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2006 1st International Symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing最新文献

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Transmit diversity systems with antenna replacement and its application to space time block coding transmission 天线替换发射分集系统及其在空时分组编码传输中的应用
Pub Date : 2006-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISWPC.2006.1613602
Seyeong Choi, Hong-Chuan Yang, Young-Chai Ko
We propose a new closed-loop transmit diversity scheme for MIMO systems based on orthogonal space-time block coding (OSTBC). The receiver of the proposed scheme checks the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the space-time decoder against an output threshold and requests the transmitter to replace the antenna corresponding to the weakest path with an unused one if the output SNR is below the threshold. We provide some interesting statistical analysis and obtain closed-form expressions for the cumulative distribution function (CDF), the probability density function (PDF), and the moment generating function (MGF) of the received SNR. We show through numerical examples that the proposed scheme offers significant performance gain with very minimal feedback load over existing open-loop MIMO diversity systems and its performance is commensurate with more complicated systems such as transmit generalized selection combining (GSC).
提出了一种基于正交空时分组编码(OSTBC)的MIMO系统闭环发射分集方案。该方案的接收端根据输出阈值检测空时解码器的输出信噪比(SNR),如果输出信噪比低于阈值,则请求发送端将最弱路径对应的天线替换为未使用的天线。我们提供了一些有趣的统计分析,并得到了接收信噪比的累积分布函数(CDF)、概率密度函数(PDF)和矩生成函数(MGF)的封闭表达式。通过数值算例表明,与现有的开环MIMO分集系统相比,该方案在极小的反馈负载下提供了显著的性能增益,并且其性能与更复杂的系统(如发射广义选择组合(GSC))相当。
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引用次数: 2
An Adaptive Frequency Hopping Method in the Bluetooth Baseband 一种蓝牙基带自适应跳频方法
Pub Date : 2006-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISWPC.2006.1613638
Sangook Moon
In Bluetooth version 1.0, the frequency to be shared has been resolved by the specific part of the digits of the Device clock and the Bluetooth address in the given piconet. Basic pattern was a kind of pseudo-random fashion using 79 frequencies in the ISM band. At this point, a problem might occur if there were more than two devices using the same frequency within the shared range. In this paper, we proposed a software-based adaptive frequency hopping method so that more than two wireless devices can stay connected without frequency collision. Suggested method was implemented with HDL (Hardware Description Language) and automatically synthesized and laid out. The adaptive frequency hopping circuit was implemented in a prototype and showed its operation at 24mHz correctly.
在蓝牙1.0版本中,要共享的频率已经由设备时钟的特定部分数字和给定微网中的蓝牙地址来解析。基本方向图是一种使用ISM频段内79个频率的伪随机方式。此时,如果有两个以上的设备在共享范围内使用相同的频率,可能会出现问题。本文提出了一种基于软件的自适应跳频方法,使两个以上的无线设备可以保持连接而不发生频率冲突。采用硬件描述语言HDL (Hardware Description Language)实现了该方法的自动合成和布局。在样机中实现了自适应跳频电路,并在24mHz下正常工作。
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引用次数: 1
Scalable broadcast strategies for ad hoc routing protocols 自组织路由协议的可扩展广播策略
Pub Date : 2006-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISWPC.2006.1613593
N. Wisitpongphan, O. Tonguz
In ad hoc wireless networks, routes are discovered either by means of a periodic update between 1-hop neighbors or by using a reactive routing protocol which relies on an explicit route discovery process. Although the major advantage of a reactive protocol is the reduction in the routing overhead, the conventional flooding mechanism used to propagate the route request (RREQ) message during the route discovery process does not scale well to large networks. In addition to the overhead problem, the way in which the route request gets propagated across the network affects the network performance in two different ways: (i) it determines how fast the route can be acquired; (ii) it is also an important factor in determining the availability and quality of the route. In this paper, we propose three novel RREQ broadcast techniques, i.e., weighted p-persistence, slotted p-persistence, and slotted p-persistence schemes. Our simulation results show that the proposed schemes can achieve up to 75% routing overhead reduction while keeping the route acquisition delay close or equal to the conventional flooding scheme.
在自组织无线网络中,通过1跳邻居之间的周期性更新或通过使用依赖于显式路由发现过程的响应路由协议来发现路由。虽然响应式协议的主要优点是减少路由开销,但在路由发现过程中用于传播路由请求(RREQ)消息的传统泛洪机制并不适用于大型网络。除了开销问题外,路由请求在网络中传播的方式以两种不同的方式影响网络性能:(i)它决定了获取路由的速度;(ii)它也是决定路线的可用性和质量的一个重要因素。在本文中,我们提出了三种新的RREQ广播技术,即加权p-持久性、有槽p-持久性和有槽p-持久性方案。仿真结果表明,该方案可以在保持路由获取延迟接近或等于传统泛洪方案的情况下,将路由开销降低75%。
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引用次数: 18
Recognition of 24 Thai spoken Vowels Using the coefficients of 3rdOrder Polynomial Regression on the Voice Energy and Spectrum of LPC on the Bark Scale 基于树皮尺度上LPC语音能量和频谱的3阶多项式系数识别24个泰语语音元音
Pub Date : 2006-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISWPC.2006.1613615
K. Songwatana, S. Sriratanapaprat, P. Kultap, K. Sittiprasert, N. Suktangman
This paper presents a vowel recognition for Thai spoken language. The Thai language consists of 9 short unmixed vowels (a, i,ω,u, o, e, ε, γ, [unk]); 9 long unmixed vowels (aa, ii, ωω, uu, oo, ee, £ εε, γγ, [unk][unk]); 3 short mixed vowels (ia, ωa, ua); and 3 long mixed vowels (i:a:, ω:a:, u:a:). We proposed uses 3-stage decision making: step 1 distinguishes long and short vowels using coefficients of third order polynomial regression of signal energy as features set and 5-NN as classification method; step 2 classifies each voice segment (frame) into 9 basic vowels using 18 critical band intensities as feature set and 9-NN as classification method; finally step 3 decides whether each frame contains mixed or unmixed vowel via thresholding method. This solution is different from the conventional speech recognition mainly because decision making in this method is done for each frame, while conventional speech recognition chooses the best decision for a sequence of frames forming a word or a sentence. Evaluation is done by applying the algorithm to 3024 voice samples of male and female subjects. Each step of the algorithm is evaluated successively.
本文提出了一种泰语元音识别方法。泰语由9个短的未混合元音组成(a, i,ω,u, o, e, ε, γ, [unk]);9纯粹的长元音(aa, ii,ωω,uu, oo, ee,£εε,γγ,[unk] [unk]);3个短混合元音(ia, ωa, ua);还有3个长混合元音(i:a:, ω:a:, u:a:)。我们提出了三阶段决策:第一步以信号能量的三阶多项式回归系数作为特征集,以5-NN作为分类方法,区分长、短元音;step2以18个临界频带强度为特征集,以9- nn为分类方法,将每个语音段(帧)划分为9个基本元音;最后步骤3通过阈值法判断每帧是否包含混合或未混合元音。该方法与传统语音识别的不同之处在于,该方法中的决策是针对每一帧进行的,而传统语音识别则是针对构成单词或句子的一系列帧进行最佳决策。将该算法应用于3024个男性和女性受试者的语音样本进行评估。算法的每一步都是依次求值的。
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引用次数: 1
Performance enhancement of an MB/spl I.bar/OFDM based UWB system in multiple SOPs environments 多sop环境下基于MB/spl I.bar/OFDM的超宽带系统的性能增强
Pub Date : 2006-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISWPC.2006.1613569
Peng Gong, Peng Xue, Jae Sung Lee, D. Kim
In this paper, we propose a new transmission scheme to support multiple simultaneously operating piconets (SOPs) in an ultra wideband (UWB) system based on multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MB/spl I.bar/OFDM), where the code division technique is combined with the MB/spl I.bar/OFDM. When there are 2 or 3 SOPs, the collision between different piconets is increased and the average probabilities of symbol collision increase up to nearly 55.7% and 70.7%, respectively. Hence, the previous scheme using symbol repeater and erasure can't effectively reduce the co-channel interference (CCI). We propose to use the MC/spl I.bar/CDMA to mitigate the CCI from 2 and 3 SOPs. Our simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is effective in multiple SOPs.
本文提出了一种在多波段正交频分复用(MB/spl I.bar/OFDM)超宽带(UWB)系统中支持多个同时操作的皮网(SOPs)的传输方案,该方案将码分技术与MB/spl I.bar/OFDM相结合。当有2个或3个标准操作程序时,不同皮网之间的碰撞增加,符号碰撞的平均概率分别增加到近55.7%和70.7%。因此,以往使用符号中继器和擦除的方案不能有效地降低同信道干扰。我们建议使用MC/spl I.bar/CDMA来减轻2个和3个sop的CCI。仿真结果表明,该方案在多个sop中是有效的。
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引用次数: 5
Power law property and self-organization in hybrid ad hoc wireless networks 混合自组织无线网络的幂律性质与自组织
Pub Date : 2006-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISWPC.2006.1613592
E. Yanmaz, O. Tonguz, S. Dixit
Scale-free property, or what is more commonly referred to as power law node degree distribution, has been observed within several natural and man-made self-organizing complex systems such as the Internet, World Wide Web (WWW), social networks, biological systems, etc. While reasons behind the power law degree distribution, especially in the context of the topology of the Internet, have been explored extensively, and several models to generate topologies that govern the power law property have been proposed, the relationship between the scale-free property and the self-organizing nature of these complex systems has not been clarified yet. In this paper, we explore if scale-free property (also known as power law) is a necessary condition for self-organization, and as a case study, we investigate if the topology of self-organizing wireless networks follow a power law.
无标度特性,或者更常被称为幂律节点度分布,已经在一些自然和人为的自组织复杂系统中被观察到,如互联网、万维网、社会网络、生物系统等。虽然幂律度分布背后的原因,特别是在互联网拓扑的背景下,已经被广泛探索,并提出了几种模型来生成控制幂律性质的拓扑,但这些复杂系统的无标度性质与自组织性质之间的关系尚未得到澄清。本文探讨了无标度特性(也称为幂律)是否是自组织的必要条件,并作为一个案例,研究了自组织无线网络的拓扑结构是否遵循幂律。
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引用次数: 4
A new route maintenance in dynamic source routing protocol 动态源路由协议中一种新的路由维护方法
Pub Date : 2006-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISWPC.2006.1613654
Ashish Shukla, Neeraj Tyagi
Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is infrastructureless, self-organizable, multi hop packet switched network. A number of routing protocols for MANETs have been proposed in recent years. Dynamic source routing (DSR) protocol is one of the most popular routing protocol for ad hoc networks. This paper presents a novel method to enhance route maintenance part of DSR protocol. Our proposed route maintenance significantly increases the efficiency of the protocol at the time of route failures.
移动自组网(MANET)是一种无基础设施、可自组织的多跳分组交换网络。近年来,人们提出了许多面向manet的路由协议。动态源路由(DSR)协议是ad hoc网络中最流行的路由协议之一。提出了一种改进DSR协议中路由维护部分的新方法。我们提出的路由维护方法在路由失效时显著提高了协议的效率。
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引用次数: 23
Defining an Optimized Management Protocol for Next Generation Packet Networks 定义下一代分组网络的优化管理协议
Pub Date : 2006-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISWPC.2006.1613662
J. Sathyan, N. Unni, S. Kantichandra, P. Gopinath
Traditionally SNMP has been the preferred protocol for Management in older generation packet networks like Ethernet, Token-ring etc. Efficient, low-bandwidth transport mechanisms (UDP over IP) as well an optimized, but limited, data model were the 2 main reasons for its popularity. The simplistic data model architecture used by SNMP (a flat MIB definition) was well suited for low complexity legacy packet nodes. There are many protocols which have arisen in the past few years to address the Management requirements of Next-generation nodes based on CIM, WBEM management framework. But these rely on TCP as the transport protocol making it not the optimal solution for low bandwidth and intermittent packet networks. This paper proposes a management protocol based on XMLP which would serve to address the scenario described above. The paper also proposes a Management Framework which could be used to seamlessly transition the management of Legacy SNMP nodes to this new protocol.
传统上,SNMP一直是老一代分组网络(如以太网、令牌环等)管理的首选协议。高效、低带宽的传输机制(UDP over IP)以及优化但有限的数据模型是其受欢迎的两个主要原因。SNMP使用的简单数据模型体系结构(扁平化MIB定义)非常适合低复杂性的遗留数据包节点。近年来出现了许多基于CIM、WBEM管理框架的下一代节点管理协议。但是这些依赖于TCP作为传输协议,使得它不是低带宽和间歇分组网络的最佳解决方案。本文提出了一种基于XMLP的管理协议,用于解决上述场景。本文还提出了一个管理框架,该框架可用于将传统SNMP节点的管理无缝过渡到这个新协议。
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引用次数: 0
A Viterbi decoder with low-power trace-back memory structure for wireless pervasive communications 一种用于无线普适通信的低功耗回溯存储器结构的维特比解码器
Pub Date : 2006-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISWPC.2006.1613572
P. Israsena, I. Kale
This paper presents a new trace-back memory structure for Viterbi decoders that reduces power consumption by 63% compared to the conventional RAM based design. Instead of the intensive read and write operations as required in RAM based designs, the new memory is based on an array of registers connected with trace-back signals that decode the output bits on the fly. The structure is used together with appropriate clock and power-aware control signals. Based on a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS implementation the trace-back back memory consumes energy of 182 pJ.
本文提出了一种新的Viterbi解码器回溯存储器结构,与传统的基于RAM的设计相比,该结构可降低63%的功耗。与基于RAM的设计所需的密集读写操作不同,这种新存储器基于一组寄存器,这些寄存器与跟踪信号相连,可以动态解码输出位。该结构与适当的时钟和功率感知控制信号一起使用。基于0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS实现的回溯式内存消耗能量为182 pJ。
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引用次数: 1
Structuring proactive secret sharing in mobile ad-hoc networks 构建移动自组织网络中的主动秘密共享
Pub Date : 2006-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISWPC.2006.1613620
H. Asaeda, M. Rahma, Y. Toyama
Threshold cryptography is a novel cryptographic technique sharing secret among members. It divides a secret key into multiple shares by a cryptographic operation. This technique is useful to provide a shared secret key to legitimate nodes in a infrastructure-less mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). As an additional component, proactive secret sharing (PSS) allows a set of nodes holding shares to refresh all shares by generating a new set of shares for the same secret key from the old shares without reconstructing the secret key. It is necessary to reasonably escape from threats of exposing the secret key when threshold cryptography is used. In this paper, we design the PSS protocol implementation specification in a MANET environment. In our scheme all share holder nodes synchronize the PSS procedure in a well-managed fashion to keep the protocol consistency. We then introduce our actual implementation and evaluate the behavior and its performance criteria.
阈值密码学是一种在成员之间共享秘密的新型密码学技术。它通过加密操作将密钥分成多个共享。这种技术对于向无基础设施的移动自组织网络(MANET)中的合法节点提供共享密钥非常有用。作为一个附加组件,主动秘密共享(PSS)允许一组持有共享的节点刷新所有共享,方法是从旧共享中为相同的秘密密钥生成一组新的共享,而无需重建秘密密钥。当使用阈值加密时,有必要合理地避免暴露密钥的威胁。本文设计了无线局域网环境下的PSS协议实现规范。在我们的方案中,所有共享持有者节点以良好管理的方式同步PSS过程,以保持协议的一致性。然后介绍我们的实际实现,并评估行为及其性能标准。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
2006 1st International Symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing
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