Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22038/IJN.2020.44072.1731
Shamsollah Noripour, M. Kazemian, M. Radfar, Naeeme Taslimi Taleghani, P. Alizadeh, M. Khoddami, M. Fallahi
Background: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the first month of life. The underlying risk factors for early-onset infection (in the first 3 days of life) are prematurity, low birth weight, maternal history of infection, difficult delivery, male gender, twin pregnancy, and congenital malformations. Acinetobacter is a nosocomial infection and rarely caused the early-onset-sepsis and meningitis. The most common neonatal tumor is neuroblastoma; however, it is not defined as a risk factor for early-onset sepsis. Case report: A 13-day-old newborn female was referred to our hospital due to ventriculitis, persistent meningitis, and an abdominal mass. She was a term neonate delivered by cesarean section from a mother with a nearly normal pregnancy with no complications, such as chorioamnionitis, prolonged rupture of membrane, urinary tract infection, preeclampsia, and diabetes. A fetal abdominal mass was detected on the left kidney in prenatal sonography. The patient was admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in the first minutes of life because of respiratory distress and cyanosis. Subsequently, mechanical ventilation, endotracheal surfactant instillation, and antibiotic therapy were prescribed. Due to the deterioration of the general condition, fever, seizure, and hematuria on the third day, sepsis workup and changing the antibiotics were performed. Blood culture and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were positive for Acinetobacter baumannii. Persistent positive CSF culture led to the diagnosis of ventriculitis which was confirmed by brain computed tomography scan (CTS) and ventricular tap. The condition of the patient got better after intraventricular amikacin injection in addition to intravenous colistin and piperacillin. Postnatal sonography and CTS confirmed the abdominal neuroblastoma. Chemotherapy was initiated after the complete treatment of sepsis, meningitis, and ventriculitis. This case report presents a term and female neonate with early-onset neonatal sepsis and meningitis, caused by an unusual microorganism, and a prenatal history of abdominal neuroblastoma. Conclusion: By this case report, the clinicians are suggested to consider the Acinetobacter baumannii as the cause of fulminant sepsis and meningitis in a term neonate with no underlying risk factors for infection. Keywords
{"title":"Abdominal Neuroblastoma and Early Onset Acinetobacter Septicemia in a Newborn","authors":"Shamsollah Noripour, M. Kazemian, M. Radfar, Naeeme Taslimi Taleghani, P. Alizadeh, M. Khoddami, M. Fallahi","doi":"10.22038/IJN.2020.44072.1731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJN.2020.44072.1731","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the first month of life. The underlying risk factors for early-onset infection (in the first 3 days of life) are prematurity, low birth weight, maternal history of infection, difficult delivery, male gender, twin pregnancy, and congenital malformations. Acinetobacter is a nosocomial infection and rarely caused the early-onset-sepsis and meningitis. The most common neonatal tumor is neuroblastoma; however, it is not defined as a risk factor for early-onset sepsis. Case report: A 13-day-old newborn female was referred to our hospital due to ventriculitis, persistent meningitis, and an abdominal mass. She was a term neonate delivered by cesarean section from a mother with a nearly normal pregnancy with no complications, such as chorioamnionitis, prolonged rupture of membrane, urinary tract infection, preeclampsia, and diabetes. A fetal abdominal mass was detected on the left kidney in prenatal sonography. The patient was admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in the first minutes of life because of respiratory distress and cyanosis. Subsequently, mechanical ventilation, endotracheal surfactant instillation, and antibiotic therapy were prescribed. Due to the deterioration of the general condition, fever, seizure, and hematuria on the third day, sepsis workup and changing the antibiotics were performed. Blood culture and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were positive for Acinetobacter baumannii. Persistent positive CSF culture led to the diagnosis of ventriculitis which was confirmed by brain computed tomography scan (CTS) and ventricular tap. The condition of the patient got better after intraventricular amikacin injection in addition to intravenous colistin and piperacillin. Postnatal sonography and CTS confirmed the abdominal neuroblastoma. Chemotherapy was initiated after the complete treatment of sepsis, meningitis, and ventriculitis. This case report presents a term and female neonate with early-onset neonatal sepsis and meningitis, caused by an unusual microorganism, and a prenatal history of abdominal neuroblastoma. Conclusion: By this case report, the clinicians are suggested to consider the Acinetobacter baumannii as the cause of fulminant sepsis and meningitis in a term neonate with no underlying risk factors for infection. Keywords","PeriodicalId":14584,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN","volume":"10 1","pages":"100-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76820272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22038/IJN.2020.49397.1861
H. Heidari, A. Khaledifar
Background: Nowadays, the promotion of cardiac care programs for infants in need of specialized heart care has improved the survival of these patients. This study aimed to explain the experiences of healthcare staff regarding angiography in pediatric patients. Methods: This study was conducted based on qualitative content analysis. The data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face, and individual interviews. In total, 20 participants (9 nurses, 4 radiologists, and 7 pediatric cardiologists) were included in this study. Results: According to the results, three main categories were found in this study, including the need for specialized skills (along with three subcategories of the need for knowledge skills, communication skills, and experience), lack of pediatric angiography facilities (along with three subcategories of a shortage of specialist and pediatric nurses, as well as lack of space), and lack of providing care to caregivers (along with three subcategories of intensive shifts, suffering from aggressive pediatric procedures, and environmental vulnerability). Conclusion: Health care staff working in the field of angiography in infants are experiencing numerous mental and psychological problems; however, the health system has not taken supportive measures for such personnel. The result of this study can help future interventions develop supportive programs for healthcare staff working in this unit.
{"title":"Experiences of Healthcare Staff Regarding Angiography in Infants","authors":"H. Heidari, A. Khaledifar","doi":"10.22038/IJN.2020.49397.1861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJN.2020.49397.1861","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nowadays, the promotion of cardiac care programs for infants in need of specialized heart care has improved the survival of these patients. This study aimed to explain the experiences of healthcare staff regarding angiography in pediatric patients. Methods: This study was conducted based on qualitative content analysis. The data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face, and individual interviews. In total, 20 participants (9 nurses, 4 radiologists, and 7 pediatric cardiologists) were included in this study. Results: According to the results, three main categories were found in this study, including the need for specialized skills (along with three subcategories of the need for knowledge skills, communication skills, and experience), lack of pediatric angiography facilities (along with three subcategories of a shortage of specialist and pediatric nurses, as well as lack of space), and lack of providing care to caregivers (along with three subcategories of intensive shifts, suffering from aggressive pediatric procedures, and environmental vulnerability). Conclusion: Health care staff working in the field of angiography in infants are experiencing numerous mental and psychological problems; however, the health system has not taken supportive measures for such personnel. The result of this study can help future interventions develop supportive programs for healthcare staff working in this unit.","PeriodicalId":14584,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN","volume":"48 1","pages":"54-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86082034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22038/IJN.2020.49279.1859
M. Bogale, Worknesh Akanaw Bogale, D. Kassie, Abebe Woldesellassie, Animut Tagele Tamiru
Background: Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes caused by hyperbilirubinemia. Jaundice usually becomes visible on the sclera at a level of 2 to 3 mg/dL. Each year, about 1.1 million neonates develop hyperbilirubinemia in the world the vast majority of whom live in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. In 2016, neonatal jaundice was estimated to account for about 8 under-5 mortalities per 100,000 live births worldwide. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of hyperbilirubinemia among all the inborn and outborn neonates at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Gondar, Ethiopia. Methods: The current institutional-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 399 case files of all the admitted inborn and outborn neonates at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital within March 2017 to March 2019. The extracted data were entered into Epi Info software (version 7.0) and exported and analyzed using SPSS software (version 21.0). Variables with a p-value of less than 0.2 in the bivariate analysis were included in the final model, and the statistical significance was declared at less than 0.05. Both the size and statistically associated factors affecting the results of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were the main outcome measures in this study. Results: Overall, 31.6% (n=126) of the admitted neonates developed hyperbilirubinemia. Maternal and neonatal Rhesus (RH) incompatibility, ABO incompatibility, low birth weight, hypoglycemia, and birth trauma were the main statistically significant factors associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Conclusion: The prevalence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in this study was high in comparison to that reported for other studies carried out on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in some parts of Ethiopia. The major factors causing hyperbilirubinemia in neonates were RH incompatibility, low birth weight, birth trauma, and hypoglycemia. Therefore, by the early prevention and prompt treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates, it is important to prevent or reduce both short-term and long-term complications related to this condition.
{"title":"Factors Associated with Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia in Case Files of All Admitted Inborn and Outborn Neonates in Northwest Ethiopia in 2019","authors":"M. Bogale, Worknesh Akanaw Bogale, D. Kassie, Abebe Woldesellassie, Animut Tagele Tamiru","doi":"10.22038/IJN.2020.49279.1859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJN.2020.49279.1859","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes caused by hyperbilirubinemia. Jaundice usually becomes visible on the sclera at a level of 2 to 3 mg/dL. Each year, about 1.1 million neonates develop hyperbilirubinemia in the world the vast majority of whom live in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. In 2016, neonatal jaundice was estimated to account for about 8 under-5 mortalities per 100,000 live births worldwide. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of hyperbilirubinemia among all the inborn and outborn neonates at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Gondar, Ethiopia. Methods: The current institutional-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 399 case files of all the admitted inborn and outborn neonates at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital within March 2017 to March 2019. The extracted data were entered into Epi Info software (version 7.0) and exported and analyzed using SPSS software (version 21.0). Variables with a p-value of less than 0.2 in the bivariate analysis were included in the final model, and the statistical significance was declared at less than 0.05. Both the size and statistically associated factors affecting the results of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were the main outcome measures in this study. Results: Overall, 31.6% (n=126) of the admitted neonates developed hyperbilirubinemia. Maternal and neonatal Rhesus (RH) incompatibility, ABO incompatibility, low birth weight, hypoglycemia, and birth trauma were the main statistically significant factors associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Conclusion: The prevalence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in this study was high in comparison to that reported for other studies carried out on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in some parts of Ethiopia. The major factors causing hyperbilirubinemia in neonates were RH incompatibility, low birth weight, birth trauma, and hypoglycemia. Therefore, by the early prevention and prompt treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates, it is important to prevent or reduce both short-term and long-term complications related to this condition.","PeriodicalId":14584,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN","volume":"6 1","pages":"46-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74208645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22038/IJN.2020.42861.1711
Safie Rezapour, P. Aziznejadroshan, Mousa Ahmadpour-Kacho, A. Zabihi, K. Tilaki, Y. Zahedpasha
Background: Peers are influential people who can enhance self-efficacy (SE) factors by verbal encouragement and common experience sharing and affect maternal SE in promoting and maintaining breastfeeding (BF). This study aimed to determine the effect of peer education on BF SE among primiparous mothers. Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on nulliparous mothers with hospitalized neonates in the neonatal ward of Amirkola Children's Hospital, Mazandaran Province, Iran, within May-September 2018. The statistical population of this research (n=120) was selected using the convenience method and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control (n=60 each). The control group received the usual and standard center's education. However, the mothers in the intervention group received, two one-hour sessions of BF education from peers in addition to the usual training. These peers were qualified and experienced in two years of successful BF. The tools used for data collection were the demographic form and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy (BE SE) Scale. The BE SE questionnaire was completed at the time of enrollment and the eighth week after primiparous delivery. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version18) using an independent t-test and paired t-test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The two groups were similar in demographic variables. The mean score of BF SE after the education in the control and intervention groups were obtained as 48.38±7.85 and 60.25±8.32, respectively, which was significant (P<0. 001). Conclusion: Based on the results, breastfeeding through peer education increased SE in primiparous women. Therefore, it is recommended to adopt it as an appropriate educational method to improve the quality of BF education among mothers with newborns hospitalized in the neonatal ward.
{"title":"Impact of Peer Education on Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy in Primiparous Women","authors":"Safie Rezapour, P. Aziznejadroshan, Mousa Ahmadpour-Kacho, A. Zabihi, K. Tilaki, Y. Zahedpasha","doi":"10.22038/IJN.2020.42861.1711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJN.2020.42861.1711","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Peers are influential people who can enhance self-efficacy (SE) factors by verbal encouragement and common experience sharing and affect maternal SE in promoting and maintaining breastfeeding (BF). This study aimed to determine the effect of peer education on BF SE among primiparous mothers. Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on nulliparous mothers with hospitalized neonates in the neonatal ward of Amirkola Children's Hospital, Mazandaran Province, Iran, within May-September 2018. The statistical population of this research (n=120) was selected using the convenience method and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control (n=60 each). The control group received the usual and standard center's education. However, the mothers in the intervention group received, two one-hour sessions of BF education from peers in addition to the usual training. These peers were qualified and experienced in two years of successful BF. The tools used for data collection were the demographic form and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy (BE SE) Scale. The BE SE questionnaire was completed at the time of enrollment and the eighth week after primiparous delivery. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version18) using an independent t-test and paired t-test. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The two groups were similar in demographic variables. The mean score of BF SE after the education in the control and intervention groups were obtained as 48.38±7.85 and 60.25±8.32, respectively, which was significant (P<0. 001). Conclusion: Based on the results, breastfeeding through peer education increased SE in primiparous women. Therefore, it is recommended to adopt it as an appropriate educational method to improve the quality of BF education among mothers with newborns hospitalized in the neonatal ward.","PeriodicalId":14584,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN","volume":"17 1","pages":"79-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82682489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22038/IJN.2020.48542.1839
M. Zarkesh
Background: The development of the teeth is affected by gestational age, and premature neonates are at greater risk for developing dental problems. In the present study, the deleterious effects of preterm birth on orodental tissues and structures were reviewed. Methods: A detailed research was carried out on MEDLINE, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. English articles up to June 2019 were included and the search process was performed using the following keywords: “Dental outcomes”, “Tooth”, “Preterm”, “Prematurity”, and “Neonate”. Results: Literature review has revealed that alteration of tooth crown sizes, quantitative loss of enamel (i.e., enamel hypoplasia), and qualitative change in the enamel opacity (i.e., translucence appearance), or a combination of all are common in premature newborns. Delayed eruption of the first deciduous tooth is frequent among preterm neonates. Prematurity may also influence dental occlusion development, asymmetry in the jaws, and lateralization. Neonates with immature organs and enzymes are at greater risk for some complications, such as hemolytic jaundice and cholestasis. These complications, in addition to hyperbilirubinemia, may result in yellow, brown, or dark green discoloration in the primary teeth. Conclusion: Some measures can be adopted to improve dental outcomes in premature neonates, including prevention of preterm birth, avoiding problems associated with oral intubation, gentle passing and moistening oral tube feeding, and oral care with colostrum and soft swabs.
{"title":"Prematurity and Dental Outcomes: A Short Communication Study","authors":"M. Zarkesh","doi":"10.22038/IJN.2020.48542.1839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJN.2020.48542.1839","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The development of the teeth is affected by gestational age, and premature neonates are at greater risk for developing dental problems. In the present study, the deleterious effects of preterm birth on orodental tissues and structures were reviewed. Methods: A detailed research was carried out on MEDLINE, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. English articles up to June 2019 were included and the search process was performed using the following keywords: “Dental outcomes”, “Tooth”, “Preterm”, “Prematurity”, and “Neonate”. Results: Literature review has revealed that alteration of tooth crown sizes, quantitative loss of enamel (i.e., enamel hypoplasia), and qualitative change in the enamel opacity (i.e., translucence appearance), or a combination of all are common in premature newborns. Delayed eruption of the first deciduous tooth is frequent among preterm neonates. Prematurity may also influence dental occlusion development, asymmetry in the jaws, and lateralization. Neonates with immature organs and enzymes are at greater risk for some complications, such as hemolytic jaundice and cholestasis. These complications, in addition to hyperbilirubinemia, may result in yellow, brown, or dark green discoloration in the primary teeth. Conclusion: Some measures can be adopted to improve dental outcomes in premature neonates, including prevention of preterm birth, avoiding problems associated with oral intubation, gentle passing and moistening oral tube feeding, and oral care with colostrum and soft swabs.","PeriodicalId":14584,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN","volume":"37 1","pages":"75-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75748308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22038/IJN.2020.48260.1833
S. Charki, Trimal Kulkarni, V. Biradar, Mohd. Shannawaz, M. Patil, S. Kalyanshettar, Sharangouda J. Patil
Background: The majority of the neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) would be on respiratory support either invasive or non-invasive ventilation. Therefore, it is difficult to measure anthropometries, such as weight, length, and head circumference in these sick newborns. This study aimed to determine the correlation of foot length with occipitofrontal head circumference (OFC), crown-heel length (CHL), and weight of the newborn. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the level IIb NICU of Shri B M Patil Medical College Hospital and Research center, Vijayapur, India. The foot length, OFC, and CHL of the neonates with gestational ages of 28-42 weeks were measured between 12 hours and 7 days of life. Results: Out of 350 neonates enrolled, 61% and 39% of the newborns were preterm and term, respectively. The correlation between foot length and birth weight (r=0.90) and foot length and length (r=0.89) was pronounced in premature neonates. Moreover, a positive linear correlation was observed between foot length and weight in neonates of all gestational ages. To identify the low birth weight (LBW) neonates (<2500 gm), a foot length of less than 7.41 cm had sensitivity and specificity of 94% and 50%, respectively. Furthermore, foot length less than 6.62 cm had 100% sensitivity and 67% specificity to identify the very LBW newborns (<1500 gm). Conclusion: Birth weight and CHL of premature newborns can be estimated from the measurement of foot length that was performed easily and rapidly. Measurement of foot length is valuable in premature neonates who are too ill at birth or those who are on ventilators. Furthermore, foot length may be used in the identification of LBW and VLBW newborns who are admitted to the NICU.
背景:大多数新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)的新生儿需要呼吸支持，无论是有创通气还是无创通气。因此，很难测量这些患病新生儿的体重、身长和头围等人体测量指标。本研究旨在确定新生儿脚长与枕额头围(OFC)、冠跟长(CHL)和体重的相关性。方法:在印度Vijayapur Shri B M Patil医学院附属医院及研究中心IIb级新生儿重症监护室进行横断面研究。在出生后12小时至7天测量胎龄28-42周新生儿的足长、OFC和CHL。结果:纳入的350例新生儿中，61%为早产儿，39%为足月新生儿。在早产儿中，足长与出生体重(r=0.90)、足长与体长(r=0.89)的相关性显著。此外，在所有胎龄的新生儿中，观察到脚长与体重之间存在正线性相关。对于低出生体重(LBW)新生儿(<2500 gm)，足长小于7.41 cm的敏感性和特异性分别为94%和50%。此外，足长小于6.62 cm对极低体重新生儿(<1500 gm)的识别灵敏度为100%，特异性为67%。结论:通过测量新生儿足长，可以简便、快速地测定新生儿出生体重和CHL。对于出生时病情严重或使用呼吸机的早产儿，测量足长是很有价值的。此外，脚长可用于识别入住NICU的LBW和VLBW新生儿。
{"title":"Utilization of Foot Length as a Non-Invasive Anthropometric Measurement in Neonates Admitted to the NICU in a Tertiary Care Centre in North Karnataka, India","authors":"S. Charki, Trimal Kulkarni, V. Biradar, Mohd. Shannawaz, M. Patil, S. Kalyanshettar, Sharangouda J. Patil","doi":"10.22038/IJN.2020.48260.1833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJN.2020.48260.1833","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The majority of the neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) would be on respiratory support either invasive or non-invasive ventilation. Therefore, it is difficult to measure anthropometries, such as weight, length, and head circumference in these sick newborns. This study aimed to determine the correlation of foot length with occipitofrontal head circumference (OFC), crown-heel length (CHL), and weight of the newborn. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the level IIb NICU of Shri B M Patil Medical College Hospital and Research center, Vijayapur, India. The foot length, OFC, and CHL of the neonates with gestational ages of 28-42 weeks were measured between 12 hours and 7 days of life. Results: Out of 350 neonates enrolled, 61% and 39% of the newborns were preterm and term, respectively. The correlation between foot length and birth weight (r=0.90) and foot length and length (r=0.89) was pronounced in premature neonates. Moreover, a positive linear correlation was observed between foot length and weight in neonates of all gestational ages. To identify the low birth weight (LBW) neonates (<2500 gm), a foot length of less than 7.41 cm had sensitivity and specificity of 94% and 50%, respectively. Furthermore, foot length less than 6.62 cm had 100% sensitivity and 67% specificity to identify the very LBW newborns (<1500 gm). Conclusion: Birth weight and CHL of premature newborns can be estimated from the measurement of foot length that was performed easily and rapidly. Measurement of foot length is valuable in premature neonates who are too ill at birth or those who are on ventilators. Furthermore, foot length may be used in the identification of LBW and VLBW newborns who are admitted to the NICU.","PeriodicalId":14584,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN","volume":"40 1","pages":"7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82391221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22038/ijn.2021.53028.1958
A. Pandey, A. Shukla, P. Lal
Background: Mother-to-child transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a matter of great concern in post-partum wards and neonatal units. With little prior experience of this novel infection, there are contradictory findings in the literature regarding breastfeeding and rooming-in for newborns of mothers with COVID-19 disease. To assess the transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 in neonates who were fed expressed breast milk of COVID-19 positive mothers. Methods: This prospective study included 16 neonates born to COVID-19 positive mothers. The neonates were nursed in a neonatal unit separate from their mother. Expressed breast milk was fed by health care givers ensuring proper safety measures. Nasal and throat swabs of neonates were tested twice for SARS CoV-2, firstly, at 48 h of life and secondly, before discharge. Results: Pneumonia was present in 3 (20%) mothers, and C-reactive protein was raised in 9 (60 %) mothers. Birth weight was low in 8 (50%) neonates. Respiratory distress syndrome and meconium aspiration syndrome were present in two and one newborns, respectively. Nasal and throat swabs of all 16 newborns tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection twice, at 48 h of life and before discharge. Conclusion: Expressed breast milk feeding can be considered safe in neonates born to COVID-19 positive mothers. Even sick mothers with COVID-19 can continue to express breast milk after ensuring proper safety measures.
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Transmission Risk through Expressed Breast Milk Feeding in Neonates Born to COVID 19 Positive Mothers: A Prospective Observational Study","authors":"A. Pandey, A. Shukla, P. Lal","doi":"10.22038/ijn.2021.53028.1958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/ijn.2021.53028.1958","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mother-to-child transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a matter of great concern in post-partum wards and neonatal units. With little prior experience of this novel infection, there are contradictory findings in the literature regarding breastfeeding and rooming-in for newborns of mothers with COVID-19 disease. To assess the transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 in neonates who were fed expressed breast milk of COVID-19 positive mothers. Methods: This prospective study included 16 neonates born to COVID-19 positive mothers. The neonates were nursed in a neonatal unit separate from their mother. Expressed breast milk was fed by health care givers ensuring proper safety measures. Nasal and throat swabs of neonates were tested twice for SARS CoV-2, firstly, at 48 h of life and secondly, before discharge. Results: Pneumonia was present in 3 (20%) mothers, and C-reactive protein was raised in 9 (60 %) mothers. Birth weight was low in 8 (50%) neonates. Respiratory distress syndrome and meconium aspiration syndrome were present in two and one newborns, respectively. Nasal and throat swabs of all 16 newborns tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection twice, at 48 h of life and before discharge. Conclusion: Expressed breast milk feeding can be considered safe in neonates born to COVID-19 positive mothers. Even sick mothers with COVID-19 can continue to express breast milk after ensuring proper safety measures.","PeriodicalId":14584,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN","volume":"27 1","pages":"53-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88661569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22038/IJN.2020.48715.1843
M. Mehrkash, A. Gheissari, Behzad Barekatain, Fatemeh Ziabi, S. Tabatabaei
Background: Despite advances in perinatal care, perinatal asphyxia (PA) remains one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity at birth. Asphyxia is associated with the dysfunction of different organs of the body. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the urinary biomarker of beta-2 microglobulin in neonates with asphyxia. Methods: This case-control study was performed on neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of AL Zahra and Shahid Beheshti hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, during 2017-18. On the second day of birth, beta-2 microglobulin was measured in urine samples using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results: The mean level of beta-2 microglobulin in the group with asphyxia (9.91±6.16) was significantly higher than that in the control group (3.83±4.03) (P=0.001). Moreover, analysis of beta-2 microglobulin level in the group with asphyxia showed that the mean serum level of neonates with acute renal failure (13.14±6.27) was significantly higher than that in newborns without acute renal failure (6.68±4.24) (P=0.02). Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that the beta-2 microglobulin level can be evaluated as a marker of neonatal asphyxia. Furthermore, its level was significantly associated with acute kidney injury. It is suggested that further studies be conducted with a larger sample size.
{"title":"Investigation of Urinary Beta-2 Microglobulin Level in Neonates with Asphyxia Admitted in Alzahra Hospitals in Isfahan, 1396-1397","authors":"M. Mehrkash, A. Gheissari, Behzad Barekatain, Fatemeh Ziabi, S. Tabatabaei","doi":"10.22038/IJN.2020.48715.1843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJN.2020.48715.1843","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite advances in perinatal care, perinatal asphyxia (PA) remains one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity at birth. Asphyxia is associated with the dysfunction of different organs of the body. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the urinary biomarker of beta-2 microglobulin in neonates with asphyxia. Methods: This case-control study was performed on neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of AL Zahra and Shahid Beheshti hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, during 2017-18. On the second day of birth, beta-2 microglobulin was measured in urine samples using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results: The mean level of beta-2 microglobulin in the group with asphyxia (9.91±6.16) was significantly higher than that in the control group (3.83±4.03) (P=0.001). Moreover, analysis of beta-2 microglobulin level in the group with asphyxia showed that the mean serum level of neonates with acute renal failure (13.14±6.27) was significantly higher than that in newborns without acute renal failure (6.68±4.24) (P=0.02). Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that the beta-2 microglobulin level can be evaluated as a marker of neonatal asphyxia. Furthermore, its level was significantly associated with acute kidney injury. It is suggested that further studies be conducted with a larger sample size.","PeriodicalId":14584,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN","volume":"15 1","pages":"61-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84021594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22038/ijn.2021.53152.1964
J. Nazari, Z. Mousavi, H. Taher-Ahmadi, M. Shokrpour, A. Akhonzade, P. Hadadi, M. Didehdar
Background: It has been indicated that pregnant women and neonates are susceptible to COVID-19 infection. Nevertheless, the unresolved question is about the possibility of COVID-19 infection in neonates born to COVID-19 mothers. The present study aimed to assess the routes through which neonates may be infected with the virus: vertically or nosocomially. Case report: This study reports the case of a neonate with COVID-19 infection who became symptomatic 30 h after birth. His pharyngeal swab specimen was reported as positive by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). It happened while the newborn's mother was tested for the COVID-19 twice, and she received negative results both times. Conclusion: According to the incubation period of COVID-19 which is at least 1 day, the possibility of nosocomial transmission is less than other cases reported so far. Moreover, the mother had no COVID-19 symptoms during the last month of delivery. Further clinical research is necessary to determine the routes of maternal transmission of COVID-19 to neonates.
{"title":"Case-report of a Neonate with COVID-19 Infection: How he Has been Infected?","authors":"J. Nazari, Z. Mousavi, H. Taher-Ahmadi, M. Shokrpour, A. Akhonzade, P. Hadadi, M. Didehdar","doi":"10.22038/ijn.2021.53152.1964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/ijn.2021.53152.1964","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It has been indicated that pregnant women and neonates are susceptible to COVID-19 infection. Nevertheless, the unresolved question is about the possibility of COVID-19 infection in neonates born to COVID-19 mothers. The present study aimed to assess the routes through which neonates may be infected with the virus: vertically or nosocomially. Case report: This study reports the case of a neonate with COVID-19 infection who became symptomatic 30 h after birth. His pharyngeal swab specimen was reported as positive by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). It happened while the newborn's mother was tested for the COVID-19 twice, and she received negative results both times. Conclusion: According to the incubation period of COVID-19 which is at least 1 day, the possibility of nosocomial transmission is less than other cases reported so far. Moreover, the mother had no COVID-19 symptoms during the last month of delivery. Further clinical research is necessary to determine the routes of maternal transmission of COVID-19 to neonates.","PeriodicalId":14584,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN","volume":"55 1","pages":"104-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80175073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22038/IJN.2020.43514.1724
Elahe Movahedi Moghadam, M. Vasei, A. Movahedian, Z. Mosayebi
Background: Bronchogenic cysts (BCs) are congenital abnormalities of the primitive foregut, which are commonly found in the lung and mediastinum; however, they may rarely occur in the retroperitoneal region. Case report: We present a case of 20-day-old male newborn with a prenatal diagnosis of an abdominal mass who was referred and admitted to our hospital for further evaluation. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography scan demonstrated a retroperitoneal ill-defined solid mass locating on the upper ridge of the left kidney in close contact with the posterior wall of the stomach and pressure effects on the spleen hilum. Concerning presumptive diagnosis of neuroblastoma, less likely Wilms tumor, and subdiaphragmatic sequestration, surgery was carried out, and the mass removed completely. Pathological examination revealed a multiloculated cystic-solid mass with cystic spaces which was lined by respiratory epithelium, and the underlying fibrotic stroma contained islands of mature cartilage consistent with the diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst. Conclusion: Although BCs rarely occur, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a retroperitoneal mass in the neonates. Keywords
{"title":"Bronchogenic Cyst: A Rare Cause of a Retroperitoneal Mass in a Neonate","authors":"Elahe Movahedi Moghadam, M. Vasei, A. Movahedian, Z. Mosayebi","doi":"10.22038/IJN.2020.43514.1724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22038/IJN.2020.43514.1724","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bronchogenic cysts (BCs) are congenital abnormalities of the primitive foregut, which are commonly found in the lung and mediastinum; however, they may rarely occur in the retroperitoneal region. Case report: We present a case of 20-day-old male newborn with a prenatal diagnosis of an abdominal mass who was referred and admitted to our hospital for further evaluation. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography scan demonstrated a retroperitoneal ill-defined solid mass locating on the upper ridge of the left kidney in close contact with the posterior wall of the stomach and pressure effects on the spleen hilum. Concerning presumptive diagnosis of neuroblastoma, less likely Wilms tumor, and subdiaphragmatic sequestration, surgery was carried out, and the mass removed completely. Pathological examination revealed a multiloculated cystic-solid mass with cystic spaces which was lined by respiratory epithelium, and the underlying fibrotic stroma contained islands of mature cartilage consistent with the diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst. Conclusion: Although BCs rarely occur, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a retroperitoneal mass in the neonates. Keywords","PeriodicalId":14584,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN","volume":"7 1","pages":"106-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87527664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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