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Inhibitory effect of Nigella sativa oil loaded to liposomal nanocarriers on Candida parapsilosis isolates. 负载于脂质体纳米载体的黑升麻油对副丝状念珠菌分离物的抑制作用。
IF 1.3 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16316
Ardalan Ghiaee Shamloo, Hossein Zarrinfar, Mahmoud Reza Jaafari, Mohammad Hossein Yadegari

Background and objectives: Candida parapsilosis is the second most common species causing infectious diseases and can lead to biofilm resistance. This study aims to adjust and synthesize a liposomal compound of Nigella sativa and evaluate its antifungal properties against C. parapsilosis isolates.

Materials and methods: The liposomal formulation of N. sativa was optimized through the utilization of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size analysis, zeta potential measurement, and UV-visible spectrophotometry. Furthermore, an MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay was conducted on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The antifungal efficacy was evaluated in accordance with the M27-A3 guideline.

Results: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of N. sativa oil and the liposomal formulation on C. parapsilosis isolates ranged from 128 to 8 µg/mL and from 250 to 31.25 µg/mL, respectively. The MIC50 and MIC90 values of N. sativa oil and the liposomal formulation were 125, 187, and 32, 96 µg/mL, respectively. The viability percentage of cells treated with the liposomal formulation and free N. sativa oil was 91% and 85%, respectively.

Conclusion: The cytotoxicity of free N. sativa was significantly reduced when using nanoliposomes. The liposomal form of N. sativa showed greater antifungal properties compared to the free N. sativa extract against C. parapsilosis isolates.

背景和目的:副丝状念珠菌是引起感染性疾病的第二大常见菌种,可导致生物膜抗药性。本研究旨在调整和合成一种黑升麻脂质体化合物,并评估其对副丝状念珠菌分离株的抗真菌特性:通过利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、粒度分析、ZETA电位测量和紫外-可见分光光度法,优化了黑木耳脂质体配方。此外,还对外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)进行了 MTT(3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide)检测。抗真菌药效的评估符合 M27-A3 指南:结果:N. sativa 油和脂质体制剂对副丝状菌分离株的最小抑菌浓度(MICs)分别为 128 至 8 µg/mL 和 250 至 31.25 µg/mL。荠菜油和脂质体制剂的 MIC50 和 MIC90 值分别为 125、187 和 32、96 µg/mL。用脂质体制剂和游离荠菜油处理的细胞存活率分别为 91% 和 85%:结论:使用纳米脂质体可显著降低游离萝芙木油的细胞毒性。与游离 N. sativa 提取物相比,脂质体形式的 N. sativa 对 C. parapsilosis 分离物具有更强的抗真菌特性。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and diversity of enteric Helicobacter spp. in healthy and diarrheic cats. 健康猫和腹泻猫肠道螺旋杆菌的流行率和多样性。
IF 1.3 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16317
Reza Ahmadi, Farnoosh Arfaee, Shahram Jamshidi, Pejman Mortazavi, Mahmoud Jamshidian

Background and objectives: Helicobacters are gastric and enterohepatic and live in the gut. The role of enterohepatic Helicobacters as intestinal pathogens is uncertain, while stomach Helicobacters are well-known. The prevalence of Helicobacter species in cat feces helps us understand their impact on cat health and human disease transmission. This study used PCR to identify Helicobacter spp. in feces samples from healthy and diarrhoeic cats, independent of the reason. The study also compared intestinal and stomach Helicobacter species.

Materials and methods: PCR analysis was performed on fecal samples from 40 cats, with 20 cats having diarrhea and 20 cats showing no symptoms. The PCR analysis aimed to detect Helicobacter's presence using a method that identifies the bacteria through the 16S rRNA gene.

Results: The diarrhoeic group had a greater prevalence of infection (17:9 ratio), with an overall 65% infection rate detected. Cats that were older than 2 years showed a higher incidence of disease. H. canis had the highest occurrence rate (69.2%), followed by H. bilis, H. bizzozeronii, and H. salomonis. Significantly, H. pylori, H. felis, and H. heilmannii were not reported.

Conclusion: H. canis was the predominant species found in both healthy and diarrheic cats, indicating the need for more investigation. The detection of the gastric species H. salomonis and H. bizzozeronii further complicates the classification. This highlights the complex nature of Helicobacter infections in cats, emphasizing the need for further investigation to guide the development of preventative measures and treatment techniques for both veterinary and public health purposes.

背景和目的:螺旋杆菌有胃型和肠肝型两种,生活在肠道中。肠肝螺旋杆菌作为肠道病原体的作用尚不确定,而胃螺旋杆菌则是众所周知的。猫粪便中螺旋杆菌的流行有助于我们了解它们对猫咪健康和人类疾病传播的影响。这项研究利用 PCR 技术鉴定了健康猫和腹泻猫粪便样本中的螺旋杆菌属,与原因无关。研究还比较了肠道和胃中的螺旋杆菌种类:对 40 只猫的粪便样本进行了 PCR 分析,其中 20 只猫腹泻,20 只猫无症状。PCR 分析的目的是通过 16S rRNA 基因识别细菌的方法检测是否存在螺旋杆菌:腹泻组的感染率更高(比例为 17:9),总体感染率为 65%。两岁以上的猫发病率更高。犬细小病毒感染率最高(69.2%),其次是比里氏小病毒、比佐龙小病毒和沙门氏菌。值得注意的是,幽门螺杆菌、费里螺杆菌和海尔曼尼螺杆菌均未见报道:结论:在健康猫和腹泻猫身上发现的主要病原体都是犬细小病毒,这表明有必要进行更多的调查。沙洛单氏菌(H. salomonis)和比佐戎氏菌(H. bizzozeronii)的发现使分类更加复杂。这凸显了猫螺旋杆菌感染的复杂性,强调了进一步调查的必要性,以指导兽医和公共卫生预防措施和治疗技术的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus associated with pyogenic infections. 与化脓性感染有关的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的表型和基因型特征。
IF 1.3 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16302
Sharanya Krishnakumar, Abdul Azeez Mohamed Khalid, Jothipandian Sowndarya, Lakshmi Krishnasamy, Paramasivam Nithyanand

Background and objectives: Staphylococcal infections are one of the major infectious diseases affecting globally in spite of advances in development of antimicrobial agents. Knowledge and awareness about the local pattern and prevalence of MRSA infections plays a key role in treatment. The aim of this study was to identify MRSA strains by phenotypic and genotypic methods and to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of MRSA strains from patients attending a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and methods: This study was conducted over a period of 1 year, where 296 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from various clinical specimens. The isolated strains were examined for antibiotic susceptibility by the modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Methicillin resistance was detected by cefoxitin disk diffusion test.

Results: A total of 104 isolates were found to be MRSA and 192 were found to be MSSA. Among the 104 MRSA isolates, 10 strains that were multidrug resistant were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. All the 10 strains had a 99% match with S. aureus strains that were responsible for causing some serious biofilm mediated clinical manifestations like cystic fibrosis and device mediated infections. The biofilms were quantified using crystal violet staining and their ability to produce biofilms was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and matched with the Genbank.

Conclusion: Hence these phylogenetic analysis aid in treating the patients and combating resistance to antibiotics.

背景和目的:尽管抗菌药物的开发取得了进展,但葡萄球菌感染仍是影响全球的主要传染病之一。对当地 MRSA 感染模式和流行情况的了解和认识在治疗中起着关键作用。本研究旨在通过表型和基因型方法鉴定 MRSA 菌株,并分析三级医院就诊患者中 MRSA 菌株的抗生素敏感性模式:这项研究为期一年,从各种临床标本中分离出 296 株金黄色葡萄球菌。用改良柯比鲍尔盘扩散法检测分离菌株对抗生素的敏感性。通过头孢西丁盘扩散试验检测甲氧西林耐药性:结果:共发现 104 株 MRSA 分离物和 192 株 MSSA 分离物。在 104 株 MRSA 分离物中,对 10 株具有多重耐药性的菌株进行了 16S rRNA 基因测序分析。所有这 10 株菌株与金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的吻合率为 99%,而金黄色葡萄球菌是导致囊性纤维化和设备介导感染等一些严重的生物膜介导临床表现的罪魁祸首。利用水晶紫染色法对生物膜进行了定量分析,并利用扫描电子显微镜分析了它们产生生物膜的能力,结果与基因库中的数据进行了比对:因此,这些系统发育分析有助于治疗患者和对抗抗生素耐药性。
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引用次数: 0
Antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm forming ability of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from Jordanian patients with diabetic foot ulcer. 从约旦糖尿病足溃疡患者中分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌的抗生素敏感性和生物膜形成能力。
IF 1.3 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16303
Dima Owais, Rania M Al-Groom, Tareq Nayef AlRamadneh, Laila Alsawalha, Mohd Sajjad Ahmad Khan, Omar H Yousef, Shereen Z Burjaq

Background and objectives: Microbial biofilm is characterized by the irreversible attachment of planktonic cells to a surface and is usually associated with high antimicrobial resistance with worsening the wound healing. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) of diabetic patients and to investigate antibiotic susceptibility patterns of these isolates. In addition to screen biofilm forming ability of isolated S. aureus.

Materials and methods: A total of 112 non-healing wound swabs of diabetic foot patients were collected and cultured on different culture media to identify and characterize 98 isolates. The S. aureus isolates were examined for their antibiotic susceptibility to different antimicrobial agents. Furthermore, S. aureus isolates were evaluated for their biofilm production capability using the Tissue Culture Plate Method (TPC). The level of icaA gene expression was determined by RT-PCR.

Results: The results of this study showed that these non-healing wounds yield positive cultures, with an average of 1.67 organisms per sample. The isolates showed highest resistance against oxacillin (95.2%) and lowest resistance against linezolid (3.7%). All isolates were biofilm producers and a significant association with the icaA gene expression level was recorded.

Conclusion: This study showed that S. aureus isolates have a great ability to produce biofilms that are associated with the chronicity of wounds in diabetic patients. Routine screening for biofilm formers in chronic wounds and their antibiotic susceptibility testing will help in early treatment and prevent any other complications.

背景和目的:微生物生物膜的特点是浮游细胞不可逆转地附着在表面,通常与高抗菌药耐药性和伤口愈合恶化有关。本研究旨在确定糖尿病患者糖尿病足溃疡(DFU)中金黄色葡萄球菌的流行率,并调查这些分离物的抗生素敏感性模式。此外,还筛选分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌的生物膜形成能力:共收集了 112 份糖尿病足患者的非愈合伤口拭子,并在不同的培养基上进行培养,以鉴定 98 个分离菌株并确定其特征。对分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌进行了检测,以确定其对不同抗菌剂的抗生素敏感性。此外,还使用组织培养板法(TPC)评估了金黄色葡萄球菌分离物的生物膜生成能力。通过 RT-PCR 检测了 icaA 基因的表达水平:研究结果表明,这些非愈合伤口产生了阳性培养物,平均每个样本有 1.67 个微生物。分离菌株对奥沙西林的耐药性最高(95.2%),对利奈唑胺的耐药性最低(3.7%)。所有分离物都是生物膜生产者,且与 icaA 基因表达水平有显著关联:本研究表明,金黄色葡萄球菌分离株具有很强的生物膜生成能力,这与糖尿病患者伤口的慢性化有关。对慢性伤口中的生物膜形成者进行常规筛查和抗生素敏感性检测将有助于早期治疗和预防其他并发症。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of low concentrations of lactic acid and temperature on the expression of adhesion, invasion, and toxin-encoding genes of Campylobacter jejuni from poultry. 低浓度乳酸和温度对家禽空肠弯曲菌粘附、侵袭和毒素编码基因表达的影响。
IF 1.3 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16313
Aliakbar Jadidi, Abdolmajid Ghasemian, Abbas Abdollahi, Tannaz Abbasi-Dokht, Esmail Abdollahzadeh, Rasoul Baharlou

Background and objectives: The consumption of contaminated poultry meat is considered as a significant route of campylobacteriosis transmission. Lactic acid is a disinfectant agent with bactericidal effects on Campylobacter spp. The purpose of this study was to assess the low concentrations of lactic acid effect and different temperatures on the transcriptomic responses of Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) adhesion and virulence-associated genes including peb4, ciaB, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC.

Materials and methods: The samples were incubated at 10°C and 22°C for 48 h upon exposure to 30% and 60% lactic acid. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of lactic acid was also determined. Then, gene expression was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Results: Lactic acid had lower MIC and MBC levels at lower temperature. The utilization of both levels of lactic acid significantly reduced the expression of peb4, ciaB, cdtB, and cdtC genes over 48 h of incubation at 22°C. However, no significant difference was found in the expression of the cdtA gene between 10 and 22°C at 30% lactic acid.

Conclusion: These results highlight the potential of low-concentration lactic acid in the downregulation of adhesion and virulence-associated genes as well as reduction of C. jejuni pathogenicity.

背景和目的:食用受污染的禽肉被认为是弯曲杆菌病的重要传播途径。本研究的目的是评估低浓度乳酸效应和不同温度对空肠弯曲菌(C. jejuni)粘附和毒力相关基因(包括 peb4、ciaB、cttA、cttB 和 cdtC)转录组反应的影响:样品暴露于 30% 和 60% 乳酸后,分别在 10°C 和 22°C 下培养 48 小时。还测定了乳酸的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。然后,使用实时聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)评估基因表达:结果:乳酸在较低温度下的 MIC 和 MBC 水平较低。在 22°C 条件下培养 48 小时后,使用这两种浓度的乳酸都会显著降低 peb4、ciaB、cttB 和 cdtC 基因的表达量。然而,在 10 和 22 摄氏度、30% 乳酸条件下,cdtA 基因的表达量没有明显差异:这些结果凸显了低浓度乳酸在下调粘附和毒力相关基因以及降低空肠病菌致病性方面的潜力。
{"title":"Effect of low concentrations of lactic acid and temperature on the expression of adhesion, invasion, and toxin-encoding genes of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> from poultry.","authors":"Aliakbar Jadidi, Abdolmajid Ghasemian, Abbas Abdollahi, Tannaz Abbasi-Dokht, Esmail Abdollahzadeh, Rasoul Baharlou","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The consumption of contaminated poultry meat is considered as a significant route of campylobacteriosis transmission. Lactic acid is a disinfectant agent with bactericidal effects on <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. The purpose of this study was to assess the low concentrations of lactic acid effect and different temperatures on the transcriptomic responses of <i>Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni)</i> adhesion and virulence-associated genes including <i>peb4, ciaB, cdtA, cdtB,</i> and <i>cdtC</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The samples were incubated at 10°C and 22°C for 48 h upon exposure to 30% and 60% lactic acid. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of lactic acid was also determined. Then, gene expression was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lactic acid had lower MIC and MBC levels at lower temperature. The utilization of both levels of lactic acid significantly reduced the expression of <i>peb4, ciaB, cdtB,</i> and <i>cdtC</i> genes over 48 h of incubation at 22°C. However, no significant difference was found in the expression of the <i>cdtA</i> gene between 10 and 22°C at 30% lactic acid.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlight the potential of low-concentration lactic acid in the downregulation of adhesion and virulence-associated genes as well as reduction of <i>C. jejuni</i> pathogenicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11389772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification of fungal agents isolated from burn lesions using mycological and molecular methods in patients admitted to Velayat burn hospital in Rasht city during 2022-2023. 使用真菌学和分子方法鉴定 2022-2023 年期间拉什特市 Velayat 烧伤医院收治的烧伤病灶中分离出的真菌病原体。
IF 1.3 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16308
Pegah Ardi, Roshanak Daie Ghazvini, Seyed Jamal Hashemi, Mohammadreza Mobayen, Abolfazl Pourheidari, Sadegh Khodavaisy, Mahdi Abastabar, Zahra Rafat

Background and objectives: Fungal burn wound infections (FBWIs) are one of the most disastrous complications in burn patients. The present study investigated the incidence and the species distribution of fungal agents isolated from burn lesions and reviewed the feautures, underlying conditions, and outcomes of patients.

Materials and methods: The wounds were swabbed and cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar with chloramphenicol medium. Fungal identification was performed using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and beta-tubulin sequencing.

Results: A total of 380 swab specimens were obtained. Of these, 101 patients (26.75 %) were positive in culture. Among the 101 positive cases, most isolates were from males (n= 68, 67.33%) and most of them were over 30 years old. Flame (n=38, 37.63%) was the predominant cause of burns, and previous history of ICU admission (n=35, 34.66%), presence of central venous catheter (n=25, 24.75%), and diabetes mellitus (n=17, 16.83%) were the main underlying conditions. Candida parapsilosis complex (n=36, 35.64%), and Pichia kudriavzevii (C. krusei) (n=8, 7.92%) represent the most commonly isolated species Also, 2 out of 101 patients (2%) died.

Conclusion: In the present study, non-albicans Candida species were much higher frequent than C. albicans with most cases associated with Candida parapsilosis complex.

背景和目的:烧伤创面真菌感染(FBWIs)是烧伤患者最严重的并发症之一。本研究调查了从烧伤创面中分离出的真菌病原体的发生率和种类分布,并回顾了患者的特征、基本情况和预后:拭取伤口并在沙保露葡萄糖琼脂和氯霉素培养基上进行培养。使用内部转录间隔物(ITS)和 beta-tubulin测序法进行真菌鉴定:结果:共获得 380 份拭子标本。结果:共获得 380 份拭子标本,其中 101 名患者(26.75%)的培养结果呈阳性。在这 101 例阳性病例中,大多数分离株来自男性(68 例,占 67.33%),年龄大多在 30 岁以上。火焰(38 人,占 37.63%)是烧伤的主要原因,曾入住重症监护室(35 人,占 34.66%)、有中心静脉导管(25 人,占 24.75%)和糖尿病(17 人,占 16.83%)是主要的基础疾病。此外,101 名患者中有 2 人(2%)死亡:在本研究中,非白念珠菌属念珠菌的发病率远高于白念珠菌,大多数病例与副丝状念珠菌复合体有关。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing knowledge and awareness levels regarding cervical cancer and HPV vaccination in the Jammu regions. 评估查谟地区对宫颈癌和 HPV 疫苗接种的了解和认识水平。
IF 1.3 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16311
Ridhima Jasrotia, Isha Kashyap, Jyotsna Suri, Chirag Chopra, Atif Khurshid Wani, Nazli Tizro, Abhineet Goyal, Reena Singh

Background and objectives: Cervical cancer global burden is highly skewed towards poor countries primarily due to lack of awareness, poor screening, and low uptake of prophylactic vaccines. The purpose of our study is to educate and raise awareness among young girls and women about the importance of cervical screening and HPV vaccination.

Materials and methods: The present study, conducted from January 2023 to December 2023, focused on students, teachers, housewives, and healthcare professionals in the Jammu region to assess their awareness of cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine. HPV DNA testing was carried out using the Truenat Real-Time PCR method at Swastik Diagnostic Laboratory, Jammu.

Results: Knowledge of cervical cancer, awareness of the HPV virus, and the vaccination status of women were assessed in survey. In the HPV screening test, out of 2,400 women, 106 tested positive for HPV. Among these 106 women, 19% had a high viral load (Ct < 20), 11% had a low viral load (25 ≤ Ct < 30), indicating a low relative concentration of HPV viruses, 40% had a medium viral load (20 ≤ Ct < 25), and 30% had very low viral loads (Ct ≥ 30).

Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of routine cervical screenings, such as Pap smears and HPV tests, for the early detection of cervical cancer. There is an urgent need to implement cervical cancer screening and vaccination programs in the Jammu region.

背景和目标:宫颈癌的全球负担向贫穷国家严重倾斜,主要原因是缺乏认识、筛查不力以及预防性疫苗的接种率低。我们的研究旨在教育年轻女孩和妇女,提高她们对宫颈筛查和 HPV 疫苗接种重要性的认识:本研究于 2023 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月进行,主要针对查谟地区的学生、教师、家庭主妇和医疗保健专业人员,以评估他们对宫颈癌和 HPV 疫苗的认识。查谟 Swastik 诊断实验室使用 Truenat Real-Time PCR 方法进行了 HPV DNA 检测:结果:调查评估了妇女对宫颈癌的了解、对 HPV 病毒的认识以及疫苗接种情况。在 2 400 名妇女中,有 106 人在 HPV 筛查测试中呈阳性。在这 106 名妇女中,19% 的病毒载量较高(Ct < 20),11% 的病毒载量较低(25 ≤ Ct < 30),表明 HPV 病毒的相对浓度较低;40% 的病毒载量中等(20 ≤ Ct < 25),30% 的病毒载量很低(Ct ≥ 30):这些发现凸显了常规宫颈筛查(如巴氏涂片和人乳头瘤病毒检测)对早期发现宫颈癌的重要性。查谟地区迫切需要实施宫颈癌筛查和疫苗接种计划。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of eye flora in cats infected with Herpesvirus and Calicivirus. 调查感染疱疹病毒和钙化病毒的猫的眼部菌群。
IF 1.3 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16318
Mojtaba Mohammadzadeh Vazifeh, Gazelle Safavi Haas, Nakisa Sohrabi Haghdoost, Ghazal Aftab

Background and objectives: The ocular surface is perpetually exposed to the external environment, rendering it susceptible to microbial contamination. The ocular surface microbiota consists of non-pathogenic microorganisms that inhabit the conjunctiva and cornea. This study's objective was to extensively review the prevalence of bacterial and fungal organisms in the conjunctiva of healthy and diseased cats. (Herpes- and Calici-infected groups).

Materials and methods: The current study was performed on 240 cats that had visited veterinary health centers (Tehran, Iran) for examination. Sterile swabs from each cat's eyes were investigated for microbiological assessment. After sample collection, viral pathogens (Herpes and Calici viruses) were isolated and identified using the PCR method. The ages of the investigated group were 3.76, 3.93, and 4.15 months.

Results: The highest frequency of bacteria in the normal, Herpes-infected/Calici-infected, and Herpes/Calici-infected groups were associated with Staphylococcus intermedius and Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus intermedius, respectively. In addition, it was found that the high prevalence of fungal microorganisms in the isolated samples was related to yeasts, Aspergillus (Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger), and Penicillium species.

Conclusion: Bacterial prevalence was significantly higher in all groups than the prevalence of fungi in the eyes of cats. The statistical comparison between the study groups regarding microbial and fungal frequency showed that significant differences were found between them, such that the frequency was higher in all disease groups, against the control group. In addition, a significant relation was observed between the Herpes-infected and Calici-infected groups regarding microbial and fungal prevalence.

背景和目的:眼表长期暴露在外部环境中,很容易受到微生物的污染。眼表微生物群由栖息在结膜和角膜上的非致病性微生物组成。本研究的目的是广泛研究健康猫和患病猫(疱疹感染组和卡利奇感染组)结膜中细菌和真菌的流行情况:本次研究的对象是到兽医保健中心(伊朗德黑兰)接受检查的 240 只猫。对每只猫眼睛的无菌拭子进行微生物学评估。采集样本后,使用 PCR 方法分离并鉴定病毒病原体(疱疹病毒和卡里奇病毒)。调查组的年龄分别为 3.76 个月、3.93 个月和 4.15 个月:结果:正常组、疱疹病毒/卡利奇病毒感染组和疱疹病毒/卡利奇病毒感染组中细菌出现频率最高的分别是中间葡萄球菌和无乳链球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和中间葡萄球菌。此外,研究还发现,分离样本中真菌微生物的高流行率与酵母菌、曲霉菌(烟曲霉、黑曲霉)和青霉菌有关:结论:各组猫眼中细菌的流行率均明显高于真菌。对各研究组的微生物和真菌感染率进行统计比较后发现,它们之间存在显著差异,即所有疾病组的感染率均高于对照组。此外,疱疹感染组和卡利奇感染组在微生物和真菌感染率方面也存在明显的差异。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Mentha longifolia essential oil on oqxA efflux pump gene expression and biofilm formation in ciprofloxacin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. 长叶薄荷精油对耐环丙沙星肺炎克雷伯菌株中 oqxA 外排泵基因表达和生物膜形成的影响
IF 1.3 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16315
Shahriar Keyhani, Mohammad Yousef Alikhani, Amin Doosti-Irani, Leili Shokoohizadeh

Background and objectives: Today, medicinal plants and their derivatives are considered to reduce the prevalence of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Mentha longifolia essential oil on oqxA efflux pump gene expression and biofilm formation in ciprofloxacin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains.

Materials and methods: A total of 50 clinical strains of K. pneumoniae resistant to ciprofloxacin were studied. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of M. longifolia essential oil and its synergistic effect with ciprofloxacin were determined using the microbroth dilution method and the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) method. Minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) of M. longifolia essential oil was detected. The effect of essential oils on the expression level of the oqxA gene was detected by Real-time PCR.

Results: M. longifolia essential oil showed inhibitory activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of K. pneumoniae. When M. longifolia essential oil was combined with ciprofloxacin, the MIC was reduced 2-4 times. In 28% of the strains, M. longifolia with ciprofloxacin showed a synergistic effect. M. longifolia essential oil reduces the strength of biofilm formation and alters the biofilm phenotype. A significant decrease in oqxA gene expression was observed in all isolates after treatment with M. longifolia essential oil.

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it was observed that supplementing M. longifolia essential oil can help reduce ciprofloxacin resistance and inhibit biofilm formation in fluoroquinolone-resistant K. pneumoniae strains.

背景和目的:如今,药用植物及其衍生物被认为可以减少抗生素耐药性的流行。本研究旨在探讨长叶薄荷精油对环丙沙星耐药肺炎克雷伯菌株中 oqxA 外排泵基因表达和生物膜形成的影响:共研究了50株对环丙沙星耐药的肺炎克雷伯菌临床菌株。采用微流稀释法和分数抑制浓度法测定了龙脑香精油的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)及其与环丙沙星的协同作用。检测了 M. longifolia 精油的最小生物膜抑制浓度(MBIC)。通过实时 PCR 检测精油对 oqxA 基因表达水平的影响:结果:长叶木兰精油对耐环丙沙星的肺炎双球菌菌株具有抑制活性。当龙脑香精油与环丙沙星混合使用时,其 MIC 降低了 2-4 倍。在 28% 的菌株中,长叶木香精油与环丙沙星具有协同作用。长叶木兰精油可降低生物膜形成的强度并改变生物膜表型。用龙脑香叶精油处理后,所有分离物的 oqxA 基因表达量都明显下降:根据本研究的结果,补充长叶木兰精油有助于降低耐氟喹诺酮肺炎克氏菌菌株对环丙沙星的耐药性并抑制生物膜的形成。
{"title":"Effect of <i>Mentha longifolia</i> essential oil on <i>oqx</i>A efflux pump gene expression and biofilm formation in ciprofloxacin-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> strains.","authors":"Shahriar Keyhani, Mohammad Yousef Alikhani, Amin Doosti-Irani, Leili Shokoohizadeh","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Today, medicinal plants and their derivatives are considered to reduce the prevalence of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of <i>Mentha longifolia</i> essential oil on <i>oqx</i>A efflux pump gene expression and biofilm formation in ciprofloxacin-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> strains.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 50 clinical strains of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> resistant to ciprofloxacin were studied. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of <i>M. longifolia</i> essential oil and its synergistic effect with ciprofloxacin were determined using the microbroth dilution method and the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) method. Minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) of <i>M. longifolia</i> essential oil was detected. The effect of essential oils on the expression level of the <i>oqx</i>A gene was detected by Real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>M. longifolia</i> essential oil showed inhibitory activity against ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of <i>K. pneumoniae.</i> When <i>M. longifolia</i> essential oil was combined with ciprofloxacin, the MIC was reduced 2-4 times. In 28% of the strains, <i>M. longifolia</i> with ciprofloxacin showed a synergistic effect. <i>M. longifolia</i> essential oil reduces the strength of biofilm formation and alters the biofilm phenotype. A significant decrease in <i>oqx</i>A gene expression was observed in all isolates after treatment with <i>M. longifolia</i> essential oil.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results of this study, it was observed that supplementing <i>M. longifolia</i> essential oil can help reduce ciprofloxacin resistance and inhibit biofilm formation in fluoroquinolone-resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i> strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11389758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diagnostic evaluation of Tru-Nat MTB/Rif test in comparison with microscopy for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis at tertiary care hospital of eastern Uttar Pradesh. 在北方邦东部的三级医院中,Tru-Nat MTB/Rif 检测与显微镜检查在肺结核诊断中的比较诊断评估。
IF 1.3 Q4 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16305
Piyush Ranjan, Atul R Rukadikar, Vivek Hada, Aroop Mohanty, Parul Singh

Background and objectives: This study evaluated the efficacy of the TrueLab™ Real Time mini-PCR system in providing rapid and accurate diagnostic results for tuberculosis (TB) detection in India. The goal is to improve case detection and accelerate treatment in settings with limited resources.

Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted by the Department of Microbiology on 120 patients, age ranging from >=15 years with at least two clinical symptoms of pulmonary TB. Molbio and Universal Cartridge Based Sample Prep were the 2 methods used for processing sputum samples. The diagnosis was based on the MTB Real Time PCR test, which has a detection limit of 100 CFU/mL. Patients under 15 years, samples lacking clinical background, saliva specimens or extra-pulmonary TB cases were excluded from the study.

Results: A total of 44.17% samples were positive for TB with maximum positivity in the age group 31-45 years. Positivity rate was found to be higher in females. In 4.17% of cases there was rifampicin resistance, which was significantly high in previously treated cases. Comparison of Truenat with Ziehl-Neelsen and fluorescent method revealed that it was more sensitive and less time consuming.

Conclusion: Truenat MTB/RIF is a sensitive detection system for TB with rapid results, which serves as an important tool in the early management of tuberculosis patients and drug-resistant-TB cases.

背景和目的:本研究评估了 TrueLab™ 实时迷你 PCR 系统为印度结核病 (TB) 检测提供快速准确诊断结果的功效。目的是在资源有限的情况下改进病例检测并加快治疗:这项前瞻性研究是由微生物学系对 120 名年龄大于等于 15 岁、至少有两种肺结核临床症状的患者进行的。Molbio 和通用盒式样本制备是处理痰样本的两种方法。诊断基于 MTB 实时 PCR 检测,其检测限为 100 CFU/mL。研究排除了 15 岁以下患者、缺乏临床背景的样本、唾液样本或肺外结核病例:结果:共有 44.17% 的样本对结核病呈阳性反应,其中 31-45 岁年龄组的阳性率最高。女性的阳性率较高。4.17%的病例对利福平产生耐药性,这在之前接受过治疗的病例中明显较高。将 Truenat 与 Ziehl-Neelsen 和荧光法进行比较后发现,Truenat 更灵敏、更省时:结论:Truenat MTB/RIF 是一种灵敏、快速的结核病检测系统,是结核病患者和耐药结核病例早期管理的重要工具。
{"title":"Diagnostic evaluation of Tru-Nat MTB/Rif test in comparison with microscopy for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis at tertiary care hospital of eastern Uttar Pradesh.","authors":"Piyush Ranjan, Atul R Rukadikar, Vivek Hada, Aroop Mohanty, Parul Singh","doi":"10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the efficacy of the TrueLab™ Real Time mini-PCR system in providing rapid and accurate diagnostic results for tuberculosis (TB) detection in India. The goal is to improve case detection and accelerate treatment in settings with limited resources.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective study was conducted by the Department of Microbiology on 120 patients, age ranging from >=15 years with at least two clinical symptoms of pulmonary TB. Molbio and Universal Cartridge Based Sample Prep were the 2 methods used for processing sputum samples. The diagnosis was based on the MTB Real Time PCR test, which has a detection limit of 100 CFU/mL. Patients under 15 years, samples lacking clinical background, saliva specimens or extra-pulmonary TB cases were excluded from the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 44.17% samples were positive for TB with maximum positivity in the age group 31-45 years. Positivity rate was found to be higher in females. In 4.17% of cases there was rifampicin resistance, which was significantly high in previously treated cases. Comparison of Truenat with Ziehl-Neelsen and fluorescent method revealed that it was more sensitive and less time consuming.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Truenat MTB/RIF is a sensitive detection system for TB with rapid results, which serves as an important tool in the early management of tuberculosis patients and drug-resistant-TB cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14633,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11389762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Iranian Journal of Microbiology
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