Background: The modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) are indicators of nutritional status in cancer patients; however, the effects of baseline mGPS and PNI on the duration of administration of the ghrelin receptor agonist anamorelin, which is used to treat cachexia in patients with cancer, are unclear. This study aimed to clarify the association of mGPS and PNI with the duration of oral anamorelin administration for patients who did not have beneficial effects from anamorelin.
Methods: The attending physician determined the duration of oral anamorelin administration based on discontinuation due to cancer progression, poor efficacy, adverse events, or death.
Results: The 12-week continuation rate of oral anamorelin was 30.4%. Univariate analysis revealed that an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) of ≥2 (P < .001), concurrent chemotherapy (P = .002), albumin level (P = .005), C-reactive protein level (P = .013), and a mGPS of 2 (P = .014) were statistically significant predictors of the 12-week continuation rate of oral anamorelin. In the multivariate analysis, a mGPS of 2 remained a significant risk factor, and the ECOG-PS and concurrent chemotherapy had no effect on the association between the mGPS and 12-week continuation rate of oral anamorelin.
Conclusion: Patients with a mGPS of 2, compared with mGPS of 0 or 1, are less likely to maintain oral anamorelin therapy, regardless of the ECOG-PS or concurrent chemotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to consider initiating anamorelin administration at mGPS 0 or 1.
{"title":"Association of the modified Glasgow prognostic score and prognostic nutritional index with duration of oral anamorelin administration in patients with cancer cachexia: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Kazuma Fujita, Yumiko Akamine, Haruka Igarashi, Yayoi Fukushi, Katsuya Sasaki, Koji Fukuda, Masafumi Kikuchi, Hiroyuki Shibata","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae086","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) are indicators of nutritional status in cancer patients; however, the effects of baseline mGPS and PNI on the duration of administration of the ghrelin receptor agonist anamorelin, which is used to treat cachexia in patients with cancer, are unclear. This study aimed to clarify the association of mGPS and PNI with the duration of oral anamorelin administration for patients who did not have beneficial effects from anamorelin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The attending physician determined the duration of oral anamorelin administration based on discontinuation due to cancer progression, poor efficacy, adverse events, or death.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 12-week continuation rate of oral anamorelin was 30.4%. Univariate analysis revealed that an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) of ≥2 (P < .001), concurrent chemotherapy (P = .002), albumin level (P = .005), C-reactive protein level (P = .013), and a mGPS of 2 (P = .014) were statistically significant predictors of the 12-week continuation rate of oral anamorelin. In the multivariate analysis, a mGPS of 2 remained a significant risk factor, and the ECOG-PS and concurrent chemotherapy had no effect on the association between the mGPS and 12-week continuation rate of oral anamorelin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with a mGPS of 2, compared with mGPS of 0 or 1, are less likely to maintain oral anamorelin therapy, regardless of the ECOG-PS or concurrent chemotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to consider initiating anamorelin administration at mGPS 0 or 1.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1165-1170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Projection of the number of new lymphoma cases in the world.","authors":"Laureline Gatellier, Kayo Nakata","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae147","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1228-1229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Uneno, Masanori Mori, Junko Saito, Aki Otsuki, Aya Kuchiba, Naomi Sakurai, Naoki Nakaya, Maiko Fujimori, Taichi Shimazu
Background: The diversification of information sources and changes in social structures necessitates updates on the state of public awareness of palliative care. Therefore, we clarified the status and determinants of awareness, information sources, and beliefs, regarding palliative care in Japan.
Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional survey included 10 000 participants aged ≥20 years enrolled through random sampling using a two-stage stratification in 2023. We used a mailed self-administered questionnaire (INFORM Study 2023). The questionnaire items were selected (partially modified) from the Health Information National Trends Survey (USA) to ensure comparability, included palliative care awareness, information sources, and beliefs. Weighted logistic regression was conducted to explore the determinants of awareness.
Results: Of the 3452 participants that responded (response rate: 35.3%), 65.2% had palliative care awareness. The weighted logistic regression analysis revealed that respondents less likely to have any palliative care awareness were younger, were male, had limited education history, had lower household income, and were non-Internet users. Of these, sex had the clear association (adjusted odds ratio for female vs. male: 3.20 [95% CI: 2.66-3.85]). Across all age groups, healthcare professionals (58.5%) and the Internet (30.5%) were the most trusted source of information. Younger participants frequently received information online. Most participants believed that palliative care was beneficial, although 82.0% associated it with death.
Conclusions: The Japanese population had a relatively high palliative care awareness, with the majority trusting information from healthcare professionals rather than the Internet. Further efforts are warranted to address barriers to receiving trustworthy palliative care information.
{"title":"Awareness, information sources, and beliefs regarding palliative care in the general population in Japan: a nationwide cross-sectional survey (INFORM study 2023).","authors":"Yu Uneno, Masanori Mori, Junko Saito, Aki Otsuki, Aya Kuchiba, Naomi Sakurai, Naoki Nakaya, Maiko Fujimori, Taichi Shimazu","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae092","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The diversification of information sources and changes in social structures necessitates updates on the state of public awareness of palliative care. Therefore, we clarified the status and determinants of awareness, information sources, and beliefs, regarding palliative care in Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This nationwide cross-sectional survey included 10 000 participants aged ≥20 years enrolled through random sampling using a two-stage stratification in 2023. We used a mailed self-administered questionnaire (INFORM Study 2023). The questionnaire items were selected (partially modified) from the Health Information National Trends Survey (USA) to ensure comparability, included palliative care awareness, information sources, and beliefs. Weighted logistic regression was conducted to explore the determinants of awareness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 3452 participants that responded (response rate: 35.3%), 65.2% had palliative care awareness. The weighted logistic regression analysis revealed that respondents less likely to have any palliative care awareness were younger, were male, had limited education history, had lower household income, and were non-Internet users. Of these, sex had the clear association (adjusted odds ratio for female vs. male: 3.20 [95% CI: 2.66-3.85]). Across all age groups, healthcare professionals (58.5%) and the Internet (30.5%) were the most trusted source of information. Younger participants frequently received information online. Most participants believed that palliative care was beneficial, although 82.0% associated it with death.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Japanese population had a relatively high palliative care awareness, with the majority trusting information from healthcare professionals rather than the Internet. Further efforts are warranted to address barriers to receiving trustworthy palliative care information.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1171-1179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Two randomized trials demonstrated that the survival benefits afforded by triplet therapy were greater than those of doublet therapy, thus changing the treatment paradigm for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). This is the first study to assess the real-world use, performance, and safety of triplet therapy in Japanese patients.
Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included 45 consecutive mCSPC patients who received triplet therapy composed of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), docetaxel, and darolutamide between January 2023 and June 2024. Baseline patient characteristics and their clinical parameters during triplet therapy were collected. Adverse events (AEs) were graded using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0, and imaging responses were evaluated following the RECIST criteria. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir was defined as the lowest PSA value during follow-up, and the PSA decrease was the initial PSA value minus the PSA nadir.
Results: The median patient age was 70 years and the median follow-up duration was 10 months. High-volume disease was present in 82.2% of patients. Concurrent administration of docetaxel and darolutamide was scheduled for 22.2% of cases. The incidence of any AE was 86.7%, with 55.5% of patients experiencing grade 3-4 AEs. Neutropenia was common, but prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) significantly reduced the incidence of neutropenia of grade 3 or higher. Febrile neutropenia occurred in four patients (8.9%); these patients had not received prophylactic G-CSF. A decline in PSA of 90% was observed in 95.6% of patients, and an imaging response was seen in 97.8%.
Conclusions: Triplet therapy with ADT, darolutamide, and docetaxel was highly efficacious and tolerable in Japanese mCSPC patients, particularly those with high-volume disease. Prophylactic G-CSF prescription is crucial to manage neutropenia effectively. Further studies with longer follow-ups are needed to confirm these findings and explore the long-term outcomes.
{"title":"Real-world evidence of triplet therapy efficacy in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: a Japanese multicenter study.","authors":"Fumihiko Urabe, Yu Imai, Yuma Goto, Kojiro Tashiro, Masaki Hashimoto, Kentaro Yoshihara, Shutaro Yamamoto, Shuhei Hara, Keiichiro Miyajima, Wataru Fukuokaya, Yuki Enei, Kosuke Iwatani, Sotaro Kayano, Taro Igarashi, Koichi Aikawa, Takafumi Yanagisawa, Shoji Kimura, Shunsuke Tsuzuki, Masaya Murakami, Kenichi Hata, Tatsuya Shimomura, Hiroki Yamada, Jun Miki, Takahiro Kimura","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae098","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Two randomized trials demonstrated that the survival benefits afforded by triplet therapy were greater than those of doublet therapy, thus changing the treatment paradigm for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). This is the first study to assess the real-world use, performance, and safety of triplet therapy in Japanese patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective multicenter study included 45 consecutive mCSPC patients who received triplet therapy composed of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), docetaxel, and darolutamide between January 2023 and June 2024. Baseline patient characteristics and their clinical parameters during triplet therapy were collected. Adverse events (AEs) were graded using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0, and imaging responses were evaluated following the RECIST criteria. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) nadir was defined as the lowest PSA value during follow-up, and the PSA decrease was the initial PSA value minus the PSA nadir.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median patient age was 70 years and the median follow-up duration was 10 months. High-volume disease was present in 82.2% of patients. Concurrent administration of docetaxel and darolutamide was scheduled for 22.2% of cases. The incidence of any AE was 86.7%, with 55.5% of patients experiencing grade 3-4 AEs. Neutropenia was common, but prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) significantly reduced the incidence of neutropenia of grade 3 or higher. Febrile neutropenia occurred in four patients (8.9%); these patients had not received prophylactic G-CSF. A decline in PSA of 90% was observed in 95.6% of patients, and an imaging response was seen in 97.8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Triplet therapy with ADT, darolutamide, and docetaxel was highly efficacious and tolerable in Japanese mCSPC patients, particularly those with high-volume disease. Prophylactic G-CSF prescription is crucial to manage neutropenia effectively. Further studies with longer follow-ups are needed to confirm these findings and explore the long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1208-1213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Proton beams deposit energy along their path, abruptly stopping and generating various radioactive particles, including positrons, along their trajectory. In comparison with traditional proton beam therapy, scanning proton beam therapy is effective in delivering proton beams to irregularly shaped tumors, reducing excessive radiation exposure to the alimentary tract during the treatment of liver cancer.
Methods: In this study, we utilized positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging to assess the total amount of radiation to the alimentary tract during liver cancer treatment with proton beam therapy, involving the administration of complex irradiation in 13 patients.
Results: This approach resulted in the prevention of excess radiation. The planned radiation restraint doses for the colon exhibited a significant correlation with the PET values of the colon (correlation coefficient 0.8384, P = .0003). Likewise, the scheduled radiation restraint doses for the gastroduodenum were correlated with the PET values of the gastroduodenum (correlation coefficient 0.5397, P = .0569).
Conclusions: PET/CT conducted after proton beam therapy is useful for evaluating excess radiation in the alimentary tract. Proton beam therapy in liver cancer, assessed via PET/CT, effectively reduced alimentary tract radiation, which is vital for optimizing treatments and preventing excess exposure.
背景:质子束沿其轨迹沉积能量,突然停止并产生各种放射性粒子,包括正电子。与传统的质子束疗法相比,扫描质子束疗法能有效地将质子束投射到形状不规则的肿瘤上,减少肝癌治疗过程中消化道受到的过量辐射:在这项研究中,我们利用正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描(PET/CT)成像技术评估了13名患者在接受质子束疗法治疗肝癌期间消化道所受的辐射总量,其中包括复合照射:结果:这一方法避免了过量辐射。结肠的计划限制辐射剂量与结肠 PET 值有显著相关性(相关系数 0.8384,P = 0.0003)。同样,胃十二指肠的计划辐射抑制剂量与胃十二指肠的 PET 值也有相关性(相关系数 0.5397,P = .0569):结论:质子束治疗后进行的 PET/CT 可用于评估消化道的过量辐射。通过 PET/CT 评估肝癌质子束治疗可有效减少消化道辐射,这对优化治疗和防止辐射过量至关重要。
{"title":"Assessing alimentary tract radiation in liver cancer treatment with proton beam therapy: a PET/CT imaging study.","authors":"Sachika Shiraishi, Masashi Yamanaka, Shintaro Shiba, Koichi Tokuuye","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae085","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proton beams deposit energy along their path, abruptly stopping and generating various radioactive particles, including positrons, along their trajectory. In comparison with traditional proton beam therapy, scanning proton beam therapy is effective in delivering proton beams to irregularly shaped tumors, reducing excessive radiation exposure to the alimentary tract during the treatment of liver cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we utilized positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging to assess the total amount of radiation to the alimentary tract during liver cancer treatment with proton beam therapy, involving the administration of complex irradiation in 13 patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This approach resulted in the prevention of excess radiation. The planned radiation restraint doses for the colon exhibited a significant correlation with the PET values of the colon (correlation coefficient 0.8384, P = .0003). Likewise, the scheduled radiation restraint doses for the gastroduodenum were correlated with the PET values of the gastroduodenum (correlation coefficient 0.5397, P = .0569).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PET/CT conducted after proton beam therapy is useful for evaluating excess radiation in the alimentary tract. Proton beam therapy in liver cancer, assessed via PET/CT, effectively reduced alimentary tract radiation, which is vital for optimizing treatments and preventing excess exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1180-1184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Enfortumab vedotin (EV) was approved for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) who progressed after anticancer therapy on September 2021 in Japan. The association between the occurrence of EV-related side effects and clinical outcome remains to be elucidated.
Methods: We identified 97 mUC patients treated with EV therapy at our five institutions from the date of approval to March 2023. The median follow-up period was 7.0 months. We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of EV.
Results: The median age of the patients was 71 years old, 39% had PS of 1 or more, and 56.7% had primary tumor in upper urinary tract. Overall response rate (ORR) to EV therapy, median progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were 43.3%, 7.52 months, and 12.78 months, respectively. Any grade of treatment-related skin disorder, dysgeusia, peripheral neuropathy, gastrointestinal disorder, and hyperglycemia occurred in 61 (62.9%), 36 (37.1%), 34 (35.1%), 29 (29.9%), and 18 (18.6%) patients, respectively. The patients with EV-associated peripheral neuropathy had significantly higher ORR (58.8% vs. 34.9%, P = .032) and longer median PFS (8.05 vs. 6.31 months, P = .017) and OS (not reached vs. 11.57 months, P = .008, respectively) than those without. The occurrence of peripheral neuropathy after EV treatment and the presence of peritoneal dissemination were factors independently associated with PFS (hazard ratio = 0.46, P = .008 and hazard raito = 3.83, P = .004, respectively) and OS (hazard ratio = 0.30, P = .005 and hazard raito = 4.53, P = .002, respectively).
Conclusions: The occurrence of EV-related peripheral neuropathy might be associated with the efficacy of EV therapy in mUC patients.
背景:日本于2021年9月批准恩福单抗维多汀(EV)用于抗癌治疗后病情进展的转移性尿路上皮癌(mUC)患者。EV相关副作用的发生与临床结果之间的关系仍有待阐明:我们确定了自批准之日起至 2023 年 3 月在我们的五家机构接受 EV 治疗的 97 例 mUC 患者。中位随访时间为 7.0 个月。我们对 EV 的疗效和安全性进行了回顾性分析:患者的中位年龄为 71 岁,39% 的患者 PS 值为 1 或以上,56.7% 的患者原发肿瘤位于上尿路。EV治疗总反应率(ORR)、中位无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)分别为43.3%、7.52个月和12.78个月。61例(62.9%)、36例(37.1%)、34例(35.1%)、29例(29.9%)和18例(18.6%)患者分别出现了任何级别的治疗相关皮肤病、口腔溃疡、周围神经病变、胃肠功能紊乱和高血糖。EV相关周围神经病变患者的ORR(58.8% vs. 34.9%,P = .032)显著高于无EV相关周围神经病变患者,中位PFS(8.05个月 vs. 6.31个月,P = .017)和OS(未达标 vs. 11.57个月,P = .008)分别长于无EV相关周围神经病变患者。EV治疗后发生周围神经病变和出现腹膜播散是与PFS(危险比分别为0.46,P = .008和Hazard raito = 3.83,P = .004)和OS(危险比分别为0.30,P = .005和Hazard raito = 4.53,P = .002)独立相关的因素:结论:EV相关周围神经病变的发生可能与MUC患者的EV疗效有关。
{"title":"Association between response to enfortumab vedotin and peripheral neuropathy in urothelial carcinoma patients: a multicenter retrospective study.","authors":"Nozomi Hayakawa, Eiji Kikuchi, Go Kaneko, Ryo Yamashita, Daiki Ikarashi, Yuki Endo, Kimitsugu Usui, Wataru Obara, Masafumi Oyama, Yukihiro Kondo","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae082","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Enfortumab vedotin (EV) was approved for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) who progressed after anticancer therapy on September 2021 in Japan. The association between the occurrence of EV-related side effects and clinical outcome remains to be elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified 97 mUC patients treated with EV therapy at our five institutions from the date of approval to March 2023. The median follow-up period was 7.0 months. We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of EV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of the patients was 71 years old, 39% had PS of 1 or more, and 56.7% had primary tumor in upper urinary tract. Overall response rate (ORR) to EV therapy, median progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were 43.3%, 7.52 months, and 12.78 months, respectively. Any grade of treatment-related skin disorder, dysgeusia, peripheral neuropathy, gastrointestinal disorder, and hyperglycemia occurred in 61 (62.9%), 36 (37.1%), 34 (35.1%), 29 (29.9%), and 18 (18.6%) patients, respectively. The patients with EV-associated peripheral neuropathy had significantly higher ORR (58.8% vs. 34.9%, P = .032) and longer median PFS (8.05 vs. 6.31 months, P = .017) and OS (not reached vs. 11.57 months, P = .008, respectively) than those without. The occurrence of peripheral neuropathy after EV treatment and the presence of peritoneal dissemination were factors independently associated with PFS (hazard ratio = 0.46, P = .008 and hazard raito = 3.83, P = .004, respectively) and OS (hazard ratio = 0.30, P = .005 and hazard raito = 4.53, P = .002, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The occurrence of EV-related peripheral neuropathy might be associated with the efficacy of EV therapy in mUC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1194-1200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Riken Kawachi, Tetsuya Okano, Nobuyasu Awano, Masaru Matsumoto, Jun Hosokawa, Atsushi Takita, Mari S Oba, Hideo Kunitoh
The relationship between lung cancer surgery and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Japan has not been elucidated. This was a post hoc analysis of the Cancer-VTE Registry. The 1057 patients who underwent surgery for lung cancer were divided into the surgery alone (SA) group (n = 598) and the surgery plus chemotherapy (SC) group (n = 459), and the 1-year incidences of VTE and cerebral ischemia were analyzed. In the SA and SC groups, composite VTE was observed in one (0.2%) and 15 (3.3%) patients, respectively, and cerebral ischemia was observed in eight (1.3%) and four (0.9%) patients, respectively. Lymph node metastasis was more common in patients with D-dimer >1.2 μg/ml (odds ratio: 1.781, P = .004). SA had a low risk of VTE but a high risk of cerebral ischemia. Chemotherapy increases the risk of VTE. The D-dimer level was related to VTE and advanced cancer.
{"title":"Venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer: a post hoc analysis of the Cancer-VTE Registry.","authors":"Riken Kawachi, Tetsuya Okano, Nobuyasu Awano, Masaru Matsumoto, Jun Hosokawa, Atsushi Takita, Mari S Oba, Hideo Kunitoh","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae090","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between lung cancer surgery and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Japan has not been elucidated. This was a post hoc analysis of the Cancer-VTE Registry. The 1057 patients who underwent surgery for lung cancer were divided into the surgery alone (SA) group (n = 598) and the surgery plus chemotherapy (SC) group (n = 459), and the 1-year incidences of VTE and cerebral ischemia were analyzed. In the SA and SC groups, composite VTE was observed in one (0.2%) and 15 (3.3%) patients, respectively, and cerebral ischemia was observed in eight (1.3%) and four (0.9%) patients, respectively. Lymph node metastasis was more common in patients with D-dimer >1.2 μg/ml (odds ratio: 1.781, P = .004). SA had a low risk of VTE but a high risk of cerebral ischemia. Chemotherapy increases the risk of VTE. The D-dimer level was related to VTE and advanced cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1219-1223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seiji Tsuruta, Dai Ogata, Kenjiro Namikawa, Eiji Nakano, Naoya Yamazaki
Cutaneous apocrine carcinoma is a rare skin cancer arising from apocrine sweat glands. Disease-specific treatments are required for cutaneous adnexal carcinomas due to their heterogeneous treatment responsiveness. This review reports on the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathological features, surgical management, and use of systemic therapies for cutaneous apocrine carcinoma. Diagnosing cutaneous apocrine carcinoma requires presenting with distinctive pathological features and excluding metastatic adenocarcinomas, particularly breast cancer. Clinical findings are essential to exclude metastatic adenocarcinomas, and immunohistochemistry can be used as an adjunctive tool to rule out other diseases. Wide local excision is the standard treatment for resectable cutaneous apocrine carcinomas. Prophylactic lymphadenectomy should be considered as a treatment option given the high incidence of lymph node metastasis. Generally, cutaneous apocrine carcinomas are resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy; however, adjuvant radiotherapy is recommended for high-risk patients. Radiation or systemic therapy is administered to patients with distant metastases or recurrence. The systemic therapeutic options include cytotoxic chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Given the lack of data on clinical prognosis and standardized treatments, further studies are needed to improve our understanding of cutaneous apocrine carcinomas.
{"title":"A review of cutaneous apocrine carcinoma: epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options.","authors":"Seiji Tsuruta, Dai Ogata, Kenjiro Namikawa, Eiji Nakano, Naoya Yamazaki","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae103","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutaneous apocrine carcinoma is a rare skin cancer arising from apocrine sweat glands. Disease-specific treatments are required for cutaneous adnexal carcinomas due to their heterogeneous treatment responsiveness. This review reports on the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathological features, surgical management, and use of systemic therapies for cutaneous apocrine carcinoma. Diagnosing cutaneous apocrine carcinoma requires presenting with distinctive pathological features and excluding metastatic adenocarcinomas, particularly breast cancer. Clinical findings are essential to exclude metastatic adenocarcinomas, and immunohistochemistry can be used as an adjunctive tool to rule out other diseases. Wide local excision is the standard treatment for resectable cutaneous apocrine carcinomas. Prophylactic lymphadenectomy should be considered as a treatment option given the high incidence of lymph node metastasis. Generally, cutaneous apocrine carcinomas are resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy; however, adjuvant radiotherapy is recommended for high-risk patients. Radiation or systemic therapy is administered to patients with distant metastases or recurrence. The systemic therapeutic options include cytotoxic chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Given the lack of data on clinical prognosis and standardized treatments, further studies are needed to improve our understanding of cutaneous apocrine carcinomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1135-1140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongfang Lu, Xiaolin Chen, Yanmin Mu, Lingxiao Kong, Ling Zhang, Juan Li
Background: Research waste is a considerable problem in clinical trials, with nonpublication being a significant contributor. We aimed to determine the prevalence of discontinuation and nonpublication of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on cervical cancer or precancer.
Methods: We searched ClinicalTrials.gov for registered RCTs investigating cervical cancer or precancer that started between January 2000 and December 2020. The primary and secondary outcomes were trial nonpublication and premature discontinuation, respectively. Publication status was determined by systematic searches of peer-reviewed journals using the PubMed and Scopus databases.
Results: A total of 113 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Among the 85 trials completed before December 2020, 44 (51.8%) were prematurely discontinued and 40 (47.1%) were unpublished. A single-center design (61.4% vs. 34.1%, P = .012) and lack of external funding (59.1% vs. 36.6%, P = .038) were significantly associated with trial discontinuation. Large-scale (target sample size >400; 46.7% vs. 17.5%, P = .004) and externally funded trials (66.7% vs. 35.0%, P = .004) were more likely to be published. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that a large sample size [odd ratio (OR): 4.125, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.511-11.259, P = .006] and presence of external funding (OR: 3.714, 95% CI: 1.513-9.117, P = .004) were independent positive factors for trial publication.
Conclusion: A significant proportion of RCTs related to cervical cancer or precancer were discontinued early or remain unpublished, resulting in a waste of research resources.
背景:在临床试验中,研究浪费是一个相当大的问题,而未公开是其中一个重要原因。我们旨在确定有关宫颈癌或癌前病变的随机对照试验(RCT)终止和未公开的普遍程度:我们在 ClinicalTrials.gov 上搜索了 2000 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月间开始的研究宫颈癌或癌前病变的注册 RCT。主要和次要结果分别为试验未发表和过早终止。通过使用 PubMed 和 Scopus 数据库对同行评审期刊进行系统检索来确定发表情况:共有 113 项研究性试验符合纳入标准。在2020年12月之前完成的85项试验中,有44项(51.8%)提前终止,40项(47.1%)未发表。单中心设计(61.4% vs. 34.1%,P = .012)和缺乏外部资助(59.1% vs. 36.6%,P = .038)与试验中止有显著相关性。大规模试验(目标样本量大于400;46.7% vs. 17.5%,P = .004)和外部资助试验(66.7% vs. 35.0%,P = .004)更有可能发表。多变量逻辑分析显示,样本量大[奇数比(OR):4.125,95% 置信区间(CI):1.511-11.259,P = .006]和有外部资助(OR:3.714,95% CI:1.513-9.117,P = .004)是试验发表的独立积极因素:结论:相当一部分与宫颈癌或癌前病变有关的研究性试验提前终止或仍未发表,造成了研究资源的浪费。
{"title":"Discontinuation and non-publication of randomized controlled trials on cervical cancer or precancer.","authors":"Dongfang Lu, Xiaolin Chen, Yanmin Mu, Lingxiao Kong, Ling Zhang, Juan Li","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae096","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research waste is a considerable problem in clinical trials, with nonpublication being a significant contributor. We aimed to determine the prevalence of discontinuation and nonpublication of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on cervical cancer or precancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched ClinicalTrials.gov for registered RCTs investigating cervical cancer or precancer that started between January 2000 and December 2020. The primary and secondary outcomes were trial nonpublication and premature discontinuation, respectively. Publication status was determined by systematic searches of peer-reviewed journals using the PubMed and Scopus databases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 113 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Among the 85 trials completed before December 2020, 44 (51.8%) were prematurely discontinued and 40 (47.1%) were unpublished. A single-center design (61.4% vs. 34.1%, P = .012) and lack of external funding (59.1% vs. 36.6%, P = .038) were significantly associated with trial discontinuation. Large-scale (target sample size >400; 46.7% vs. 17.5%, P = .004) and externally funded trials (66.7% vs. 35.0%, P = .004) were more likely to be published. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that a large sample size [odd ratio (OR): 4.125, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.511-11.259, P = .006] and presence of external funding (OR: 3.714, 95% CI: 1.513-9.117, P = .004) were independent positive factors for trial publication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant proportion of RCTs related to cervical cancer or precancer were discontinued early or remain unpublished, resulting in a waste of research resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1141-1149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}