Background: Proton beams deposit energy along their path, abruptly stopping and generating various radioactive particles, including positrons, along their trajectory. In comparison with traditional proton beam therapy, scanning proton beam therapy is effective in delivering proton beams to irregularly shaped tumors, reducing excessive radiation exposure to the alimentary tract during the treatment of liver cancer.
Methods: In this study, we utilized positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging to assess the total amount of radiation to the alimentary tract during liver cancer treatment with proton beam therapy, involving the administration of complex irradiation in 13 patients.
Results: This approach resulted in the prevention of excess radiation. The planned radiation restraint doses for the colon exhibited a significant correlation with the PET values of the colon (correlation coefficient 0.8384, P = .0003). Likewise, the scheduled radiation restraint doses for the gastroduodenum were correlated with the PET values of the gastroduodenum (correlation coefficient 0.5397, P = .0569).
Conclusions: PET/CT conducted after proton beam therapy is useful for evaluating excess radiation in the alimentary tract. Proton beam therapy in liver cancer, assessed via PET/CT, effectively reduced alimentary tract radiation, which is vital for optimizing treatments and preventing excess exposure.
背景:质子束沿其轨迹沉积能量,突然停止并产生各种放射性粒子,包括正电子。与传统的质子束疗法相比,扫描质子束疗法能有效地将质子束投射到形状不规则的肿瘤上,减少肝癌治疗过程中消化道受到的过量辐射:在这项研究中,我们利用正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描(PET/CT)成像技术评估了13名患者在接受质子束疗法治疗肝癌期间消化道所受的辐射总量,其中包括复合照射:结果:这一方法避免了过量辐射。结肠的计划限制辐射剂量与结肠 PET 值有显著相关性(相关系数 0.8384,P = 0.0003)。同样,胃十二指肠的计划辐射抑制剂量与胃十二指肠的 PET 值也有相关性(相关系数 0.5397,P = .0569):结论:质子束治疗后进行的 PET/CT 可用于评估消化道的过量辐射。通过 PET/CT 评估肝癌质子束治疗可有效减少消化道辐射,这对优化治疗和防止辐射过量至关重要。
{"title":"Assessing alimentary tract radiation in liver cancer treatment with proton beam therapy: a PET/CT imaging study.","authors":"Sachika Shiraishi, Masashi Yamanaka, Shintaro Shiba, Koichi Tokuuye","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae085","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proton beams deposit energy along their path, abruptly stopping and generating various radioactive particles, including positrons, along their trajectory. In comparison with traditional proton beam therapy, scanning proton beam therapy is effective in delivering proton beams to irregularly shaped tumors, reducing excessive radiation exposure to the alimentary tract during the treatment of liver cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we utilized positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging to assess the total amount of radiation to the alimentary tract during liver cancer treatment with proton beam therapy, involving the administration of complex irradiation in 13 patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This approach resulted in the prevention of excess radiation. The planned radiation restraint doses for the colon exhibited a significant correlation with the PET values of the colon (correlation coefficient 0.8384, P = .0003). Likewise, the scheduled radiation restraint doses for the gastroduodenum were correlated with the PET values of the gastroduodenum (correlation coefficient 0.5397, P = .0569).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PET/CT conducted after proton beam therapy is useful for evaluating excess radiation in the alimentary tract. Proton beam therapy in liver cancer, assessed via PET/CT, effectively reduced alimentary tract radiation, which is vital for optimizing treatments and preventing excess exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongfang Lu, Xiaolin Chen, Yanmin Mu, Lingxiao Kong, Ling Zhang, Juan Li
Background: Research waste is a considerable problem in clinical trials, with nonpublication being a significant contributor. We aimed to determine the prevalence of discontinuation and nonpublication of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on cervical cancer or precancer.
Methods: We searched ClinicalTrials.gov for registered RCTs investigating cervical cancer or precancer that started between January 2000 and December 2020. The primary and secondary outcomes were trial nonpublication and premature discontinuation, respectively. Publication status was determined by systematic searches of peer-reviewed journals using the PubMed and Scopus databases.
Results: A total of 113 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Among the 85 trials completed before December 2020, 44 (51.8%) were prematurely discontinued and 40 (47.1%) were unpublished. A single-center design (61.4% vs. 34.1%, P = .012) and lack of external funding (59.1% vs. 36.6%, P = .038) were significantly associated with trial discontinuation. Large-scale (target sample size >400; 46.7% vs. 17.5%, P = .004) and externally funded trials (66.7% vs. 35.0%, P = .004) were more likely to be published. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that a large sample size [odd ratio (OR): 4.125, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.511-11.259, P = .006] and presence of external funding (OR: 3.714, 95% CI: 1.513-9.117, P = .004) were independent positive factors for trial publication.
Conclusion: A significant proportion of RCTs related to cervical cancer or precancer were discontinued early or remain unpublished, resulting in a waste of research resources.
背景:在临床试验中,研究浪费是一个相当大的问题,而未公开是其中一个重要原因。我们旨在确定有关宫颈癌或癌前病变的随机对照试验(RCT)终止和未公开的普遍程度:我们在 ClinicalTrials.gov 上搜索了 2000 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月间开始的研究宫颈癌或癌前病变的注册 RCT。主要和次要结果分别为试验未发表和过早终止。通过使用 PubMed 和 Scopus 数据库对同行评审期刊进行系统检索来确定发表情况:共有 113 项研究性试验符合纳入标准。在2020年12月之前完成的85项试验中,有44项(51.8%)提前终止,40项(47.1%)未发表。单中心设计(61.4% vs. 34.1%,P = .012)和缺乏外部资助(59.1% vs. 36.6%,P = .038)与试验中止有显著相关性。大规模试验(目标样本量大于400;46.7% vs. 17.5%,P = .004)和外部资助试验(66.7% vs. 35.0%,P = .004)更有可能发表。多变量逻辑分析显示,样本量大[奇数比(OR):4.125,95% 置信区间(CI):1.511-11.259,P = .006]和有外部资助(OR:3.714,95% CI:1.513-9.117,P = .004)是试验发表的独立积极因素:结论:相当一部分与宫颈癌或癌前病变有关的研究性试验提前终止或仍未发表,造成了研究资源的浪费。
{"title":"Discontinuation and non-publication of randomized controlled trials on cervical cancer or precancer.","authors":"Dongfang Lu, Xiaolin Chen, Yanmin Mu, Lingxiao Kong, Ling Zhang, Juan Li","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae096","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research waste is a considerable problem in clinical trials, with nonpublication being a significant contributor. We aimed to determine the prevalence of discontinuation and nonpublication of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on cervical cancer or precancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched ClinicalTrials.gov for registered RCTs investigating cervical cancer or precancer that started between January 2000 and December 2020. The primary and secondary outcomes were trial nonpublication and premature discontinuation, respectively. Publication status was determined by systematic searches of peer-reviewed journals using the PubMed and Scopus databases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 113 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Among the 85 trials completed before December 2020, 44 (51.8%) were prematurely discontinued and 40 (47.1%) were unpublished. A single-center design (61.4% vs. 34.1%, P = .012) and lack of external funding (59.1% vs. 36.6%, P = .038) were significantly associated with trial discontinuation. Large-scale (target sample size >400; 46.7% vs. 17.5%, P = .004) and externally funded trials (66.7% vs. 35.0%, P = .004) were more likely to be published. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that a large sample size [odd ratio (OR): 4.125, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.511-11.259, P = .006] and presence of external funding (OR: 3.714, 95% CI: 1.513-9.117, P = .004) were independent positive factors for trial publication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant proportion of RCTs related to cervical cancer or precancer were discontinued early or remain unpublished, resulting in a waste of research resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seiji Tsuruta, Dai Ogata, Kenjiro Namikawa, Eiji Nakano, Naoya Yamazaki
Cutaneous apocrine carcinoma is a rare skin cancer arising from apocrine sweat glands. Disease-specific treatments are required for cutaneous adnexal carcinomas due to their heterogeneous treatment responsiveness. This review reports on the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathological features, surgical management, and use of systemic therapies for cutaneous apocrine carcinoma. Diagnosing cutaneous apocrine carcinoma requires presenting with distinctive pathological features and excluding metastatic adenocarcinomas, particularly breast cancer. Clinical findings are essential to exclude metastatic adenocarcinomas, and immunohistochemistry can be used as an adjunctive tool to rule out other diseases. Wide local excision is the standard treatment for resectable cutaneous apocrine carcinomas. Prophylactic lymphadenectomy should be considered as a treatment option given the high incidence of lymph node metastasis. Generally, cutaneous apocrine carcinomas are resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy; however, adjuvant radiotherapy is recommended for high-risk patients. Radiation or systemic therapy is administered to patients with distant metastases or recurrence. The systemic therapeutic options include cytotoxic chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Given the lack of data on clinical prognosis and standardized treatments, further studies are needed to improve our understanding of cutaneous apocrine carcinomas.
{"title":"A review of cutaneous apocrine carcinoma: epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options.","authors":"Seiji Tsuruta, Dai Ogata, Kenjiro Namikawa, Eiji Nakano, Naoya Yamazaki","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae103","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutaneous apocrine carcinoma is a rare skin cancer arising from apocrine sweat glands. Disease-specific treatments are required for cutaneous adnexal carcinomas due to their heterogeneous treatment responsiveness. This review reports on the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathological features, surgical management, and use of systemic therapies for cutaneous apocrine carcinoma. Diagnosing cutaneous apocrine carcinoma requires presenting with distinctive pathological features and excluding metastatic adenocarcinomas, particularly breast cancer. Clinical findings are essential to exclude metastatic adenocarcinomas, and immunohistochemistry can be used as an adjunctive tool to rule out other diseases. Wide local excision is the standard treatment for resectable cutaneous apocrine carcinomas. Prophylactic lymphadenectomy should be considered as a treatment option given the high incidence of lymph node metastasis. Generally, cutaneous apocrine carcinomas are resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy; however, adjuvant radiotherapy is recommended for high-risk patients. Radiation or systemic therapy is administered to patients with distant metastases or recurrence. The systemic therapeutic options include cytotoxic chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Given the lack of data on clinical prognosis and standardized treatments, further studies are needed to improve our understanding of cutaneous apocrine carcinomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Riken Kawachi, Tetsuya Okano, Nobuyasu Awano, Masaru Matsumoto, Jun Hosokawa, Atsushi Takita, Mari S Oba, Hideo Kunitoh
The relationship between lung cancer surgery and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Japan has not been elucidated. This was a post hoc analysis of the Cancer-VTE Registry. The 1057 patients who underwent surgery for lung cancer were divided into the surgery alone (SA) group (n = 598) and the surgery plus chemotherapy (SC) group (n = 459), and the 1-year incidences of VTE and cerebral ischemia were analyzed. In the SA and SC groups, composite VTE was observed in one (0.2%) and 15 (3.3%) patients, respectively, and cerebral ischemia was observed in eight (1.3%) and four (0.9%) patients, respectively. Lymph node metastasis was more common in patients with D-dimer >1.2 μg/ml (odds ratio: 1.781, P = .004). SA had a low risk of VTE but a high risk of cerebral ischemia. Chemotherapy increases the risk of VTE. The D-dimer level was related to VTE and advanced cancer.
{"title":"Venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer: a post hoc analysis of the Cancer-VTE Registry.","authors":"Riken Kawachi, Tetsuya Okano, Nobuyasu Awano, Masaru Matsumoto, Jun Hosokawa, Atsushi Takita, Mari S Oba, Hideo Kunitoh","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae090","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship between lung cancer surgery and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Japan has not been elucidated. This was a post hoc analysis of the Cancer-VTE Registry. The 1057 patients who underwent surgery for lung cancer were divided into the surgery alone (SA) group (n = 598) and the surgery plus chemotherapy (SC) group (n = 459), and the 1-year incidences of VTE and cerebral ischemia were analyzed. In the SA and SC groups, composite VTE was observed in one (0.2%) and 15 (3.3%) patients, respectively, and cerebral ischemia was observed in eight (1.3%) and four (0.9%) patients, respectively. Lymph node metastasis was more common in patients with D-dimer >1.2 μg/ml (odds ratio: 1.781, P = .004). SA had a low risk of VTE but a high risk of cerebral ischemia. Chemotherapy increases the risk of VTE. The D-dimer level was related to VTE and advanced cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: This study explored the impacts of peri-operative changes in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on the survival rate after radical nephroureterectomy.
Methods: This retrospective analysis included a multicentric cohort of patients diagnosed with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) who had undergone radical nephroureterectomy from 2012 to 2021. We assessed the preoperative NLR, postoperative NLR, delta-NLR (difference between postoperative and preoperative NLRs), and NLR change (ratio of postoperative to preoperative NLR). Additionally, patients were categorized according to increases in their preoperative and/or postoperative NLRs. Associations of survival with peri-operative changes in the NLR were investigated using Cox multivariate regression models.
Results: A total of 488 patients were included in the study, with a median age of 73 years. Among the patients, 105 (21.5%) exhibited elevated preoperative and postoperative NLRs, 88 (18.0%) exhibited elevated preoperative NLR only, 53 (10.9%) exhibited elevated postoperative NLR only, and 242 (49.6%) exhibited normal NLRs. Multivariate analysis indicated significant negative correlations between both preoperative and postoperative increased NLRs and oncological outcomes, including nonurothelial tract recurrence-free survival and cancer-specific survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.65, P = 0.017; HR: 2.12, P = 0.014, respectively).
Conclusion: This is the first study to evaluate the association between peri-operative changes in the NLR and the outcomes of patients with UTUC who underwent radical nephroureterectomy. Patients with elevated NLRs at both time points experienced considerably worse outcomes. Further research should explore whether increases in the NLR during long-term follow-up could indicate impending disease recurrence.
{"title":"Associations between early changes in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio after radical nephroureterectomy and treatment outcomes.","authors":"Shun Saito, Hidetsugu Takahashi, Yuji Yata, Shigeyoshi Takamizawa, Shuhei Hara, Keiichiro Miyajima, Kosuke Iwatani, Keiji Yasue, Hideomi Nishikawa, Toshihiro Yamamoto, Haruhisa Koide, Ibuki Sadakane, Mahito Atsuta, Keiichiro Mori, Yu Imai, Sotaro Kayano, Masaya Murakami, Kojiro Tashiro, Shunsuke Tsuzuki, Hiroki Yamada, Jun Miki, Fumihiko Urabe, Takahiro Kimura, On Behalf Of Jikei-Scrum Collaborative Group","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae081","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study explored the impacts of peri-operative changes in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on the survival rate after radical nephroureterectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included a multicentric cohort of patients diagnosed with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) who had undergone radical nephroureterectomy from 2012 to 2021. We assessed the preoperative NLR, postoperative NLR, delta-NLR (difference between postoperative and preoperative NLRs), and NLR change (ratio of postoperative to preoperative NLR). Additionally, patients were categorized according to increases in their preoperative and/or postoperative NLRs. Associations of survival with peri-operative changes in the NLR were investigated using Cox multivariate regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 488 patients were included in the study, with a median age of 73 years. Among the patients, 105 (21.5%) exhibited elevated preoperative and postoperative NLRs, 88 (18.0%) exhibited elevated preoperative NLR only, 53 (10.9%) exhibited elevated postoperative NLR only, and 242 (49.6%) exhibited normal NLRs. Multivariate analysis indicated significant negative correlations between both preoperative and postoperative increased NLRs and oncological outcomes, including nonurothelial tract recurrence-free survival and cancer-specific survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.65, P = 0.017; HR: 2.12, P = 0.014, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study to evaluate the association between peri-operative changes in the NLR and the outcomes of patients with UTUC who underwent radical nephroureterectomy. Patients with elevated NLRs at both time points experienced considerably worse outcomes. Further research should explore whether increases in the NLR during long-term follow-up could indicate impending disease recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141450523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pancreatic cancer remains a highly lethal disease with a 5-year survival proportion of <10%. Chemoradiotherapy is a treatment option for unresectable locally advanced (UR-LA) or borderline resectable (BR) pancreatic cancer, but its efficacy is not sufficient. Induction of the synergistic effect of irradiation and immune checkpoint inhibitors can be an attractive strategy. An open-label randomized phase III trial has been conducted since October 2020 to confirm the superiority of nivolumab plus S-1-based chemoradiotherapy over S-1-based chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with UR-LA or BR pancreatic cancer. A total of 216 patients will be enrolled in 14 institutions within 3.5 years. The primary endpoint of the safety run-in part is dose-limiting toxicity, and that of the phase III part is overall survival. This trial was registered at the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials as jRCT2080225361 (https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCT2080225361).
胰腺癌仍然是一种致死率极高的疾病,其 5 年生存率仅为
{"title":"Protocol digest of a randomized phase III trial comparing S-1-based chemoradiotherapy with/without nivolumab for unresectable locally advanced or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: JCOG1908E (PENETRATE).","authors":"Yusuke Sano, Masashi Kanai, Chigusa Morizane, Keita Sasaki, Michio Yoshimura, Yoshinori Ito, Junji Furuse, Masato Ozaka, Haruhiko Fukuda, Makoto Ueno","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae084","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic cancer remains a highly lethal disease with a 5-year survival proportion of <10%. Chemoradiotherapy is a treatment option for unresectable locally advanced (UR-LA) or borderline resectable (BR) pancreatic cancer, but its efficacy is not sufficient. Induction of the synergistic effect of irradiation and immune checkpoint inhibitors can be an attractive strategy. An open-label randomized phase III trial has been conducted since October 2020 to confirm the superiority of nivolumab plus S-1-based chemoradiotherapy over S-1-based chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with UR-LA or BR pancreatic cancer. A total of 216 patients will be enrolled in 14 institutions within 3.5 years. The primary endpoint of the safety run-in part is dose-limiting toxicity, and that of the phase III part is overall survival. This trial was registered at the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials as jRCT2080225361 (https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCT2080225361).</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: No previous reports have characterized national profiles of soft-tissue sarcoma overall. We examined the nationwide statistics for soft-tissue sarcoma in Japan using data from the population-based National Cancer Registry.
Methods: We identified 23 522 soft-tissue-sarcoma patients who were entered in the National Cancer Registry during 2016-19 using International Classification of Diseases-Oncology, Third Edition codes for cancer topography and morphology. We extracted data on patient demographics, tumor details (reason for diagnosis, tumor location, histology, extent of disease), hospital volume/type, treatment, and prognosis for each patient.
Results: Soft-tissue sarcoma showed a slight male preponderance. Approximately 5500-6000 new cases were diagnosed as soft-tissue sarcoma per year, with the age-adjusted incidence of soft-tissue sarcoma being 3.22/100000/year. The age distribution showed a single peak in the 70-79 age range, and sex-stratified data showed it was higher in men. The most common histologic subtype was liposarcoma. The most frequent tumor locations were the soft tissue and skin, followed by the retroperitoneum. Extent of disease was categorized as: "localized" (31.3%), "regional" (38.9%), or "distant" (10.5%). We found significant associations between overall survival and sex, age, tumor location, facility type, hospital volume, reason for diagnosis, extent of disease, and surgical treatment.
Conclusions: This is the first study to outline the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment, prognosis, and significant factors affecting prognosis of soft-tissue sarcoma in Japan using the National Cancer Registry. Documenting our data regarding elderly patients' outcomes is essential so other countries showing similar population-aging trends can learn from our experiences.
{"title":"Soft-tissue sarcoma in Japan: National Cancer Registry-based analysis from 2016 to 2019.","authors":"Koichi Ogura, Chigusa Morizane, Tomoyuki Satake, Shintaro Iwata, Yu Toda, Shudai Muramatsu, Toshiyuki Takemori, Hiroya Kondo, Eisuke Kobayashi, Yoko Katoh, Takahiro Higashi, Akira Kawai","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae088","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>No previous reports have characterized national profiles of soft-tissue sarcoma overall. We examined the nationwide statistics for soft-tissue sarcoma in Japan using data from the population-based National Cancer Registry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified 23 522 soft-tissue-sarcoma patients who were entered in the National Cancer Registry during 2016-19 using International Classification of Diseases-Oncology, Third Edition codes for cancer topography and morphology. We extracted data on patient demographics, tumor details (reason for diagnosis, tumor location, histology, extent of disease), hospital volume/type, treatment, and prognosis for each patient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Soft-tissue sarcoma showed a slight male preponderance. Approximately 5500-6000 new cases were diagnosed as soft-tissue sarcoma per year, with the age-adjusted incidence of soft-tissue sarcoma being 3.22/100000/year. The age distribution showed a single peak in the 70-79 age range, and sex-stratified data showed it was higher in men. The most common histologic subtype was liposarcoma. The most frequent tumor locations were the soft tissue and skin, followed by the retroperitoneum. Extent of disease was categorized as: \"localized\" (31.3%), \"regional\" (38.9%), or \"distant\" (10.5%). We found significant associations between overall survival and sex, age, tumor location, facility type, hospital volume, reason for diagnosis, extent of disease, and surgical treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first study to outline the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment, prognosis, and significant factors affecting prognosis of soft-tissue sarcoma in Japan using the National Cancer Registry. Documenting our data regarding elderly patients' outcomes is essential so other countries showing similar population-aging trends can learn from our experiences.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Prognostic studies, Level III.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141544831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and objective: Surgical site infection (SSI) is common in surgery for malignant musculoskeletal tumours, specifically those arising from the trunk. In this study, we investigated the risk factors for SSI after resection of musculoskeletal tumours of the trunk.
Methods: This retrospective observational study included 125 patients (72 males, 53 females) with musculoskeletal tumours of the trunk in our hospital from 1 April 2008 to 31 August 2023. The incidence of SSI and its risk factors were investigated.
Results: SSI was observed in 26% (32/125), and the median time to SSI was 22 days. On multivariate analysis, the following were identified as risk factors for SSI: tumours arising caudal to Jacoby's line (hazard ratio [HR] 4.04; P = .0107), soft tissue reconstruction (HR 3.43; P = .0131), and low Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) (HR 0.96; P = .0304). Patients were classified into two risk categories based on GNRI scores: the risk group (GNRI ≤98) and no risk group (>98). The risk group showed a significantly lower overall noninfection survival rate (P = .023).
Conclusion: Tumours arising caudal to Jacoby line, soft tissue reconstruction, and lower GNRI were risk factors for SSI. Preoperative and postoperative nutritional interventions should be considered to improve GNRI.
{"title":"Geriatric nutritional risk index as a predictor for surgical site infection in malignant musculoskeletal tumours of the trunk.","authors":"Sakura Shiraishi, Toshifumi Fujiwara, Akira Nabeshima, Keiichiro Iida, Makoto Endo, Yoshihiro Matsumoto, Yoshinao Oda, Yasuharu Nakashima","doi":"10.1093/jjco/hyae095","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jjco/hyae095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Surgical site infection (SSI) is common in surgery for malignant musculoskeletal tumours, specifically those arising from the trunk. In this study, we investigated the risk factors for SSI after resection of musculoskeletal tumours of the trunk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study included 125 patients (72 males, 53 females) with musculoskeletal tumours of the trunk in our hospital from 1 April 2008 to 31 August 2023. The incidence of SSI and its risk factors were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SSI was observed in 26% (32/125), and the median time to SSI was 22 days. On multivariate analysis, the following were identified as risk factors for SSI: tumours arising caudal to Jacoby's line (hazard ratio [HR] 4.04; P = .0107), soft tissue reconstruction (HR 3.43; P = .0131), and low Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) (HR 0.96; P = .0304). Patients were classified into two risk categories based on GNRI scores: the risk group (GNRI ≤98) and no risk group (>98). The risk group showed a significantly lower overall noninfection survival rate (P = .023).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tumours arising caudal to Jacoby line, soft tissue reconstruction, and lower GNRI were risk factors for SSI. Preoperative and postoperative nutritional interventions should be considered to improve GNRI.</p>","PeriodicalId":14656,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of clinical oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}