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Distance of Mass School Shootings From Trauma Centers. 大规模校园枪击案与创伤中心的距离
IF 14.9 1区 医学 Q1 SURGERY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6382
Bao Ngoc Vi Do, Jayson Willard Myers, Paras Singh Minhas
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引用次数: 0
Error in Table. 表中出现错误。
IF 14.9 1区 医学 Q1 SURGERY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6468
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引用次数: 0
Severe Splenic Injuries in Patients With Multiple Trauma. 多发创伤患者的严重脾损伤。
IF 14.9 1区 医学 Q1 SURGERY Pub Date : 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2026.0016
Wei Huang, Caitlyn Braschi, Feifei Jin, Meghan Lewis, Demetrios Demetriades
<p><strong>Importance: </strong>The optimal management of severe blunt splenic injuries (BSI) in patients with multiple trauma is debated. This study compares early outcomes of the 3 primary treatment approaches.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the treatment patterns of severe BSI and characterize clinical outcomes in patients with multiple trauma.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>In this cohort study, adult patients with severe BSI were identified in the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program database and excluded if the Abbreviated Injury Scale score was 2 or less for all body regions outside the abdomen. Outcomes were compared based on treatment approach. Subgroup analyses were performed in patients presenting with hypotension, normotension, and those whose initial nonoperative management (NOM) failed. The associations between intervention patterns and mortality, complications, and hospital course were examined. The database was queried for data from January 2017 to December 2022; data analysis was performed from September 2024 to January 2025.</p><p><strong>Exposures: </strong>Open splenectomy (OS), splenic angioembolization (SAE), or observation (OBS).</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included a variety of complications that included acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cardiac arrest, and severe sepsis, as well as hospital and intensive care unit length of stay (LOS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 12 930 patients with multiple trauma met the inclusion criteria (median [IQR] age, 39 [26-56] years; 9259 males [71.6%] and 3671 females [28.4%]). There were 3390 patients (26.2%) who underwent OS, 2537 (19.6%) who underwent SAE, and 7003 (54.2%) in the OBS group. Multivariable regression analysis found mortality risk, compared with the OS group, was lower for SAE (hazard ratio [HR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.80; P < .001) and OBS (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.50 to 0.74; P < .001). SAE and OBS had fewer complications compared with OS in the overall cohort (odds ratio [OR], 0.74; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.86; P < .001, and OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.85; P < .001, respectively). For specific complications, the OS group had more ARDS, cardiac arrest, and severe sepsis. SAE and OBS had shorter hospital LOS (β, -1.37; 95% CI, -2.03 to -0.71; P < .001, and β, -1.33; 95% CI, -1.93 to -0.74; P < .001, respectively) and intensive care unit LOS (β, -1.42; 95% CI, -1.87 to -0.96; P < .001, and β, -1.34; 95% CI, -1.75 to -0.92; P < .001, respectively). The hypotensive subgroup had no increase in mortality, complications, or hospital course. Patients for whom NOM failed had more complications compared with upfront OS (OR, 3.09; 95% CI, 2.22 to 4.30; P < .001, and OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.21 to 1.76; P < .001, respectively). Sensitivity analysis confirmed these associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </stro
重要性:多重创伤患者严重钝性脾损伤(BSI)的最佳处理是有争议的。本研究比较了三种主要治疗方法的早期结果。目的:探讨多发创伤患者重度BSI的治疗方法及临床疗效。设计、环境和参与者:在这项队列研究中,严重BSI的成年患者从美国外科医师学会创伤质量改善计划数据库中被识别出来,如果腹部以外的所有身体区域的简略损伤量表得分为2分或更低,则排除。根据治疗方法对结果进行比较。对出现低血压、血压正常和初始非手术治疗(NOM)失败的患者进行亚组分析。研究了干预模式与死亡率、并发症和住院时间之间的关系。数据库查询了2017年1月至2022年12月的数据;数据分析时间为2024年9月至2025年1月。暴露:开腹脾切除术(OS)、脾血管栓塞(SAE)或观察(OBS)。主要结局和测量:主要结局为住院死亡率。次要结局包括各种并发症,包括急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)、心脏骤停和严重败血症,以及住院和重症监护病房的住院时间(LOS)。结果:共有12 930例多发创伤患者符合纳入标准(中位[IQR]年龄39[26-56]岁,男性9259例[71.6%],女性3671例[28.4%])。有3390例患者(26.2%)接受OS, 2537例(19.6%)接受SAE, 7003例(54.2%)接受OBS组。多变量回归分析发现,与OS组相比,SAE组的死亡风险更低(风险比[HR]为0.62;95% CI为0.49 - 0.80;P)。结论和相关性:本研究发现,与脾切除术相比,多发创伤患者的脾脏保留与死亡率降低、并发症减少和住院时间缩短相关。出现低血压的患者使用NOM的结果并不差,但NOM的失败与更多的并发症相关。即使是出现低血压的多重创伤患者,也应尝试NOM。
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引用次数: 0
Therapeutic Benefit Ratings for FDA Breakthrough-Designated Devices. FDA突破性指定设备的治疗效益评级。
IF 14.9 1区 医学 Q1 SURGERY Pub Date : 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6859
Kushal T Kadakia, Christine M Swoboda, Osman Moneer, Sanket S Dhruva, Joseph S Ross, Harlan M Krumholz, James F Burke, Vinay K Rathi
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引用次数: 0
Beyond Modifier 22-A Path to Recognizing Surgical Complexity. 超越修饰符22-认识手术复杂性之路。
IF 14.9 1区 医学 Q1 SURGERY Pub Date : 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6831
Christopher P Childers, Brett M Tracy, Christopher K Senkowski
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引用次数: 0
Contemporary Outcomes of Cholecystectomy. 胆囊切除术的当代结果。
IF 14.9 1区 医学 Q1 SURGERY Pub Date : 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6865
Cody Lendon Mullens, Joshua K Sinamo, Alexander Hallway, Kyle H Sheetz, Anne P Ehlers, Dana A Telem
<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Cholecystectomy is among the most common surgical procedures in the US, yet as patient complexity has increased and surgical techniques have evolved, contemporary trends in complication rates remain understudied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate changes in postoperative outcomes and complication rates following minimally invasive cholecystectomy among Medicare beneficiaries between 2011 and 2021.</p><p><strong>Design, setting, and participants: </strong>This cohort study used Medicare fee-for-service claims data from 2011 to 2021 to identify beneficiaries undergoing inpatient minimally invasive (laparoscopic or robotic) cholecystectomy. Risk-adjusted outcomes were estimated using multivariable logistic regression with marginal effects, adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, biliary diagnosis, admission type, and year. Adjusted estimates for length of stay were estimated using multivariable Poisson regression with marginal effects, adjusting for the same covariates. Data were analyzed between March and August 2025.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Key outcomes included length of stay, 30-day readmission, complications, serious complications, 30-day mortality, and in-hospital mortality. Specific complications, such as intraoperative hemorrhage, bile duct injury, transfusion, percutaneous drainage, urinary tract infection, and deep venous thrombosis, were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 516 372 Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries (mean [SD] age, 74.8 [9.8] years; 52.4% female), the proportion who had unplanned (vs elective) admissions for cholecystectomy increased from 78.8% in 2011 to 90.1% in 2021 (P < .001), alongside increases in Elixhauser comorbidity burden. Risk-adjusted rates of overall complications decreased from 21.5% (95% CI, 21.3%-21.7%) in 2011 to 16.5% (95% CI, 16.4%-16.7%) in 2021 (P < .001), and serious complications declined from 12.3% (95% CI, 12.2%-12.5%) to 7.0% (95% CI, 6.9%-7.1%) (P < .001). Specific complications also improved, including intraoperative hemorrhage (1.07% [95% CI, 1.01%-1.13%] to 0.54% [95% CI, 0.50%-0.58%]), blood transfusion (5.47% [95% CI, 5.34%-5.60%] to 1.87% [95% CI, 1.80%-1.94%]), and bile duct injury (0.19% [95% CI, 0.16%-0.21%] to 0.12% [95% CI, 0.11%-0.14%]) (all P < .001). However, rates of postoperative percutaneous drainage increased from 1.32% (95% CI, 1.26%-1.37%) to 2.91% (95% CI, 2.81%-3.01%) (P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>In this study of Medicare beneficiaries undergoing inpatient minimally invasive cholecystectomy, surgical complication rates, including bile duct injury, declined substantially from 2011 to 2021 despite increasing patient complexity. These improvements may reflect improved technique, overcoming the initial learning curve, or the cumulative influence of quality improvement efforts. The increasing use of drainage may reflect evolving surgical practice rather
重要性:胆囊切除术是美国最常见的外科手术之一,但随着患者复杂性的增加和手术技术的发展,并发症发生率的当代趋势仍未得到充分研究。目的:评估2011年至2021年间医疗保险受益人微创胆囊切除术后预后和并发症发生率的变化。设计、环境和参与者:本队列研究使用2011年至2021年的医疗保险按服务收费索赔数据来确定住院微创(腹腔镜或机器人)胆囊切除术的受益人。风险调整后的结果使用具有边际效应的多变量logistic回归进行估计,调整了人口统计学、合并症、胆道诊断、入院类型和年份。调整后的住院时间估计使用多变量泊松回归与边际效应,调整相同的协变量。研究人员分析了2025年3月至8月期间的数据。主要结局和指标:主要结局包括住院时间、30天再入院、并发症、严重并发症、30天死亡率和住院死亡率。具体并发症,如术中出血,胆管损伤,输血,经皮引流,尿路感染,深静脉血栓形成,也进行了评估。结果:在516 372名医疗保险按服务收费受益人(平均[SD]年龄74.8[9.8]岁,女性52.4%)中,非计划(与选择性)入院接受胆囊切除术的比例从2011年的78.8%增加到2021年的90.1% (P结论和相关性:在这项研究中,接受住院微创胆囊切除术的医疗保险受益人,手术并发症发生率,包括胆管损伤,从2011年到2021年大幅下降,尽管患者复杂性增加。这些改进可能反映了技术的改进,克服了最初的学习曲线,或者质量改进工作的累积影响。引流术使用的增加可能反映了外科技术的发展,而不是质量的下降,这强调了继续调查和监测的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Surgeon Compensation Models: A Systematic Review. 外科医生报酬模式:系统回顾。
IF 14.9 1区 医学 Q1 SURGERY Pub Date : 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6834
J Walker Rosenthal, Drew Goldberg, Elliott R Haut, Justin B Dimick, Rachel R Kelz

Importance: Surgeon compensation models influence physician productivity, care quality, and engagement in nonclinical activities. Information on compensation plans across surgical specialties and settings is often difficult to obtain.

Objective: To describe surgeon compensation models in the US, differentiate models by practice setting, and evaluate their association with clinical productivity and nonclinical contributions.

Evidence review: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed and Embase were queried for articles published between January 1, 2014, and August 20, 2024, reporting on surgeon compensation models. Two reviewers independently screened and abstracted data on study characteristics, practice settings, compensation structures, and outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed, and studies were synthesized by compensation model. Qualitative analysis was performed to determine themes across the literature.

Findings: Of 3268 screened records, 39 studies met inclusion criteria, encompassing 13 surgical specialties. Articles reported on compensation models, including salary (n = 8), work relative value unit (wRVU)-based (n = 8), hybrid (n = 7), fee-for-service (n = 5), and value-based models (n = 3). Hybrid models include a blend of financial incentives and base salary. Salary-based models provided financial stability, promoted team-based care and were associated with lower clinical volume. wRVU and fee-for-service models strongly incentivized productivity and often failed to account for case complexity, patient outcomes, or nonclinical work. Hybrid models offered flexibility by combining base salaries with incentives for volume, quality, and academic contributions despite greater administrative complexity. Value-based models, rarely used, may have unintentional consequences. Across models, there was wide variability in financial compensation for teaching, research, and administrative duties.

Conclusions and relevance: Surgeon compensation models in the US remain heterogeneous. While productivity-based systems dominate, emerging hybrid and value-based approaches aim to support broader professional obligations. Transparent, adaptable frameworks that balance clinical output with quality and nonclinical contributions are needed to sustain surgeon engagement and align compensation across the totality of surgical practice.

重要性:外科医生薪酬模式影响医生的工作效率、护理质量和参与非临床活动。关于跨外科专业和设置的补偿计划的信息通常很难获得。目的:描述美国的外科医生薪酬模式,通过实践环境区分模式,并评估其与临床生产力和非临床贡献的关系。证据审查:根据PRISMA指南进行了系统审查。PubMed和Embase检索了2014年1月1日至2024年8月20日期间发表的关于外科医生薪酬模型的文章。两位审稿人独立筛选和提取了研究特征、实践环境、薪酬结构和结果方面的数据。评估偏倚风险,并采用补偿模型进行研究综合。进行定性分析以确定整个文献的主题。结果:在3268份筛选记录中,39项研究符合纳入标准,涵盖13个外科专科。文章报道了薪酬模型,包括工资(n = 8)、基于工作相对价值单位(wRVU)的(n = 8)、混合(n = 7)、按服务收费(n = 5)和基于价值的模型(n = 3)。混合模式包括财政激励和基本工资的混合。以工资为基础的模式提供了财务稳定性,促进了以团队为基础的护理,并与较低的临床量相关。wRVU和按服务收费模式强烈地激励了生产力,但往往未能考虑到病例复杂性、患者结果或非临床工作。混合模式提供了灵活性,将基本工资与数量、质量和学术贡献相结合,尽管管理更复杂。很少使用的基于价值的模型可能会产生意想不到的后果。在不同的模型中,教学、研究和行政职责的经济补偿存在很大的差异。结论和相关性:在美国,外科医生的补偿模式仍然是异质的。虽然以生产力为基础的系统占主导地位,但新兴的混合和基于价值的方法旨在支持更广泛的专业义务。需要透明、适应性强的框架来平衡临床产出与质量和非临床贡献,以维持外科医生的参与,并在整个外科实践中调整补偿。
{"title":"Surgeon Compensation Models: A Systematic Review.","authors":"J Walker Rosenthal, Drew Goldberg, Elliott R Haut, Justin B Dimick, Rachel R Kelz","doi":"10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Surgeon compensation models influence physician productivity, care quality, and engagement in nonclinical activities. Information on compensation plans across surgical specialties and settings is often difficult to obtain.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe surgeon compensation models in the US, differentiate models by practice setting, and evaluate their association with clinical productivity and nonclinical contributions.</p><p><strong>Evidence review: </strong>A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed and Embase were queried for articles published between January 1, 2014, and August 20, 2024, reporting on surgeon compensation models. Two reviewers independently screened and abstracted data on study characteristics, practice settings, compensation structures, and outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed, and studies were synthesized by compensation model. Qualitative analysis was performed to determine themes across the literature.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Of 3268 screened records, 39 studies met inclusion criteria, encompassing 13 surgical specialties. Articles reported on compensation models, including salary (n = 8), work relative value unit (wRVU)-based (n = 8), hybrid (n = 7), fee-for-service (n = 5), and value-based models (n = 3). Hybrid models include a blend of financial incentives and base salary. Salary-based models provided financial stability, promoted team-based care and were associated with lower clinical volume. wRVU and fee-for-service models strongly incentivized productivity and often failed to account for case complexity, patient outcomes, or nonclinical work. Hybrid models offered flexibility by combining base salaries with incentives for volume, quality, and academic contributions despite greater administrative complexity. Value-based models, rarely used, may have unintentional consequences. Across models, there was wide variability in financial compensation for teaching, research, and administrative duties.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Surgeon compensation models in the US remain heterogeneous. While productivity-based systems dominate, emerging hybrid and value-based approaches aim to support broader professional obligations. Transparent, adaptable frameworks that balance clinical output with quality and nonclinical contributions are needed to sustain surgeon engagement and align compensation across the totality of surgical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":14690,"journal":{"name":"JAMA surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147283738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cautionary Tale-The Details Are in the Data. 警世故事——细节在数据中。
IF 14.9 1区 医学 Q1 SURGERY Pub Date : 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2026.0023
Jason L Sperry
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引用次数: 0
Community Action and the Fight for Equitable Trauma Care on the South Side of Chicago-Lives at Stake. 社区行动和争取公平的创伤护理在芝加哥南部-生命危在旦命。
IF 14.9 1区 医学 Q1 SURGERY Pub Date : 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2026.0013
Pooja Podugu, Vanessa P Ho, Marie L Crandall
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引用次数: 0
From Safer Cholecystectomy to Smarter Bile Duct Management. 从更安全的胆囊切除术到更智能的胆管管理。
IF 14.9 1区 医学 Q1 SURGERY Pub Date : 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6858
Wen Hui Tan, Amir A Ghaferi
{"title":"From Safer Cholecystectomy to Smarter Bile Duct Management.","authors":"Wen Hui Tan, Amir A Ghaferi","doi":"10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2025.6858","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14690,"journal":{"name":"JAMA surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147283788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
JAMA surgery
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