ChemistrySelect最新文献

The research introduced methyl groups into the Hyperbranched polysiloxane (HBPSi) structure at various synthesis ratios. By leveraging the steric hindrance and hydrophobicity of methyl groups, the formation of highly branched three-dimensional architectures is expected to be promoted. Compared with traditional linear polymers, such structures generally exhibit superior solubility, lower melt viscosity, and higher reactivity. The chemical structures and properties of the synthesized HBPSi derivatives were characterized using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Based on the established structure-fluorescence property relationships of the as-synthesized HBPSi derivatives, this study further investigates their aggregation-induced emission (AIE) mechanisms. This research aims to provide both theoretical and practical foundations for the preparation and functional optimization of AIE-active polymers.

With the increasing pollution of antibiotics in the environment, the detection of antibiotics is of great significance, and it is crucial to develop a simple, rapid, accurate, and efficient detection method. A series of fluorescent lanthanide metal–organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs), [Ln(BTC)(H₂O)]·DMF (1-Ln, Ln = Eu³⁺, Dy³⁺, Tb³⁺, Ho³⁺, Er³⁺, Tm³⁺, and Sm³⁺); H₃BTC = trimesic acid), have been synthesized based on trimesic acid through the hydrothermal method. 1-Eu exhibited excellent fluorescence performance. The results of antibiotic detection showed that 1-Eu displayed obvious fluorescence quenching phenomena toward the furantoin (FRT) and nitrofural (NTF), with high sensitivity and anti-interference ability. 1-Eu is a promising fluorescent probe for detecting nitrofuran antibiotics, which can be used for the specific identification of antibiotics and has certain application value.

Copper sulfide (CuS) nanostructures were synthesized via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method and evaluated for methylene blue (MB) removal from aqueous solutions. Compared to conventional wide-bandgap photocatalysts, CuS offers a narrow band gap, p-type semiconducting behavior, and strong surface–dye interactions, making it particularly attractive for rapid water treatment processes. The material crystallized in the covellite phase, exhibiting mixed nanoflower, nanoplate, and nanospherical morphologies with a surface area of 2.8 m²·g⁻¹ and a band gap of 1.25 eV. Adsorption experiments revealed ultrafast dye uptake, reaching equilibrium within 30 min. The process followed the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1.4 mg·g⁻¹ and a high affinity constant (K_L = 2.4 × 10⁵ L·mg⁻¹). Kinetic analysis indicated pseudo-second-order behavior, confirming chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. Despite the low surface area, CuS displayed remarkable adsorption speed and affinity, highlighting its potential as a rapid, low-cost, and scalable adsorbent for wastewater purification.

In this study, BiFeO₃ was modified with MIL-88 to synthesize a novel heterojunction nanocomposite MIL-88@BiFeO₃ using solvothermal method as a photocatalyst to accelerate the methylene blue (MB) dye degradation. The catalyst was investigated by X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Detailed structural and microstructural characteristics indicate the fabrication of a heterojunction nanocomposite made up of BiFeO₃ nanoparticles and MIL-88 nanorods. Using UV–visible spectroscopy, the sample's photocatalytic efficiency for the MB dye degradation was examined under solar light. The MIL-88@BiFeO₃ heterojunction nanocomposite exhibits superior photocatalytic activity compared to pure MIL-88 and BiFeO₃, with a degradation rate of 82% after 60 min of exposure to solar light. The improved photocatalytic efficiency is further supported by MIL-88@BiFeO₃'s greatest rate constant (k = 0.01964 min⁻¹). In the as-synthesized MIL-88@BiFeO₃ nanocomposite, the MIL-88 framework and BiFeO₃ might function as effective oxidation and reduction sites, releasing non-toxic byproducts for the mineralization of MB dye, such as superoxide (O₂^•−) and hydroxyl (•OH) species. The dye system adopted a pseudo-first-order model based on degradation kinetics, and the Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism strongly supports this model. The synergistic interaction between MIL-88 and BiFeO₃ explains the increased efficiency of MIL-88@BiFeO₃.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a promising cancer treatment strategy, yet its clinical application is hindered by the lack of efficient boron delivery agents. Herein, we developed biotin-derived boron-doped carbon dots (Bio-CDs) as a novel multifunctional nanotherapeutic platform for targeted BNCT. Bio-CDs were synthesized using biotin as the carbon source and boric acid (¹⁰B) as the boron donor. The resulting Bio-CDs demonstrated exceptionally high boron loading, excellent water dispersibility, and strong biotin receptor-mediated tumor-targeting capability. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed superior BNCT efficacy with negligible systemic toxicity. Furthermore, the Bio-CDs exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic properties, biocompatibility, and scalable synthesis from readily available materials. This multifunctional platform integrates high boron content, active targeting, and favorable biosafety, offering a scalable and clinically translatable solution for precision BNCT. The development of Bio-CDs provides a new strategy for overcoming limitations of existing boron agents and advancing the clinical utility of BNCT in cancer therapy.

In this article, a series of bismuth (Bi)-doped rare-earth molybdate orange pigments with near infrared (NIR) properties were synthesized by high temperature solid phase reaction at 1400°C with the general formula of Y_4−xBi_xMoO₉. The prepared pigments were characterized by analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), CIE 1976 color space system, and ultraviolet-visible/near-infrared spectroscopy (UV-Vis/NIR). After doping Bi₂O₃ into Y₄MoO₉, its color changes from yellow to red and finally to orange. All the doped samples belong to the monoclinic crystal system. All pigment samples have an NIR reflectance (R%) of over 97% at 1100 nm. In the study of acid and alkali resistance, the color difference value ΔE^* of the pigment before and after soaking in acidic and alkaline solutions is less than 2, indicating its good chemical stability. In the coating simulation investigation, the indoor air temperature difference between the house model coated with synthetic pigments and the house model coated with commercial pigments reaches 8.2°C, indicating that Y_4-xBi_xMoO₉ pigments had good isolation effect and application prospects as a cool pigment.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were phytogenically synthesized using Pithecellobium dulce leaves, and incorporated into mouthwash for oral care applications. Characterization of the ZnO NPs confirmed their successful synthesis, with UV–visible spectroscopy showing a peak at 349 nm, XRD revealing crystalline structure (average crystallite size ∼26.5 nm), and SEM/TEM indicating predominantly spherical morphology. Zeta potential (–14.4 mV) and DLS (155 nm) results demonstrated moderate colloidal stability, while EDX confirmed elemental purity. The formulated mouthwash was physically stable with no turbidity or sedimentation. Anti-inflammatory activity, assessed by egg albumin and BSA denaturation assays, demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition comparable to that of diclofenac sodium at higher concentrations. Antioxidant analysis, as determined by DPPH and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays, revealed a strong free radical scavenging activity. Antibacterial studies demonstrated effective inhibition of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, particularly at higher nanoparticle concentrations. Artemia salina (brine shrimp) toxicity assay showed lower cytotoxicity of the ZnO NP-based mouthwash (LC₅₀ = 78.8 µg/mL) compared to a commercial mouthwash (LC₅₀ = 59.39 µg/mL), indicating greater biosafety. These results support the application of fabricated ZnO NPs in mouthwash as a promising alternative to conventional oral care products, offering effective bioactivity with minimal toxicity and environmental impact.

Testing luteolin is essential to promote its appropriate clinical use, regulate the quality of pharmaceuticals and safeguard public health. In this work, the activated loofah sponge carbon/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-gold nanocomposites (LSAC/PEDOT-Au) were successfully prepared through an efficient and straightforward method. The surface morphology and structural characteristics of the synthesized nanocomposites were systematically characterized. A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with LSAC/PEDOT-Au nanocomposites was fabricated as a novel luteolin sensor. At the optimal experimental conditions, the LSAC/PEDOT-Au/GCE exhibited a high sensitivity of 3.3 × 10⁻⁹ mol dm⁻³ and a wide linear range of 0.05–2 and 2–40 µmol dm⁻³ toward luteolin oxidation, demonstrating satisfactory selectivity and stability. In addition, the developed LSAC/PEDOT-Au/GCE was further evaluated for its ability to detect luteolin in honeysuckle samples, yielding highly satisfactory results.

In the present study, the phytochemical and bio-pharmacological effects of the species Viola odorata were explored. Different polarity extracts, namely water and methanol were assayed for their content in phenolic compounds, enzyme inhibition and scavenging/reducing properties. Additionally, through a validated ex vivo model of colon inflammation, the effects of water and methanol extracts were assayed on Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced up-regulation of both cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS-2) gene expression. The results of the study indicate that methanol extract was the richest in terms of total phenols (37.26 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (56.90 mg RE/g). Indeed, the methanol extract was the most effective as antiradical (DPPH: 24.91 mg TE/g and ABTS: 66.62 mg TE/g) but also as enzyme inhibitor toward cholinesterases (AChE: 3.23 mg GALAE/g and BChE: 5.02 mg GALAE/g), tyrosinase (133.29 mg KAE/g), glucosidase (0.27 mmol ACAE/g), and amylase (0.82 mmol ACAE/g). Transcription factors regulating NOS2 and COX-2 were used to construct a regulatory network, and five major phytochemicals were screened for target prediction. Selected proteins were subjected to molecular docking, revealing strong interactions between kaempferol-3-O-glucoside and rutin with BChE, NF-κB, and STAT3. The V. odorata extracts were also effective in blunting the LPS-induced gene expression of both COX-2 and NOS-2; thus, confirming enzyme inhibition effects, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The results suggest that this species is a valuable source of bioactive compounds for developing health-promoting applications.

Breast cancer is rapidly spreading and represents a serious threat to women's health, occurring due to the uncontrolled proliferation of cells in the breast tissue. The tumor suppressor gene BARD1 must be preserved, as it plays a key role in essential processes such as DNA repair, which is closely associated with breast cancer. In our study, the binding affinity of ginsenosides derived from Panax ginseng with the BARD1 receptor was investigated in silico. The synthetic AKT inhibitor Capivasertib, selected as the control ligand, was analyzed comparatively using computational methods. Ginsenoside Rb1 exhibited the highest binding energy (-7.8 kcal/mol) in the docking analysis, outperforming Capivasertib (-6.3 kcal/mol). In MD simulations, Ginsenoside Rd2 and 20-O-Glucoseginsenoside Rf formed highly stable complexes with the BARD1 receptor. The binding energy (-6.6 kcal/mol) obtained for the ginsenoside Rg5 ligand, whose anticancer activity has been confirmed in in vitro studies, is also in line with our findings. In MM-(GB/PB)SA analyses, 20-O-Glucoseginsenoside Rf and Ginsenoside Rd2 stood out, primarily due to van der Waals forces (-33.03 kcal/mol for 20-O-Glucoseginsenoside Rf) and solvation energy (-36.2 kcal/mol for Ginsenoside Rd2), which contributed significantly to binding stability. HOMO-LUMO energy gap of 4.10 eV in Rd2 supports high chemical reactivity. In ADMET analyses, ginsenosides generally exhibited better pharmacokinetic profiles compared to capivasertib.