ChemistrySelect最新文献

In recent years, the use of flexible wearable devices to monitor human health signals has great potential for application in personalized health monitoring and preventive medicine. The most challenging task is to construct wearable sensing electrode that can detect relevant biochemical indicators in body fluids. In this study, Cu-doped polyaniline–graphene nanocomposite (Cu@PANI-GNP) was first prepared through the metal ion doping to obtain excellent conductivity and electrocatalytic activity even in physiologically neutral environment. Then, a novel wearable sensing electrode was constructed with nonwoven fabric (NWF) as a flexible support. One side was coated with a conductive graphene coating (GC), and the other side was coated with the Cu@PANI-GNP electrode material. This resulting Cu@PANI-GNP/GC-NWF electrode can detect the uric acid concentration within the range of 7.15×10⁻⁵–1.43×10⁻³ M, with 0.8 µA mM⁻¹ sensitivity. This detection range is well-suited for clinical applications. This electrochemical sensor enables the separation of interfering signals through potential-controlled techniques, demonstrating significant potential for application in both clinical diagnostics and home healthcare.

Hollow zinc phytate–silver nanocomposites (Zn-PA–Ag NCs) were synthesized via a template-assisted approach involving the etching of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) by phytic acid, followed by in situ deposition of Ag nanoparticles (NPs). The resulting nanocomposites featured well-defined hollow architectures with Ag NPs uniformly distributed on the surface of the Zn-PA shells. Structural and compositional analyses confirmed the successful formation and integrity of the Zn-PA–Ag NCs. The nanocomposites demonstrated excellent antibacterial performance against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) as low as 15.625 µg·mL⁻¹. At a concentration of 50 µg·mL⁻¹, the antibacterial rates against both strains exceeded 95%. CCK-8 assays further revealed negligible cytotoxicity at concentrations between 7.813 and 31.25 µg·mL⁻¹. These results underscore the potential of Zn-PA–Ag NCs as a promising class of broad-spectrum antimicrobial materials for next-generation antibacterial applications.

Contamination of food and feed by mycotoxins is a significant global safety concern because of their harmful effects on human and animal health. Toxin binders, which are added as adsorbents to animal feed play a crucial role in preserving animal health and enhancing food safety. They work by adsorbing and neutralizing toxins, preventing them from entering the body. This study aimed to evaluate the adsorption potential of local bentonites as a toxin binder for aflatoxins under laboratory conditions. The effects of different parameters, including toxin binder composition, sample pH, and time were studied. The BN5 bentonite sample performed the best in removing AFB1. Different aflatoxins exhibited remarkable resistance to pH change, and the removal efficiency was not significantly affected by pH. In addition, a mixture of BN5 (80% wt) and yeast cell wall (20% wt) enhanced the removal efficiency of AFB1. According to the obtained results, the optimum conditions to achieve the highest removal rate of aflatoxins using 30 mg of BN5:YCW mixture as the toxin binder are aflatoxins concentration of 36.75 ng mL⁻¹ for AFB1 and AFG,1 and 7.35 ng mL⁻¹ for AFB2 and AFG2, respectively, and removal efficiency of greater than 87%. The equilibrium adsorption data were well fitted to the Langmuir adsorption equation with a maximum adsorption capacity of 0.200 mg g⁻¹. The results showed that the binding of aflatoxins on the interlayer surfaces of bentonite is involved in chemical bonding mechanisms. However, in addition to its ability to remove other mycotoxins, this adsorbent should be evaluated in vivo.

ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a modified Sol–Gel procedure, while TiO₂ NPs were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. To enhance the physical, mechanical, anticorrosive, and electrical properties of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), ZnO/TiO₂ NCs were introduced. Synergistic anticorrosive, magnetic, photocatalytic, mechanical, and biodegradable properties of biofilm were examined. The structural characteristics and optical behavior of PVA/ZnO/TiO₂ NCs biofilm were investigated using UV–visible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (p-XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques. According to the p-XRD and SEM methods, the average particle size was 80 nm. The NCs-based biodegradable film demonstrated notable corrosion inhibition efficiency for the aluminum sheet (99.01% in 1.0 M HCl at a concentration of 100 ppm). A magnetic susceptibility of 0.95 proves the paramagnetic character of the biofilm. The energy band gap, assessed by the Tauc plot, was 5.2 eV, which proves the semiconductor nature of the biofilm. The photocatalytic activity of PVA/ZnO and PVA/TiO₂ films were investigated against methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) dyes, respectively in UV light. The PVA/ZnO NCs biofilms show good photocatalytic activity (70%) against MB dye in 70 min. The PVA/ZnO/TiO₂ NCs biofilms exhibit remarkable flexibility, which enables them to undergo bending and rolling, leading to their use in food packaging due to their anticorrosive, photocatalytic, and magnetic qualities.

This investigation observed at preparing and investigating nanocomposites of copper oxide (CuO)/rGO@PVDF to determine their suitability for application in supercapacitors as electrodes. Analysis by FTIR showed that Cu-O bonds are present around the region of 500 cm⁻¹. A size of 42 nm was found for the crystallites using the Debye Scherrer formula. The peaks in the XRD appear to be being generated by the monoclinic CuO. The finding implies that the material exhibits pseudocapacitive characteristics. It is evident from the SEM that the rGO sheets have CuO nanoparticles spread symmetrically. Samples imaged under the TEM indicated that the rGO had CuO nanoparticles that measured 20 nm. Results from EDX analysis confirmed 70% of carbon (C), 19% oxygen (O) and 10% copper (Cu), with 5% chlorine (Cl). The Raman spectra of rGO revealed a high number of defects, since the intensity ratio of the D band at 1350 cm⁻¹ and G band at 1600 cm⁻¹ was 1.18. Electrochemical analysis found that the material provided the same high cycling stability over 10,000 cycles, as confirmed by a specific capacitance (SC) of 180 F g⁻¹ at 0.2 A g⁻¹ going down to 50 F g⁻¹ and the material retaining capacitance at over 90% of original. As a result, the study develops CuO/rGO@PVDF nanocomposites which may be selected as a suitable alternative in building high-energy storage devices. This investigation proposes a CuO/rGO incorporated PVDF nanocomposite in which PVDF is not only used as a binder but also as an active structure that contributes to the improvement of the mechanical stability and durability of the electrochemical activity. The combination of the pseudocapacitance of CuO and the double-layer capacitance of rGO in a flexible polymer matrix makes this particular arrangement potentially insightful into the creation of stable and high-performance electrodes to the next-generation supercapacitors. We propose to make the first contribution by making PVDF a working electrochemical matrix, which hosts both CuO and rGO and provides a pathway between binder and actor to the long-life and high-performance supercapacitors.

A practical and efficient method was developed for the selective construction of allylic and vinyl sulfonyl fluorides. This protocol features mild reaction conditions, modular access to valuable “clickable” handles in moderate to excellent yields (60%–99%), and a broad substrate scope with functional group compatibility. Subsequently, the resulting sulfonyl fluorides were further diversified via sulfur fluoride exchange (SuFEx) reactions to produce sulfonates, sulfonamide, and enabled the late-stage modification of bioactive molecules, showcasing their immediate value for application in chemical biology and drug discovery.

Heavy metal pollution in water presents a significant environmental and health hazards, seeking for effective and sustainable remediation methods. This research examines the adsorption efficacy of polyaniline nanofibers (PANI-NF) for the uptake of chromium (Cr(VI)) and mercury (Hg(II)) ions from dilute solutions. The synthesized PANI-NF was characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) isotherm, and zeta potential analysis to elucidate its structural and physicochemical properties. The adsorption efficiency was methodically assessed under different experimental parameters; including reaction time, initial heavy metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, and pH of metal ion solution. Different mathematical models further examined the adsorption mechanism to evaluate adsorption isotherms and kinetic behavior. The synthesized PANI-NF, devoid of any structural alterations like doping or nanocomposite integration, exhibited maximum adsorption capacity and outstanding removal efficiency of 142.85 mg g⁻¹, 97% for Cr(VI) and 166.66 mg g⁻¹, 91% for Hg(II), respectively, under optimum adsorption conditions (contact time (45 min), initial metal ion concentration (20 mg L⁻¹), adsorbent dosage (20 mg), and pH (7)), indicating its excellent efficacy in removing heavy metal ions as compared to previously reported studies. Electrostatic interactions and surface binding processes primarily govern the adsorption process. The findings of the present work demonstrate that PANI-NF is a viable and economical adsorbent material for wastewater treatment applications. This research advances sustainable adsorption technologies and establishes a basis for future investigations to enhance the adsorption efficiency of PANI-based materials for environmental remediation.

This study investigated ultrasound-assisted olive leaf extract for its phytochemical profile, antioxidant capacity, and larvicidal activity against Culex pipiens larvae. UPLC-MS analysis identified 13 metabolites, with oleuropein as the predominant compound. The extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ = 9.74 µg/mL) and concentration-dependent larvicidal effects, causing 100% mortality at 80 µg/mL. Biochemical assays revealed significant inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity alongside concentration-dependent modulation of glutathione S-transferase, indicating a multifaceted physiological response in larvae. Molecular docking analysis provided supportive structural insight into the potential interaction of oleuropein with the acetylcholinesterase active site, complementing the experimental findings. These results suggest that olive leaf extract acts as an eco-friendly, multitarget larvicide, combining antioxidant properties with enzymatic inhibition. Its low environmental impact and efficacy position it as a promising natural agent for sustainable mosquito control.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is bedeviled by recalcitrant tumor growth and metastasis, which results in difficult clinical management, making the disease a significant life-threatening disease and causing a high mortality rate in men. In vitro research, progressing to in vivo or clinical trials to provide solutions, is encumbered by biological complexity, safety and efficacy concerns that may affect regulatory and translational requirements. However, this review integrates mechanistic knowledge of oxidative stress and PCa development with preclinical evidence supporting the use of phytoantioxidants, while incorporating nanotechnology to address certain treatment challenges. It also assesses current issues and approaches to nanoparticle (NP)-based delivery, enabling greater optimization and translation. Preclinical nanoengineered phytoantioxidants in PCa, with mechanistic insights in this review, yielded positive outcomes. These are pivotal to the potential for translation to human medicine by advancing clinical trials and offering a holistic solution to overcome limitations in the treatment of PCa.