Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.18488/ijsar.v11i2.3797
Uzma Arif, S. A. Jatoi
This study looks at how quantitative parameter variation changes over two years in different carrot accessions and the genetic diversity that exists in a group of accessions that come from different parts of the world. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to assess the significance of different factors, including the block effect, treatment effect, and check effect. The result indicated a significant mean sum of squares across various sources of variation. Both adjusted and unadjusted block and treatment effects were significant for all traits, while the check effect was significant for more. During both years, there was moderate to high variation in quantitative parameters for numerous quantitative traits among carrot accessions. Mature leaf length showed the highest variation, followed by mature leaf width, leaf area, root weight, leaf weight, and plant biomass. Principal component analysis revealed distinct patterns in the contributions of parameters during both years. Plotting carrot accessions on the scatter plot using the first three principal components also revealed an informative spread of accessions. A notable increase in variation during the second year was observed. Moreover, accessions from different continents displayed varying degrees of genetic diversity, with Asian accessions exhibiting the highest levels. These findings underscore the importance of global germplasm collection in breeding programs aimed at enhancing crop resilience and productivity. Leveraging this genetic diversity through advanced breeding strategies holds promise for developing cultivars capable of adapting to changing environmental conditions and meeting the demands of sustainable agriculture.
{"title":"Exploring morphological diversity in carrot (Daucus carota l.) germplasm: A multivariate analysis approach","authors":"Uzma Arif, S. A. Jatoi","doi":"10.18488/ijsar.v11i2.3797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v11i2.3797","url":null,"abstract":"This study looks at how quantitative parameter variation changes over two years in different carrot accessions and the genetic diversity that exists in a group of accessions that come from different parts of the world. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to assess the significance of different factors, including the block effect, treatment effect, and check effect. The result indicated a significant mean sum of squares across various sources of variation. Both adjusted and unadjusted block and treatment effects were significant for all traits, while the check effect was significant for more. During both years, there was moderate to high variation in quantitative parameters for numerous quantitative traits among carrot accessions. Mature leaf length showed the highest variation, followed by mature leaf width, leaf area, root weight, leaf weight, and plant biomass. Principal component analysis revealed distinct patterns in the contributions of parameters during both years. Plotting carrot accessions on the scatter plot using the first three principal components also revealed an informative spread of accessions. A notable increase in variation during the second year was observed. Moreover, accessions from different continents displayed varying degrees of genetic diversity, with Asian accessions exhibiting the highest levels. These findings underscore the importance of global germplasm collection in breeding programs aimed at enhancing crop resilience and productivity. Leveraging this genetic diversity through advanced breeding strategies holds promise for developing cultivars capable of adapting to changing environmental conditions and meeting the demands of sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":147153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141675770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.18488/ijsar.v11i2.3798
N. C. Udo, Ahamefule Blessing Adaku, Muojekwu Miracle Kelechi
This study analyzed the effect of COVID-19 adaptation strategies on arable crop farmers’ production in the Umuahia Agricultural Zone of Abia State, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling procedure was used to select seventy-two (72) arable crop farmers. Data for the study were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics (using multiple regression and Z-test analyses). The results showed that arable crop farmers had a high perceived effect (= 2.5) of COVID-19 on arable crop production and a high utilization (= 2.4) of COVID-19 adaptation strategies. The mean farm output of arable crop farmers during and after the COVID-19 pandemic was 2112.871 kg/ha and 23222.282 kg/ha, respectively. Multiple regression analysis revealed that intensive use of organic manure (1.3898 coefficients), family labor (2.0466 coefficients), less cultivable farm land (0.18189 coefficients), and access to government aid (0.6994) all had an impact on the output of arable crop farmers in the study area. The Z-test result showed that there were no significant differences between the farm output of arable crop farmers during the 2112.87109 (SD = 3158.6590) and post-COVID-19 2322.2920 (1032.5310) pandemics. The study concluded that arable crop farmers had high utilization of COVID-19 adaptation strategies. The study therefore recommended the formulation of important policy as Nigeria moves from lockdown aimed at promoting economic recovery and measures to mitigate further spread to promote access of farmers to land, which can lead to increased farmer output in the study area.
{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 adaptation strategies on arable crop farmers’ output in the Umuahia agricultural zone of Abia State, Nigeria","authors":"N. C. Udo, Ahamefule Blessing Adaku, Muojekwu Miracle Kelechi","doi":"10.18488/ijsar.v11i2.3798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v11i2.3798","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed the effect of COVID-19 adaptation strategies on arable crop farmers’ production in the Umuahia Agricultural Zone of Abia State, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling procedure was used to select seventy-two (72) arable crop farmers. Data for the study were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics (using multiple regression and Z-test analyses). The results showed that arable crop farmers had a high perceived effect (= 2.5) of COVID-19 on arable crop production and a high utilization (= 2.4) of COVID-19 adaptation strategies. The mean farm output of arable crop farmers during and after the COVID-19 pandemic was 2112.871 kg/ha and 23222.282 kg/ha, respectively. Multiple regression analysis revealed that intensive use of organic manure (1.3898 coefficients), family labor (2.0466 coefficients), less cultivable farm land (0.18189 coefficients), and access to government aid (0.6994) all had an impact on the output of arable crop farmers in the study area. The Z-test result showed that there were no significant differences between the farm output of arable crop farmers during the 2112.87109 (SD = 3158.6590) and post-COVID-19 2322.2920 (1032.5310) pandemics. The study concluded that arable crop farmers had high utilization of COVID-19 adaptation strategies. The study therefore recommended the formulation of important policy as Nigeria moves from lockdown aimed at promoting economic recovery and measures to mitigate further spread to promote access of farmers to land, which can lead to increased farmer output in the study area.","PeriodicalId":147153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research","volume":" 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141676059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Field experiments was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi to evaluate the effect of bed types and fertilizer types on the growth and yield of onion seedlings/bulbs (Allium cepa L.). The study was a 2x4 factorial experiment {2 types (bed and ridge) and four fertilizer types (NPK20:10:10, poultry manure, cattle dung, and no application served as control)} laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated thrice. Data were collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Fisher's least significant difference (FLSD) was used to separate means. Results of the study revealed that onions raised on beds had statistically higher growth and yield parameters than the ridge bed system. Therefore, the onion planted on bed type system recorded the highest yields with bulb weight (13.45t/ha) and (23.35 t/ha) in both years. On the fertilizer types, NPK 20:10:10 application recorded the highest bulb weight of 14.57t/ha and 35.75t/ha in both years, followed by poultry manure with bulb weight of 11.29t/ha and 11.61t/ha and cattle dung with bulb weight of 10.70t/ha and 12.94t/ha while untreated (control) gave the lowest yields with bulb weight/plot 9.21t/ha and 7.40t/ha respectively. It is recommended that the application of NPK 20:10:10 fertilizers on bed type system be adopted for optimum yield of Onions in Makurdi, Nigeria. Furthermore, in the scarcity or high cost of NPK fertilizers, smallholder farmers in the study location can adopt either poultry manure or cattle dung as a substitute to boost yields of onions.
{"title":"Effect of seed bed types on growth and yield of onion seedlings (Allium cepa L.) Under the influence of fertilizer types in Makurdi, Nigeria","authors":"Odiaka, Ngozi Ifeoma, Akinyemi Bosede Kemi, Ugese Felix Detuhan, Ugoo Tavershima Richard, Injor Madoo Mercy, Nyam Tyokyaa Moses","doi":"10.18488/ijsar.v11i2.3727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v11i2.3727","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiments was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi to evaluate the effect of bed types and fertilizer types on the growth and yield of onion seedlings/bulbs (Allium cepa L.). The study was a 2x4 factorial experiment {2 types (bed and ridge) and four fertilizer types (NPK20:10:10, poultry manure, cattle dung, and no application served as control)} laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated thrice. Data were collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Fisher's least significant difference (FLSD) was used to separate means. Results of the study revealed that onions raised on beds had statistically higher growth and yield parameters than the ridge bed system. Therefore, the onion planted on bed type system recorded the highest yields with bulb weight (13.45t/ha) and (23.35 t/ha) in both years. On the fertilizer types, NPK 20:10:10 application recorded the highest bulb weight of 14.57t/ha and 35.75t/ha in both years, followed by poultry manure with bulb weight of 11.29t/ha and 11.61t/ha and cattle dung with bulb weight of 10.70t/ha and 12.94t/ha while untreated (control) gave the lowest yields with bulb weight/plot 9.21t/ha and 7.40t/ha respectively. It is recommended that the application of NPK 20:10:10 fertilizers on bed type system be adopted for optimum yield of Onions in Makurdi, Nigeria. Furthermore, in the scarcity or high cost of NPK fertilizers, smallholder farmers in the study location can adopt either poultry manure or cattle dung as a substitute to boost yields of onions.","PeriodicalId":147153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research","volume":" July","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140682634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.18488/ijsar.v11i1.3602
Waizah Yakub, Onwu Clement Alex
A field trail was conducted in Bennubyen flood plain of Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria to evaluate the effect of cow dung and urea on some soil properties and growth of Amarathus hybridus, The experiment was laid out in a Randomized complete block design (RCBD), with seven treatments replicated three times, T1 receives 30 t/ha, T2 received 150 kg/ha, T3 received 75kg/ha + 30 t/ha, T4 received 15 t/ha + 150 kg/ha, T5 received 15 t/ha T6 received 75 kg/ha, and T7 received no treatment and serve as the control. The pre cropping soil analysis when compared with post cropping soil analysis showed that, application of organic and inorganic fertilizers improved soil OC, OM, N %, ECEC, and available P, while decrease was observed on the pH, Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe. The results on the growth parameters and yield of Amarathus hybridus were significantly (p<0.05) improved by the applications of urea and cow dung, the highest increase was observed on the treatment with cow dung (30 t/ha), urea (150 Kg/ha) and cow dung 15 t/ha combined with urea (75kg/ha). The use of urea and cow dung is therefore essential in increasing Amaranthus hybridus yield. Since no significant difference was found at 30 t /ha of cow dung, 150kg/ha of urea and 15t/ha of cow dung and 75kg /ha of urea combined, use of cow dung at the rate of 30t/ha is recommended.
{"title":"Effect of cow dung and urea on some soil properties and growth of Amaranthus in Bennubyen flood plain in Wukari","authors":"Waizah Yakub, Onwu Clement Alex","doi":"10.18488/ijsar.v11i1.3602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v11i1.3602","url":null,"abstract":"A field trail was conducted in Bennubyen flood plain of Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria to evaluate the effect of cow dung and urea on some soil properties and growth of Amarathus hybridus, The experiment was laid out in a Randomized complete block design (RCBD), with seven treatments replicated three times, T1 receives 30 t/ha, T2 received 150 kg/ha, T3 received 75kg/ha + 30 t/ha, T4 received 15 t/ha + 150 kg/ha, T5 received 15 t/ha T6 received 75 kg/ha, and T7 received no treatment and serve as the control. The pre cropping soil analysis when compared with post cropping soil analysis showed that, application of organic and inorganic fertilizers improved soil OC, OM, N %, ECEC, and available P, while decrease was observed on the pH, Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe. The results on the growth parameters and yield of Amarathus hybridus were significantly (p<0.05) improved by the applications of urea and cow dung, the highest increase was observed on the treatment with cow dung (30 t/ha), urea (150 Kg/ha) and cow dung 15 t/ha combined with urea (75kg/ha). The use of urea and cow dung is therefore essential in increasing Amaranthus hybridus yield. Since no significant difference was found at 30 t /ha of cow dung, 150kg/ha of urea and 15t/ha of cow dung and 75kg /ha of urea combined, use of cow dung at the rate of 30t/ha is recommended.","PeriodicalId":147153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139618450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.18488/ijsar.v10i3.3537
Sylvestre Havugimana, Daniel Nsengumuremyi, I. Kiseleva, Adjira Umukwiye
Amaranth is now cultivated almost all over the World for multiple purposes, such as a vegetable, seed food, feed for animals, medicine, and for industry uses. They are highly nutritious, with vitamins and minerals. Leaf area and leaf dry biomass are key parameters linked to plant growth and production. The relationship between leaf biomass and leaf surface area, as well as stem biomass and stem length, is important to our understanding of plant scaling relationships because of their relationship to plant survival. This paper aimed to evaluate the relationship between and within the leaf and stem parameters of nine different amaranth cultivars. The fresh leaves and stems were weighed in their fresh masses; the surface area for leaves was calculated by drawing a full leaf in square quadrats and then counting the square quadrats occupied by a leaf and the stem length was measured using a ruler. Our results indicated that there was a clear relationship between leaf fresh mass and leaf dry mass but a negative correlation between stem fresh mass and stem dry mass due to different internal contents such as water and substances. A low significance was obtained between leaf biomass and leaf surface area, stem biomass and stem length, and leaf biomass and stems biomass as well as leaf surface area and stem length. Our results revealed that this variability of values causes the disproportional ratio of fresh mass to dry mass due to the differentiation quantity of water and solutes within the leaves and stems.
{"title":"Evaluating the relationship between stem and leaf biomass as well as stem length and leaf surface area of amaranth cultivars in improving food plant","authors":"Sylvestre Havugimana, Daniel Nsengumuremyi, I. Kiseleva, Adjira Umukwiye","doi":"10.18488/ijsar.v10i3.3537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v10i3.3537","url":null,"abstract":"Amaranth is now cultivated almost all over the World for multiple purposes, such as a vegetable, seed food, feed for animals, medicine, and for industry uses. They are highly nutritious, with vitamins and minerals. Leaf area and leaf dry biomass are key parameters linked to plant growth and production. The relationship between leaf biomass and leaf surface area, as well as stem biomass and stem length, is important to our understanding of plant scaling relationships because of their relationship to plant survival. This paper aimed to evaluate the relationship between and within the leaf and stem parameters of nine different amaranth cultivars. The fresh leaves and stems were weighed in their fresh masses; the surface area for leaves was calculated by drawing a full leaf in square quadrats and then counting the square quadrats occupied by a leaf and the stem length was measured using a ruler. Our results indicated that there was a clear relationship between leaf fresh mass and leaf dry mass but a negative correlation between stem fresh mass and stem dry mass due to different internal contents such as water and substances. A low significance was obtained between leaf biomass and leaf surface area, stem biomass and stem length, and leaf biomass and stems biomass as well as leaf surface area and stem length. Our results revealed that this variability of values causes the disproportional ratio of fresh mass to dry mass due to the differentiation quantity of water and solutes within the leaves and stems.","PeriodicalId":147153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ecosystem contamination with heavy metals lead to the bioaccumulation of these elements in crops. Rice, a significant component of the human diet, can bioaccumulate heavy metals and is of public health concerns. Therefore, the current research aimed to investigate the bioaccumulation of the heavy metal zinc in several rice varieties from three rivers in Pakistan's Malakand Division. The Highest Zn concentration of 91.58± 6.25 mg kg−1 dry weight was observed in rice roots of China Basmati variety grown across River Swat, while the highest Zn concentration of 60.06 ± 4.41 mg kg−1 dry weight was observed in the stem of Mota Chawal on River Kabul. In a site-wise comparison of both River Swat and Kabul, the Zn concentrations in the stem of Sara Sela rice on River Panjkora were 55.5±4.37, showing significant differences among different sites on the rivers. Similarly, comparing metal concentrations in different rice varieties generally did not show significant differences between the varieties. Zn concentrations in rice were higher in the Swat River than in the rest in all cases. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) values for Zn were in the order of soil > roots > stem > leaves > grains for River Swat and Kabul. In contrast, for River Panjkora Zn concentration, the order was soil > stem > root > grains> leaves, respectively. Zn absorption by rice in the form of ions or particles generally affects plant phenotypic, physiological, and molecular development; hence, it must be considered in present varieties for the future.
{"title":"Bioaccumulation of zinc in rice (oryza sativa l.) from River Swat, Panjkora, And Kabul Pakistan","authors":"Ikram Ullah, Rafi Ullah, Hafsa Begum, Mohammad Nisar, Attaullah Mian, Hamed Ullah","doi":"10.18488/ijsar.v10i3.3532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v10i3.3532","url":null,"abstract":"Ecosystem contamination with heavy metals lead to the bioaccumulation of these elements in crops. Rice, a significant component of the human diet, can bioaccumulate heavy metals and is of public health concerns. Therefore, the current research aimed to investigate the bioaccumulation of the heavy metal zinc in several rice varieties from three rivers in Pakistan's Malakand Division. The Highest Zn concentration of 91.58± 6.25 mg kg−1 dry weight was observed in rice roots of China Basmati variety grown across River Swat, while the highest Zn concentration of 60.06 ± 4.41 mg kg−1 dry weight was observed in the stem of Mota Chawal on River Kabul. In a site-wise comparison of both River Swat and Kabul, the Zn concentrations in the stem of Sara Sela rice on River Panjkora were 55.5±4.37, showing significant differences among different sites on the rivers. Similarly, comparing metal concentrations in different rice varieties generally did not show significant differences between the varieties. Zn concentrations in rice were higher in the Swat River than in the rest in all cases. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) values for Zn were in the order of soil > roots > stem > leaves > grains for River Swat and Kabul. In contrast, for River Panjkora Zn concentration, the order was soil > stem > root > grains> leaves, respectively. Zn absorption by rice in the form of ions or particles generally affects plant phenotypic, physiological, and molecular development; hence, it must be considered in present varieties for the future.","PeriodicalId":147153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Integrated and organic nutrient management has become a focal point of current production systems seeking better perspectives on environmental friendliness. The food quality in such a scenario requires special consideration for ensuring safety during consumption. This study was conducted to understand the grain quality of the Bg300 rice variety grown under three fertilizer input systems: conventional (100% N supply with the recommended by the Department of Agriculture (DOA), integrated (50% of N provided with DOA recommended fertilizer + 25% of N supply with organic fertilizer), and 50% of N provided with organic fertilizer in dry tropical irrigated lowland systems in Sri Lanka. The grains were analyzed for proximate composition (moisture content, ash, protein, fat, fiber, and carbohydrate), micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn), and heavy metals (As, Cd, and Pb). The experiment was arranged as a randomized complete block design and conducted during five seasons, from the 2018-19 wet seasons to the 2020-21 wet seasons. The highest moisture content and carbohydrate content were reported with the organic system. The ash content and protein content significantly (p<0.05) changed with the respective levels of fertilizer in the three input systems. Cadmium and arsenic micronutrients were detected below the permissible level (0.4 and 0.2 ppm), while lead was detected above the permissible level (0.2 ppm). Integrated and organic systems can be used instead of the conventional fertilizer application method without compromising the quality of the rice grain.
{"title":"Nutritional qualities and heavy metals accumulation in grains: A study on lowland irrigated rice with different fertilizer inputs and growing seasons","authors":"Dmoe Ulapane, Amtt Abeykoon, Wmdm Wickramasinghe, Dwmmm Kumari, Daud Devasinghe, Dids Beneragama, L.D.B. Suriyagoda, W. Egodawatta","doi":"10.18488/ijsar.v10i3.3531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v10i3.3531","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated and organic nutrient management has become a focal point of current production systems seeking better perspectives on environmental friendliness. The food quality in such a scenario requires special consideration for ensuring safety during consumption. This study was conducted to understand the grain quality of the Bg300 rice variety grown under three fertilizer input systems: conventional (100% N supply with the recommended by the Department of Agriculture (DOA), integrated (50% of N provided with DOA recommended fertilizer + 25% of N supply with organic fertilizer), and 50% of N provided with organic fertilizer in dry tropical irrigated lowland systems in Sri Lanka. The grains were analyzed for proximate composition (moisture content, ash, protein, fat, fiber, and carbohydrate), micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn), and heavy metals (As, Cd, and Pb). The experiment was arranged as a randomized complete block design and conducted during five seasons, from the 2018-19 wet seasons to the 2020-21 wet seasons. The highest moisture content and carbohydrate content were reported with the organic system. The ash content and protein content significantly (p<0.05) changed with the respective levels of fertilizer in the three input systems. Cadmium and arsenic micronutrients were detected below the permissible level (0.4 and 0.2 ppm), while lead was detected above the permissible level (0.2 ppm). Integrated and organic systems can be used instead of the conventional fertilizer application method without compromising the quality of the rice grain.","PeriodicalId":147153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139230510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.18488/ijsar.v10i3.3423
V. H. González-Álvarez, Gabriela Alvarado-Rodríguez, Berenice Zárate-Prisiliano, Dulce Esther García-Marciano, Oyinkansola Suliat-Fadiji
R. microplus is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite of cattle that causes billions of dollars in losses in the global livestock economy and thus we evaluate the efficacy of a concentrate, using vegetable oils on the mortality of engorged female R. microplus ticks. For each group, 15 ticks were used and assigned to four treatments: T1-T4 and a control group (CG), that were not exposed to the extract at all. The ticks were immersed in each treatment for a period of 15 minutes. Upon completion, the specimens were removed from the container and the excess of product was removed using blotting paper. To determine mortality, the ticks were placed in Petri dishes and left to rest inside an extraction hood at 31.6 °C and 56% relative humidity and were observed every 24 hours for seven days. In the T1, mortality was 73% at 48 h post-treatment, while in the T2 - T4 groups, mortality was 100% at 24 h. The result shows that mixed vegetable oil extracts are a viable alternative for the control of R. microplus. We suggest further studies on its efficacy in vitro and in vivo using lower concentrations.
{"title":"In vitro ixodicidal action of a concentrate based on plant oils on rhipicephalus microplus engorged female ticks","authors":"V. H. González-Álvarez, Gabriela Alvarado-Rodríguez, Berenice Zárate-Prisiliano, Dulce Esther García-Marciano, Oyinkansola Suliat-Fadiji","doi":"10.18488/ijsar.v10i3.3423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v10i3.3423","url":null,"abstract":"R. microplus is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite of cattle that causes billions of dollars in losses in the global livestock economy and thus we evaluate the efficacy of a concentrate, using vegetable oils on the mortality of engorged female R. microplus ticks. For each group, 15 ticks were used and assigned to four treatments: T1-T4 and a control group (CG), that were not exposed to the extract at all. The ticks were immersed in each treatment for a period of 15 minutes. Upon completion, the specimens were removed from the container and the excess of product was removed using blotting paper. To determine mortality, the ticks were placed in Petri dishes and left to rest inside an extraction hood at 31.6 °C and 56% relative humidity and were observed every 24 hours for seven days. In the T1, mortality was 73% at 48 h post-treatment, while in the T2 - T4 groups, mortality was 100% at 24 h. The result shows that mixed vegetable oil extracts are a viable alternative for the control of R. microplus. We suggest further studies on its efficacy in vitro and in vivo using lower concentrations.","PeriodicalId":147153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127335700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.18488/ijsar.v10i2.3364
Simo Claude, Wamba Fotsop Oscar, Nyabeu Ngnikeu Pascaline Laure, Magwell Pierre Fils Rodrigue, Maffo Nguena Momo Lucinda, Tchoffo Djoudjeu Kennedy, Minyaka Emile, L. Gustave
S. platensis is a cyanobacterium known for its richness in protein and bioactive compounds, with very captivating therapeutic and nutritional properties. In Cameroon, the medium commonly used for the cultivation of S. platensis is Jourdan's medium which is expensive and less available. Thus, it is necessary to find an alternative medium that is more efficient, less expensive and more available. Nutrients present in agro-industrial by-products can be used to enhance the production of biomass and photosynthetic pigments of S. platensis. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the growth and Photosynthetic pigments productivity of S. platensis on the Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) medium. The culture medium was formulated by distilling different concentrations (0; 2; 4; 6; 8 and 10 g L-1) of ash from previously dried and incinerated OPEFB medium in distilled water. The highest optical density (1.01 ± 0.09), dry biomass (1.35 ± 0.10 g L-1) and productivity (0.032 g L-1d-1) were recorded on the medium formulated with 8 g L-1 of the OPEFB compared to the standard (Jourdan medium). The same medium showed the highest content of chlorophyll a (4.96 ± 0.31 mg L-1), chlorophyll b (2.21 ± 0.16 mg L-1) and carotenoids (1.43 ± 0.01 mg L-1). However, the protein (156.1 ± 0.70 mg L-1) and sugar (4.50 ± 0.43 mg L-1) contents recorded on the standard medium were significantly high (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the OPEFB medium is a potential medium for S. platensis culture that can replace the expensive and less accessible Jourdan medium.
S. platensis是一种以其丰富的蛋白质和生物活性化合物而闻名的蓝藻，具有非常迷人的治疗和营养特性。在喀麦隆，通常用于培养S. platensis的培养基是Jourdan培养基，这种培养基昂贵且不易获得。因此，有必要找到一种更有效、更便宜和更容易获得的替代介质。农工副产品中存在的营养物质可用于提高板栗的生物量和光合色素的生产。因此，本研究以油棕空果串(OPEFB)培养基为研究对象，对油棕的生长和光合色素产量进行了评价。培养基由不同浓度(0;2;4;6;在蒸馏水中从先前干燥和焚烧的OPEFB介质中提取8和10 g L-1的灰。与标准培养基(Jourdan培养基)相比，OPEFB配制的培养基中8 g L-1的光密度最高(1.01±0.09)，干生物量最高(1.35±0.10 g L-1)，生产率最高(0.032 g L-1 -1)。同一培养基中叶绿素a(4.96±0.31 mg L-1)、叶绿素b(2.21±0.16 mg L-1)和类胡萝卜素(1.43±0.01 mg L-1)含量最高。在标准培养基上，蛋白质(156.1±0.70 mg L-1)和糖(4.50±0.43 mg L-1)含量显著高于对照组(P < 0.05)。这些结果表明，OPEFB培养基是一种潜在的培养基，可以取代昂贵且不易获得的Jourdan培养基。
{"title":"Enhanced spirulina platensis growth for photosynthetic pigments production in oil palm empty fruit bunch medium","authors":"Simo Claude, Wamba Fotsop Oscar, Nyabeu Ngnikeu Pascaline Laure, Magwell Pierre Fils Rodrigue, Maffo Nguena Momo Lucinda, Tchoffo Djoudjeu Kennedy, Minyaka Emile, L. Gustave","doi":"10.18488/ijsar.v10i2.3364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v10i2.3364","url":null,"abstract":"S. platensis is a cyanobacterium known for its richness in protein and bioactive compounds, with very captivating therapeutic and nutritional properties. In Cameroon, the medium commonly used for the cultivation of S. platensis is Jourdan's medium which is expensive and less available. Thus, it is necessary to find an alternative medium that is more efficient, less expensive and more available. Nutrients present in agro-industrial by-products can be used to enhance the production of biomass and photosynthetic pigments of S. platensis. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the growth and Photosynthetic pigments productivity of S. platensis on the Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) medium. The culture medium was formulated by distilling different concentrations (0; 2; 4; 6; 8 and 10 g L-1) of ash from previously dried and incinerated OPEFB medium in distilled water. The highest optical density (1.01 ± 0.09), dry biomass (1.35 ± 0.10 g L-1) and productivity (0.032 g L-1d-1) were recorded on the medium formulated with 8 g L-1 of the OPEFB compared to the standard (Jourdan medium). The same medium showed the highest content of chlorophyll a (4.96 ± 0.31 mg L-1), chlorophyll b (2.21 ± 0.16 mg L-1) and carotenoids (1.43 ± 0.01 mg L-1). However, the protein (156.1 ± 0.70 mg L-1) and sugar (4.50 ± 0.43 mg L-1) contents recorded on the standard medium were significantly high (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the OPEFB medium is a potential medium for S. platensis culture that can replace the expensive and less accessible Jourdan medium.","PeriodicalId":147153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122753600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.18488/ijsar.v10i1.3309
Yahaya Alio Dan Ladi, Nomaou Dan Lamso, Maman Nassirou Ado, D. G. Iro, Y. Guéro
Niger, like other Sahelian countries, has experienced severe droughts that have led to the disappearance of vegetation cover in most regions and have led populations to adopt restoration techniques. This is the case of the practice of assisted natural regeneration (ANR) developed in the Maradi region. The objective of this study is therefore to quantify the fresh organic matter (FOM) of woody plants in ANR fields. The study fields were selected in two ANR terroirs (Boussaragui and Dan Saga). The direct method was used to quantify litter inputs from trees, shrubs and woody clumps that contribute to soil organic carbon stock (SOCS). Tree litter was quantified by a trap door and tussock litter by collection after clearing. The results of this work show that litterfall in the dry season occurs throughout the season, at different times depending on the terroir, with a shift in production peaks between plots in the same terroir. The average dry season litter production is 265.52 and 937.62 kg. ha-1 for Boussaragui and Dan Saga respectively. Trees and shrubs produce more litter and thus return more FOM to the soil than do tussocks. This study thus reveals that woody plants in ANR fields contribute significantly to improving the organic carbon stock of cultivated sandy soils.
{"title":"Restitution of fresh organic matter to the soil by woody plants in the fields of ANR in the Maradi region of central eastern Niger","authors":"Yahaya Alio Dan Ladi, Nomaou Dan Lamso, Maman Nassirou Ado, D. G. Iro, Y. Guéro","doi":"10.18488/ijsar.v10i1.3309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/ijsar.v10i1.3309","url":null,"abstract":"Niger, like other Sahelian countries, has experienced severe droughts that have led to the disappearance of vegetation cover in most regions and have led populations to adopt restoration techniques. This is the case of the practice of assisted natural regeneration (ANR) developed in the Maradi region. The objective of this study is therefore to quantify the fresh organic matter (FOM) of woody plants in ANR fields. The study fields were selected in two ANR terroirs (Boussaragui and Dan Saga). The direct method was used to quantify litter inputs from trees, shrubs and woody clumps that contribute to soil organic carbon stock (SOCS). Tree litter was quantified by a trap door and tussock litter by collection after clearing. The results of this work show that litterfall in the dry season occurs throughout the season, at different times depending on the terroir, with a shift in production peaks between plots in the same terroir. The average dry season litter production is 265.52 and 937.62 kg. ha-1 for Boussaragui and Dan Saga respectively. Trees and shrubs produce more litter and thus return more FOM to the soil than do tussocks. This study thus reveals that woody plants in ANR fields contribute significantly to improving the organic carbon stock of cultivated sandy soils.","PeriodicalId":147153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Research","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126255002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：