Introduction: The high rate of arteriovenous fistula maturation failure is a concern in a scenario of growing numbers of patients on hemodialysis. Non-vascular factors tied to maturation success have not been fully discussed.
Methods: This prospective observational cohort study included patients with CKD on dialysis or pre-dialysis prescribed arteriovenous fistula creation for the first time in an ambulatory surgical center in Joinville, Brazil, from January 2021 to July 2021. Anthropometric aspects, sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, and vascular parameters observed in Doppler ultrasound were analyzed. Variables associated with maturation were analyzed in multivariate models by logistic regression.
Results: Eighty-eight of 145 participants (60.1%) were males. Included patients had a median age of 59 years. Successful arteriovenous fistula maturation occurred in 113 (77.9%) patients. Factors such as increased BMI, hematocrit, arm circumference, and skinfold thickness were associated with lower chances of arteriovenous fistula maturation in univariate analysis. On the other hand, larger vein and artery diameter and fistulas in the more proximal portion of the arm were associated with higher maturation success. In multivariate analysis, smoking and larger skinfold and arm circumference were associated with lower chances of successful maturation. Increased systolic blood pressure and vein diameter were associated with greater chance of success.
Conclusion: In addition to the vascular parameters assessed in Doppler ultrasonography, factors related to obesity and/or nutritional aspects may influence arteriovenous fistula maturation.
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires long-lasting treatments and severe changes in the routine of children, which may favor a low quality of life (QoL) and damage to their mental health and that of their primary caregivers (PC). The present study aimed to investigate the presence of anxiety and depression and to analyze the QoL of children and adolescents diagnosed with CKD at stages 3, 4, and 5, and their PC.
Methods: We carried out an observational case-control study with 29 children and adolescents and their PC as the case group and 53 as the control group. International instruments, validated for the Brazilian population, were used: Child Anxiety Inventory (STAI-C), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PEDSQL), Child Depression Inventory (CDI), Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory (BAI; BDI), and the WHOQOL-bref.
Results: The study identified statistically significant differences in the PEDSQL total score (control group, 72.7 ± 19.5; case group, 63.3 ± 20.6; p = 0.0305) and in the psychosocial (control group, 70.5 ± 20.5 and case group, 61.4 ± 19.7; p = 0.0420) and school health dimensions (control group, 72.9 ± 21.0 and case group, 55.2 ± 19.8; p = 0.0003) and the presence of psychiatric comorbidity (depression and anxiety symptoms) in the case group (p = 0.02). As for PC, the study showed statistical significance for the prevalence of depression (p = 0.01) and anxiety (p = 0.02) symptoms.
Conclusion: Patients with CKD have lower QoL indices and more psychiatric comorbidities, and their PC are affected by the disease, with higher indices of depression and anxiety.
Introduction: Urinary catheter-related infection is commonly associated with bacterial biofilm. The impact of anaerobes is unknown, but their detection in the biofilm on this device has not been previously reported. This study aimed to evaluate the capability to recovery strict, facultative, and aerobic microorganisms in patients using bladder catheters from ICUs using conventional culture, sonication, urinary analysis, and mass spectrometry.
Methods: Parallel, sonicated bladder catheters from 29 critically ill patients were compared with their routine urine culture. Identification was performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization with time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
Results: The positivity rate in urine (n = 2, 3.4%) was lower than that in sonicated catheters (n = 7, 13.8%).
Conclusion: Bladder catheter sonication showed more positive culture results than urine samples for anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms. The role of anaerobes in urinary tract infection and catheter biofilm is discussed.
Introduction: Pulse wave velocity is used to diagnose central arterial stiffness (CAS) and quantify healthy vascular aging (HVA).
Objective: To evaluate the CAS and HVA in elderly patients with systemic blood pressure levels classified as optimal/normal.
Methods: A total of 102 patients without comorbidities and with systolic pressure (SP) < 120 mmHg and diastolic pressure (DP) < 80 mmHg were selected from the EVOPIU database (Pulse Wave Velocity of Elderly Individuals in an Urban area of Brazil). The carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (c-fPWV) and the central and peripheral pressures were evaluated in all patients. The patients were divided into four groups: G1: (n = 19, with c-fPWV < 7.6 m/s, without medication), G2 (n = 26, c-fPWV ≥ 7.6 m/s; without medication), G3 (n = 25, c-fPWV < 7.6 m/s with antihypertensive medication), and G4 (n = 32, c-fPWV ≥ 7.6 m/s with antihypertensive medication).
Results: In our sample, 56.7% of patients had c-fPWV ≥ 7.6 m/s. The central systolic pressure in G1 [99 (10) mmHg] was lower than that found in the other three groups [vs. 112 (14) mmHg, 111 (15), 112 (20) mmHg; P < 0.05)].
Conclusion: Older people with optimal arterial blood pressure do not necessarily have HVA and could have c-fPWV values close to the limits established for CAS diagnosis.
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