Pub Date : 2023-11-18DOI: 10.1177/27538699231214520
Vlad Glăveanu
This article focuses on the applied side of Possibility Studies and the methodologies that could be used to cultivate possibility thinking and empower participants to become agents within the field of the possible. It proposes Possibility Spaces as collaborative pop-up interventions in which theories, methods and practices from across disciplines co-evolve in order to engage with and to serve participants from a wide range of communities around the world. The article starts by outlining a conceptual framework for Possible Action (P-ACT), grounded in the relation between sense of the possible, personal agency and action, which is the theoretical basis for methodologies like PROMPT (Positioning / Repositioning / Original Repositioning / Making / Possibilities Transformed), discussed in great detail. Offered as an example of how to run Possibility Spaces, PROMPT is one among other action-research tools envisioned in the paper. A future of collaboration is ultimately argued for, one in which researchers and practitioners within Possibility Studies work together with local communities to develop more methodologies that foster transformative experiences of the possible – experiences grounded in the continuous interplay between enhanced sense of the possible, personal agency, and the enactment of new possibilities.
{"title":"Possibility Spaces: An invitation to foster transformative experiences of the possible","authors":"Vlad Glăveanu","doi":"10.1177/27538699231214520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538699231214520","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the applied side of Possibility Studies and the methodologies that could be used to cultivate possibility thinking and empower participants to become agents within the field of the possible. It proposes Possibility Spaces as collaborative pop-up interventions in which theories, methods and practices from across disciplines co-evolve in order to engage with and to serve participants from a wide range of communities around the world. The article starts by outlining a conceptual framework for Possible Action (P-ACT), grounded in the relation between sense of the possible, personal agency and action, which is the theoretical basis for methodologies like PROMPT (Positioning / Repositioning / Original Repositioning / Making / Possibilities Transformed), discussed in great detail. Offered as an example of how to run Possibility Spaces, PROMPT is one among other action-research tools envisioned in the paper. A future of collaboration is ultimately argued for, one in which researchers and practitioners within Possibility Studies work together with local communities to develop more methodologies that foster transformative experiences of the possible – experiences grounded in the continuous interplay between enhanced sense of the possible, personal agency, and the enactment of new possibilities.","PeriodicalId":147349,"journal":{"name":"Possibility Studies & Society","volume":"13 1","pages":"436 - 450"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139261070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-18DOI: 10.1177/27538699231210907
Samantha Copeland
This paper begins with the paradox of teaching ethics, that we teach ethical theory in the form of general rules whereas the practice of ethics occurs in dynamic and uncertain contexts. I argue, utilizing literature that highlights the role of anticipation and relationships in ethical practice, that the goal of ethics is not consensus or agreement about what rule to follow, in a particular situation nor in general. That is, doing ethics is not about rule-making or decision-making; rather, this paper provides arguments from philosophical ethics as well as ethics education for understanding ethical practice as exploring the possible together. Drawing from these diverse perspectives, the paper contributes to discussions about the nature of ethics itself and how we should theorize about it. Finally, conclusions related to how an ethics of the possible could be taught and why it should be are offered.
{"title":"Doing ethics, and the possible","authors":"Samantha Copeland","doi":"10.1177/27538699231210907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538699231210907","url":null,"abstract":"This paper begins with the paradox of teaching ethics, that we teach ethical theory in the form of general rules whereas the practice of ethics occurs in dynamic and uncertain contexts. I argue, utilizing literature that highlights the role of anticipation and relationships in ethical practice, that the goal of ethics is not consensus or agreement about what rule to follow, in a particular situation nor in general. That is, doing ethics is not about rule-making or decision-making; rather, this paper provides arguments from philosophical ethics as well as ethics education for understanding ethical practice as exploring the possible together. Drawing from these diverse perspectives, the paper contributes to discussions about the nature of ethics itself and how we should theorize about it. Finally, conclusions related to how an ethics of the possible could be taught and why it should be are offered.","PeriodicalId":147349,"journal":{"name":"Possibility Studies & Society","volume":"131 3-4","pages":"427 - 435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139261876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-13DOI: 10.1177/27538699231211629
Wendy Ross, Vlad Glăveanu, Roy F Baumeister
{"title":"The new science of possibility","authors":"Wendy Ross, Vlad Glăveanu, Roy F Baumeister","doi":"10.1177/27538699231211629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538699231211629","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":147349,"journal":{"name":"Possibility Studies & Society","volume":"130 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136351979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.1177/27538699231205016
Heinz Streib
This text networks contributions from three disciplines: phenomenological-philosophical perspectives on the Other, current discussions in wisdom research, and developmental models of social perspective-taking. The common theme is the concept of the “other,” which is ambivalent, because, on the one hand, it may produce othering that can be the entry point into vicious circles of xenophobia, hate, and annihilation, but the Other may be the source of responsiveness and wisdom, on the other hand. A deeper understanding of responsiveness in the self-other relation results from a reading of Waldenfels’ philosophy. This sharpens the perspective on wisdom emerging from the relation to the Other, for which the neologism “xenosophia” is suggested, which supports the view that wisdom as xenosophia and xenophobia are opposites. The implications of Waldenfels’ responsive phenomenology for wisdom research are exemplified for two key concepts, intellectual humility and perspective-taking. Finally, for a developmental perspective on responsiveness to the Other, a typological model is proposed with reference to models of social perspective-taking in the tradition of Piaget and Selman. The proposed typology includes four styles of responsiveness: the egocentric, conventional, negotiatory, and xenocentric style. Implications for research are discussed.
{"title":"Wisdom and the Other: Responsiveness in development between the egocentric and xenocentric style","authors":"Heinz Streib","doi":"10.1177/27538699231205016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538699231205016","url":null,"abstract":"This text networks contributions from three disciplines: phenomenological-philosophical perspectives on the Other, current discussions in wisdom research, and developmental models of social perspective-taking. The common theme is the concept of the “other,” which is ambivalent, because, on the one hand, it may produce othering that can be the entry point into vicious circles of xenophobia, hate, and annihilation, but the Other may be the source of responsiveness and wisdom, on the other hand. A deeper understanding of responsiveness in the self-other relation results from a reading of Waldenfels’ philosophy. This sharpens the perspective on wisdom emerging from the relation to the Other, for which the neologism “xenosophia” is suggested, which supports the view that wisdom as xenosophia and xenophobia are opposites. The implications of Waldenfels’ responsive phenomenology for wisdom research are exemplified for two key concepts, intellectual humility and perspective-taking. Finally, for a developmental perspective on responsiveness to the Other, a typological model is proposed with reference to models of social perspective-taking in the tradition of Piaget and Selman. The proposed typology includes four styles of responsiveness: the egocentric, conventional, negotiatory, and xenocentric style. Implications for research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":147349,"journal":{"name":"Possibility Studies & Society","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135884037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.1177/27538699231206210
Victor Møller Poulsen, Simon DeDeo
{"title":"Large language models in the labyrinth: Possibility spaces and moral constraints","authors":"Victor Møller Poulsen, Simon DeDeo","doi":"10.1177/27538699231206210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538699231206210","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":147349,"journal":{"name":"Possibility Studies & Society","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135759075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.1177/27538699231201014
Enno von Fircks
In the present paper, I introduce the concept of the Zone of Inhibited Action (ZIA) for the knowledge production within universities. Different zones (Zone of Free Movement (elaborated within Lewinian field theory) extended by Zone of Promoted Action (ZPA) by Valsiner in conjunction with Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) known via the legacy of Lev Vygotsky are central to the present paper. The new concept (ZIA) is at the foreground. For that purpose, I draw upon an autoethnographic event—from the perspective of a student—showing how the ZFM, ZIA, ZPA relate to each other in an academic context. In this regard, I exemplify how negotiation between course instructor and student can help to define and sharpen the borders of the ZIA and ZPA which alters the relation of the life-space. Here, I underline that democratic back-and-forth negotiation makes the ZPA and ZIA dynamic meaning that different actions become promoted or inhibited. ZIA and ZPA only become illuminated in a democratic back-and-forth-process between student and course instructor which changes their relation to the ZFM showing that the borders of the ZFM become re-structured.
{"title":"Enhancing and inhibiting: Framing of innovation in educational encounters","authors":"Enno von Fircks","doi":"10.1177/27538699231201014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538699231201014","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper, I introduce the concept of the Zone of Inhibited Action (ZIA) for the knowledge production within universities. Different zones (Zone of Free Movement (elaborated within Lewinian field theory) extended by Zone of Promoted Action (ZPA) by Valsiner in conjunction with Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) known via the legacy of Lev Vygotsky are central to the present paper. The new concept (ZIA) is at the foreground. For that purpose, I draw upon an autoethnographic event—from the perspective of a student—showing how the ZFM, ZIA, ZPA relate to each other in an academic context. In this regard, I exemplify how negotiation between course instructor and student can help to define and sharpen the borders of the ZIA and ZPA which alters the relation of the life-space. Here, I underline that democratic back-and-forth negotiation makes the ZPA and ZIA dynamic meaning that different actions become promoted or inhibited. ZIA and ZPA only become illuminated in a democratic back-and-forth-process between student and course instructor which changes their relation to the ZFM showing that the borders of the ZFM become re-structured.","PeriodicalId":147349,"journal":{"name":"Possibility Studies & Society","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1177/27538699231200093
Christian List
We ordinarily think that we human beings have agency: we have control over our choices and make a difference to our environments. Yet it is not obvious how agency can fit into a physical world that is governed by exceptionless laws of nature. In particular, it is unclear how agency is possible if those laws are deterministic and the universe functions like a mechanical clockwork. In this short paper, I first explain the apparent conflict between agency and physical determinism (referring to recent work by Helen Steward), then review some salient responses one might give to this conflict, and finally sketch a response that rests on a distinction between “physical” and “agential possibilities.” Agency, I suggest, is a higher-level phenomenon, which comes with its own level-specific notion of possibility, and it cannot be adequately analyzed in physical terms alone or just through the lens of physical possibility.
{"title":"Agential possibilities","authors":"Christian List","doi":"10.1177/27538699231200093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538699231200093","url":null,"abstract":"We ordinarily think that we human beings have agency: we have control over our choices and make a difference to our environments. Yet it is not obvious how agency can fit into a physical world that is governed by exceptionless laws of nature. In particular, it is unclear how agency is possible if those laws are deterministic and the universe functions like a mechanical clockwork. In this short paper, I first explain the apparent conflict between agency and physical determinism (referring to recent work by Helen Steward), then review some salient responses one might give to this conflict, and finally sketch a response that rests on a distinction between “physical” and “agential possibilities.” Agency, I suggest, is a higher-level phenomenon, which comes with its own level-specific notion of possibility, and it cannot be adequately analyzed in physical terms alone or just through the lens of physical possibility.","PeriodicalId":147349,"journal":{"name":"Possibility Studies & Society","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135536753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1177/27538699231191006
Samantha Copeland, Selene Arfini, Wendy Ross
The phrase enacting chance denotes the generation of possibilities, that is, to make something possible. —Lambros Malafouris, this issue. Possibilities studies is concerned with understanding what it means to have a sense of the multiple and open-ended nature of our presents, futures, and pasts (Glăveanu, 2023)— what Baumeister calls the matrix of maybes (Baumeister & Alquist, 2023). From the perspective of chance and serendipity scholars, this uncertainty comes from the dynamic interaction of people and things that arise naturally from living in a world in flux and reflect the dynamic nature of environmental change (Rietveld, 2022). Indeed, one of the consequences of a world in flux is that chance arises all around us and is part of our everyday. Take a commute to work in a typical Western metropolis. Chance operates on a series of mundane levels from the socio-political scale of whether last-minute talks have been successful, and so the train driver’s union has called off their industrial action, to whether you crossed paths with the chatty neighbor who would delay you. Despite bestlaid plans, arrival times are not determined. Even on the micro-level, walking involves the negotiation of random variations in people flow around the walker and the pavement surface, so each placement of a foot requires the navigation of uncertainty. However, these forms of chance do not violate expectations—they are within an easily visualized space of possible occurrences and constitute predictable components of the matrix of possibilities. However, when we write about enacting chance in relation to possibilities, we are interested in how people use chance events to expand the existing possibility space in unpredictable and unanticipated ways. We are not interested in expected chance variations but in the sort of chance-inspired change which elicits unexpected effects. The nature of these effects may be on a personal or historical level (cf Boden, 2004) and may have effects on longer or shorter timescales (Ross, 2022). Still, they have in common that they open up the Possible in ways that cannot be currently envisaged (Hanchett Hanson, 2023). This is why the study of engagement with chance and the complex relationship between
{"title":"Enacting chance and the space of possibilities","authors":"Samantha Copeland, Selene Arfini, Wendy Ross","doi":"10.1177/27538699231191006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538699231191006","url":null,"abstract":"The phrase enacting chance denotes the generation of possibilities, that is, to make something possible. —Lambros Malafouris, this issue. Possibilities studies is concerned with understanding what it means to have a sense of the multiple and open-ended nature of our presents, futures, and pasts (Glăveanu, 2023)— what Baumeister calls the matrix of maybes (Baumeister & Alquist, 2023). From the perspective of chance and serendipity scholars, this uncertainty comes from the dynamic interaction of people and things that arise naturally from living in a world in flux and reflect the dynamic nature of environmental change (Rietveld, 2022). Indeed, one of the consequences of a world in flux is that chance arises all around us and is part of our everyday. Take a commute to work in a typical Western metropolis. Chance operates on a series of mundane levels from the socio-political scale of whether last-minute talks have been successful, and so the train driver’s union has called off their industrial action, to whether you crossed paths with the chatty neighbor who would delay you. Despite bestlaid plans, arrival times are not determined. Even on the micro-level, walking involves the negotiation of random variations in people flow around the walker and the pavement surface, so each placement of a foot requires the navigation of uncertainty. However, these forms of chance do not violate expectations—they are within an easily visualized space of possible occurrences and constitute predictable components of the matrix of possibilities. However, when we write about enacting chance in relation to possibilities, we are interested in how people use chance events to expand the existing possibility space in unpredictable and unanticipated ways. We are not interested in expected chance variations but in the sort of chance-inspired change which elicits unexpected effects. The nature of these effects may be on a personal or historical level (cf Boden, 2004) and may have effects on longer or shorter timescales (Ross, 2022). Still, they have in common that they open up the Possible in ways that cannot be currently envisaged (Hanchett Hanson, 2023). This is why the study of engagement with chance and the complex relationship between","PeriodicalId":147349,"journal":{"name":"Possibility Studies & Society","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121948825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.1177/27538699231193539
T. E. Feiten, Zachary Peck, Kristopher J. Holland, A. Chemero
Creativity is sometimes understood as the individual, mental creation of novelty which is then imposed as form onto a material substrate. On this view, constraints would feature only as obstacles in the creative process. In contrast, we support the view that creativity emerges from the interactions between human agents and the material, cultural, and social constraints that comprise a particular situation. In this account, constraints play a key enabling role, scaffolding the space of possibilities in which improvisation and chance give rise to novelty. In this paper, we review experimental work on interpersonal synergies between jazz pianists, which provides a scientific framework from which to approach the complex relationship between chance, constraints, and creativity. We also explore two case studies from the science of complexity and the creative arts in order to substantiate this notion of creative constraints: Anthony Braxton’s musical innovation at the intersection between composition and improvisation, and Marcel Duchamp’s radical interventions in the fields of sculpture and conceptual art.
{"title":"Constructive constraints: On the role of chance and complexity in artistic creativity","authors":"T. E. Feiten, Zachary Peck, Kristopher J. Holland, A. Chemero","doi":"10.1177/27538699231193539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538699231193539","url":null,"abstract":"Creativity is sometimes understood as the individual, mental creation of novelty which is then imposed as form onto a material substrate. On this view, constraints would feature only as obstacles in the creative process. In contrast, we support the view that creativity emerges from the interactions between human agents and the material, cultural, and social constraints that comprise a particular situation. In this account, constraints play a key enabling role, scaffolding the space of possibilities in which improvisation and chance give rise to novelty. In this paper, we review experimental work on interpersonal synergies between jazz pianists, which provides a scientific framework from which to approach the complex relationship between chance, constraints, and creativity. We also explore two case studies from the science of complexity and the creative arts in order to substantiate this notion of creative constraints: Anthony Braxton’s musical innovation at the intersection between composition and improvisation, and Marcel Duchamp’s radical interventions in the fields of sculpture and conceptual art.","PeriodicalId":147349,"journal":{"name":"Possibility Studies & Society","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132226095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1177/27538699231182879
Matthew J. Worwood, J. Kaufman
There are many approaches to understanding how creativity is manifested, from the influence of the context or environment to understanding differences in processes or domains. However, less work has focused on a creator’s instinctual reaction to external stimuli and how it shapes the creative activities that follow. This paper proposes the CAUSE Model of Creativity Languages: Connect, Apply, Understand, Share, and Express. The authors consider how an individual’s varying levels across these five Creativity Languages (innate, proficient, independent, basic, or dormant) may influence creative behavior, choice of domains to pursue, and potential eventual success. The model is also discussed in terms of potential measurement as well as how it could intersect with the Four C’s Model of creativity, including how Pro-c creators would benefit from understanding all five Creativity Languages.
{"title":"Introducing the CAUSE model and five Creativity Languages","authors":"Matthew J. Worwood, J. Kaufman","doi":"10.1177/27538699231182879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27538699231182879","url":null,"abstract":"There are many approaches to understanding how creativity is manifested, from the influence of the context or environment to understanding differences in processes or domains. However, less work has focused on a creator’s instinctual reaction to external stimuli and how it shapes the creative activities that follow. This paper proposes the CAUSE Model of Creativity Languages: Connect, Apply, Understand, Share, and Express. The authors consider how an individual’s varying levels across these five Creativity Languages (innate, proficient, independent, basic, or dormant) may influence creative behavior, choice of domains to pursue, and potential eventual success. The model is also discussed in terms of potential measurement as well as how it could intersect with the Four C’s Model of creativity, including how Pro-c creators would benefit from understanding all five Creativity Languages.","PeriodicalId":147349,"journal":{"name":"Possibility Studies & Society","volume":"405 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134212976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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