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Financial inclusion and environmental sustainability in Ghana: application of the dynamic ARDL estimator. 加纳的金融包容性和环境可持续性:动态 ARDL 估算器的应用。
IF 5.8 Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19994-2
Mohammed Musah

Numerous explorations have been conducted on the determinants of Ghana's environmental quality. However, to the best of my knowledge, there has been no research on the connection between financial inclusion and environmental sustainability in the country. This study was therefore conducted to help fill that gap. In attaining the aforestated goal, econometric techniques that yield valid and reliable outcomes were engaged. From the results, all the series were first differenced stationary and cointegrated in the long run. The DARDL estimator with the support of the conventional ARDL estimator was adopted to explore the marginal effects of the predictors on the explained variable, and from the results, financial inclusion worsened environmental sustainability in the nation via high carbon emissions. Also, foreign direct investments degraded the country's ecological quality validating the pollution haven hypothesis. Finally, trade openness, population growth, and energy consumption were detrimental to environmental sustainability in the nation. On the causal directions amidst the series, unidirectional causalities from financial inclusion and trade openness to carbon effusions were disclosed. Also, feedback causalities between foreign direct investments and carbon emissions; between population growth and carbon effluents; and between energy consumption and carbon exudates were unfolded. The study recommended among others that, financial establishments should not fund the production of carbon-intensive goods, but those that are friendly to the environment. The government can also help to improve environmental sustainability by establishing regulations to mandate financial entities to engage in eco-friendly activities.

关于加纳环境质量的决定因素,已经进行了大量探索。然而,据我所知,还没有关于加纳金融包容性与环境可持续性之间联系的研究。因此,本研究的开展有助于填补这一空白。为实现上述目标,我们采用了能产生有效可靠结果的计量经济学技术。从结果来看,所有序列都是第一次差分静态和长期协整的。在传统 ARDL 估算器的支持下,采用了 DARDL 估算器来探索预测变量对被解释变量的边际效应。此外,外国直接投资也降低了国家的生态质量,验证了污染天堂假说。最后,贸易开放度、人口增长和能源消耗不利于国家的环境可持续性。在一系列因果关系中,金融包容性和贸易开放度与碳排放之间存在单向因果关系。此外,研究还揭示了外国直接投资与碳排放之间、人口增长与碳排放之间以及能源消耗与碳排放之间的反馈因果关系。研究建议,金融机构不应资助碳密集型产品的生产,而应资助那些对环境友好的产品。政府也可以通过制定法规,要求金融实体参与生态友好型活动,从而帮助提高环境的可持续性。
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引用次数: 0
A natural genetic variation screen identifies insulin signaling, neuronal communication, and innate immunity as modifiers of hyperglycemia in the absence of Sirt1. 自然遗传变异筛选确定了胰岛素信号、神经元通讯和先天性免疫是 Sirt1 缺失时高血糖的调节因子。
IF 2.1 Pub Date : 2022-05-30 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac090
Rebecca A S Palu, Katie G Owings, John G Garces, Audrey Nicol

Variation in the onset, progression, and severity of symptoms associated with metabolic disorders such as diabetes impairs the diagnosis and treatment of at-risk patients. Diabetes symptoms, and patient variation in these symptoms, are attributed to a combination of genetic and environmental factors, but identifying the genes and pathways that modify diabetes in humans has proven difficult. A greater understanding of genetic modifiers and the ways in which they interact with metabolic pathways could improve the ability to predict a patient's risk for severe symptoms, as well as enhance the development of individualized therapeutic approaches. In this study, we use the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel to identify genetic variation influencing hyperglycemia associated with loss of Sirt1 function. Through analysis of individual candidate functions, physical interaction networks, and gene set enrichment analysis, we identify not only modifiers involved in canonical glucose metabolism and insulin signaling, but also genes important for neuronal signaling and the innate immune response. Furthermore, reducing the expression of several of these candidates suppressed hyperglycemia, making them potential candidate therapeutic targets. These analyses showcase the diverse processes contributing to glucose homeostasis and open up several avenues of future investigation.

与糖尿病等代谢性疾病相关的症状在发病、发展和严重程度上的差异,影响了对高危患者的诊断和治疗。糖尿病症状以及患者在这些症状上的差异可归因于遗传和环境因素的综合作用,但要确定改变人类糖尿病的基因和途径却很困难。进一步了解遗传修饰因子及其与代谢途径相互作用的方式,可以提高预测患者出现严重症状风险的能力,并促进个体化治疗方法的开发。在这项研究中,我们利用果蝇遗传参考面板来鉴定影响与 Sirt1 功能缺失相关的高血糖的遗传变异。通过分析单个候选功能、物理相互作用网络和基因组富集分析,我们不仅发现了参与典型葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素信号转导的修饰因子,还发现了对神经元信号转导和先天性免疫反应很重要的基因。此外,减少其中几个候选基因的表达可抑制高血糖,使它们成为潜在的候选治疗靶点。这些分析展示了导致葡萄糖稳态的多种过程,并为今后的研究开辟了几条途径。
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引用次数: 0
[Epidemiological characteristics and treatment outcome analysis of 229 patients with hydrofluoric acid burns in hands]. [229 名氢氟酸烧伤手部患者的流行病学特征和治疗效果分析]。
Pub Date : 2022-02-20 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20210517-00188
M J Zhang, S L Mao, J F Zhang, X G Wang, L F Ni, Y H Zhang
<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the epidemiological characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with hydrofluoric acid burns in hands. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective observational study was conducted. The medical records of 229 patients with hydrofluoric acid burns in hands who were admitted to Zhejiang Quhua Hospital from January 2008 to December 2020 and met the inclusion criteria were collected. The following statistical data of patients were collected, including gender, age, type of affiliated enterprise, hydrofluoric acid mass fraction, injury site, total burn area, prehospital time, length of hospital stay, length of wound healing, whether hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia occurred or not on admission, whether surgery intervention was performed or not, and whether scar sequelae occurred or not. Single factor and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to screen out the risk factors impacting surgery intervention and scar sequelae of all the patients and patients whose hydrofluoric acid mass fraction was known. Single factor and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to screen out the risk factors impacting the length of wound healing of all the patients and patients whose hydrofluoric acid mass fraction was known. <b>Results:</b> The 229 patients included 206 males and 23 females, with the majority aged 30 to 50 years (139 patients). The type of affiliated enterprise of majority patients was non-fluorine chemical enterprise. The hydrofluoric acid mass fraction was known in only 91 patients, mainly medium. The majority injury site was in the middle and end of finger. The total burn area was below or equal to 1% total body surface area. The prehospital time was 19 (9, 29) h. The length of hospital stay was 2 (1, 7) d. The length of wound healing was 12 (8, 18) d. The proportions of hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia were 0.9% (2/229) and 1.3% (3/229) on admission, respectively. Thirty-six patients had surgeries and 83 patients had scar sequelae. In 229 patients, single factor logistic regression analysis showed that both type of affiliated enterprise and prehospital time were the factors impacting surgery intervention (with odds ratio values of 7.86 and 51.35, respectively, 95% confidence intervals of 1.83-33.76 and 11.89-221.78, respectively, <i>P</i><0.01) and scar sequelae of patients (with odds ratio values of 3.62 and 27.40, respectively, 95% confidence intervals of 1.76-7.43 and 13.25-56.68, respectively, <i>P</i><0.01); multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that prehospital time was the independent risks factor impacting surgery intervention and scar sequelae of patients (with odds ratio values of 43.00 and 24.55, respectively, 95% confidence intervals of 9.89-187.03 and 11.78-51.16, respectively, <i>P</i><0.01); single factor linear regression analysis showed that both type of affiliated enterprise and prehospital time were the factors impacting the length of wound healing of patients (with <i>β
目的:探讨手部氢氟酸烧伤患者的流行病学特征和治疗效果:探讨手部氢氟酸烧伤患者的流行病学特征和治疗效果。方法:进行回顾性观察研究:进行回顾性观察研究。收集 2008 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月浙江省衢化医院收治的 229 例符合纳入标准的手部氢氟酸烧伤患者的病历资料。收集患者的以下统计数据:性别、年龄、所属企业类型、氢氟酸质量分数、受伤部位、烧伤总面积、入院前时间、住院时间、伤口愈合时间、入院时是否发生低钙血症和低镁血症、是否进行手术干预、是否发生瘢痕后遗症。对所有患者和已知氢氟酸质量分数的患者进行单因素和多变量逻辑回归分析,筛选出影响手术干预和疤痕后遗症的风险因素。采用单因素和多变量线性回归分析筛选出影响所有患者和已知氢氟酸质量分数的患者伤口愈合时间的风险因素。结果229 例患者中,男性 206 例,女性 23 例,年龄大多在 30 至 50 岁之间(139 例)。大多数患者的所属企业类型为非氟化工企业。只有 91 名患者知道氢氟酸的质量分数,主要为中等。大多数患者的损伤部位在手指的中部和末端。总烧伤面积低于或等于体表总面积的 1%。入院时出现低钙血症和低镁血症的比例分别为 0.9%(2/229)和 1.3%(3/229)。36 名患者接受过手术,83 名患者有疤痕后遗症。在229例患者中,单因素Logistic回归分析显示,附属企业类型和院前时间都是影响手术干预的因素(比值分别为7.86和51.35,95%置信区间分别为1.83-33.76和11.89-221.78,PPPβ值分别为6.16和12.83,95%置信区间分别为3.38-8.93和10.72-14.93,Pβ 值分别为 2.81 和 12.16,95% 置信区间分别为 0.50-5.13 和 10.00-14.31,PPPPPPβ 值分别为 7.12、-5.63、-9.74 和 13.50,95% 置信区间分别为 2.PPβ值分别为-5.84和0.09,95%置信区间分别为-10.59--1.08和0.05-0.12,PPConclusions:手部氢氟酸烧伤患者以中青年男性居多。附属企业类型、氢氟酸质量分数和院前时间是影响手部氢氟酸烧伤患者治疗效果的风险因素。
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引用次数: 0
Quel est votre diagnostic ? 你的诊断是什么?
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0221-0363(07)89866-0
T. Tuilier , C. Darii , B. Delorme , D. Weil , C. Aubé
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引用次数: 0
[Interventional radiology]. 介入放射学。
Pub Date : 2020-02-02 DOI: 10.32388/47hehh
A. Ramée, R. Duvauferrier
“Both procedures provided excellent pain relief and the complication rates were similarly very low,” explains Kennith Layton, MD, MS, FAHA, director of interventional neuroradiology at Baylor University Medical Center and co-author of the paper. “Given the results of the study, patients, referring physicians and surgeons can feel confident that either procedure can effectively treat vertebral compression fractures.”
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引用次数: 0
Novelty and Novel Objects Increase c-Fos Immunoreactivity in Mossy Cells in the Mouse Dentate Gyrus. 新奇感和新物体会增加小鼠齿状回苔藓细胞中的 c-Fos 免疫反应。
IF 3.1 Pub Date : 2019-08-27 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1815371
Hannah L Bernstein, Yi-Ling Lu, Justin J Botterill, Helen E Scharfman

The dentate gyrus (DG) and its primary cell type, the granule cell (GC), are thought to be critical to many cognitive functions. A major neuronal subtype of the DG is the hilar mossy cell (MC). MCs have been considered to play an important role in cognition, but in vivo studies to understand the activity of MCs during cognitive tasks are challenging because the experiments usually involve trauma to the overlying hippocampus or DG, which kills hilar neurons. In addition, restraint typically occurs, and MC activity is reduced by brief restraint stress. Social isolation often occurs and is potentially confounding. Therefore, we used c-fos protein expression to understand when MCs are active in vivo in socially housed adult C57BL/6 mice in their home cage. We focused on c-fos protein expression after animals explored novel objects, based on previous work which showed that MCs express c-fos protein readily in response to a novel housing location. Also, MCs are required for the training component of the novel object location task and novelty-encoding during a food-related task. GluR2/3 was used as a marker of MCs. The results showed that MC c-fos protein is greatly increased after exposure to novel objects, especially in ventral DG. We also found that novel objects produced higher c-fos levels than familiar objects. Interestingly, a small subset of neurons that did not express GluR2/3 also increased c-fos protein after novel object exposure. In contrast, GCs appeared relatively insensitive. The results support a growing appreciation of the role of the DG in novelty detection and novel object recognition, where hilar neurons and especially MCs are very sensitive.

人们认为齿状回(DG)及其主要细胞类型--颗粒细胞(GC)对许多认知功能至关重要。齿状回的一个主要神经元亚型是桥粒苔藓细胞(MC)。MC一直被认为在认知中扮演着重要角色,但要了解MC在认知任务中的活动,体内研究具有挑战性,因为实验通常涉及对上覆海马或DG的创伤,这会杀死栅状神经元。此外,实验中通常会出现束缚,而短暂的束缚应激会降低 MC 的活性。社会隔离经常发生,可能会造成混淆。因此,我们利用c-fos蛋白表达来了解社交饲养的成年C57BL/6小鼠体内MC何时活跃。我们重点研究了动物探索新物体后 c-fos 蛋白的表达情况,因为之前的研究表明,MCs 在对新的饲养地点做出反应时很容易表达 c-fos 蛋白。此外,在新物体定位任务的训练部分和食物相关任务的新奇编码过程中都需要 MCs。GluR2/3被用作MCs的标记。结果显示,暴露于新奇物体后,MC c-fos蛋白大大增加,尤其是在腹侧DG中。我们还发现,与熟悉的物体相比,新物体会产生更高的c-fos水平。有趣的是,一小部分不表达 GluR2/3 的神经元也在接触新物体后增加了 c-fos 蛋白。相比之下,GCs 则显得相对不敏感。这些结果支持了人们对 DG 在新奇事物检测和新奇物体识别中的作用的越来越多的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Ultrasound of the Peripheral Nerves 周围神经超声
Pub Date : 2019-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/MED/9780190938178.003.0127
Carlo Martinoli, S. Airaldi, F. Zaottini
The most common disorders affecting peripheral nerves that are amenable to US examination are illustrated in Chapter 126, including compressive neuropathies, polyneuropathies, nerve injuries, tumors, and tumorlike lesions. There is an expanding evidence base to support the use of high-resolution US as an imaging tool to evaluate the peripheral nervous system. However, the highly operator-dependent nature and level of technical expertise required to perform an adequate US assessment of peripheral neuropathies means that appropriate training and an in-depth knowledge of anatomy and clinical findings are required. A careful US approach with thorough understanding of soft tissue planes and extensive familiarity with anatomy are prerequisites for obtaining reliable information regarding these types of examinations.
最常见的影响周围神经的疾病,包括压迫性神经病、多发性神经病、神经损伤、肿瘤和肿瘤样病变,在第126章中进行了说明。越来越多的证据支持使用高分辨率超声作为评估周围神经系统的成像工具。然而,要对周围神经病变进行充分的美国评估,需要高度依赖操作者的性质和技术专长水平,这意味着需要适当的培训和深入的解剖学和临床表现知识。仔细的美国方法,对软组织平面的透彻理解和对解剖学的广泛熟悉是获得这些类型检查可靠信息的先决条件。
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引用次数: 0
[Nuclear medicine]. (核医学)。
Pub Date : 2019-02-15 DOI: 10.1002/9781118671016.ch8
D. Vallens, F. Langevin
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引用次数: 0
[Cardiac tumors]. [心脏肿瘤]。
Pub Date : 2018-09-03 DOI: 10.1201/9781351175975-50
J. P. Laissy, P. Fernandez, E. Mousseaux, J. Dacher, D. Crochet
Metastases are the most frequent tumors of the heart even though they seldom are recognized. Most primary cardiac tumors are benign. The main role of imaging is to differentiate a cardiac tumor from thrombus and rare pseudotumors: tuberculoma, hydatid cyst. Echocardiography is the fist line imaging technique to detect cardiac tumors, but CT and MRI are useful for further characterization and differential diagnosis. Myxoma of the left atrium is the most frequent benign cardiac tumor. It usually is pedunculated and sometimes calcified. Sarcoma is the most frequent primary malignant tumor and usually presents as a sessile infiltrative tumor. Lymphoma and metastases are usually recognized by the presence of known tumor elsewhere of by characteristic direct contiguous involvement. Diagnosing primary and secondary pericardial tumors often is difficult. Imaging is valuable for diagnosis, characterization, presurgical evaluation and follow-up.
转移瘤是最常见的心脏肿瘤,尽管它们很少被识别。大多数原发性心脏肿瘤是良性的。影像学的主要作用是区分心脏肿瘤、血栓和罕见的假肿瘤:结核瘤、棘球蚴。超声心动图是检测心脏肿瘤的一线成像技术,但CT和MRI有助于进一步表征和鉴别诊断。左心房粘液瘤是最常见的良性心脏肿瘤。它通常有蒂,有时钙化。肉瘤是最常见的原发性恶性肿瘤,通常表现为固着浸润性肿瘤。淋巴瘤和转移通常通过在其他地方存在已知肿瘤而不是通过特征性的直接连续受累来识别。诊断原发性和继发性心包肿瘤通常很困难。影像学对诊断、特征、术前评估和随访都很有价值。
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引用次数: 3
Kindlin1 regulates microtubule function to ensure normal mitosis. Kindlin1 可调节微管功能,确保有丝分裂正常进行。
IF 5.5 Pub Date : 2016-08-01 Epub Date: 2016-03-18 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjw009
Hitesh Patel, Ifigeneia Stavrou, Roshan L Shrestha, Viji Draviam, Margaret C Frame, Valerie G Brunton

Loss of Kindlin 1 (Kin1) results in the skin blistering disorder Kindler Syndrome (KS), whose symptoms also include skin atrophy and reduced keratinocyte proliferation. Kin1 binds to integrins to modulate their activation and more recently it has been shown to regulate mitotic spindles and cell survival in a Plk1-dependent manner. Here we report that short-term Kin1 deletion in mouse skin results in impaired mitosis, which is associated with reduced acetylated tubulin (ac-tub) levels and cell proliferation. In cells, impaired mitosis and reduced ac-tub levels are also accompanied by reduced microtubule stability, all of which are rescued by HDAC6 inhibition. The ability of Kin1 to regulate HDAC6-dependent cellular ac-tub levels is dependent on its phosphorylation by Plk1. Taken together, these data define a novel role for Kin1 in microtubule acetylation and stability and offer a mechanistic insight into how certain KS phenotypes, such as skin atrophy and reduced cell proliferation, arise.

Kindlin 1(Kin1)的缺失会导致皮肤大疱性疾病金德勒综合征(KS),其症状还包括皮肤萎缩和角质细胞增殖减少。Kin1 与整合素结合以调节整合素的活化,最近的研究表明,它以一种依赖 Plk1 的方式调节有丝分裂纺锤体和细胞存活。在这里,我们报告了在小鼠皮肤中短期缺失 Kin1 会导致有丝分裂受损,这与乙酰化微管蛋白(ac-tub)水平降低和细胞增殖有关。在细胞中,有丝分裂受阻和乙酰化微管水平降低还伴随着微管稳定性的降低,而所有这些都能通过抑制 HDAC6 得到挽救。Kin1调节依赖于HDAC6的细胞ac-tub水平的能力取决于Plk1对它的磷酸化。综上所述,这些数据确定了 Kin1 在微管乙酰化和稳定性中的新作用,并从机理上揭示了某些 KS 表型(如皮肤萎缩和细胞增殖减少)是如何产生的。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal De Radiologie
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