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Effects of Different Water Stress Levels on Biomass, Root Yield, and Some Physiological Parameters of Sorghum 不同水分胁迫水平对高粱生物量、根系产量及部分生理参数的影响
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.52547/jast.24.6.1487
E. Gonulal
This study was conducted under water stress conditions for two years (2017-2018) to investigate the effects of different water stress levels on biomass yield, root yield, root/shoot ratio, some physiological characteristics, Water Use Efficiency (WUE), seasonal water consumption, and yield reduction ratio of silage sorghum. Experiments were conducted in randomized blocks design. There were four different irrigation treatments including I 1 : Full irrigation; I 2 : 75% of I 1 ; I 3 : 50% of I 1 , and I 4 : 25% of I 1 ).). In 2017, dry biomass yields varied between 14.11 (I 4 ) and 26.02 t ha -1 (I 1 ), stomatal conductance between 72.2 (I 4 ) and 147.8 mmol m -2 s -1 (I 1 ), chlorophyll contents between 37 spad (I 4 ) and 42.1 spad (I 1 ), canopy temperatures between 27.2 (I 1 ) and 31.3 o C (I 4 ), and WUE between 4.5 (I 1 ) and 5.5 kg m -3 (I 3 ). In 2018, dry biomass yields varied between 14.51 (I 4 ) and 25.92 t ha -1 (I 1 ), stomatal conductance between 69.9 (I 4 ) and 129.5 mmol m -2 s -1 (I 1 ), chlorophyll contents between 39.7 spad (I 4 ) and 43.9 spad (I 1 ), canopy temperatures between 30.0 (I 1 ) and 34.5 o C (I 4 ), and WUE between 4.2 (I 1 ) and 4.9 kg m -3 (I 4 ). Based on two-year averages, dry root yields varied between 8.15 (I 4 ) and 13.27 t ha -1 (I 1 ), root/shoot ratios between 0.51(I 1 ) and 0.57 % (I 3 -I 4 ), seasonal water consumptions between 281(I 4 ) and 598 mm (I 1 ). Water stress reduced biomass yield, root yield, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll contents, and increased WUE and root/shoot ratios. Biomass yields decreased with increase in water stress, but this decrease was lower compared to the decrease in applied irrigation water quantities.
本试验在2017-2018年2年的水分胁迫条件下,研究了不同水分胁迫水平对青贮高粱生物量产量、根产量、根冠比、部分生理特性、水分利用效率(WUE)、季节耗水量和减产率的影响。实验采用随机分组设计。有四种不同的灌溉处理,包括I 1:完全灌溉;i2: i1的75%;i3: i1的50%,i4: i1的25%)。2017年干生物量产量在14.11 ~ 26.02 t ha -1 (I 1)之间变化,气孔导度在72.2 ~ 147.8 mmol m -2 s -1 (I 1)之间变化,叶绿素含量在37 spad (I 4) ~ 42.1 spad (I 1)之间变化,冠层温度在27.2 ~ 31.3℃(I 4)之间变化,WUE在4.5 ~ 5.5 kg m -3 (I 3)之间变化。2018年干生物量产量变化在14.51 ~ 25.92 t ha -1 (I 1)之间,气孔导度变化在69.9 ~ 129.5 mmol m -2 s -1 (I 1)之间,叶绿素含量变化在39.7 ~ 43.9 spad (I 1)之间,冠层温度变化在30.0 ~ 34.5℃(I 4)之间,WUE变化在4.2 ~ 4.9 kg m -3 (I 4)之间。2年平均干根产量在8.15 ~ 13.27 t ha -1 (I 1)之间变化,根冠比在0.51 ~ 0.57% (I 3 ~ I 4)之间变化,季节耗水量在281 ~ 598 mm (I 1)之间变化。水分胁迫降低了生物量产量、根系产量、气孔导度和叶绿素含量,提高了水分利用效率和根冠比。生物量产量随水分胁迫的增加而下降,但与施用灌溉水量的减少相比,这种下降幅度较小。
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引用次数: 1
Deciphering Genetic Diversity in Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Collections Using Agronomic and Forage Quality Traits and SSR Markers 草豆遗传多样性的解读农艺和牧草品质性状及SSR标记的收集
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.52547/jast.24.6.1429
V. Kumar Yadav, A. Radhakrishna, M. Mohan Das, Tejveer Singh, S. Yadav, Pankaj Sharma, A. Kumar Mishra, A. Sarker
Grass pea ( Lathyrus sativus L.) is an important dual-purpose crop in drought and famine prone areas as it is used as human food as well as livestock feed and fodder. However, the variation for forage quality traits of grass pea remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to characterize the genetic diversity of grass pea collections from Africa, Asia, and Europe, and identify genotypes for superior agronomic and forage nutritional quality traits. The principal component analysis revealed that the first three principal components from nutritional quality parameters viz ., NDF, ADF, cellulose, lignin and ash percent, and from agronomic traits viz ., plant height, nodes per plant, leaf area, green and dry biomass accounted for the majority of the total variation. In addition, a total of 59 polymorphic alleles were detected at 11 SSR loci with an average of 5.36 alleles per locus and the polymorphic information content ranged from 0.49 to 0.76. Three accessions (IF1872, IF2177 and IF2156) with higher biomass than the check and four accessions (IF1327, IF1312, IL-10-76 and IF1307) with excellent nutritive value in both green forage as well as straw were identified. The present study revealed high genetic variation for biomass and nutritional quality traits in grass pea collections that could be useful for development of high-yielding, nutritionally rich, and dual-purpose varieties.
草豆(Lathyrus sativus L.)是干旱和饥荒多发地区重要的两用作物,既可作为人类食物,又可作为牲畜饲料和饲料。然而,牧草品质性状的变异在很大程度上仍未被探索。本研究旨在研究来自非洲、亚洲和欧洲的草豆的遗传多样性,并确定具有优良农艺和饲料营养品质性状的基因型。主成分分析表明,营养品质参数(NDF、ADF、纤维素、木质素和灰分百分比)和农艺性状(株高、单株节数、叶面积、绿生物量和干生物量)的前3个主成分占总变异的大部分。11个SSR位点共检测到59个多态性等位基因,平均每个位点有5.36个等位基因,多态性信息含量在0.49 ~ 0.76之间。3个材料(IF1872、IF2177和IF2156)的生物量高于对照,4个材料(IF1327、IF1312、IL-10-76和IF1307)的青草和秸秆营养价值均较好。本研究揭示了草豆生物量和营养品质性状的高遗传变异,为培育高产、营养丰富和两用品种提供了有益的依据。
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引用次数: 0
A Comprehensive Action Determination Model: A Broad Understanding of Behavioral Intention of Traditional Ranchers to Use Biogas 一个综合行动决定模型:对传统牧场主使用沼气行为意向的广泛理解
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.52547/jast.24.6.1297
N. Izadi, H. Saadi, D. Hayati
The present study aimed to explore the intention of traditional ranchers to use biogas in rural areas of Iran conducted among the traditional ranchers in the provinces of Fars, Khorasan Razavi, Kermanshah, and Golestan (N= 91,325). The sample, composed of 383 traditional ranchers, was taken by stratified random sampling. The measurement tool was a questionnaire whose face and content validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was estimated in a pilot study by calculating Cronbach’s Alpha. The results showed that the indicators used to measure the research variables were consistent enough with the factor structure and theoretical framework of the research. It was found that normative processes had a significant positive impact on the habitual processes and intention of the traditional ranchers. Also, the effect of situational influences was positive and significant on normative processes, habitual processes, and the intention of the traditional ranchers. In addition, habitual processes and attitudes influenced intention to use biogas positively and significantly. It is concluded that the results have significant implications for the use of rigorous theoretical frameworks such as the Comprehensive Action Determination Model (CADM) when attempting to understand the intention to use biogas.
本研究旨在探讨伊朗农村地区传统牧场主使用沼气的意向,研究对象为法尔斯、呼罗珊·拉扎维、克尔曼沙阿和戈列斯坦省的传统牧场主(N= 91,325)。采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取383名传统牧场主。测量工具是一份问卷,其表面和内容的效度由专家小组确认,其信度通过计算Cronbach 's Alpha在试点研究中估计。结果表明,用于衡量研究变量的指标与研究的因素结构和理论框架具有足够的一致性。研究发现,规范过程对传统牧场主的习惯过程和意向具有显著的正向影响。情境影响对传统牧场主的规范过程、习惯过程和意向均有显著的正向影响。此外,习惯过程和态度对沼气利用意愿有积极而显著的影响。结论是,这些结果对在试图理解使用沼气的意图时使用严格的理论框架(如综合行动决定模型(CADM))具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of Erythrophleum suaveolens (Brenan) leaves and stem bark water extracts antifungal potency on Aspergillus flavus incidence from maize (Zea mays L.) seeds 水提物对玉米(Zea mays L.)种子黄曲霉侵染的抑制作用
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.36108/jast/2202.10.0120
H. Yusuf, Joshua Olu, Shakirat O. AJENIFUJAH-SOLEBO, O. Adetunji, T. S. Anjorin, S. Asala, B. Akin-Osanaiye
Aspergillus flavus has been associated with fungi attacks on stored maize seeds. Erythrophleum suaveolens had been reported to have antifungal properties which could protect some crops against fungi attack. This study aimed at evaluating the antifungal protection potency of both water extract of E. suaveolens leaves and stem bark on maize seeds varieties from A. flavus attack post six months of its application. Water extract of E. suaveolens leaves and stem barks (1, 10 and 100% concentration) were independently applied on four different varieties of maize seeds (OBA 98, OBA Super 6, SAMAZ 52 and SAMAZ 47) and stored alongside maize seeds without the extract application for 6 months. The fungal growth determination was carried out on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media plates by placing maize seeds from both the group to which the extract was applied and those without the extract and incubating at 28 °C for 48 hours. The results indicated that all the maize seeds that the E. suaveolens leaves and stem bark water extract was applied at a varying concentration (1, 10 and 100%), recorded no growth of A. flavus unlike the maize seeds without the water extracts application which shows the incidence of A. flavus growth. In conclusion, E. suaveolens leaves and stem bark water extracts under varying concentration of 1, 10 and 100% had demonstrated to be an effective antifungal agent against A. flavus even after 6 months post application.
黄曲霉与真菌攻击储存的玉米种子有关。据报道,红血球具有抗真菌作用,可以保护一些作物免受真菌的侵害。本研究旨在评价沙瓦莲叶水提物和茎皮水提物在应用6个月后对黄曲玉米种子品种的抗真菌保护作用。将水浸提液分别以1、10和100%的浓度分别施用于4个不同品种的玉米种子(OBA 98、OBA Super 6、SAMAZ 52和SAMAZ 47),并与玉米种子一起贮存6个月。在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(Potato Dextrose Agar, PDA)培养基上,分别放置有提取物组和未施用提取物组的玉米种子,在28℃下培养48小时,测定真菌的生长情况。结果表明,在不同浓度(1、10和100%)施水提物的玉米种子中,黄曲霉未生长,与未施水提物的玉米种子不同,说明黄曲霉生长的发生率较高。综上所述,在不同浓度的1、10和100%条件下,即使在施用6个月后,suaveens叶和茎皮水提取物也显示出对黄曲霉的有效抗真菌剂。
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引用次数: 0
Bioactive components of Erythrophleum suaveolens (Brenan) leaves extracts and their antifungal effect on Aspergillus flavus isolated from maize seeds 紫红叶提取物的生物活性成分及其对玉米种子黄曲霉的抑菌作用
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.36108/jast/2202.10.0110
H. Yusuf, Joshua Olu, Shakirat O. SOLEBO-AJENIFUJAH, A. M. Petu-Ibikunle, Joy Adaeze Alu
This study set out to evaluate the phytochemical composition of Erythrophleum suaveolens leaves extract and its fungicidal attributes on Aspergillus flavus isolated from maize seeds. The leaves of E. suaveolens were collected from Gwagalada, Abuja, Nigeria, and subjected to soxhlet extraction with methanol and chloroform as solvents to determine the bioactive compounds in the leaves compared to water crude extract. Different crude concentrations of the plant extracts were added for the antifungal effect into wells within Aspergillus flavus swabbed in a potato dextrose agar plate to diffuse at room temperature for 2hrs and the plates were incubated at 28oC for 48hrs before measuring the diameter of the inhibition zones. Tannins, alkaloid, phenols, Triterpenoids, saponin, and flavonoid were present in the plant with tannin, flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, and phenol having a concentration of 2.49, 1.448, 2.69, 0.505 and 0.366 mg/g respectively. The water, chloroform, and methanol extracts had an inhibitory diameter zone of 10 ± 0.58, 3 ± 0.58, and 0 mm, respectively at p<0.05. This study showed the presence of some bioactive compounds in E. suaveolens. Furthermore, water extract of the plant had higher antifungal potency on A. flavus isolated from maize seeds.
本研究旨在研究紫红叶提取物的植物化学成分及其对玉米种子黄曲霉的抑菌作用。在尼日利亚阿布贾的瓜加拉达地区采集沙瓦莲叶片,以甲醇和氯仿为溶剂进行索氏提取,比较水浸粗提物与沙瓦莲叶片的生物活性成分。在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂平板上擦拭的黄曲霉中,加入不同粗浓度的植物提取物,在室温下扩散2h,在28℃下孵育48h,测定抑菌区直径。单宁、生物碱、酚类、三萜、皂苷和类黄酮含量分别为2.49、1.448、2.69、0.505和0.366 mg/g。水提液、氯仿提液和甲醇提液的抑制直径区分别为10±0.58、3±0.58和0 mm (p<0.05)。本研究表明,甜菊中存在一些生物活性化合物。此外,该植物的水提物对玉米种子中分离的黄曲霉具有较高的抑菌活性。
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引用次数: 1
Dynamics of Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen After Biochar Application 施用生物炭后土壤微生物生物量碳氮动态变化
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-15 DOI: 10.13304/J.NYKJDB.2020.0416
Zhu Lixia, Chen Jutian, Xu Siwei, Chen Rubing, L. Lili
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引用次数: 0
Thermal Comfort Evaluation of Pigsty and CFD Simulation of Wet Curtain in Summer 猪圈夏季热舒适性评价及湿帘CFD模拟
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.13304/J.NYKJDB.2019.1033
Gao Yun, Yu Wang, L. Sidi, Lei Minggang, Luo Junjie, Li Xuan
{"title":"Thermal Comfort Evaluation of Pigsty and CFD Simulation of Wet Curtain in Summer","authors":"Gao Yun, Yu Wang, L. Sidi, Lei Minggang, Luo Junjie, Li Xuan","doi":"10.13304/J.NYKJDB.2019.1033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13304/J.NYKJDB.2019.1033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80410549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impacts of Nitrogen Forms on Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Wheat in Different Types of Soil 不同土壤类型下氮素形态对小麦氮素利用及产量的影响
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.13304/J.NYKJDB.2020.0745
Qi Xin, SI Yukun, Z. Yanan, H. Yufang, Yang Junying, Sun Xiaomei, Y. YouLiang
{"title":"Impacts of Nitrogen Forms on Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Wheat in Different Types of Soil","authors":"Qi Xin, SI Yukun, Z. Yanan, H. Yufang, Yang Junying, Sun Xiaomei, Y. YouLiang","doi":"10.13304/J.NYKJDB.2020.0745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13304/J.NYKJDB.2020.0745","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"73 1","pages":"172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89432437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Simulation Analysis of Pneumatic Conveying Device of Air-suction Jujube Picker Based on CFD-EDM Coupling 基于CFD-EDM耦合的气吸式采枣机气力输送装置仿真分析
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.13304/J.NYKJDB.2020.0598
Zhang Fengkui, Z. Hong, Lan Haipeng, YU Fufeng, Li Zhongjie, Li Ping
{"title":"Simulation Analysis of Pneumatic Conveying Device of Air-suction Jujube Picker Based on CFD-EDM Coupling","authors":"Zhang Fengkui, Z. Hong, Lan Haipeng, YU Fufeng, Li Zhongjie, Li Ping","doi":"10.13304/J.NYKJDB.2020.0598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13304/J.NYKJDB.2020.0598","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"196 1","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87727463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Nitrate Assimilation Gene Distribution and Pathway-specific Regulation in Nitrogen-fixing Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501 固氮假单胞菌stutzeri A1501的硝酸盐同化基因分布及通路特异性调控
IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.13304/J.NYKJDB.2021.0329
Huang Liling, Lian Yun, W. Shanshan, Lu Chao, Yang Zhimin, L. Min, Yan Yongliang, Chen Ming, Zhang Wei, Wang Jin, Zhou Zhengfu, KE Xiubin, Z. Yuhua, Lu Wei
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology
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