Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.17265/2161-6256/2015.03.003
A. A. Ngwuta, S. Ajala, I. U. Obi, E. Ene-Obong
Maize is an important economic crop grown in Nigeria. Its production is dramatically affect by the pink stem borer—Sesamia calamistis (Hampson, Noctuidae) and sugarcane borer—Eldana saccharina (Walker, Pyralidae) that are endemic in Southeastern Nigeria. In areas of stress, existing genotypes may marginally do well due to their inherent capabilities. Therefore, it is possible to find useful genes in such areas of stress, since such genes have been responsible for the survival of host crops over the years. Evaluation study was conducted for a range of agronomic characteristics and resistance attributes for 209 local maize collections from Southeastern Nigeria along with three improved check varieties. Field trials were conducted at three locations in a total of four environments in 2001. Highly significant genotypic variances as were noted in all the traits, are indicative of the magnitude of variation that exists among the genotypes, thus providing the opportunity of selection for desirable traits. Furthermore, four traits, namely, leaf feeding, ear damage, stalk lodging and yield were used from across the environments to construct a rank summation index (RSI), which was used to rank the entries for resistance to stem borers. This RSI led to the identification of 11 genotypes which represents the best 5% of the 212 genotypes in resistance ability. Genotype AMA TZBR-WC1 (from International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan) had the best overall resistance levels, followed by genotypes SE NG-77 and SE NG-67 (from Umuahia North), SE NG-62 (from Ikwuano), SE NG-148 (from Ukwa West), SE NG-106 (from Bende), SE NG-119 (from Isiala Ngwa), SE NG-33 (from Ikwuano) and SE NG-65 (from Umuahia North).
{"title":"Selection of Maize Genotypes Resistant to Pink Stem Borer and Sugarcane Borer","authors":"A. A. Ngwuta, S. Ajala, I. U. Obi, E. Ene-Obong","doi":"10.17265/2161-6256/2015.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6256/2015.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is an important economic crop grown in Nigeria. Its production is dramatically affect by the pink stem borer—Sesamia calamistis (Hampson, Noctuidae) and sugarcane borer—Eldana saccharina (Walker, Pyralidae) that are endemic in Southeastern Nigeria. In areas of stress, existing genotypes may marginally do well due to their inherent capabilities. Therefore, it is possible to find useful genes in such areas of stress, since such genes have been responsible for the survival of host crops over the years. Evaluation study was conducted for a range of agronomic characteristics and resistance attributes for 209 local maize collections from Southeastern Nigeria along with three improved check varieties. Field trials were conducted at three locations in a total of four environments in 2001. Highly significant genotypic variances as were noted in all the traits, are indicative of the magnitude of variation that exists among the genotypes, thus providing the opportunity of selection for desirable traits. Furthermore, four traits, namely, leaf feeding, ear damage, stalk lodging and yield were used from across the environments to construct a rank summation index (RSI), which was used to rank the entries for resistance to stem borers. This RSI led to the identification of 11 genotypes which represents the best 5% of the 212 genotypes in resistance ability. Genotype AMA TZBR-WC1 (from International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan) had the best overall resistance levels, followed by genotypes SE NG-77 and SE NG-67 (from Umuahia North), SE NG-62 (from Ikwuano), SE NG-148 (from Ukwa West), SE NG-106 (from Bende), SE NG-119 (from Isiala Ngwa), SE NG-33 (from Ikwuano) and SE NG-65 (from Umuahia North).","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"174-182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89664327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.29335/tals.2014.49.33
H. Cho, K. Chin
This study was performed to evaluate the quality characteristics and shelf-life of emulsified sausages, as affected by various levels of tea catechin during refrigerated storage. Physicochemical and microbiological properties, and thiobarbituric acid reactant substances (TBARS) values were evaluated during 8-weeks of refrigerated storage. The treatments were; non tea catechin (CTL), tea catechin 0.1% (TRT1), tea catechin 0.25% (TRT2), tea catechin 0.5% (TRT3). Cooking loss and expressible moisture (%) of sausages with the addition of tea catechin (TRT2 and TRT3) were higher than those of CTL. Springiness and chewiness of TRT3 were lower than CTL ( p <0.05). Hardness values of CTL were higher than those of TRT1, TRT2 and TRT3 ( p <0.05). TBA values of sausages containing tea catechin were increased during 4-weeks of storage ( p <0.05) and those with 0.5% tea catechin had highest TBA values at 4 week of storage ( p <0.05). However, antioxidative activities of sausage were not affected by the addition of tea catechin, regardless of the addition level value. Expressible moisture (%) and textural values were also reduced with the addition of tea catechin. These results indicated that the tea catechin didn’t inhibit the lipid-oxidation at higher than certain amount during refrigerated storage, and increased level of tea catechin increase cooking loss and expressible moisture(%), resulting in the decreased cooking yield (%) of emulsified sausages. Thus, to have a maximum effect of functionality of tea catechin without quality defects, the minimum amount(<0.1%) of tea catechin might be applied to the meat products.
{"title":"Product Quality and shelf-life effect of emulsified sausages as affected by various levels of green tea catechin during refrigerated storage","authors":"H. Cho, K. Chin","doi":"10.29335/tals.2014.49.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/tals.2014.49.33","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed to evaluate the quality characteristics and shelf-life of emulsified sausages, as affected by various levels of tea catechin during refrigerated storage. Physicochemical and microbiological properties, and thiobarbituric acid reactant substances (TBARS) values were evaluated during 8-weeks of refrigerated storage. The treatments were; non tea catechin (CTL), tea catechin 0.1% (TRT1), tea catechin 0.25% (TRT2), tea catechin 0.5% (TRT3). Cooking loss and expressible moisture (%) of sausages with the addition of tea catechin (TRT2 and TRT3) were higher than those of CTL. Springiness and chewiness of TRT3 were lower than CTL ( p <0.05). Hardness values of CTL were higher than those of TRT1, TRT2 and TRT3 ( p <0.05). TBA values of sausages containing tea catechin were increased during 4-weeks of storage ( p <0.05) and those with 0.5% tea catechin had highest TBA values at 4 week of storage ( p <0.05). However, antioxidative activities of sausage were not affected by the addition of tea catechin, regardless of the addition level value. Expressible moisture (%) and textural values were also reduced with the addition of tea catechin. These results indicated that the tea catechin didn’t inhibit the lipid-oxidation at higher than certain amount during refrigerated storage, and increased level of tea catechin increase cooking loss and expressible moisture(%), resulting in the decreased cooking yield (%) of emulsified sausages. Thus, to have a maximum effect of functionality of tea catechin without quality defects, the minimum amount(<0.1%) of tea catechin might be applied to the meat products.","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"33-44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77987173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.29335/TALS.2014.49.27
Kwang-Hong Cha, Hwan-Jung Oh, Heung-Gyu Park, K. An, W. Jung
To investigate a comparison of plant growth, rice yield and quality, and occurrence of rice diseases for various rice varieties in organic cultivation, this study was carried out in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) field of Bannam region, Naju. The results obtained as following: 1) Culm length was indicated in order of Dongjin 1ho>Hopyeong>Jinback>Hopum byeo. Yield of rice was indicated in order of Hopum>Hopyeong>Dongjin 1ho>Jinback byeo. 2) Rice neck blast and sheath blight were occurred mainly in Hopoombyeo. Rice strip virus was occurred only in Dongjin 1ho and Hopyeongbyeo. Sheath blight was occurred in Jinback byeo. 3) Dongjin 1ho showed protein content (5.9%), palatability value (82.3%), and Head rice (97.3%). These results indicate that Donjin 1ho was the best variety for organic cultivation in rice field.
{"title":"Comparison of Growth, Yield and Quality Disease Occurrence with Different Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars in Organic Cultivation","authors":"Kwang-Hong Cha, Hwan-Jung Oh, Heung-Gyu Park, K. An, W. Jung","doi":"10.29335/TALS.2014.49.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/TALS.2014.49.27","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate a comparison of plant growth, rice yield and quality, and occurrence of rice diseases for various rice varieties in organic cultivation, this study was carried out in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) field of Bannam region, Naju. The results obtained as following: 1) Culm length was indicated in order of Dongjin 1ho>Hopyeong>Jinback>Hopum byeo. Yield of rice was indicated in order of Hopum>Hopyeong>Dongjin 1ho>Jinback byeo. 2) Rice neck blast and sheath blight were occurred mainly in Hopoombyeo. Rice strip virus was occurred only in Dongjin 1ho and Hopyeongbyeo. Sheath blight was occurred in Jinback byeo. 3) Dongjin 1ho showed protein content (5.9%), palatability value (82.3%), and Head rice (97.3%). These results indicate that Donjin 1ho was the best variety for organic cultivation in rice field.","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"98 1","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85333321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.29335/tals.2014.49.45
Eun-Yong Jeong, Suk-Whan Noh, J. An, T. Han
Alstroemeria is a popular cut flower in Europe and Japan, as well as South Korea recently. Cultivation area has been steadily increased despite of hot summer in S. Korea because it is energy saving crop during the winter. Summer durable cultivar is warranted because hot summer seriously deters the production. The demeand of domestic breeding has been suggested because initial price of stock plant is too high for S. Korean growers. Therefore, our research team has initiated since 2007 aiming summer tolerant cultivar and lowering the royalty for domestic growers. In this study, vase life was measured and preference test was performed for the breeding lines in order to facilitate the selection process. The breeding lines were D13, D42, C266 and C176, which were applied for variety registration. Cut flowers were treated in tab water with and without conservation solution, and vase life was measured. White flowers seem to have better vase life than other colors. Preference test was performed with six commercial cultivars and four breeding lines. D13 breeding line showed high preference and C176 line was most preferable in while color flower.
{"title":"A measurement of longevity and preference test of cut Alstroemeria new cultivar","authors":"Eun-Yong Jeong, Suk-Whan Noh, J. An, T. Han","doi":"10.29335/tals.2014.49.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/tals.2014.49.45","url":null,"abstract":"Alstroemeria is a popular cut flower in Europe and Japan, as well as South Korea recently. Cultivation area has been steadily increased despite of hot summer in S. Korea because it is energy saving crop during the winter. Summer durable cultivar is warranted because hot summer seriously deters the production. The demeand of domestic breeding has been suggested because initial price of stock plant is too high for S. Korean growers. Therefore, our research team has initiated since 2007 aiming summer tolerant cultivar and lowering the royalty for domestic growers. In this study, vase life was measured and preference test was performed for the breeding lines in order to facilitate the selection process. The breeding lines were D13, D42, C266 and C176, which were applied for variety registration. Cut flowers were treated in tab water with and without conservation solution, and vase life was measured. White flowers seem to have better vase life than other colors. Preference test was performed with six commercial cultivars and four breeding lines. D13 breeding line showed high preference and C176 line was most preferable in while color flower.","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":"45-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79370538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. G. Kim, J. E. Kim, H. Oh, S. Kang, H. Koo, H. J. Kim, Hyuck Choi
This experiment was conducted to test yellow mealworm (YM) and slough of mealworm (SM) supplementation as protein sources in broiler. Two-hundred broilers (Arbor acres, day old) were randomly assigned in five treatments (control, 0.5% YM, 1.0% YM, 2.0% YM, and 1.0% SM) with 2 replicates and then fed 6 weeks. Blood and meat samples were collected after feeding trial. Body weight gain was the highest in 1.0% YM treatment. Feed requirement was lowest in 1.0% YM treatment. There were no negative effect on palatability and texture of mealworm. Live weight and carcass weight were significantly (P<0.05) higher than in control. Carcass quality was highest in 1.0% YM treatment. WBC, which were related to infection, was not affected by mealworm supplementation. RBC, which were related to anemia, was significantly (P<0.05) increased in all supplementation groups. Serum components were higher in supplementation group than in control group. However, there were no pathological and metabolic disease. Crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash were high in supplementation group, and meat color a* and b* were significantly (P<0.05) high in 1.0% YM treatment. Heating loss and shear force were reduced a little. By mealworm supplementation, saturated fatty acid was reduced and unsaturated fatty acid was increased. Therefore, fatty acid composition was improved by supplementation in broiler meat. In conclusion, yellow mealworm would be a good protein source for broiler without any detrimental effect.
{"title":"Feed Supplementation of Yellow Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor L.) Improves Blood Characteristics and Meat Quality in Broiler","authors":"S. G. Kim, J. E. Kim, H. Oh, S. Kang, H. Koo, H. J. Kim, Hyuck Choi","doi":"10.29335/TALS.2014.49.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/TALS.2014.49.9","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted to test yellow mealworm (YM) and slough of mealworm (SM) supplementation as protein sources in broiler. Two-hundred broilers (Arbor acres, day old) were randomly assigned in five treatments (control, 0.5% YM, 1.0% YM, 2.0% YM, and 1.0% SM) with 2 replicates and then fed 6 weeks. Blood and meat samples were collected after feeding trial. Body weight gain was the highest in 1.0% YM treatment. Feed requirement was lowest in 1.0% YM treatment. There were no negative effect on palatability and texture of mealworm. Live weight and carcass weight were significantly (P<0.05) higher than in control. Carcass quality was highest in 1.0% YM treatment. WBC, which were related to infection, was not affected by mealworm supplementation. RBC, which were related to anemia, was significantly (P<0.05) increased in all supplementation groups. Serum components were higher in supplementation group than in control group. However, there were no pathological and metabolic disease. Crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash were high in supplementation group, and meat color a* and b* were significantly (P<0.05) high in 1.0% YM treatment. Heating loss and shear force were reduced a little. By mealworm supplementation, saturated fatty acid was reduced and unsaturated fatty acid was increased. Therefore, fatty acid composition was improved by supplementation in broiler meat. In conclusion, yellow mealworm would be a good protein source for broiler without any detrimental effect.","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"9-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81283198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.29335/TALS.2014.49.19
H. Ki, S. Kan, S. Ki, J. E. Ki, H. Ko, J. Par, H. C. Cho
{"title":"Antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity of a grasshopper, Oxya chinensis Sinuosa","authors":"H. Ki, S. Kan, S. Ki, J. E. Ki, H. Ko, J. Par, H. C. Cho","doi":"10.29335/TALS.2014.49.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/TALS.2014.49.19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82468065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Animal sources protein would be important for egg production in layers. Yellow mealworm (MW) was supplemented in layers feed to test as a protein sources for animal. Layers (Hy-Line Brown, one-hundred twenty, 15 weeks old) were randomly assigned in three treatment (control, 1% MW, 2% MW). Animal diet was mixed based on nutrient requirement for layers and then fed 12 weeks. Egg production rate was increased significantly (p<0.05) in mealworm supplemented group than that in control group. Egg production increased about 2~3% would be big benefit for poultry farmers. Egg shell color and Hough Unit were reduced in both treatment groups. However, linoleic acid and linolenic acid were significantly (P<0.05) increased in mealworm supplemented groups. Saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid were not affected by mealworm supplementation. Therefore, mealworm supplementation would be positive effect on egg production and egg quality in layers.
{"title":"Effect of Yellow Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor L.) Feed Supplementation on Egg Productivity and Quality in Broiler","authors":"S. G. Kim, H. Koo, J. E. Kim, S. Kang, S. Sun","doi":"10.29335/TALS.2014.49.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/TALS.2014.49.1","url":null,"abstract":"Animal sources protein would be important for egg production in layers. Yellow mealworm (MW) was supplemented in layers feed to test as a protein sources for animal. Layers (Hy-Line Brown, one-hundred twenty, 15 weeks old) were randomly assigned in three treatment (control, 1% MW, 2% MW). Animal diet was mixed based on nutrient requirement for layers and then fed 12 weeks. Egg production rate was increased significantly (p<0.05) in mealworm supplemented group than that in control group. Egg production increased about 2~3% would be big benefit for poultry farmers. Egg shell color and Hough Unit were reduced in both treatment groups. However, linoleic acid and linolenic acid were significantly (P<0.05) increased in mealworm supplemented groups. Saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid were not affected by mealworm supplementation. Therefore, mealworm supplementation would be positive effect on egg production and egg quality in layers.","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77722840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Application of dual fuel powered electric generators such as one of diesel and biogas has gained popularity locally both as emergency power supply units and in distributed power systems. Dual fuel generators use two fuel types simultaneously in their operations. This is however faced with challenges in control and fuel regulation since their operation must be economically feasible and convenient. To achieve this, an intelligent controller that regulates generator operations is necessary. This research work, set to determine operation characteristic of these generators and fuel‐load relationship of the dual fuel engines in order to design a control system for a dual fuel power generator system. Generator characteristics such as fuel consumption on various loads were obtained through experiments; it was found that injection of biogas in diesel engine saves diesel consumption by approximately 30% on low load and 60% on high load. The presented model switches the generator when needed and adjusts biogas inlet in steps proportional to the load. It works by monitoring load, injecting a small volume of biogas for loads below 10% and increasing it as the load increases to maximum possible volume for load above 80%. The model was tested through simulation of the obtained data on a Siemens ™ micro Logic controller demonstrating a solution to control challenges. This model logic for control and offers advanced logic electronic control for local applications. It is essential in providing a versatile solution for a middle sized diesel biogas dual fuel power generator control.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF SMART CONTROLLER MODEL FOR DUAL FUEL GENERATOR SYSTEMS","authors":"N. Muchiri, P. Hinga, S. N. Kahiu, S. Wanjii","doi":"10.4314/JAGST.V16I2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAGST.V16I2","url":null,"abstract":"Application of dual fuel powered electric generators such as one of diesel and biogas has gained popularity locally both as emergency power supply units and in distributed power systems. Dual fuel generators use two fuel types simultaneously in their operations. This is however faced with challenges in control and fuel regulation since their operation must be economically feasible and convenient. To achieve this, an intelligent controller that regulates generator operations is necessary. This research work, set to determine operation characteristic of these generators and fuel‐load relationship of the dual fuel engines in order to design a control system for a dual fuel power generator system. Generator characteristics such as fuel consumption on various loads were obtained through experiments; it was found that injection of biogas in diesel engine saves diesel consumption by approximately 30% on low load and 60% on high load. The presented model switches the generator when needed and adjusts biogas inlet in steps proportional to the load. It works by monitoring load, injecting a small volume of biogas for loads below 10% and increasing it as the load increases to maximum possible volume for load above 80%. The model was tested through simulation of the obtained data on a Siemens ™ micro Logic controller demonstrating a solution to control challenges. This model logic for control and offers advanced logic electronic control for local applications. It is essential in providing a versatile solution for a middle sized diesel biogas dual fuel power generator control.","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"187-205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2014-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77089999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ryu, K. Min, S. Yim, Janghoon Song, Jang-Jeon Choi, Sang-Hyun Lee, Wol-Soo Kim, B. Cho, Kwang-Yeol Yang
Pear scab caused by the fungus Venturia nashicola is the most devastating disease on Asian pear ( Pyrus pyrifolia ). However, mycological and biological traits of V. nashicola were rarely known because the artificial cultivation of the fungus is difficult using typical fungal growth medium in the laboratory. The main objective of this study, was to determine the best culture medium composition suitable for mycelial growth of V. nashicola . A new culture medium using pear extracts, various carbon and nitrogen sources were used to examine the best combination for mycelial growth of V. nashicola . The culture medium ammended with pear extracts showed higher mycelial growth than non-ammended PDA medium. Specifically, the culture medium ammended with pear ground young leaf extract showed the highest fungal mycelial growth. The increased mycelial growth of V. nashicola was observed in growth medium ammended with Ca(NO 3 ) 2 but mycelial growth was negatively influenced by supplement with calcium chelating agent, EGTA. Taken together, we invented a new growth medium ammended with pear extract or Ca(NO 3 ) 2 for growth of V. nashicola , and it could be helpful to study on ecological and mycological traits of the pear scab pathogen.
{"title":"Effect of Medium Compositions on the Mycelial Growth of Venturia nashicola causing Pear Scab","authors":"J. Ryu, K. Min, S. Yim, Janghoon Song, Jang-Jeon Choi, Sang-Hyun Lee, Wol-Soo Kim, B. Cho, Kwang-Yeol Yang","doi":"10.29335/TALS.2014.48.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/TALS.2014.48.9","url":null,"abstract":"Pear scab caused by the fungus Venturia nashicola is the most devastating disease on Asian pear ( Pyrus pyrifolia ). However, mycological and biological traits of V. nashicola were rarely known because the artificial cultivation of the fungus is difficult using typical fungal growth medium in the laboratory. The main objective of this study, was to determine the best culture medium composition suitable for mycelial growth of V. nashicola . A new culture medium using pear extracts, various carbon and nitrogen sources were used to examine the best combination for mycelial growth of V. nashicola . The culture medium ammended with pear extracts showed higher mycelial growth than non-ammended PDA medium. Specifically, the culture medium ammended with pear ground young leaf extract showed the highest fungal mycelial growth. The increased mycelial growth of V. nashicola was observed in growth medium ammended with Ca(NO 3 ) 2 but mycelial growth was negatively influenced by supplement with calcium chelating agent, EGTA. Taken together, we invented a new growth medium ammended with pear extract or Ca(NO 3 ) 2 for growth of V. nashicola , and it could be helpful to study on ecological and mycological traits of the pear scab pathogen.","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"76 1","pages":"9-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76679808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Park, J. Park, A. Kang, Sang-Hyun Lee, Kwang-Yeol Yang, Wol-Soo Kim, Iksoo Kim
One of the most serious insect pests for pear is the pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola Foerster (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Due to the nature of the overwintering adults that spend winter time underneath bark the control of the pear psylla is very difficult. Thus, one of the effective control methods recommended includes a spray of machine oil emulsion, when overwintering adults start to move upward to tree branches and when eggs that have been oviposited by overwintered adult females are observed. Previously, the model that predicts the onset date of upward-movement and oviposition has been proposed on the basis of weather and ecological information of the pear psylla, but it based the information obtained from the central region of Korea, requiring the data from the southern part of Korea that is warmer than central region. In this study, therefore, we investigated annual occurrence of the pear psylla by weekly field observation and meteorological data obtained by automatic weather station (AWS) that has been installed at Bonghwang in Naju City. As a result, we found 14 days difference for the onset of upward-movement at maximum and 7 days difference for the first observation of eggs at Naju City compared with the existing prediction. Consequently, additional study for prediction model and resultant modification of the control strategy is needed, targeting the pear psylla populations occurring in southern region of Korea.
{"title":"Analysis of Occurrence Pattern of the Pear Psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola, in the Pear Exporting Complex","authors":"J. Park, J. Park, A. Kang, Sang-Hyun Lee, Kwang-Yeol Yang, Wol-Soo Kim, Iksoo Kim","doi":"10.29335/TALS.2014.48.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/TALS.2014.48.1","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most serious insect pests for pear is the pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola Foerster (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Due to the nature of the overwintering adults that spend winter time underneath bark the control of the pear psylla is very difficult. Thus, one of the effective control methods recommended includes a spray of machine oil emulsion, when overwintering adults start to move upward to tree branches and when eggs that have been oviposited by overwintered adult females are observed. Previously, the model that predicts the onset date of upward-movement and oviposition has been proposed on the basis of weather and ecological information of the pear psylla, but it based the information obtained from the central region of Korea, requiring the data from the southern part of Korea that is warmer than central region. In this study, therefore, we investigated annual occurrence of the pear psylla by weekly field observation and meteorological data obtained by automatic weather station (AWS) that has been installed at Bonghwang in Naju City. As a result, we found 14 days difference for the onset of upward-movement at maximum and 7 days difference for the first observation of eggs at Naju City compared with the existing prediction. Consequently, additional study for prediction model and resultant modification of the control strategy is needed, targeting the pear psylla populations occurring in southern region of Korea.","PeriodicalId":14931,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"84 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90076459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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