Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21921/jas.v8i01.19555
Pepakayala Varalakshmi, Polagani Nagarjuna, Y. M. Babu, G. A. Lakshmi, A. Kumari, S. Singh
A study was conducted in an ongoing experiment under AICRP on micronutrients at nursery jhilli of RPCAU, research farm. The experiment consisted of thirteen treatments, of which twelve combinations were of four doses of zinc (Zn) (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 kg ha-1), three frequencies (only once, alternate year and every year) of application along with control with the no-zinc application. Rice and wheat crops were grown in succession with the recommended dosages of fertiliser viz. 120:60:40 of N: P2O5: K2O applied as Urea, DAP, and Potash, respectively. Surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected after the harvest of the wheat crop in the year 2018, i.e. after completion of six years of the experiment, and analysed for soil physical and chemical properties. The availability of nitrogen, sulphur, organic carbon content and aggregate stability increased, and the bulk density, phosphorous availability decreased with increasing doses and zinc application rates. No effect on soil availability of potassium, pH and EC. The treatment T7 i.e., application of zinc @ 7.5 kg Zn ha-1 in alternate year application was the best treatment with regards to yield of rice-wheat cropping (982.9 q ha-1) and also for good physical and chemical properties of the soil.
在AICRP的指导下，对研究农场RPCAU苗圃苗圃的微量营养素进行了研究。试验包括13个处理，其中12个组合为4个锌剂量(2.5、5.0、7.5和10 kg hm -1)， 3个频率(仅一次、隔年和每年)施用与对照和不施用锌。水稻和小麦按氮肥:P2O5: K2O的推荐用量120:60:40分别作为尿素、DAP和钾肥进行连作。在2018年小麦收获后(即6年试验结束后)收集表层土壤样品(0-15 cm)，并分析土壤物理和化学性质。氮、硫、有机碳含量和团聚体稳定性随施锌量和施锌量的增加而增加，堆积密度、磷有效性降低。对土壤钾、pH和EC有效性无影响。T7处理，即每隔一年施用7.5 kg Zn / hm -1的锌，对于水稻-小麦的产量(982.9 q / hm -1)和良好的土壤理化性质来说是最好的处理。
{"title":"Effect of zinc nutrition on yield of rice-wheat cropping system and soil properties","authors":"Pepakayala Varalakshmi, Polagani Nagarjuna, Y. M. Babu, G. A. Lakshmi, A. Kumari, S. Singh","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i01.19555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i01.19555","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted in an ongoing experiment under AICRP on micronutrients at nursery jhilli of RPCAU, research farm. The experiment consisted of thirteen treatments, of which twelve combinations were of four doses of zinc (Zn) (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 kg ha-1), three frequencies (only once, alternate year and every year) of application along with control with the no-zinc application. Rice and wheat crops were grown in succession with the recommended dosages of fertiliser viz. 120:60:40 of N: P2O5: K2O applied as Urea, DAP, and Potash, respectively. Surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected after the harvest of the wheat crop in the year 2018, i.e. after completion of six years of the experiment, and analysed for soil physical and chemical properties. The availability of nitrogen, sulphur, organic carbon content and aggregate stability increased, and the bulk density, phosphorous availability decreased with increasing doses and zinc application rates. No effect on soil availability of potassium, pH and EC. The treatment T7 i.e., application of zinc @ 7.5 kg Zn ha-1 in alternate year application was the best treatment with regards to yield of rice-wheat cropping (982.9 q ha-1) and also for good physical and chemical properties of the soil.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78119315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21921/jas.v8i01.19561
R. Potdar, P. Tiwari, K. N. Agrawal, B. Jyoti, P. Shukla
An ergonomic evaluation cleaner-cum-grader with original cycle mechanism and ICAR-CIAE developed dynapod was conducted. The study was conducted with 15 male subjects aged between 20-40 years, mean stature of 1640 ±40 mm and mean weight of 54 ±5 kg. The maximum aerobic capacities of the subjects were determined using sub-maximal exercise protocol. The mean working heart rate of the subjects in operation of machine with original cycle mechanism was 157 beats min-1 as against 125 beats min-1 with dynapod. The work pulse (ΔHR) of 57 beats min-1 and 31 beats min-1 was observed for pedaling with cycle mechanism and dynapod, respectively. The output capacity of machine increased by 41 kg h-1 with use of dynapod compared to pedaling with cycle mechanism. Using dynapod in operation of cleaner-cum-grader resulted in drudgery reduction by 51.6 % as compared to the original cycle mechanism.
采用原始循环机构和ICAR-CIAE开发的动力踏板，设计了一种符合人体工程学的清洁分级机。研究对象为15名男性，年龄在20-40岁之间，平均身高1640±40 mm，平均体重54±5 kg。采用次最大运动方案测定受试者的最大有氧能力。使用原始循环机构时的平均工作心率为157次/ min-1，而使用动力装置时的平均工作心率为125次/ min-1。采用循环机构蹬车时工作脉搏(ΔHR)为57次min-1, 31次min-1。与采用循环机构蹬车相比，采用动力踏板可使机器的输出能力提高41 kg h-1。与原来的循环机制相比，在清洗分级机中使用dynapod可减少51.6%的工作量。
{"title":"Intervention of Dynapod in Cleaner-cum-Grader for Drudgery Reduction","authors":"R. Potdar, P. Tiwari, K. N. Agrawal, B. Jyoti, P. Shukla","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i01.19561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i01.19561","url":null,"abstract":"An ergonomic evaluation cleaner-cum-grader with original cycle mechanism and ICAR-CIAE developed dynapod was conducted. The study was conducted with 15 male subjects aged between 20-40 years, mean stature of 1640 ±40 mm and mean weight of 54 ±5 kg. The maximum aerobic capacities of the subjects were determined using sub-maximal exercise protocol. The mean working heart rate of the subjects in operation of machine with original cycle mechanism was 157 beats min-1 as against 125 beats min-1 with dynapod. The work pulse (ΔHR) of 57 beats min-1 and 31 beats min-1 was observed for pedaling with cycle mechanism and dynapod, respectively. The output capacity of machine increased by 41 kg h-1 with use of dynapod compared to pedaling with cycle mechanism. Using dynapod in operation of cleaner-cum-grader resulted in drudgery reduction by 51.6 % as compared to the original cycle mechanism.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"308 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72949179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21921/jas.v8i01.19558
A. K. Singh, L. Singh, J. K. Yasin, R. K. Raman, P. Sundram, P. Jeet, Kirti Saurabh, V. Prakash, A. Upadhyaya, U. Kumar
Wheat is an important cool season cereal crop of India, production and quality get compromised due to biotic and abiotic stresses. Wheat is susceptible to a variety of diseases and insect pests, including birds. Birds attack on standing crop are not very often and extent and pattern of damage varies considerably, however, its management practices is generally not taken in to account. The bird preferred to attack wheat crops while they were in the reproductive stage, especially during milking to dough stage. The data collected over the course of a two-year field study in the Kashmir valley at Research Farm Srinagar (Jammu and Kashmir) has been subjected to Random Forest model to determine whether there is a trait-specific specific preference for attack if any. Random forest (RF) model identified five major features out of 13 selected features of wheat germplasm with seventy percent accuracy for parrot birds’ preferred to attack on wheat germplasm. RF Model suggests that taller height, having long spikes and a greater number of ears, along with more biomass and grain yields, could be possible traits that bird pest target during the reproductive stage. It was inferenced that the average performance of the random forest model demonstrated with model accuracy (71%), sensitivity (0.77), kappa 0.41 and receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC-0.74) and showed good fit for classification of parrot attack on wheat germplasm.
{"title":"Traits preferred by birds to attack on standing wheat crop under temperate condition and its prediction through random forest model","authors":"A. K. Singh, L. Singh, J. K. Yasin, R. K. Raman, P. Sundram, P. Jeet, Kirti Saurabh, V. Prakash, A. Upadhyaya, U. Kumar","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i01.19558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i01.19558","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is an important cool season cereal crop of India, production and quality get compromised due to biotic and abiotic stresses. Wheat is susceptible to a variety of diseases and insect pests, including birds. Birds attack on standing crop are not very often and extent and pattern of damage varies considerably, however, its management practices is generally not taken in to account. The bird preferred to attack wheat crops while they were in the reproductive stage, especially during milking to dough stage. The data collected over the course of a two-year field study in the Kashmir valley at Research Farm Srinagar (Jammu and Kashmir) has been subjected to Random Forest model to determine whether there is a trait-specific specific preference for attack if any. Random forest (RF) model identified five major features out of 13 selected features of wheat germplasm with seventy percent accuracy for parrot birds’ preferred to attack on wheat germplasm. RF Model suggests that taller height, having long spikes and a greater number of ears, along with more biomass and grain yields, could be possible traits that bird pest target during the reproductive stage. It was inferenced that the average performance of the random forest model demonstrated with model accuracy (71%), sensitivity (0.77), kappa 0.41 and receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC-0.74) and showed good fit for classification of parrot attack on wheat germplasm.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91050666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21921/jas.v8i01.19567
Anuradha Levish Chongloi, K. Kadian, M. Meena
The study examines reasons for the burning of crop residue, awareness of the impact of the burning of crop residue, and government approaches to mitigating the burning. Data from 180 farmers from three districts of the state of Haryana was sought. Rank Based Quotient method was used to identify reasons. At the same time, awareness was assessed by direct questioning. The study concludes that the short window time between paddy harvesting and showing wheat was a primary reason for stubble burning. Research also shows that harvesting is expensive and time-consuming, causing farmers to burn. Most farmers were aware of the various adverse effects of burning on soil health (73.89%), air health (100%), and human health (81.66%). Everybody was aware of the ban on crop residue burning and other government measures, but they have no other viable options other than burning. Policymakers, therefore, must focus on feasible options that are acceptable in farmers' socio-economic conditions.
{"title":"Reasons and Awareness Levels of Farmers on Residue Burning in Indo-Gangetic Plain of India: An Exploratory Research","authors":"Anuradha Levish Chongloi, K. Kadian, M. Meena","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i01.19567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i01.19567","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines reasons for the burning of crop residue, awareness of the impact of the burning of crop residue, and government approaches to mitigating the burning. Data from 180 farmers from three districts of the state of Haryana was sought. Rank Based Quotient method was used to identify reasons. At the same time, awareness was assessed by direct questioning. The study concludes that the short window time between paddy harvesting and showing wheat was a primary reason for stubble burning. Research also shows that harvesting is expensive and time-consuming, causing farmers to burn. Most farmers were aware of the various adverse effects of burning on soil health (73.89%), air health (100%), and human health (81.66%). Everybody was aware of the ban on crop residue burning and other government measures, but they have no other viable options other than burning. Policymakers, therefore, must focus on feasible options that are acceptable in farmers' socio-economic conditions.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74407913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21921/jas.v8i01.19556
M. Yn, D. Dwivedi, D. Roy, S. Jha, A. Dwivedi
A field experiment was conducted to study the response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to integrated nutrient management with variety Kufri Ashoka. Treatments consisted of five levels of RDF (0, 75, 100, 125, 150%) and two sources of organic manures (farmyard manure @ 20.0 t/ha and spent mushroom substrate @ 4.0 t/ha).The results revealed that there was a significant difference in various plant growth and yield parameters like growth, yield attributes and fresh yield of tubers, total nutrient uptake, the protein content of tuber and the fertility status of the post harvested soil. Application of 100 % RDF coupled with FYM 20 t/ha or SMS 4 t/ha had performed well, found statistically at par to treatments, 125% RDF and 150% RDF integrated with FYM 20 t/ha or SMS 4 t/ha respectively.
{"title":"Integration Effect of Organic and Inorganic Nutrient Sources on Nutrient uptake of Potato and Soil Properties in Alluvial Plains of Northern Bihar","authors":"M. Yn, D. Dwivedi, D. Roy, S. Jha, A. Dwivedi","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i01.19556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i01.19556","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted to study the response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to integrated nutrient management with variety Kufri Ashoka. Treatments consisted of five levels of RDF (0, 75, 100, 125, 150%) and two sources of organic manures (farmyard manure @ 20.0 t/ha and spent mushroom substrate @ 4.0 t/ha).The results revealed that there was a significant difference in various plant growth and yield parameters like growth, yield attributes and fresh yield of tubers, total nutrient uptake, the protein content of tuber and the fertility status of the post harvested soil. Application of 100 % RDF coupled with FYM 20 t/ha or SMS 4 t/ha had performed well, found statistically at par to treatments, 125% RDF and 150% RDF integrated with FYM 20 t/ha or SMS 4 t/ha respectively.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90517990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21921/jas.v8i01.19565
K. Ram, R. Singh
In Vitro and In Vivo studies on the efficacy of fungicides and biopesticides. Among the fungicides, in Carbedazim to the most effective as they have inhibited the mycelia growth completely of the test fungus, and Benomyl, Topsin - M, Ridomil,Vitavax were found the next best in inhibiting the mycelial growth of the pathogen up to 92.11% to 83.46% respectively. Sadabahar was least effective plant extracts which causes 42 mm of radial growth and inhibited the growth of the only 19.23%. In Vivo condition the maximum seed germination (95.50% and 95.33%), minimum wilt incidence (5.16% and 3.65%) and highest grain yield (10.50 q/ha and 10.35 q/ha) was found seed treatment with Carbendazim (0.2%). Among the test plant extracts Tulsi was lested effective, which show the minimum seed germination (80.00% and 77.50%), maximum wilt incidence (15.70% and 14.10%), and lowest grain yield (3.92 q/ha and 4.17 q/ha).
{"title":"Efficacy of different fungicides and biopesticides for the management of lentil wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis)","authors":"K. Ram, R. Singh","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i01.19565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i01.19565","url":null,"abstract":"In Vitro and In Vivo studies on the efficacy of fungicides and biopesticides. Among the fungicides, in Carbedazim to the most effective as they have inhibited the mycelia growth completely of the test fungus, and Benomyl, Topsin - M, Ridomil,Vitavax were found the next best in inhibiting the mycelial growth of the pathogen up to 92.11% to 83.46% respectively. Sadabahar was least effective plant extracts which causes 42 mm of radial growth and inhibited the growth of the only 19.23%. In Vivo condition the maximum seed germination (95.50% and 95.33%), minimum wilt incidence (5.16% and 3.65%) and highest grain yield (10.50 q/ha and 10.35 q/ha) was found seed treatment with Carbendazim (0.2%). Among the test plant extracts Tulsi was lested effective, which show the minimum seed germination (80.00% and 77.50%), maximum wilt incidence (15.70% and 14.10%), and lowest grain yield (3.92 q/ha and 4.17 q/ha).","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77088737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21921/jas.v8i01.19559
D. Singh, A. Bahadur, S. Chaurasia, Shekhar Singh
Tomato is one of the important vegetable crops for nutrition security. The vegetables respond very well to proper irrigation water management towards increasing yield. A study on response of tomato under subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) with laterals placed at 5 cm, 10 cm and 15 cm depth below soil surface was carried out in inceptisols at ICAR- Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi. It was found that soil water content variation was less and more favorable within top 30 cm depth of soil profile under SDI with lateral placed at 10 cm depth below soil surface. The maximum yield of tomato 52.85 t/ha was realized under SDI with lateral placed at 10 cm depth below soil surface followed by yield under 15 cm and 5 cm depth of lateral placement. It was 14.67% higher than the surface drip irrigation. The lowest yield of tomato was recorded 46.09 t/ha with surface drip irrigation. Maximum water use efficiency 1.968 t/ha-cm was obtained with SDI lateral placed at 10 cm depth below soil surface. To realize maximum yield and water use efficiency of tomato, SDI laterals could be placed at 10 cm depth below soil surface.
{"title":"Performance of Tomato under Subsurface Drip Irrigation Laterals placed at various Depths in Inceptisols","authors":"D. Singh, A. Bahadur, S. Chaurasia, Shekhar Singh","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i01.19559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i01.19559","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato is one of the important vegetable crops for nutrition security. The vegetables respond very well to proper irrigation water management towards increasing yield. A study on response of tomato under subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) with laterals placed at 5 cm, 10 cm and 15 cm depth below soil surface was carried out in inceptisols at ICAR- Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi. It was found that soil water content variation was less and more favorable within top 30 cm depth of soil profile under SDI with lateral placed at 10 cm depth below soil surface. The maximum yield of tomato 52.85 t/ha was realized under SDI with lateral placed at 10 cm depth below soil surface followed by yield under 15 cm and 5 cm depth of lateral placement. It was 14.67% higher than the surface drip irrigation. The lowest yield of tomato was recorded 46.09 t/ha with surface drip irrigation. Maximum water use efficiency 1.968 t/ha-cm was obtained with SDI lateral placed at 10 cm depth below soil surface. To realize maximum yield and water use efficiency of tomato, SDI laterals could be placed at 10 cm depth below soil surface.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84485245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21921/jas.v8i01.19566
Khumlo Levish Chongloi, Deepak Singh
The study was conducted in Chandel district of Manipur state to maximise the productivity of Rapeseed-mustard under rice fallow. Rapeseed-mustard has great potential under residual moisture after the harvest of Kharif rice in North Eastern states. It is a major source of income especially to the marginal and small farmers in rainfed areas of Manipur. Sample consisted of randomly selected 29 farmers who were growing rapeseed-mustard under FLDs. The results revealed that improved technology recorded a mean yield of 8.77 q/ha which was 20.55 per cent higher than obtained under farmers’ practice (7.27 q/ha). The study also showed that reduction in technology index from 10.90 per cent during 2017-18 to 6.49 per cent during 2019-20 exhibited the feasibility of demonstrated technology. The lower value of technology index, the more is the feasibility of technology. Further, it was found that the adoption of improved technologies not only increased the yield but also yield attributing traits of rapeseed-mustard and benefit cost ratio. Hence, there is a need to disseminate the improved technologies amongst the farmers with effective extension methods like training and demonstrations to utilise the rice fallow areas for increasing the cropping intensity as well as to increase crop production and productivity. The farmers’ should be encouraged to adopt the recommended package of practices for realizing higher returns.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of rapeseed mustard under rice fallow system for optimizing productivity, profitability and resource conservation","authors":"Khumlo Levish Chongloi, Deepak Singh","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i01.19566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i01.19566","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in Chandel district of Manipur state to maximise the productivity of Rapeseed-mustard under rice fallow. Rapeseed-mustard has great potential under residual moisture after the harvest of Kharif rice in North Eastern states. It is a major source of income especially to the marginal and small farmers in rainfed areas of Manipur. Sample consisted of randomly selected 29 farmers who were growing rapeseed-mustard under FLDs. The results revealed that improved technology recorded a mean yield of 8.77 q/ha which was 20.55 per cent higher than obtained under farmers’ practice (7.27 q/ha). The study also showed that reduction in technology index from 10.90 per cent during 2017-18 to 6.49 per cent during 2019-20 exhibited the feasibility of demonstrated technology. The lower value of technology index, the more is the feasibility of technology. Further, it was found that the adoption of improved technologies not only increased the yield but also yield attributing traits of rapeseed-mustard and benefit cost ratio. Hence, there is a need to disseminate the improved technologies amongst the farmers with effective extension methods like training and demonstrations to utilise the rice fallow areas for increasing the cropping intensity as well as to increase crop production and productivity. The farmers’ should be encouraged to adopt the recommended package of practices for realizing higher returns.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74509424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21921/jas.v8i01.19564
Parmeet Singh, R. Kohli, L. Singh, Manzoor Ahmad Ganie
Weeds management under organic agriculture demands organic herbicides / bioherbicides.to address this issue an experiment was conducted in Centre of Environment Sciences and Technology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda to study the effects of different concentration and bioassay of encapsulated essential oil extracted (EOs) from Callistemon viminalis on Echinochloa cruss galli and Phalaris minor under lab conditions. Encapsulation efficiency of gum arabic and maltodextrin (GAMD) EOs increased from 26 to 31% for 4 to 8% of EOs concentration. The sizes of all the particles were found in the range of 1-10 μm. The reduced size in case of EOs loaded GAMD-EOs encapsulates may be due to the application of spray drying method used during the preparation. Maximum germination inhibition was observed with P. minor as compared to the E. crus-galli L. The probable reason behind this may be the relatively smooth seed coat, smaller weight to volume ratio of P. minor as compared to the E. crus-galli L. Among all the treatments basal application of encapsulates with 8 % essential oil was found more lethal and result in maximum phyto-toxicity by registering less shoot length and root length and fresh biomass weight. Also, the individual constituents of the EOs can be explored for their use as herbicides and then their encapsulated formulations can be used for scale up in the field conditions.
{"title":"Formulation, Characterization and Evaluation of Encapsulated Bioherbicide on Echinochloa cruss galli and Phalaris minor","authors":"Parmeet Singh, R. Kohli, L. Singh, Manzoor Ahmad Ganie","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i01.19564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i01.19564","url":null,"abstract":"Weeds management under organic agriculture demands organic herbicides / bioherbicides.to address this issue an experiment was conducted in Centre of Environment Sciences and Technology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda to study the effects of different concentration and bioassay of encapsulated essential oil extracted (EOs) from Callistemon viminalis on Echinochloa cruss galli and Phalaris minor under lab conditions. Encapsulation efficiency of gum arabic and maltodextrin (GAMD) EOs increased from 26 to 31% for 4 to 8% of EOs concentration. The sizes of all the particles were found in the range of 1-10 μm. The reduced size in case of EOs loaded GAMD-EOs encapsulates may be due to the application of spray drying method used during the preparation. Maximum germination inhibition was observed with P. minor as compared to the E. crus-galli L. The probable reason behind this may be the relatively smooth seed coat, smaller weight to volume ratio of P. minor as compared to the E. crus-galli L. Among all the treatments basal application of encapsulates with 8 % essential oil was found more lethal and result in maximum phyto-toxicity by registering less shoot length and root length and fresh biomass weight. Also, the individual constituents of the EOs can be explored for their use as herbicides and then their encapsulated formulations can be used for scale up in the field conditions.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88180137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21921/jas.v8i01.19562
H. L. Kacha, H. C. Patel, D. R. Paradava
The experiment was carried out during the spring and summer seasons of the year 2017-18 and 2018-19 at the Horticultural Research Farm, AAU, Anand to study the “Effect of soil and foliar applications of micronutrients on flowering and yield of mango variety”. The experimentcomprised of 13 treatments of different micronutrients application viz. FeSO4 100 g, ZnSO4 100 g, Borax 100 g and multimicronutrients grade-V 400 g as a soil application; FeSO4 0.5 %, ZnSO4 0.5 %, borax 0.2 % and multimicronutrients grade-IV 1.0 % as a foliar application and its combinassions and control (water spray). Soil application was done at second fortnight of September and foliar sprays of treatments were done at flower bud initiation, full bloom stage and pea stage initiationon 18 years old mango tree cv. Mallika. Experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three repetitions. Numbers of staminate, hermaphrodite and total number of flowers per panicle were found significant with respect to various micronutrients treatments during both the years of experiment. Maximum staminate flowers per panicle, hermaphrodite flowers per panicle and total number of flowers per panicle was found with soil application of multimicronutrients grade-V 400 g followed by foliar application of multimicronutrients grade-IV 1.0 % during both the years of study. The significantly higher number of fruits, average fruit weight and fruit yield per tree were recorded with soil application of multimicronutrients grade-V 400 g followed by foliar application of multimicronutrients grade-IV 1.0 % during the years 2017-18 and 2018-19.
{"title":"Effect of Soil and Foliar Applications of Micronutrients on Flowering and Yield of Mango","authors":"H. L. Kacha, H. C. Patel, D. R. Paradava","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i01.19562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i01.19562","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was carried out during the spring and summer seasons of the year 2017-18 and 2018-19 at the Horticultural Research Farm, AAU, Anand to study the “Effect of soil and foliar applications of micronutrients on flowering and yield of mango variety”. The experimentcomprised of 13 treatments of different micronutrients application viz. FeSO4 100 g, ZnSO4 100 g, Borax 100 g and multimicronutrients grade-V 400 g as a soil application; FeSO4 0.5 %, ZnSO4 0.5 %, borax 0.2 % and multimicronutrients grade-IV 1.0 % as a foliar application and its combinassions and control (water spray). Soil application was done at second fortnight of September and foliar sprays of treatments were done at flower bud initiation, full bloom stage and pea stage initiationon 18 years old mango tree cv. Mallika. Experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three repetitions. Numbers of staminate, hermaphrodite and total number of flowers per panicle were found significant with respect to various micronutrients treatments during both the years of experiment. Maximum staminate flowers per panicle, hermaphrodite flowers per panicle and total number of flowers per panicle was found with soil application of multimicronutrients grade-V 400 g followed by foliar application of multimicronutrients grade-IV 1.0 % during both the years of study. The significantly higher number of fruits, average fruit weight and fruit yield per tree were recorded with soil application of multimicronutrients grade-V 400 g followed by foliar application of multimicronutrients grade-IV 1.0 % during the years 2017-18 and 2018-19.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80500884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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