Studying the relationship between trunk quantitative parameters and tree growth and vigour in litchi is crucial for estlablishing the basis of dwarfing in different genotypes. Observation on plant height, trunk girth, bark area of trunk, xylem diameter, xylem area, xylem transversal area, bark transversal area, trunk transversal area, bark:wood ratio, rachis length, leaf blade length, dry weight of leaf were recorded on 30 litchi genotypes, having diverse growth habit. Data were subjected to correlation analysis. A positive correlation of plant height was found with trunk girth, rachis length, leaflet blade length and dry weight of leaf which was observed which also exhibited strong positive correlation with xylem diameter, xylem area and xylem transversal area. Similarly, bark area had a very strong positive correlation with bark:wood ratio but was negatively correlated with plant height, trunk girth, xylem diameter, xylem area and xylem transversal area. In litchi, dwarf genotypes have higher bark area and bark:wood ratio compared to vigorous ones. Using these parameters as criteria for screening the dwarfing genotypes would be useful to generate the information for differentiating between genotypes with varying growth and vigour.
{"title":"Assessment of dwarf genotypes in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) based on some trunk and leaf characteristics","authors":"J. Hazarika, N. Lal, S. Pandey, V. Nath","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i04.7749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i04.7749","url":null,"abstract":"Studying the relationship between trunk quantitative parameters and tree growth and vigour in litchi is crucial for estlablishing the basis of dwarfing in different genotypes. Observation on plant height, trunk girth, bark area of trunk, xylem diameter, xylem area, xylem transversal area, bark transversal area, trunk transversal area, bark:wood ratio, rachis length, leaf blade length, dry weight of leaf were recorded on 30 litchi genotypes, having diverse growth habit. Data were subjected to correlation analysis. A positive correlation of plant height was found with trunk girth, rachis length, leaflet blade length and dry weight of leaf which was observed which also exhibited strong positive correlation with xylem diameter, xylem area and xylem transversal area. Similarly, bark area had a very strong positive correlation with bark:wood ratio but was negatively correlated with plant height, trunk girth, xylem diameter, xylem area and xylem transversal area. In litchi, dwarf genotypes have higher bark area and bark:wood ratio compared to vigorous ones. Using these parameters as criteria for screening the dwarfing genotypes would be useful to generate the information for differentiating between genotypes with varying growth and vigour.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84006210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deficiency of iron in plants is the most serious problem in recent agricultural practices due to the introduction of high yielding varieties, loss through leaching and reduced farm yard manure application. Chelating agents are widely used to increase the solubility of micronutrients, for stable and sustainable crop production.A chelate refers to a ring system that results when a metal ion combines with two or more electron donor groups of a single molecule.The lab experiment was carried out to study the synthesis of Fe chelates by using organic and amino acid based chelating agents. The synthesized iron chelate was characterized. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of foliar and soil application of amino acids and organic acids chelated micronutrients on growth yield and qualityof blackgram. The plants were sprayed with single dose of organically chelated iron(1%) along with common ferrous sulphate on 25 and 45 DAS and untreated control. The results showed that foliar application of 1% ferrous glycinate chelate at resulted in maximum plant height, SPAD value, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1, pod length and 100 grain weight, Starch content and Protein content of blackgram in calcareous black soil.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Chelates Using Organic and Amino acids as a Chelating Agents and Evaluation of Their Efficiency in Improving the Growth, Yield and Quality of Blackgram","authors":"D. Jawahar, S. Murali, D. Sharmila, K. Sivakumar","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i04.7748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i04.7748","url":null,"abstract":"Deficiency of iron in plants is the most serious problem in recent agricultural practices due to the introduction of high yielding varieties, loss through leaching and reduced farm yard manure application. Chelating agents are widely used to increase the solubility of micronutrients, for stable and sustainable crop production.A chelate refers to a ring system that results when a metal ion combines with two or more electron donor groups of a single molecule.The lab experiment was carried out to study the synthesis of Fe chelates by using organic and amino acid based chelating agents. The synthesized iron chelate was characterized. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of foliar and soil application of amino acids and organic acids chelated micronutrients on growth yield and qualityof blackgram. The plants were sprayed with single dose of organically chelated iron(1%) along with common ferrous sulphate on 25 and 45 DAS and untreated control. The results showed that foliar application of 1% ferrous glycinate chelate at resulted in maximum plant height, SPAD value, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1, pod length and 100 grain weight, Starch content and Protein content of blackgram in calcareous black soil.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88171392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was carried out at Experimental Unit, Tilak Dhari Post Graduate College, Jaunpur Uttar Pradesh during winter season of 2018-19 to investigate growth, yield and qualitative parameters of various radish varieties. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (R.B.D.) with ten treatments and three replicatations. Ten varieties of radish, used for the study as treatments were viz., Pusa Chetaki, Pusa Himani, Kashi Hans, Subhra-32, Menu Early, Desi Local, Japanese White, Palak Patta, Kashi Sweta and Local-1. The growth parameters like Germination percentage (%) was maximum in Kashi Sweta (95.03 %), while it was minimum in Local-1 (81.20 %), The maximum plant height (56.52 cm), Number of leaves/plant (19.81), Leaf length (33.38 cm), Leaf width (13.04 cm), Chlorophyll contents (42.82 SPAD), Root length (30.89cm), Root Diameter (54.64 mm), Root weight (165.46gm), Leaf weight (110.38 gm), Whole plant weight (275.870 gm), Root yield/plot (4.467 kg) and Root yield/ha (446.50 q) were found in Kashi Sweta. Whereas the minimum plant height (40.96 cm), Number of leaves/plant (9.86), Leaf length (21.56 cm), Leaf width (7.05 cm), Chlorophyll contents (33.38 SPAD), Root length (19.50 cm), Root Diameter (38.83 mm), Root weight (121.15 gm), Leaf weight (80.94 gm), Whole plant weight (202.093 gm), Root yield/plot (3.271 kg) and Root yield/ha (327.07 q) were found in Local-1.
{"title":"PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF RADISH (Raphanus sativus L.)","authors":"R. Singh, Deepanshu Singh, Hari Baksh","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i04.7750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i04.7750","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out at Experimental Unit, Tilak Dhari Post Graduate College, Jaunpur Uttar Pradesh during winter season of 2018-19 to investigate growth, yield and qualitative parameters of various radish varieties. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (R.B.D.) with ten treatments and three replicatations. Ten varieties of radish, used for the study as treatments were viz., Pusa Chetaki, Pusa Himani, Kashi Hans, Subhra-32, Menu Early, Desi Local, Japanese White, Palak Patta, Kashi Sweta and Local-1. The growth parameters like Germination percentage (%) was maximum in Kashi Sweta (95.03 %), while it was minimum in Local-1 (81.20 %), The maximum plant height (56.52 cm), Number of leaves/plant (19.81), Leaf length (33.38 cm), Leaf width (13.04 cm), Chlorophyll contents (42.82 SPAD), Root length (30.89cm), Root Diameter (54.64 mm), Root weight (165.46gm), Leaf weight (110.38 gm), Whole plant weight (275.870 gm), Root yield/plot (4.467 kg) and Root yield/ha (446.50 q) were found in Kashi Sweta. Whereas the minimum plant height (40.96 cm), Number of leaves/plant (9.86), Leaf length (21.56 cm), Leaf width (7.05 cm), Chlorophyll contents (33.38 SPAD), Root length (19.50 cm), Root Diameter (38.83 mm), Root weight (121.15 gm), Leaf weight (80.94 gm), Whole plant weight (202.093 gm), Root yield/plot (3.271 kg) and Root yield/ha (327.07 q) were found in Local-1.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74063251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar car can be categorized as a ‘green vehicle’ with zero carbon emission. With an aim to develop low cost eco-friendly commuting system, a prototype of solar car has been designed and developed in the College of Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering, S.D. Agricultural University, S.K. Nagar, India. Engine and transmission system of anold petrol car were completely removed to refurbish it by Variable Drive Brushless Direct Current Motor (VBLDC), battery bank, control mechanism, sensors and solar modules. 48 V, 105 Ah Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) tubular thin plate battery bank was designed to operate a VBLDC motor of 1248 W capacity. 300 Wp polycrystalline solar array has been installed on the car rooftop to deliver synchronized power through charge controller. Results revealed thatin the course of insolation array of 5.0-6.00 kWh/m2, the solar modules were found to deliver consistent Voltage in between 71 V to 83 V, sufficient to charge battery bank reliably through the protection ofMaximum Power Point Tracker(MPPT) charge controller.Maximum instantaneous power values found were 224.84 W and 222.98 at corresponding voltage and current measurement of 49.2 V, 4.57 A and 48.9 V, 4.56A respectively. The battery bank took complete two days to achieve full charging status of 52.1 V when charged by solar array. Lab test showed that the car kept working for 2 hours and 57 minutes till the battery bank gets exhausted to 40.4 V. During field test the solar car performed for 1 hour and 50 minutes at an average speed of 30 km/h. Life Cycle Cost of solar car was found about five times less as compared to traditional petrol car.When compared with petrol car, average payback period and CO2 emission reduction were found to be about 02.32 years and 1679 kg/year.
{"title":"Design and Development of Low Cost Solar Powered Automobile System for Eco-friendly Transportation","authors":"Vinit V. Modi, V. M. Modi, Sanchavat H.","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i04.7753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i04.7753","url":null,"abstract":"Solar car can be categorized as a ‘green vehicle’ with zero carbon emission. With an aim to develop low cost eco-friendly commuting system, a prototype of solar car has been designed and developed in the College of Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering, S.D. Agricultural University, S.K. Nagar, India. Engine and transmission system of anold petrol car were completely removed to refurbish it by Variable Drive Brushless Direct Current Motor (VBLDC), battery bank, control mechanism, sensors and solar modules. 48 V, 105 Ah Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) tubular thin plate battery bank was designed to operate a VBLDC motor of 1248 W capacity. 300 Wp polycrystalline solar array has been installed on the car rooftop to deliver synchronized power through charge controller. Results revealed thatin the course of insolation array of 5.0-6.00 kWh/m2, the solar modules were found to deliver consistent Voltage in between 71 V to 83 V, sufficient to charge battery bank reliably through the protection ofMaximum Power Point Tracker(MPPT) charge controller.Maximum instantaneous power values found were 224.84 W and 222.98 at corresponding voltage and current measurement of 49.2 V, 4.57 A and 48.9 V, 4.56A respectively. The battery bank took complete two days to achieve full charging status of 52.1 V when charged by solar array. Lab test showed that the car kept working for 2 hours and 57 minutes till the battery bank gets exhausted to 40.4 V. During field test the solar car performed for 1 hour and 50 minutes at an average speed of 30 km/h. Life Cycle Cost of solar car was found about five times less as compared to traditional petrol car.When compared with petrol car, average payback period and CO2 emission reduction were found to be about 02.32 years and 1679 kg/year.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80995775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kulbhushan Saxena, P. Jeet, Akshay K. Singh, P. K. Sundaram, A. Upadhyaya, S. Patel, B. Sarkar
Rapid growth in population leads to urbanization resulting in considerable land use, land covers changes, and creates a sequence of environmental and food security problems. Due to speedy urbanization the agricultural lands has been converted into no-agricultural activity such as brick production. Brick kilns required larger areas for brick production and it removes agriculturally productive topsoil rich in clay, soil organic matter content and others important soil nutrient that is viable for agricultural growth. In addition to the removal of fertile top soil, brick kilns making process also emits harmful gases into the atmosphere. This harmful gaseous emission from brick kilns impacts the available natural resources and livelihood nearby it. Its emission results in decreased land and plant productivity, lowered ground water levels, and particularly leads to air pollution. It was found that neighbouring areas of brick kilns has low organic matter content and soil nutrients, and high soil electrical conductivity and low pH. It also changes the chemical and biological characteristics of soil and water. A change in physical, chemical and biological parameters of soil and water leads to reduce cultivated areas, and finally reduces agricultural production and productivity. It also directly impacts the food production system and could threaten the livelihood of present and future generations by degrading agricultural soil and consequently also eroding the economic basis of farmers.
{"title":"Effect of Brick kilns emissions on land, water, agriculture production, socio-economic and livelihood status: A Review","authors":"Kulbhushan Saxena, P. Jeet, Akshay K. Singh, P. K. Sundaram, A. Upadhyaya, S. Patel, B. Sarkar","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i04.7744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i04.7744","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid growth in population leads to urbanization resulting in considerable land use, land covers changes, and creates a sequence of environmental and food security problems. Due to speedy urbanization the agricultural lands has been converted into no-agricultural activity such as brick production. Brick kilns required larger areas for brick production and it removes agriculturally productive topsoil rich in clay, soil organic matter content and others important soil nutrient that is viable for agricultural growth. In addition to the removal of fertile top soil, brick kilns making process also emits harmful gases into the atmosphere. This harmful gaseous emission from brick kilns impacts the available natural resources and livelihood nearby it. Its emission results in decreased land and plant productivity, lowered ground water levels, and particularly leads to air pollution. It was found that neighbouring areas of brick kilns has low organic matter content and soil nutrients, and high soil electrical conductivity and low pH. It also changes the chemical and biological characteristics of soil and water. A change in physical, chemical and biological parameters of soil and water leads to reduce cultivated areas, and finally reduces agricultural production and productivity. It also directly impacts the food production system and could threaten the livelihood of present and future generations by degrading agricultural soil and consequently also eroding the economic basis of farmers.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88626192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stress like drought is an important production constraint that drastically reduces rice yield. The present study was conducted during kharif season of 2019 through the front line demonstrations in Malkangiri district of South Eastern Ghat Zone of Odisha to evaluate the performance of drought tolerant rice variety Swarna Shreya with recommended package (demonstrated technology) of practices. Rice variety Sahabhagi dhan was considered as local check (farmers practice). Performance of Swarna Shreya was better in terms of plant height (110.4 cm), number of tillers hill-1 (17.8), panicle length (23.5 cm), number of grains panicle-1 (162), test weight (23.4 g) with yield of 42.4 q ha-1. In terms of yield, it was 15.2% more with Swarna Shreya as compared to local check Sahabhagi dhan. Highest economic return with more B: C ratio (1.8) was also recorded with Swarna shreya. So, drought tolerant rice variety Sahabhagi dhan can be replaced with Swarna Shreya for more yield and higher economic return in rainfed upland ecosystem of South Eastern Ghat Zone of Odisha.
{"title":"Performance of Stress Tolerant Rice Variety Swarna Shreya Under Rainfed Drought-Prone Areas of South Eastern Ghat Zone of Odisha","authors":"S. R. DASH1, B. Routray, H. Das, N. Behera","doi":"10.21921/jas.v8i04.7754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v8i04.7754","url":null,"abstract":"Stress like drought is an important production constraint that drastically reduces rice yield. The present study was conducted during kharif season of 2019 through the front line demonstrations in Malkangiri district of South Eastern Ghat Zone of Odisha to evaluate the performance of drought tolerant rice variety Swarna Shreya with recommended package (demonstrated technology) of practices. Rice variety Sahabhagi dhan was considered as local check (farmers practice). Performance of Swarna Shreya was better in terms of plant height (110.4 cm), number of tillers hill-1 (17.8), panicle length (23.5 cm), number of grains panicle-1 (162), test weight (23.4 g) with yield of 42.4 q ha-1. In terms of yield, it was 15.2% more with Swarna Shreya as compared to local check Sahabhagi dhan. Highest economic return with more B: C ratio (1.8) was also recorded with Swarna shreya. So, drought tolerant rice variety Sahabhagi dhan can be replaced with Swarna Shreya for more yield and higher economic return in rainfed upland ecosystem of South Eastern Ghat Zone of Odisha.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78129203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.21921/jas.v9i03.11012
Y. Pandey, Junaid Nazeer Khan, P. K. Singh, S. M. Dadhich
In this study, irrigation return flow (deep percolation) has been estimated by using water balance approach. The experimental setup consisted of two lysimeters installed at the College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology field lab, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar in which pea crop was grown, simulating the natural conditions available in the vicinity of lysimeter. Regular measurements of soil moisture were made at the depths 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm and 80-100 cm using gravimetric method. The evapotranspiration estimates were determined using FAO-Penman-Monteith equation. The deep percolation was calculated using the water-balance approach. The deep percolation losses calculated by water-balance approach are comparable to the observed values of deep percolation obtained by the lysimeters. The observed and the calculated values of deep percolation have 7.65% (using water balance method) difference. Results obtained showed that locally constructed lysimeters could effectively be utilized in water balance studies of a cropped area when used in combination with root zone soil moisture monitoring devices.
{"title":"Estimation of Irrigation Return Flow in Sandy-Loam Soil using Water-balance Approach","authors":"Y. Pandey, Junaid Nazeer Khan, P. K. Singh, S. M. Dadhich","doi":"10.21921/jas.v9i03.11012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v9i03.11012","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, irrigation return flow (deep percolation) has been estimated by using water balance approach. The experimental setup consisted of two lysimeters installed at the College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology field lab, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar in which pea crop was grown, simulating the natural conditions available in the vicinity of lysimeter. Regular measurements of soil moisture were made at the depths 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm and 80-100 cm using gravimetric method. The evapotranspiration estimates were determined using FAO-Penman-Monteith equation. The deep percolation was calculated using the water-balance approach. The deep percolation losses calculated by water-balance approach are comparable to the observed values of deep percolation obtained by the lysimeters. The observed and the calculated values of deep percolation have 7.65% (using water balance method) difference. Results obtained showed that locally constructed lysimeters could effectively be utilized in water balance studies of a cropped area when used in combination with root zone soil moisture monitoring devices.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"365 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77333164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.21921/jas.v9i03.11008
Anurag Yadav, Ganvani Hinaben, K. Yadav, R. Ahmad
The rhizosphere of several plants was screened for phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) from eight locations of North Gujrat. Thirty-three PSB were isolated in the study. Four PSB isolates with the highest phosphate solubilization index between 1.55–2 were characterized morphologically and biochemically and identified through 16S rRNAsequencing as Klebsiella aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Kocuria flava and Enterobacter hormaechei. The growth of isolates was measured by plotting an optical density-based semi-logarithmic growth curve. The isolates were measured for Psolubilization in Pikovskaya broth. The isolate K. flava LC515414 -1solubilized maximum CaPO (7.63 μm P mL). The acid and alkaline phosphatase activity of 34the isolates was also measured for 96 h in the growth medium. After 96 h of growth, the isolate -1K. flava LC515414 had the highest final acid and alkaline phosphatase activity of 4.68 U Land -15.67 U L
从古吉拉特邦北部8个地点对几种植物的根际进行了磷酸盐增溶菌(PSB)筛选。本研究共分离到33株PSB。磷酸溶解指数在1.55 ~ 2之间最高的4株PSB菌株进行了形态和生化鉴定，并通过16S rrna测序鉴定为产气克雷伯菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、黄化kcuria和霍氏肠杆菌。通过绘制基于光密度的半对数生长曲线来测量分离株的生长。测定了分离菌在Pikovskaya肉汤中的增溶性。菌株LC515414 -1最大溶出CaPO (7.63 μm P mL)。测定了34株菌株在生长培养基中96 h的酸性和碱性磷酸酶活性。生长96 h后，分离物-1K。黄酮LC515414的最终酸碱性磷酸酶活性最高，为4.68 U Land -15.67 U L
{"title":"Physicochemical Properties of four Phosphate-solubilizing Bacteria Isolated from the Semi-arid Regions of North Gujarat, India","authors":"Anurag Yadav, Ganvani Hinaben, K. Yadav, R. Ahmad","doi":"10.21921/jas.v9i03.11008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v9i03.11008","url":null,"abstract":"The rhizosphere of several plants was screened for phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) from eight locations of North Gujrat. Thirty-three PSB were isolated in the study. Four PSB isolates with the highest phosphate solubilization index between 1.55–2 were characterized morphologically and biochemically and identified through 16S rRNAsequencing as Klebsiella aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Kocuria flava and Enterobacter hormaechei. The growth of isolates was measured by plotting an optical density-based semi-logarithmic growth curve. The isolates were measured for Psolubilization in Pikovskaya broth. The isolate K. flava LC515414 -1solubilized maximum CaPO (7.63 μm P mL). The acid and alkaline phosphatase activity of 34the isolates was also measured for 96 h in the growth medium. After 96 h of growth, the isolate -1K. flava LC515414 had the highest final acid and alkaline phosphatase activity of 4.68 U Land -15.67 U L","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88327020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.21921/jas.v9i03.11010
S. Sharma, S. Pandey, N. Prasad
Lac, a natural resin of insect origin, yields basically three useful materials i.e.resin, wax and dye and is an important source of livelihood for poor and tribal farmers in the lac growing regions. Lac growers harvest lac in form of lac stick and lac encrustations attached with sticks are then scraped which is known as sticklac. Sticklac contains impurities which need to be removed by converting sticklac in to seedlac through different unit operations under primary lac processing so that seedlac, a semi-refined product, can be further used in making lac based value added products i.e.shellac, button lac, bleached lac, aleuritic acid etc. Sticklac converted into seedlac can be stored like grain in jute/gunny bag or metal bin for longer period. Hence, lac grower can sell stored seedlac whenever they get remunerative price. Lac resin being natural, biodegradable and non-toxic, finds application in food, textile, furniture, electrical and pharmaceutical industries and provides immense employment opportunities. Regular demand for the materials derived from lac exists in the market due to global trend for use of natural products. Small scale lac processing unit can be established for conversion of sticklac in to seedlac in production catchment area at grower's level itself. Similarly, integrated small scale lac processing unit can also be utilized for conversion of sticklac in to seedlac with reduced man-power requirement and minimum drudgery. Equipments/machineries developed for manufacturing value added lac-based products may be encouraged in the country to reduce time of operation, drudgery and manpower requirement with enhanced capacity of value addition in lac and to promote entrepreneurship development which may further enhance employment generation. To ensure the quality of produce, traditional equipments/machineries needs replacement with new equipments/machineries made of food grade materials coupled with advanced automation system to the maximum possible extent. Value addition in lac could be promoted and migration of rural and tribal people to other states in search of employment could be minimized with adoption of improved equipment and machineries for value addition of lac at village level so that rural and tribal people may get remunerative price of their product. Hence, increase in sustainable livelihood of rural and tribal people might be possible with adoption of lac value addition sector
{"title":"Equipments for Manufacturing Lac Based Value Added Products","authors":"S. Sharma, S. Pandey, N. Prasad","doi":"10.21921/jas.v9i03.11010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v9i03.11010","url":null,"abstract":"Lac, a natural resin of insect origin, yields basically three useful materials i.e.resin, wax and dye and is an important source of livelihood for poor and tribal farmers in the lac growing regions. Lac growers harvest lac in form of lac stick and lac encrustations attached with sticks are then scraped which is known as sticklac. Sticklac contains impurities which need to be removed by converting sticklac in to seedlac through different unit operations under primary lac processing so that seedlac, a semi-refined product, can be further used in making lac based value added products i.e.shellac, button lac, bleached lac, aleuritic acid etc. Sticklac converted into seedlac can be stored like grain in jute/gunny bag or metal bin for longer period. Hence, lac grower can sell stored seedlac whenever they get remunerative price. Lac resin being natural, biodegradable and non-toxic, finds application in food, textile, furniture, electrical and pharmaceutical industries and provides immense employment opportunities. Regular demand for the materials derived from lac exists in the market due to global trend for use of natural products. Small scale lac processing unit can be established for conversion of sticklac in to seedlac in production catchment area at grower's level itself. Similarly, integrated small scale lac processing unit can also be utilized for conversion of sticklac in to seedlac with reduced man-power requirement and minimum drudgery. Equipments/machineries developed for manufacturing value added lac-based products may be encouraged in the country to reduce time of operation, drudgery and manpower requirement with enhanced capacity of value addition in lac and to promote entrepreneurship development which may further enhance employment generation. To ensure the quality of produce, traditional equipments/machineries needs replacement with new equipments/machineries made of food grade materials coupled with advanced automation system to the maximum possible extent. Value addition in lac could be promoted and migration of rural and tribal people to other states in search of employment could be minimized with adoption of improved equipment and machineries for value addition of lac at village level so that rural and tribal people may get remunerative price of their product. Hence, increase in sustainable livelihood of rural and tribal people might be possible with adoption of lac value addition sector","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78490545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-03DOI: 10.21921/jas.v9i03.11013
Arti Kumari, A. Upadhyaya, S. Nagarkar, NagireddyMasthan Reddy, Rajkishor Kumar, A. K. Singh
An attempt has been made to analyze the LULC change pattern of Nagpur over the past decade (2010-2020) using remote sensing and GIS. In this study, the LULC map for selected years was prepared by supervised classification using a maximum likelihood algorithm from Landsat data, and accuracy assessment by confusion matrix. The results showed that there were major changes in built-up areas (17.37% expansion) and barren land (19.32% deduction). However, water bodies and forest cover decreased slightly by 0.17% and 0.76%, respectively. Overall, the acreage used for agriculture increased by 2.88% and seems to have been replaced by barren / forest areas. Overall, the LULC change detection algorithms used for classification was very effective with an overall accuracy of 78.88 and 73.30% and a kappa coefficient of 0.74 and 0.67, respectively for 2010 and 2020, considered substantial. Overall, Nagpur's land cover changes constantly due to overcrowding; water and forest bodies are adversely affected by rapid urbanization. The study concludes that previous 10 years of Nagpur LULC trend analysis will help to understand land use change pattern by line departments and take necessary actions to reduce the negative impact of land use and land cover change, as well as proper land use planning and management of the Nagpur city.
{"title":"Decadal Land Use Land Cover Change Analysis using Remote Sensing and GIS in Nagpur city of Maharashtra, India","authors":"Arti Kumari, A. Upadhyaya, S. Nagarkar, NagireddyMasthan Reddy, Rajkishor Kumar, A. K. Singh","doi":"10.21921/jas.v9i03.11013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21921/jas.v9i03.11013","url":null,"abstract":"An attempt has been made to analyze the LULC change pattern of Nagpur over the past decade (2010-2020) using remote sensing and GIS. In this study, the LULC map for selected years was prepared by supervised classification using a maximum likelihood algorithm from Landsat data, and accuracy assessment by confusion matrix. The results showed that there were major changes in built-up areas (17.37% expansion) and barren land (19.32% deduction). However, water bodies and forest cover decreased slightly by 0.17% and 0.76%, respectively. Overall, the acreage used for agriculture increased by 2.88% and seems to have been replaced by barren / forest areas. Overall, the LULC change detection algorithms used for classification was very effective with an overall accuracy of 78.88 and 73.30% and a kappa coefficient of 0.74 and 0.67, respectively for 2010 and 2020, considered substantial. Overall, Nagpur's land cover changes constantly due to overcrowding; water and forest bodies are adversely affected by rapid urbanization. The study concludes that previous 10 years of Nagpur LULC trend analysis will help to understand land use change pattern by line departments and take necessary actions to reduce the negative impact of land use and land cover change, as well as proper land use planning and management of the Nagpur city.","PeriodicalId":14972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of AgriSearch","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84415752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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