Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.21608/aprh.2022.125054.1151
N. Ismail
Objectives: In diabetic conditions, hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress promotes alterations of function and other properties of the erythrocyte membrane. In this study, we investigated the effects of Balanites aegyptiaca (100 mg/kg) on biophysical characteristics of erythrocyte membranes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty-four male rats were divided into three groups as follows: Group 1, control group; Group 2, diabetic group; and Group 3, diabetic plus Balanites aegyptiaca (Heglig dates). After 30 days of treatment, we determined erythrocyte osmotic fragility, AC conductivity, auto-oxidation rate of hemoglobin, and electron paramagnetic resonance. Results: The osmotic fragility was significantly higher in the diabetic group compared to the control and diabetic with Heglig dates. We also found a significant decrease in the hemoglobin concentration. Conclusion: Four weeks of daily supplementation with 100 mg/kg Heglig dates suggest the beneficial role of Balanites aegyptiaca fruit as a hypoglycemic and could reduce the levels of oxidative stress markers by inhibiting lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
{"title":"Balanites aegyptiaca (Heglig Dates) Reduces Oxidative Stress and Biophysical Alterations of Erythrocyte Membranes in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats","authors":"N. Ismail","doi":"10.21608/aprh.2022.125054.1151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2022.125054.1151","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: In diabetic conditions, hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress promotes alterations of function and other properties of the erythrocyte membrane. In this study, we investigated the effects of Balanites aegyptiaca (100 mg/kg) on biophysical characteristics of erythrocyte membranes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty-four male rats were divided into three groups as follows: Group 1, control group; Group 2, diabetic group; and Group 3, diabetic plus Balanites aegyptiaca (Heglig dates). After 30 days of treatment, we determined erythrocyte osmotic fragility, AC conductivity, auto-oxidation rate of hemoglobin, and electron paramagnetic resonance. Results: The osmotic fragility was significantly higher in the diabetic group compared to the control and diabetic with Heglig dates. We also found a significant decrease in the hemoglobin concentration. Conclusion: Four weeks of daily supplementation with 100 mg/kg Heglig dates suggest the beneficial role of Balanites aegyptiaca fruit as a hypoglycemic and could reduce the levels of oxidative stress markers by inhibiting lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":15017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83061100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.21608/aprh.2022.115708.1150
Heba E. Elsayed, Hassan Y. Ebrahim, M. Hassanein, E. Haggag, Mouchira A. Choucry
Objectives: The current study aimed at the phenolic profiling, antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-arthritic in vitro screening of the 80% aq. methanol extract of Astrophytum ornatum (DC) Britton & Rose flowers for the first time. Methods: Phytochemical screening was accomplished using the standard adopted techniques as per constituent. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified using Folin-ciocalteau and aluminum chloride colorimetric assays, respectively. HPLC, using available reference phenolics, was implemented for the tentative identification of the phenolic metabolites. The extract was subjected to fractionation and isolation of its major components using open column chromatography packed with relevant stationary phases, while the structure of the isolated metabolites was elucidated based on the physical, chromatographic properties and/ or spectroscopic data. Finally, the antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-arthritic potential of the extract was determined in terms of the DPPH radical scavenging, anti-collagenase, and protein denaturation inhibitory effect, respectively. Results: panel of metabolites were revealed from the qualitative phytochemical screening for instance, carbohydrates and/glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and essential oils. The quantified total phenolic and flavonoid contents were calculated as 222.51± 0.24 µg GAE/mg and 138.18± 0.10 µg QE/mg, respectively. The HPLC tentatively identified eleven phenolic acids (representing 5.4626 %) and eleven flavonoids (representing 19.5273 %) among which naringin represents the major identified flavonoid glycoside (5.7055 %) while, apigenin (4.1018%) is the major identified aglycon. In the same context, the chromatographic fractionation afforded four metabolites viz , mixture of isoquercetrin ( 1 ), hyperoside ( 2 ), quercetin ( 3 ), and kaempferol ( 4 ). From the pharmacological perspective, the tested extract displayed promising IC 50 =79.3 ± 3.8, 62.4 ± 2.1, and 54.6 ± 2.7 µg/ml in the DPPH radical scavenging, anti-collagenase, and protein denaturation assays, respectively. Conclusion: Astrophytum ornatum flowers are valuable source of bio-active flavonoids that may in part displayed a significant role in the management of free radical related disorders just as aging and arthritis.
{"title":"Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant-Related Activities of Astrophytum ornatum (DC) Britton & Rose Flowers Cultivated in Egypt","authors":"Heba E. Elsayed, Hassan Y. Ebrahim, M. Hassanein, E. Haggag, Mouchira A. Choucry","doi":"10.21608/aprh.2022.115708.1150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2022.115708.1150","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The current study aimed at the phenolic profiling, antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-arthritic in vitro screening of the 80% aq. methanol extract of Astrophytum ornatum (DC) Britton & Rose flowers for the first time. Methods: Phytochemical screening was accomplished using the standard adopted techniques as per constituent. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified using Folin-ciocalteau and aluminum chloride colorimetric assays, respectively. HPLC, using available reference phenolics, was implemented for the tentative identification of the phenolic metabolites. The extract was subjected to fractionation and isolation of its major components using open column chromatography packed with relevant stationary phases, while the structure of the isolated metabolites was elucidated based on the physical, chromatographic properties and/ or spectroscopic data. Finally, the antioxidant, anti-aging, and anti-arthritic potential of the extract was determined in terms of the DPPH radical scavenging, anti-collagenase, and protein denaturation inhibitory effect, respectively. Results: panel of metabolites were revealed from the qualitative phytochemical screening for instance, carbohydrates and/glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and essential oils. The quantified total phenolic and flavonoid contents were calculated as 222.51± 0.24 µg GAE/mg and 138.18± 0.10 µg QE/mg, respectively. The HPLC tentatively identified eleven phenolic acids (representing 5.4626 %) and eleven flavonoids (representing 19.5273 %) among which naringin represents the major identified flavonoid glycoside (5.7055 %) while, apigenin (4.1018%) is the major identified aglycon. In the same context, the chromatographic fractionation afforded four metabolites viz , mixture of isoquercetrin ( 1 ), hyperoside ( 2 ), quercetin ( 3 ), and kaempferol ( 4 ). From the pharmacological perspective, the tested extract displayed promising IC 50 =79.3 ± 3.8, 62.4 ± 2.1, and 54.6 ± 2.7 µg/ml in the DPPH radical scavenging, anti-collagenase, and protein denaturation assays, respectively. Conclusion: Astrophytum ornatum flowers are valuable source of bio-active flavonoids that may in part displayed a significant role in the management of free radical related disorders just as aging and arthritis.","PeriodicalId":15017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82087595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21608/aprh.2021.95357.1140
Ahmed Atia, Malath Gismallah, Esra Almogadmi
Background and objectives. Medical representatives (MRs) have an impact in the medical community in terms of their promotion of medical products. The pattern of choosing to prescribe drugs by doctors may be affected according to the extent to which the representative is convinced the doctor which eventually influence physicians’ prescribing decisions and choice of drugs. The current study aimed to assess the influence of medical representatives on prescribing practice of physicians in health facilities in Tripoli, Libya. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period from Jan to April 2021, targeting different physicians in a number of public hospitals and private clinics in Tripoli. Data were collected using a pre-validated questionnaire and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results. Out of 135 distributed questionnaires, 122 were filled completely giving a response rate of 90.3%. About 36.3% of the respondents were males and 67.2% of them were within the age group of 30–40. The majority of physicians reported that the most common category of drug information was from the internet 78.7%, followed by medical representatives 60.6%, and medical journals 32.8%. The most effective reminder was a product sample (52.5%), leaflet (47.5%), a frequent visit (29.5%), a gift with a corporate logo (27.3%), medical representatives' acceptance of trustworthiness (16.4%), brochures (14.8%), and other approaches (23%). Furthermore, about 73.8 % of physicians were prescribing medications for their patients based on drug company. Conclusion. The outcomes of this study gave insight into prospective target areas for Libyan drug policymakers and regulatory agencies, and to develop a comprehensive guideline for MR interaction with health care professionals, as well as enforcement measures.
{"title":"Influence of Medical Representatives on Prescribing Practices in Tripoli","authors":"Ahmed Atia, Malath Gismallah, Esra Almogadmi","doi":"10.21608/aprh.2021.95357.1140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2021.95357.1140","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives. Medical representatives (MRs) have an impact in the medical community in terms of their promotion of medical products. The pattern of choosing to prescribe drugs by doctors may be affected according to the extent to which the representative is convinced the doctor which eventually influence physicians’ prescribing decisions and choice of drugs. The current study aimed to assess the influence of medical representatives on prescribing practice of physicians in health facilities in Tripoli, Libya. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period from Jan to April 2021, targeting different physicians in a number of public hospitals and private clinics in Tripoli. Data were collected using a pre-validated questionnaire and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results. Out of 135 distributed questionnaires, 122 were filled completely giving a response rate of 90.3%. About 36.3% of the respondents were males and 67.2% of them were within the age group of 30–40. The majority of physicians reported that the most common category of drug information was from the internet 78.7%, followed by medical representatives 60.6%, and medical journals 32.8%. The most effective reminder was a product sample (52.5%), leaflet (47.5%), a frequent visit (29.5%), a gift with a corporate logo (27.3%), medical representatives' acceptance of trustworthiness (16.4%), brochures (14.8%), and other approaches (23%). Furthermore, about 73.8 % of physicians were prescribing medications for their patients based on drug company. Conclusion. The outcomes of this study gave insight into prospective target areas for Libyan drug policymakers and regulatory agencies, and to develop a comprehensive guideline for MR interaction with health care professionals, as well as enforcement measures.","PeriodicalId":15017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76973455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21608/aprh.2022.111305.1147
A. Soliman, Salah Abdelbary, Ahmed Yonus, T. Abdelghany
Objectives: Ganoderma lucidum, a traditional Chinese mushroom, has been widely used for the management of antibacterial infection and nutrition. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum methanol extract against MRSA infection in vitro and in vivo in case of made special diet for albino rates. Methods: Ganoderma lucidum was collected then form extracted using methanol and characterized using GC-MS. In vitro assay to evaluate anti-MRSA activity was done using Agar well diffusion method with MIC determined. In vivo, total of 32 male and female albino rats of 6-8 weeks with a body weight of (115 – 120) g were divided into four groups with 8 rats in each: negative control, positive control injected IP with 200 micro of MRSA (8*10^8 CFU/mouse) and 2 groups have injected IP with 200 micro of MRSA (8*10^8 CFU/mouse) with G. lucidum methanol extract dose of (125 and 250 mcg respectively) for 3 weeks, blood samples and lungs were collected for examination. Results: Treatment of albino rats with Ganoderma lucidum methanol extract reduced the histological changes due to lung inflammation induced by MRSA infection and significantly reduced increasing in the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Also, it shows a good antibacterial effect against MRSA colonies growth which supports the antibacterial therapeutic effect of G. lucidum. Conclusion: Present study concluded that G. lucidum methanol extract has potent antibacterial effect against MRSA infected albino rats, and it’s effective as protective against lung inflammation induced by MRSA infection.
{"title":"Trends in Assessment of Ganoderma lucidum Methanol Extract Against MRSA Infection In Vitro and In Vivo with Nutrition Support","authors":"A. Soliman, Salah Abdelbary, Ahmed Yonus, T. Abdelghany","doi":"10.21608/aprh.2022.111305.1147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2022.111305.1147","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Ganoderma lucidum, a traditional Chinese mushroom, has been widely used for the management of antibacterial infection and nutrition. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum methanol extract against MRSA infection in vitro and in vivo in case of made special diet for albino rates. Methods: Ganoderma lucidum was collected then form extracted using methanol and characterized using GC-MS. In vitro assay to evaluate anti-MRSA activity was done using Agar well diffusion method with MIC determined. In vivo, total of 32 male and female albino rats of 6-8 weeks with a body weight of (115 – 120) g were divided into four groups with 8 rats in each: negative control, positive control injected IP with 200 micro of MRSA (8*10^8 CFU/mouse) and 2 groups have injected IP with 200 micro of MRSA (8*10^8 CFU/mouse) with G. lucidum methanol extract dose of (125 and 250 mcg respectively) for 3 weeks, blood samples and lungs were collected for examination. Results: Treatment of albino rats with Ganoderma lucidum methanol extract reduced the histological changes due to lung inflammation induced by MRSA infection and significantly reduced increasing in the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Also, it shows a good antibacterial effect against MRSA colonies growth which supports the antibacterial therapeutic effect of G. lucidum. Conclusion: Present study concluded that G. lucidum methanol extract has potent antibacterial effect against MRSA infected albino rats, and it’s effective as protective against lung inflammation induced by MRSA infection.","PeriodicalId":15017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73022003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21608/aprh.2021.98458.1143
Dina Mohamed, Maha Abou El- alamin, Safaa Tubar
Objectives: The objective of the proposed method is to develop a validated sensitive, selective, rapid, and low-cost spectrofluorimetric technique for the estimation of Vildagliptin depending on its quenching effect on the fluorescence intensity of Terbium (Tb). Methods: The proposed method involves quantitative fluorescence quenching of terbium measured at 477 nm after excitation at 239 nm. Various experimental conditions were investigated as pH, time of reaction, order of mixing of reagents, concentrations of Tb and buffer. Results: Under optimum conditions, good linearity was obtained within the range 20.0-3000.0 ng/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.9997. LOD and LOQ were 1.8 ng/mL and 19.2 ng/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed method accomplished greener parameters; accordingly, it is a green choice for the determination of Vildagliptin in bulk, pharmaceutical dosage form, and spiked plasma.
{"title":"Green Spectrofluorimetric Technique for the Determination of Vildagliptin Through Quenching Lanthanide Luminescence in Pure, Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Spiked Plasma","authors":"Dina Mohamed, Maha Abou El- alamin, Safaa Tubar","doi":"10.21608/aprh.2021.98458.1143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2021.98458.1143","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objective of the proposed method is to develop a validated sensitive, selective, rapid, and low-cost spectrofluorimetric technique for the estimation of Vildagliptin depending on its quenching effect on the fluorescence intensity of Terbium (Tb). Methods: The proposed method involves quantitative fluorescence quenching of terbium measured at 477 nm after excitation at 239 nm. Various experimental conditions were investigated as pH, time of reaction, order of mixing of reagents, concentrations of Tb and buffer. Results: Under optimum conditions, good linearity was obtained within the range 20.0-3000.0 ng/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.9997. LOD and LOQ were 1.8 ng/mL and 19.2 ng/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed method accomplished greener parameters; accordingly, it is a green choice for the determination of Vildagliptin in bulk, pharmaceutical dosage form, and spiked plasma.","PeriodicalId":15017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80565445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21608/aprh.2021.97253.1142
Fatma Bakr, Moetaza M. Soliman, H. Elsabbagh
Objective: Labetalol hydrochloride is an alpha/beta adrenoceptor blocker that undergoes comprehensive first passmetabolism resulting in a low oral bioavailability. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate mucoadhesive buccal formulations of labetalol hydrochloride for enhancement of its bioavailability. Methods: Using various concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), carbopol-934, and sodium alginate, ten formulations of mucoadhesive buccal tablets containing labetalol hydrochloride were prepared. The produced tablets were evaluated to test physical and mucoadhesive properties as well as in-vitro drug release properties. Ex-vivo evaluations of the tablets were examined using chicken pouch membrane. Formulations that offered best results in in-vitro and ex-vivo evaluations were selected for running in-vivo comparative bioavailability study using New Zealand rabbits and adopted HPLC method to assess the buccal bioavailability of labetalol hydrochloride in relation to its oral bioavailability from commercial tablets. Results: It was found that drug release and mucoadhesive properties depended on the type and proportion of different polymers. Sodium alginate-containing formulations showed higher release rates and ex-vivo permeation rates compared to carbopolcontaining formulations. Increasing the proportion of HPMC resulted in more swelling, better mucoahesion forces and times but more delayed permeation and release rates. A strong correlation was detected between in-vivo drug release and ex-vivo transmucosal permeation of labetalol hydrochloride. The relative bioavailability of labetalol hydrochloride from the selected mucoadhesive buccal tablets F1 and F6 were 2.76 and 1.60, respectively. Conclusion: The produced mucoadhesive buccal tablets were successful in improving the systemic bioavailability of labetalol hydrochloride in rabbits. Clinical applications of formulations F1 and F6 are recommended.
{"title":"Formulation and In-Vitro, Ex-Vivo, and In-Vivo Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets Containing Labetalol Hydrochloride for Enhancement of Systemic Bioavailability","authors":"Fatma Bakr, Moetaza M. Soliman, H. Elsabbagh","doi":"10.21608/aprh.2021.97253.1142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2021.97253.1142","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Labetalol hydrochloride is an alpha/beta adrenoceptor blocker that undergoes comprehensive first passmetabolism resulting in a low oral bioavailability. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate mucoadhesive buccal formulations of labetalol hydrochloride for enhancement of its bioavailability. Methods: Using various concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), carbopol-934, and sodium alginate, ten formulations of mucoadhesive buccal tablets containing labetalol hydrochloride were prepared. The produced tablets were evaluated to test physical and mucoadhesive properties as well as in-vitro drug release properties. Ex-vivo evaluations of the tablets were examined using chicken pouch membrane. Formulations that offered best results in in-vitro and ex-vivo evaluations were selected for running in-vivo comparative bioavailability study using New Zealand rabbits and adopted HPLC method to assess the buccal bioavailability of labetalol hydrochloride in relation to its oral bioavailability from commercial tablets. Results: It was found that drug release and mucoadhesive properties depended on the type and proportion of different polymers. Sodium alginate-containing formulations showed higher release rates and ex-vivo permeation rates compared to carbopolcontaining formulations. Increasing the proportion of HPMC resulted in more swelling, better mucoahesion forces and times but more delayed permeation and release rates. A strong correlation was detected between in-vivo drug release and ex-vivo transmucosal permeation of labetalol hydrochloride. The relative bioavailability of labetalol hydrochloride from the selected mucoadhesive buccal tablets F1 and F6 were 2.76 and 1.60, respectively. Conclusion: The produced mucoadhesive buccal tablets were successful in improving the systemic bioavailability of labetalol hydrochloride in rabbits. Clinical applications of formulations F1 and F6 are recommended.","PeriodicalId":15017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79365365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21608/aprh.2021.104236.1144
Eslam M. Korany, H. Soliman, Maryam Abd El Gawwad, Nora El Naggar, H. Ibrahim
Background: The Goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) calyces are rich in phytochemical compounds which have promising biological activity. Objective: In the present study, a preliminary phytochemical screening was performed to explore the nature of calyces. The total methanolic extract and n-butanol fraction of P. peruviana calyces were investigated in terms of their antimicrobial activity. Methods: Methanol extract and n-butanol fraction were tested for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and Candida albicans using the disc diffusion method. Results: Phytochemical screening showed that calyces are rich in saponins, flavonoids, Steroids and/or triterpenes, Carbohydrates and/or glycosides; while Alkaloids and/or nitrogenous base, tannins, Anthraquinones were absent. The nbutanol fraction showed inhibition zones (16 ± 0.16 mm) for B. subtilis and (10 ± 0.17 mm) for S. aureus, while the methanolic extract showed inhibition zones of (13 ± 0.21 mm) and (8 ± 0.18 mm) for B. subtilis and S. aureus, respectively. On the other hand, no inhibition zones were detected for Gram-negative bacteria or C. albicans Conclusion: The total methanolic extract and n-butanol fraction displayed strong antibacterial activity against B. subtilis than S. aureus, while both of them didn’t show activity against Gram-negative strains or C. albicans
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial activity of Physalis peruviana L. calyces","authors":"Eslam M. Korany, H. Soliman, Maryam Abd El Gawwad, Nora El Naggar, H. Ibrahim","doi":"10.21608/aprh.2021.104236.1144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2021.104236.1144","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) calyces are rich in phytochemical compounds which have promising biological activity. Objective: In the present study, a preliminary phytochemical screening was performed to explore the nature of calyces. The total methanolic extract and n-butanol fraction of P. peruviana calyces were investigated in terms of their antimicrobial activity. Methods: Methanol extract and n-butanol fraction were tested for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and Candida albicans using the disc diffusion method. Results: Phytochemical screening showed that calyces are rich in saponins, flavonoids, Steroids and/or triterpenes, Carbohydrates and/or glycosides; while Alkaloids and/or nitrogenous base, tannins, Anthraquinones were absent. The nbutanol fraction showed inhibition zones (16 ± 0.16 mm) for B. subtilis and (10 ± 0.17 mm) for S. aureus, while the methanolic extract showed inhibition zones of (13 ± 0.21 mm) and (8 ± 0.18 mm) for B. subtilis and S. aureus, respectively. On the other hand, no inhibition zones were detected for Gram-negative bacteria or C. albicans Conclusion: The total methanolic extract and n-butanol fraction displayed strong antibacterial activity against B. subtilis than S. aureus, while both of them didn’t show activity against Gram-negative strains or C. albicans","PeriodicalId":15017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73661550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.21608/aprh.2021.104588.1145
F. Salem, Shima Mahmoud Ali, M. Aboulwafa, Riham M. Shawky
Introduction: A total of 7.3 billion vaccine doses of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been administered globally up to 19 November 2021. Yet, in the paucity of evidence regarding effectiveness and safety among special populations, the concern of undergoing vaccination during gestation and breastfeeding is a matter of considerable regional and global dilemma. However, herd immunity remains the only effective COVID-19 prevention strategy, which entails vaccinating gestational as well as breastfeeding females. Methods: We, therefore, present an up-todate literature review of the most recent evidence and information using multiple research engines, including PubMed and Google Scholar, as well as ClinicalTrials.gov. Objectives: To retrieve concrete proof to aid in making an evidence-based approach towards maternal immunization. Results: The results showed growing evidence of benefit and insufficient proof of harm from several studies that enrolled gestational and lactating females. Studies also reported that gestational and breastfeeding participants mount a fairly similar initial serological response to that encountered in non-pregnant counterparts. Conclusion: It is strongly recommended to keep assessing clinical trials, observational studies, and all possible available findings to broaden our perception regarding vaccination in gestational and lactating females.
{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccination During Gestation and Lactation: Leaps in Comprehension","authors":"F. Salem, Shima Mahmoud Ali, M. Aboulwafa, Riham M. Shawky","doi":"10.21608/aprh.2021.104588.1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2021.104588.1145","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A total of 7.3 billion vaccine doses of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been administered globally up to 19 November 2021. Yet, in the paucity of evidence regarding effectiveness and safety among special populations, the concern of undergoing vaccination during gestation and breastfeeding is a matter of considerable regional and global dilemma. However, herd immunity remains the only effective COVID-19 prevention strategy, which entails vaccinating gestational as well as breastfeeding females. Methods: We, therefore, present an up-todate literature review of the most recent evidence and information using multiple research engines, including PubMed and Google Scholar, as well as ClinicalTrials.gov. Objectives: To retrieve concrete proof to aid in making an evidence-based approach towards maternal immunization. Results: The results showed growing evidence of benefit and insufficient proof of harm from several studies that enrolled gestational and lactating females. Studies also reported that gestational and breastfeeding participants mount a fairly similar initial serological response to that encountered in non-pregnant counterparts. Conclusion: It is strongly recommended to keep assessing clinical trials, observational studies, and all possible available findings to broaden our perception regarding vaccination in gestational and lactating females.","PeriodicalId":15017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88126741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-19DOI: 10.21608/aprh.2021.79803.1134
Zeinab E. Hassan, Mohamed E. Ahmed, H. Sanad, Ahmed Ali
structure plays a role in the physiopathology of COVID-19 disease. In children a high fetal hemoglobin levels leading to a decrease in the mortality rate with COVID-19. Another hypothesis linked between the blood grouping and the risk of developing COVID-19 infection. O group persons have a lower chance for infection. From all the previous studies, many drugs formulated like fetal hemoglobin inducers, Iron chelators, and Lactoferrin represents options for the treatment of COVID-19. The present review is an attempt to describe some hypothesizes related to the Hemoglobin theory. In addition, there is information on several novel treatments for COVID-19 therapy
{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 on Hemoglobin: Theories and recommended Drugs","authors":"Zeinab E. Hassan, Mohamed E. Ahmed, H. Sanad, Ahmed Ali","doi":"10.21608/aprh.2021.79803.1134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2021.79803.1134","url":null,"abstract":"structure plays a role in the physiopathology of COVID-19 disease. In children a high fetal hemoglobin levels leading to a decrease in the mortality rate with COVID-19. Another hypothesis linked between the blood grouping and the risk of developing COVID-19 infection. O group persons have a lower chance for infection. From all the previous studies, many drugs formulated like fetal hemoglobin inducers, Iron chelators, and Lactoferrin represents options for the treatment of COVID-19. The present review is an attempt to describe some hypothesizes related to the Hemoglobin theory. In addition, there is information on several novel treatments for COVID-19 therapy","PeriodicalId":15017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75048804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-19DOI: 10.21608/aprh.2021.92719.1139
Nermine Mohammed, A. Kamal, M. Saleh, E. Haggag
{"title":"HPLC Phenolic Profiling of Alcoholic Extracts of Three Abutilon Species","authors":"Nermine Mohammed, A. Kamal, M. Saleh, E. Haggag","doi":"10.21608/aprh.2021.92719.1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aprh.2021.92719.1139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15017,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Research","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90291043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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