Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0250.2020.9.204
H. Pereira
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between penile morphometrics and erectile function in a sample of healthy Portuguese men. Methods: A sample of 1416 adult men with an average age of 39 years were surveyed and completed the following measures: socio-demographic questionnaire, penile morphometrics evaluation questionnaire, and the Portuguese version of the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5). Results: The average result for penis length was 16.75 cm (SD=2.25) and a circumference of 9.56 cm (SD=2.38). Levels of satisfaction with the morphometrics of the penis were relatively high (7.61 on a scale of 1 to 10, SD=1.87), as well as overall levels of erectile function (4.21 on a scale of 1 to 5; SD=0.61). Results showed a negative association between penis length and erectile function (r=-242; p<0.05), and positive association between the circumference and erectile function (r=0.183; p<0.05); penile length and circumcision was associated with less erectile function. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that penile morphometrics interferes with erectile function and this is an important source of information for professionals working in the male sexual health field.
目的:本研究旨在评估葡萄牙健康男性阴茎形态计量学与勃起功能之间的关系。方法:对1416名平均年龄39岁的成年男性进行调查，完成社会人口学问卷、阴茎形态计量学评价问卷和葡萄牙语版国际勃起功能指数-5 (IIEF-5)。结果:阴茎平均长度为16.75 cm (SD=2.25)，周长为9.56 cm (SD=2.38)。对阴茎形态测量学的满意度水平相对较高(在1到10的范围内为7.61,SD=1.87)，勃起功能的总体水平也相对较高(在1到5的范围内为4.21;SD = 0.61)。结果显示阴茎长度与勃起功能呈负相关(r=-242;P <0.05)，围度与勃起功能呈正相关(r=0.183;p < 0.05);阴茎长度和包皮环切术与勃起功能减退有关。结论:本研究提供了阴茎形态测量干扰勃起功能的证据，这对男性性健康领域的专业人员来说是一个重要的信息来源。
{"title":"Penile Morphometrics and Erectile Function in Healthy Portuguese Men","authors":"H. Pereira","doi":"10.35248/2167-0250.2020.9.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0250.2020.9.204","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between penile morphometrics and erectile function in a sample of healthy Portuguese men. Methods: A sample of 1416 adult men with an average age of 39 years were surveyed and completed the following measures: socio-demographic questionnaire, penile morphometrics evaluation questionnaire, and the Portuguese version of the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5). Results: The average result for penis length was 16.75 cm (SD=2.25) and a circumference of 9.56 cm (SD=2.38). Levels of satisfaction with the morphometrics of the penis were relatively high (7.61 on a scale of 1 to 10, SD=1.87), as well as overall levels of erectile function (4.21 on a scale of 1 to 5; SD=0.61). Results showed a negative association between penis length and erectile function (r=-242; p<0.05), and positive association between the circumference and erectile function (r=0.183; p<0.05); penile length and circumcision was associated with less erectile function. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that penile morphometrics interferes with erectile function and this is an important source of information for professionals working in the male sexual health field.","PeriodicalId":15029,"journal":{"name":"Journal of andrology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69988192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0250.18.7.197
Djordjevic D, Lalic N, Vukovic I, N. D., Perovic D, Kisic Dt, Micic S
Objective: White Blood Cells (WBC) are commonly present in almost every human semen sample, but the clinical significance of leukocytospermia, defined as more than 1 × 106/mL of WBC in seminal plasma, is not elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the leukocytospermia with sperm characteristics and biochemical markers of function of the male accessory glands in infertile men. Methods: One hundred and eighty-five men with fertility problems were investigated. They were composed of two groups, patients without leukocytospermia (n=115) and patients with leukocytospermia (n=70). The infertile men enrolled in the study underwent semen analysis and measurements of fructose, acid-phosphatase, zinc and γ- glutamyltranspeptidase in seminal plasma. Results: The mean age of study participants was 33.97 ± 6.45 years. The analysis of leukocyte concentration in semen has shown that 70 (37.8%) patients had leukocytospermia. Patients with leukocytospermia had significantly decreased sperm count and vitality while other sperm parameters such as seminal volume, progressive motility, morphology of pathological forms and seminal plasma pH were not affected. The levels of acid-phosphatase, fructose and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase were significantly decreased in infertile men with leukocytospermia compared to men without this condition. The levels of seminal zinc did not differ between the two groups of patients. Conclusion: Our results indicate that leukocytospermia has a significant negative effect on the standard semen parameters and biochemical compounds that reflect the function of accessory glands, prostate and seminal vesicles in particular.
{"title":"Sperm Quality and Seminal Biochemical Parameters in Infertile Men with and without Leukocytospermia","authors":"Djordjevic D, Lalic N, Vukovic I, N. D., Perovic D, Kisic Dt, Micic S","doi":"10.35248/2167-0250.18.7.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0250.18.7.197","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: White Blood Cells (WBC) are commonly present in almost every human semen sample, but the clinical significance of leukocytospermia, defined as more than 1 × 106/mL of WBC in seminal plasma, is not elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of the leukocytospermia with sperm characteristics and biochemical markers of function of the male accessory glands in infertile men. Methods: One hundred and eighty-five men with fertility problems were investigated. They were composed of two groups, patients without leukocytospermia (n=115) and patients with leukocytospermia (n=70). The infertile men enrolled in the study underwent semen analysis and measurements of fructose, acid-phosphatase, zinc and γ- glutamyltranspeptidase in seminal plasma. Results: The mean age of study participants was 33.97 ± 6.45 years. The analysis of leukocyte concentration in semen has shown that 70 (37.8%) patients had leukocytospermia. Patients with leukocytospermia had significantly decreased sperm count and vitality while other sperm parameters such as seminal volume, progressive motility, morphology of pathological forms and seminal plasma pH were not affected. The levels of acid-phosphatase, fructose and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase were significantly decreased in infertile men with leukocytospermia compared to men without this condition. The levels of seminal zinc did not differ between the two groups of patients. Conclusion: Our results indicate that leukocytospermia has a significant negative effect on the standard semen parameters and biochemical compounds that reflect the function of accessory glands, prostate and seminal vesicles in particular.","PeriodicalId":15029,"journal":{"name":"Journal of andrology","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69987897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-0250.18.7.198
Newman Az, G. Hussain, Bassam Aa
Seventy samples were collected from male individuals suffering from infertility either primary or secondary, as well as 35 samples were collected from fertile persons served as a control group. Criteria referred to by WHO for semen parameter were applied through-out the course of the study, these criteria includes: Age, volume of the specimen, total sperm count/mL, morphology of sperm, pH of the specimen, liquefaction time, and activity of sperm. The effect of oxygen reactive species was estimated by measuring of the concentration of malondialdihyde. Computerized system (General Sperm Analyzer, motic type) was used to determine semen parameter mentioned above. Seminal plasma of liquefied samples were collected from all samples by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 7 min, plasma were stored frozen (-80°C) utile use. Enzyme Linked Immune-Sorbent Assay technique (Elisa) was used to detect MDA level in seminal plasma.
{"title":"Influence of Semen Parameters and Malondialdehyde on Infertile Males in Iraq","authors":"Newman Az, G. Hussain, Bassam Aa","doi":"10.35248/2167-0250.18.7.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0250.18.7.198","url":null,"abstract":"Seventy samples were collected from male individuals suffering from infertility either primary or secondary, as well as 35 samples were collected from fertile persons served as a control group. Criteria referred to by WHO for semen parameter were applied through-out the course of the study, these criteria includes: Age, volume of the specimen, total sperm count/mL, morphology of sperm, pH of the specimen, liquefaction time, and activity of sperm. The effect of oxygen reactive species was estimated by measuring of the concentration of malondialdihyde. Computerized system (General Sperm Analyzer, motic type) was used to determine semen parameter mentioned above. Seminal plasma of liquefied samples were collected from all samples by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 7 min, plasma were stored frozen (-80°C) utile use. Enzyme Linked Immune-Sorbent Assay technique (Elisa) was used to detect MDA level in seminal plasma.","PeriodicalId":15029,"journal":{"name":"Journal of andrology","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69987939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-30DOI: 10.4172/2167-0250.1000193
A. A. Mohammed, W. Ahmed
Objectives: As very few studies were done on the freezability of pure Egyptian cattle bull sperm. So, we designed this study to evaluate the individual variations in freezability of native bull semen extended in Tris based diluent and sodium citrate-based diluent. Methods: Semen was collected by artificial vagina, examined at once in farm laboratory. Only semen samples fit the minimum parameters are extended in two extenders first the universal one (TRIS) and second modified Sodium citrate extender by adding glycerol (CU-16) which created at Cornell University to evaluate the individual bull variation and interaction between extender and bull. Results: Post-Thawing individual sperm motility, live, abnormal, acrosome integrity percentage was evaluated in addition to Hypo-Osmotic Swelling test (HOS). The highest value for motility, live abnormal and acrosome percentage were 44.00 ± 1.12, 52.25 ± 1.60, 21.25 ± 0.81 and 62.80 ± 2.58 from bull 2, 1, 3 and 2, respectively for semen extended in TRIS, and 42.25 ± 1.61, 52.00 ± 1.76, 22.15 ± 0.85 and 57.40 ± 3.07, from bull 1, 1, 4, 3, respectively for semen extended in CU-16. The results of HOS were 59.25 ± 1.76 and 55.95 ± 2.13 from bull 1 extended in TRIS and CU-16, respectively. Conclusion: A significant variation (p<0.05) in tested parameter was clear when semen extended in TRIS extender with the absence of such variation when semen extended in CU-16 except in live sperm percentage. With ignoring the extender effect a clear significant variations were detected between bulls in all tested parameters.
{"title":"Pure Egyptian Cattle Bulls Show both Individual Variation and Different Interaction with Extender in the Post-Thawing Sperm Parameters","authors":"A. A. Mohammed, W. Ahmed","doi":"10.4172/2167-0250.1000193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0250.1000193","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: As very few studies were done on the freezability of pure Egyptian cattle bull sperm. So, we designed this study to evaluate the individual variations in freezability of native bull semen extended in Tris based diluent and sodium citrate-based diluent. \u0000Methods: Semen was collected by artificial vagina, examined at once in farm laboratory. Only semen samples fit the minimum parameters are extended in two extenders first the universal one (TRIS) and second modified Sodium citrate extender by adding glycerol (CU-16) which created at Cornell University to evaluate the individual bull variation and interaction between extender and bull. \u0000Results: Post-Thawing individual sperm motility, live, abnormal, acrosome integrity percentage was evaluated in addition to Hypo-Osmotic Swelling test (HOS). The highest value for motility, live abnormal and acrosome percentage were 44.00 ± 1.12, 52.25 ± 1.60, 21.25 ± 0.81 and 62.80 ± 2.58 from bull 2, 1, 3 and 2, respectively for semen extended in TRIS, and 42.25 ± 1.61, 52.00 ± 1.76, 22.15 ± 0.85 and 57.40 ± 3.07, from bull 1, 1, 4, 3, respectively for semen extended in CU-16. The results of HOS were 59.25 ± 1.76 and 55.95 ± 2.13 from bull 1 extended in TRIS and CU-16, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: A significant variation (p<0.05) in tested parameter was clear when semen extended in TRIS extender with the absence of such variation when semen extended in CU-16 except in live sperm percentage. With ignoring the extender effect a clear significant variations were detected between bulls in all tested parameters.","PeriodicalId":15029,"journal":{"name":"Journal of andrology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45840881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-09DOI: 10.4172/2167-0250.1000189
M. I. Tambi
Ancient Middle-Eastern medicine described the practise of massaging camel hump fat to revive dysfunctional penis. This practice was long forgotten. A cream containing a Malaysian herb, Eurycoma longifolia, known to increase cellular cGMP and cAMP, was put to a study to evaluate its efficacy strengthening and maintaining penis tumescence. 60 men were recruited.50 men were given active cream and the remaining; bland cream. The study was for two months. Each man was taught to massage the glans penis with the cream, to be done for 5 minutes, twice a day. The men filled up the SHIM and the Erection Hardness Score (EHS). All these were repeated at two weeks, one month, 6 weeks and end of study. All men completed the study, claimed the cream made their penis skin fine.4 men on bland cream and all the 50 men on active cream claimed that they get bigger and firmer erections, scoring higher SHIM Score and Erection Hardness Score. The active cream provided better grade erection and good control of ejaculation. The ancient concept of a penis caring cream to maintain healthy penis function and wellness can be a good way in ensuring healthy penis function.
{"title":"Evaluation of Xgene (R) , a Eurycoma longifolia Extract Enriched Penis CareCream, as a Novel Vehicle in Creating Penis Consciousness and Confidence in Keeping and Maintaining Erection for Penetrative Sex","authors":"M. I. Tambi","doi":"10.4172/2167-0250.1000189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0250.1000189","url":null,"abstract":"Ancient Middle-Eastern medicine described the practise of massaging camel hump fat to revive dysfunctional penis. This practice was long forgotten. A cream containing a Malaysian herb, Eurycoma longifolia, known to increase cellular cGMP and cAMP, was put to a study to evaluate its efficacy strengthening and maintaining penis tumescence. 60 men were recruited.50 men were given active cream and the remaining; bland cream. The study was for two months. Each man was taught to massage the glans penis with the cream, to be done for 5 minutes, twice a day. The men filled up the SHIM and the Erection Hardness Score (EHS). All these were repeated at two weeks, one month, 6 weeks and end of study. All men completed the study, claimed the cream made their penis skin fine.4 men on bland cream and all the 50 men on active cream claimed that they get bigger and firmer erections, scoring higher SHIM Score and Erection Hardness Score. The active cream provided better grade erection and good control of ejaculation. The ancient concept of a penis caring cream to maintain healthy penis function and wellness can be a good way in ensuring healthy penis function.","PeriodicalId":15029,"journal":{"name":"Journal of andrology","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48664686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-07DOI: 10.4172/2167-0250.1000188
D. Nath, M. Shaw
Objective: Caprine (Capra indicus) spermatozoa possess a novel ecto-cAMP independent protein kinase (ecto- CIK) on their membrane surface. This enzyme showed remarkable alteration through the maturation process of spermatozoa in epididymis. We investigated the role of CIK in the regulation of forward motility of epididymal spermatozoa by controlling the intracellular level of [Ca2+]. Method: Cauda epididymal mature sperm cells were treated with CIK antibody and maximum inhibition of enzyme activity (85%) was observed at 120 minutes of exposure. To analyze the calcium uptake mechanisms cells were exposed to 45Ca2+ after treatment with CIK antibody and pretreated with different calcium channel regulators. The intracellular [Ca2+]i signal was determined fluorometrically by using fura 2-AM. The computerized spectrophotometric assay method was used to measure the percentage of forward motility. Result: It was shown that the uptake of calcium through the L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels of the plasma membrane is regulated by CIK. Pretreatment of sperm cells with varapamil (20 μM), nifedipine (20 μM) significantly inhibited the increased intracellular [Ca2+]i induced by the CIK antibody. Whereas calmodulin antagonists trifluoperazine and w13 (N-(4-Aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2 naphthalenesulfonamide hydrochloride and sodium azide, a potent mitochondrial inhibitor, showed no effect on this calcium entry. The treatment with ca ionophore A123187 of the CIK antibody treated cells showed channel inhibitor insensitive increase of calcium uptake. It was observed that verapamil (20 μM) has significant role in decreasing (~50%) forward motility of CIK-antibody treated spermatozoa. Conclusion: We concluded that CIK is an important regulator of forward motility in epididymal spermatozoa and the regulation may be activated partly by the intracellular [Ca2+]i level the extent of which is functionally imparted by the voltage gated L type calcium channel.
{"title":"Ecto-Cyclic AMP Independent Protein Kinase-A Potent Regulator of L-type Calcium Channel and Forward Motility of Goat (Capra indicus) Epididymal Spermatozoa","authors":"D. Nath, M. Shaw","doi":"10.4172/2167-0250.1000188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0250.1000188","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Caprine (Capra indicus) spermatozoa possess a novel ecto-cAMP independent protein kinase (ecto- CIK) on their membrane surface. This enzyme showed remarkable alteration through the maturation process of spermatozoa in epididymis. We investigated the role of CIK in the regulation of forward motility of epididymal spermatozoa by controlling the intracellular level of [Ca2+]. \u0000Method: Cauda epididymal mature sperm cells were treated with CIK antibody and maximum inhibition of enzyme activity (85%) was observed at 120 minutes of exposure. To analyze the calcium uptake mechanisms cells were exposed to 45Ca2+ after treatment with CIK antibody and pretreated with different calcium channel regulators. The intracellular [Ca2+]i signal was determined fluorometrically by using fura 2-AM. The computerized spectrophotometric assay method was used to measure the percentage of forward motility. \u0000Result: It was shown that the uptake of calcium through the L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels of the plasma membrane is regulated by CIK. Pretreatment of sperm cells with varapamil (20 μM), nifedipine (20 μM) significantly inhibited the increased intracellular [Ca2+]i induced by the CIK antibody. Whereas calmodulin antagonists trifluoperazine and w13 (N-(4-Aminobutyl)-5-chloro-2 naphthalenesulfonamide hydrochloride and sodium azide, a potent mitochondrial inhibitor, showed no effect on this calcium entry. The treatment with ca ionophore A123187 of the CIK antibody treated cells showed channel inhibitor insensitive increase of calcium uptake. It was observed that verapamil (20 μM) has significant role in decreasing (~50%) forward motility of CIK-antibody treated spermatozoa. \u0000Conclusion: We concluded that CIK is an important regulator of forward motility in epididymal spermatozoa and the regulation may be activated partly by the intracellular [Ca2+]i level the extent of which is functionally imparted by the voltage gated L type calcium channel.","PeriodicalId":15029,"journal":{"name":"Journal of andrology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48664142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-07DOI: 10.4172/2167-0250.1000182
Teijeiro Juan Manuel, Munuce María José, Caille Adriana María, Zumoffen Carlos, M. Estela
Innovative methods to select sperm subpopulations with the best fertilizing ability are needed in assisted reproductive techniques (ART) in order to improve fertilization and pregnancy rates, while also considering possible epigenetic effects on the offspring. Molecular based selection methods are searched for, under the premise that they could be an improvement over classical selection by morphology and movement. One of these methods sustains the elimination of sperm that can bind to annexin A5 (ANX V), coupled to paramagnetic beads, through the phosphatidyl-serine exposed on their membranes upon apoptosis. Although reports accumulate about the use of this method, controversy persists as to the benefits of ANX V based sperm selection in ART. In this review we consider the arguments in favour and against this method and conclude that to the moment the evidence does not support MACS regular use in ART.
{"title":"Use of Annexin V based Sperm Selection in Assisted Reproduction","authors":"Teijeiro Juan Manuel, Munuce María José, Caille Adriana María, Zumoffen Carlos, M. Estela","doi":"10.4172/2167-0250.1000182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0250.1000182","url":null,"abstract":"Innovative methods to select sperm subpopulations with the best fertilizing ability are needed in assisted \u0000reproductive techniques (ART) in order to improve fertilization and pregnancy rates, while also considering possible \u0000epigenetic effects on the offspring. Molecular based selection methods are searched for, under the premise that they \u0000could be an improvement over classical selection by morphology and movement. One of these methods sustains the \u0000elimination of sperm that can bind to annexin A5 (ANX V), coupled to paramagnetic beads, through the \u0000phosphatidyl-serine exposed on their membranes upon apoptosis. Although reports accumulate about the use of this method, controversy persists as to the benefits of ANX V based sperm selection in ART. In this review we consider the arguments in favour and against this method and conclude that to the moment the evidence does not support MACS regular use in ART.","PeriodicalId":15029,"journal":{"name":"Journal of andrology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2167-0250.1000182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47811873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The success of male reproduction requires the production of a large number of spermatozoa by a unique process known as spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis is carried out in close association with the Sertoli cells, the only somatic cells of the seminiferous epithelium which are responsible for providing structural, nutritional and endocrine support to the developing germ cells. The seminiferous epithelium of the testes is a rapid proliferation tissue, where the germinal cells, through a large number of mitotic and meiotic divisions prior to their differentiation culminate with the structural and functional formation of spermatozoa. The number of germ cells that Sertoli cells can sustain is maintained by apoptosis, which fulfills the elimination of germ cells with genetic errors, damage to DNA or excess cell production. Apoptosis can also be activated by external factors such as stress, causing alterations in spermatogenesis and testicular involution, which compromises fertility. However, death in testicular cells is not attributed only to apoptosis, as cells use different mechanisms to activate their self-elimination, such as anoikis and autophagy. All of these mechanisms are discussed.
{"title":"Stress and Cell Death in Testicular Cells","authors":"Juárez-Rojas, Lizbeth, Casillas Fahiel, Retana-Márquez Socorro","doi":"10.4172/2167-0250.1000183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0250.1000183","url":null,"abstract":"The success of male reproduction requires the production of a large number of spermatozoa by a unique process known as spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis is carried out in close association with the Sertoli cells, the only somatic cells of the seminiferous epithelium which are responsible for providing structural, nutritional and endocrine support to the developing germ cells. The seminiferous epithelium of the testes is a rapid proliferation tissue, where the germinal cells, through a large number of mitotic and meiotic divisions prior to their differentiation culminate with the structural and functional formation of spermatozoa. The number of germ cells that Sertoli cells can sustain is maintained by apoptosis, which fulfills the elimination of germ cells with genetic errors, damage to DNA or excess cell production. Apoptosis can also be activated by external factors such as stress, causing alterations in spermatogenesis and testicular involution, which compromises fertility. However, death in testicular cells is not attributed only to apoptosis, as cells use different mechanisms to activate their self-elimination, such as anoikis and autophagy. All of these mechanisms are discussed.","PeriodicalId":15029,"journal":{"name":"Journal of andrology","volume":"20 23","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2167-0250.1000183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41266661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-29DOI: 10.4172/2167-0250.1000E114
R. D. Blackledge
{"title":"Centers of Excellence","authors":"R. D. Blackledge","doi":"10.4172/2167-0250.1000E114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0250.1000E114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15029,"journal":{"name":"Journal of andrology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47577952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-06DOI: 10.4172/2167-0250.1000181
M. Silvaggi, P. Michetti, R. Rossi, A. Fabrizi, C. Leonardo, F. Tripodi, F. Nimbi, C. Simonelli
The role of personality traits in sexual complaints and dysfunctions is ever more evident. However, the literature is very scarce as to the possible relationships between such personality traits and specific sexual dysfunctions like ED, PE or both, their subtypes as to time of onset and severity levels. The main aim of the present study was to investigate if Neuroticism and Extraversion have different roles and trends in men suffering from PE and/or ED, both lifelong and acquired. Moreover, we verified if, by adopting DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5 criteria for diagnosing PE, some differences emerged in percentages of diagnosed cases. The sample consisted of 222 patients aged 18-70. The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-15) was used to assess erectile function, and the Premature Ejaculation Severity Index (PESI) was used to assess the severity of PE dysfunction. Neuroticism and Extraversion were measured with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R). In our results, Neuroticism and Extraversion were dependent on the kind of sexual dysfunction and its severity. These results suggest that type, time of onset and severity of sexual dysfunctions should be considered as related to specific personality characteristics and vice versa.
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