S. Nsangou, Charifa Ngbetnkom Mandou, Carine Matsingang Fondjou, Vigny Sayal Ngohoba, Edie Brice Enang II, Ibrahim Njingou, E. Njoya, F. N. Njayou, P. M. Fewou
{"title":"Codiaeum Variegatum Hydro Alcoholic Leaf Extracts and Their Fractions Inhibit Pro-Inflammatory Mediators <i>in Vitro</i>","authors":"S. Nsangou, Charifa Ngbetnkom Mandou, Carine Matsingang Fondjou, Vigny Sayal Ngohoba, Edie Brice Enang II, Ibrahim Njingou, E. Njoya, F. N. Njayou, P. M. Fewou","doi":"10.4236/jbm.2023.115004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2023.115004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences and Medicines","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80156267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Jahan-mihan, K. Schwarz, Leila Ninya, Tatyana Kimble
The current Western diet contains high amounts of salt and fat. High salt and fat diets are known to have negative impacts on food intake (FI), body weight (BW), body composition (BC), glucose metabolism, and blood pressure. These factors have been studied as separate entities, but the main and interactive effects of dietary salt and fat received little study. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of sodium and fat content of the diet on FI, BW, and BC in male Wistar rats. Male Wistar Rats (n = 48) were allocated into 4 groups (n = 12) and received the following diets: 1. Normal sodium normal fat, 2. Normal sodium high fat, 3. High sodium normal fat, and 4. High sodium high-fat diet for 12 weeks. BW and FI were measured weekly. BC and organs’ weight were recorded post-termination. Regardless of sodium content, a greater FI was observed in normal-fat diet groups compared with high-fat diet groups. However, higher BW and fat (%) were observed in high-fat diet groups. Fasting blood glucose was higher in rats fed normal fat diets compared with those fed high-fat diets. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was lower in rats fed either high fat, high salt, or normal fat, normal salt diet. In conclusion, fat but not salt content in the diet is a determining factor in the regulation of FI and body weight. Moreover, glucose metabolism can be influenced by both the fat and salt content of the diet.
{"title":"The Main and Interactive Effects of Fat and Salt Contents of the Diet on Characteristics of Metabolic Syndrome in Male Wistar Rats","authors":"A. Jahan-mihan, K. Schwarz, Leila Ninya, Tatyana Kimble","doi":"10.4236/jbm.2023.116016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2023.116016","url":null,"abstract":"The current Western diet contains high amounts of salt and fat. High salt and fat diets are known to have negative impacts on food intake (FI), body weight (BW), body composition (BC), glucose metabolism, and blood pressure. These factors have been studied as separate entities, but the main and interactive effects of dietary salt and fat received little study. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of sodium and fat content of the diet on FI, BW, and BC in male Wistar rats. Male Wistar Rats (n = 48) were allocated into 4 groups (n = 12) and received the following diets: 1. Normal sodium normal fat, 2. Normal sodium high fat, 3. High sodium normal fat, and 4. High sodium high-fat diet for 12 weeks. BW and FI were measured weekly. BC and organs’ weight were recorded post-termination. Regardless of sodium content, a greater FI was observed in normal-fat diet groups compared with high-fat diet groups. However, higher BW and fat (%) were observed in high-fat diet groups. Fasting blood glucose was higher in rats fed normal fat diets compared with those fed high-fat diets. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was lower in rats fed either high fat, high salt, or normal fat, normal salt diet. In conclusion, fat but not salt content in the diet is a determining factor in the regulation of FI and body weight. Moreover, glucose metabolism can be influenced by both the fat and salt content of the diet.","PeriodicalId":15067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences and Medicines","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88579287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thiéry Ndong Mba, C. Obiang, H. Kenguele, A. B. Pambo-Pambo, Iris Kévin Ivala Zogo Mba, Ulrich Lowens Onkassa Sah, Louis Clément Obame Engonga, C. Bisseye, P. Mickala
{"title":"Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Associated Factors among Patients Admitted to the Amissa Bongo University Hospital Center in Franceville, Gabon","authors":"Thiéry Ndong Mba, C. Obiang, H. Kenguele, A. B. Pambo-Pambo, Iris Kévin Ivala Zogo Mba, Ulrich Lowens Onkassa Sah, Louis Clément Obame Engonga, C. Bisseye, P. Mickala","doi":"10.4236/jbm.2023.117014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2023.117014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences and Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88661265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 365-Day Record of Maternal Admissions in Intensive Care Unit at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital in Nigeria","authors":"J. Otokwala, O. John","doi":"10.4236/jbm.2023.114021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2023.114021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences and Medicines","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85251945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4236/jbm.2023.1110010
Pranali M. Wandile
Enrolling in clinical trials could be time-sensitive and time-demanding tasks for the research site, especially if it is a private research organization compared to the research conducted at an academic or medical center. Every study differs in various aspects, such as phases, study indication, eligibility criteria, etc. In terms of meeting the enrollment deadline, typically, the study indication and availability of the patient’s population at the geographical area of the research site would decide if the trial could be time-consuming. Patient recruitment and retention are critical for the success of every clinical trial; however, worldwide, this area is facing tremendous pressure and challenges. Globally 55% of clinical trials terminated due to low recruitment, with an average enrollment success rate of 40% for Phase III and IV trials. Over 80% of clinical trial attempts fail to enroll, extending the study and adding new study sites. In the United States, more than 80% of clinical trials fail to achieve targeted patient enrollment, and 30% of study participants discontinue participation. This article reviewed various factors hindering clinical trial recruitment and retention and suggested strategies to make the research site successful.
{"title":"Patient Recruitment in Clinical Trials: Areas of Challenges and Success, a Practical Aspect at the Private Research Site","authors":"Pranali M. Wandile","doi":"10.4236/jbm.2023.1110010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2023.1110010","url":null,"abstract":"Enrolling in clinical trials could be time-sensitive and time-demanding tasks for the research site, especially if it is a private research organization compared to the research conducted at an academic or medical center. Every study differs in various aspects, such as phases, study indication, eligibility criteria, etc. In terms of meeting the enrollment deadline, typically, the study indication and availability of the patient’s population at the geographical area of the research site would decide if the trial could be time-consuming. Patient recruitment and retention are critical for the success of every clinical trial; however, worldwide, this area is facing tremendous pressure and challenges. Globally 55% of clinical trials terminated due to low recruitment, with an average enrollment success rate of 40% for Phase III and IV trials. Over 80% of clinical trial attempts fail to enroll, extending the study and adding new study sites. In the United States, more than 80% of clinical trials fail to achieve targeted patient enrollment, and 30% of study participants discontinue participation. This article reviewed various factors hindering clinical trial recruitment and retention and suggested strategies to make the research site successful.","PeriodicalId":15067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences and Medicines","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135007028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Nzingula, Junior Disashi, J. Mulwahali, P. Kabututu, Paola Biakas, J. Masumu
{"title":"Identification of <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium</i> 16S rRNA Gene in Breast Milk of Some Healthy Women in Kinshasa (DR Congo)","authors":"O. Nzingula, Junior Disashi, J. Mulwahali, P. Kabututu, Paola Biakas, J. Masumu","doi":"10.4236/jbm.2023.112022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2023.112022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences and Medicines","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88600001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashraf Duzan, M. Basti, Travis Cesarone, W. Debinski, Daniel Todd
{"title":"Exploring Chemovar-Specific Cannabis Extracts Quantification and Evaluation of Cytotoxic Compounds for Targeting Glioblastoma Multiforme","authors":"Ashraf Duzan, M. Basti, Travis Cesarone, W. Debinski, Daniel Todd","doi":"10.4236/jbm.2023.118015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2023.118015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences and Medicines","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88791573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chisha Jones Simuyemba, Patricia Katowa-Mukwato Patricia, K. Chitundu, Michael Mumba Kanyanta
{"title":"Information Needs and Self-Care Practices of Diabetic Patients in Mbala, Northern Province, Zambia","authors":"Chisha Jones Simuyemba, Patricia Katowa-Mukwato Patricia, K. Chitundu, Michael Mumba Kanyanta","doi":"10.4236/jbm.2023.113014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2023.113014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences and Medicines","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86843883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical Observation of Hemodynamic and Cerebral Protective Effects of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury","authors":"Jiacai Dong, Lei Liu, Jingwei Liu, Yan-bo Peng","doi":"10.4236/jbm.2023.112010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2023.112010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences and Medicines","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90912658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joelle Akissi Koffi, H. Ahiboh, Philémond By, D. Gabillard, Affi Roseline, Francisk Kouakou, Inwoley André
{"title":"Iron Status of a People Living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa Using a Multi-Criteria Approach Based on the Determination of Blood Ferritin, sTfR, CRP and sTfR-F Index","authors":"Joelle Akissi Koffi, H. Ahiboh, Philémond By, D. Gabillard, Affi Roseline, Francisk Kouakou, Inwoley André","doi":"10.4236/jbm.2023.115017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2023.115017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosciences and Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83741258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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