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Image Classification On Garutan Batik Using Convolutional Neural Network with Data Augmentation 基于卷积神经网络的印染图像分类
Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.30595/juita.v11i1.16166
Leli Fitriani, D. Tresnawati, Muhammad Bagja Sukriyansah
In Indonesia, Batik is one of the cultural assets in the field of textiles with various styles. There are many types of batik in Indonesia, one of which is Batik Garutan. Batik Garutan has different motifs that show the characteristics of Batik Garutan itself. Therefore, to distinguish the features of Batik Garutan from another batik, a system is needed to classify the types of batik patterns. Classification of batik patterns can be done using image classification. In image classification, there are methods to increase the size and quality of the limited training dataset by performing data augmentation. This study aims to obtain an image classification model by applying data augmentation. The image classification process is carried out using the Deep Learning method with the Convolutional Neural Network algorithm, which is expected to be helpful as a reference for research and can be applied to software development related to image classification. This study generated models from several experiments with different epoch parameters and dataset proportions. A system obtained the investigation with the best performance with a data proportion of 9:1, resulting in an accuracy value of 91 percent.
在印度尼西亚,蜡染是纺织品领域的文化资产之一,风格各异。印尼的蜡染有很多种,其中一种是蜡染Garutan。蜡染轮轮有不同的图案,显示了蜡染轮轮本身的特点。因此,要区分蜡染Garutan与其他蜡染的特征,就需要一个系统对蜡染图案的类型进行分类。蜡染图案的分类可以用图像分类来完成。在图像分类中,有一些方法可以通过执行数据增强来增加有限训练数据集的大小和质量。本研究旨在通过数据增强获得图像分类模型。图像分类过程采用深度学习方法结合卷积神经网络算法进行,期望对研究有所帮助,并可应用于图像分类相关的软件开发。本研究从几个不同历元参数和数据集比例的实验中生成模型。该系统以9:1的数据比例获得了性能最佳的调查结果,准确度值为91%。
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引用次数: 0
Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis for Indonesian Tourist Attraction Reviews Using Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory 利用双向长短期记忆对印尼旅游景点评论进行基于方面的情感分析
Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.30595/juita.v11i1.15341
Dwi Intan Af’idah, P. Anggraeni, Muhammad Rizki, Aji Setiawan, Sharfina Febbi Handayani
The tourism sector in Indonesia experienced growth and made a positive contribution to the national economy, but this growth has yet to reach its target. Therefore, the government of Indonesia has implemented a sustainable tourism development program by establishing ten priority tourism destinations. Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) towards tourist attraction reviews can assist the government in developing potential goals. The ABSA process compares with two deep learning models (LSTM and Bi-LSTM), which are considered to obtain good performance in text analysis. The shortcomings of previous ABSA research should have examined the performance of the aspect classification and sentiment classification models sequentially. This makes the performance obtained from the ABSA task invalid. Thus, this study is conducted to determine the version of the aspect classification model and the sentiment classification model individually and simultaneously. This study aims to develop an aspect-based tourist attraction sentiment analysis as an intelligent system solution for sustainable tourism development by applying the binary relevance mechanism and the best deep learning model from LSTM or Bi-LSTM. The test results showed that Bi-LSTM was superior in aspect and sentiment classification individually and simultaneously. Likewise, the aspect classification and sentiment classification test results sequentially Bi-LSTM outperformed that of LSTM. The average accuracy and f1 score of Bi-LSTM are 92.22% and 71,06%. Meanwhile, LSTM obtained 90,63% of average precision and 70,4% of f1 score.
印尼旅游业经历了增长,并为国民经济做出了积极贡献,但这一增长尚未达到目标。因此,印尼政府实施了一项可持续旅游业发展计划,确定了十个重点旅游目的地。针对旅游景点评论的基于方面的情感分析(ABSA)可以帮助政府制定潜在目标。ABSA 流程与两种深度学习模型(LSTM 和 Bi-LSTM)进行了比较,这两种模型被认为在文本分析中具有良好的性能。以往 ABSA 研究的不足之处在于应依次检查方面分类和情感分类模型的性能。这使得从 ABSA 任务中获得的性能无效。因此,本研究将单独并同时确定方面分类模型和情感分类模型的版本。本研究旨在通过应用二元相关性机制和 LSTM 或 Bi-LSTM 中的最佳深度学习模型,开发一种基于方面的旅游景点情感分析方法,作为旅游业可持续发展的智能系统解决方案。测试结果表明,Bi-LSTM 在单独和同时进行方面分类和情感分类方面都更胜一筹。同样,在方面分类和情感分类测试结果中,Bi-LSTM 的表现也优于 LSTM。Bi-LSTM 的平均准确率和 f1 分数分别为 92.22% 和 71.06%。而 LSTM 的平均精确度为 90.63%,f1 得分为 70.4%。
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引用次数: 0
A Smart Greenhouse Production System Utilizes an IoT Technology 智能温室生产系统利用物联网技术
Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.30595/juita.v11i1.16191
C. Huda, B. Etikasari, P. S. D. Puspitasari
Food is an essential need for every living creature. Choosing the wrong food leads to serious problems e.g. indigestion, obesity, diabetes mellitus, stroke, including heart disease that causes death. To prevent those diseases from harming the body, people should be concerned about food consumption, for example by consuming organic food. Organic food is obtained by cultivating plants in a greenhouse to increase production, minimize risk, prevent disease, and be safer against environmental risk. However, some obstacles faced by farmers such as disease or pests, water supply, temperature, and so on.  Based on some previous research, the problem is dominated by soil moisture since the farmer has to water all plants manually. It has affected crop yields directly. If this phenomenon is not handled properly, farmers are threatened with losses so organic farming becomes a catastrophe. Therefore, in this research, an IoT technology is proposed to increase soil moisture in real time. The proposed system is also equipped with a Web-based information system to expose the cultivation phase, and market crops, as well as a tool for buyers as interaction media through the feedback provided. In the end, the proposed system is adequate to increase the productivity of vegetable cultivation grown in a greenhouse. Based on some experiments that have been done, the proposed method is capable to work optimally and effectively meet user needs by 95.55%.
食物是每一个生物的基本需求。选择错误的食物会导致严重的问题,例如消化不良、肥胖、糖尿病、中风,包括导致死亡的心脏病。为了防止这些疾病伤害身体,人们应该关注食物的消费,例如食用有机食品。有机食品是通过在温室中种植植物来增加产量、降低风险、预防疾病,并更安全地应对环境风险。然而,农民面临的一些障碍如病虫害、供水、温度等。根据以前的一些研究,由于农民必须手动给所有的植物浇水,所以问题主要是由土壤湿度决定的。它直接影响了农作物产量。如果不妥善处理这一现象,农民将受到损失的威胁,因此有机农业将成为一场灾难。因此,本研究提出了一种实时增加土壤湿度的物联网技术。拟议的系统还配备了一个基于网络的信息系统,以展示种植阶段和市场作物,并为买家提供了一个工具,通过所提供的反馈作为互动媒体。最后,所提出的系统足以提高温室蔬菜种植的生产力。实验结果表明,该方法的优化效率为95.55%,有效满足用户需求。
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引用次数: 0
NS-SVM: Bolstering Chicken Egg Harvesting Prediction with Normalization and Standardization NS-SVM:支持归一化和标准化的鸡蛋收获预测
Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.30595/juita.v11i1.15140
Aji Gautama Putrada, Nur Alamsyah, Muhamad Nurkamal Fauzan, Syafrial Fachri Pane
Breeding chickens and chicken eggs are poignant, and recent studies have applied computer science to optimize this field, including chicken egg harvesting prediction. However, existing research does not emphasize the importance of data transformation to obtain optimum chicken egg harvesting prediction. This paper proposes the normalization and standardization-bolstered support vector machine (NS-SVM) method, namely normalization, and standardization, to improve the prediction of chicken egg harvest using SVM. First, we obtain the chicken egg dataset from Africa using Kaggle. The problem and solution become urgent, whereas chicken egg production can ease businesspeople to invest in chicken eggs. We adopt the normalization and standardization method from previous research. However, the notation is to differentiate the method from legacy SVM. The dataset has up to 13 features. Then we apply standard pre- processing such as label encoding and random oversampling. We also review the dataset feature using the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC). We use two SVM kernels: radial basis function (RBF) and the 2nd-degree polynomial. Then we again apply the same model but by applying normalization and standardization. We use cross- validation with 𝑲 = 𝟏𝟎 to measure the Accuracy of the compared models. The results show that normalization and standardization positively affect the prediction model of the two SVM kernels. The model with the highest performance is NS-SVM with a 2nd-degree kernel, namely 𝑨𝒄𝒄𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒚 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟗𝟔. At the same time, the model with the lowest performance is SVM with RBF, namely𝑨𝒄𝒄𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒚 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟖𝟔. In addition, the results of ROC AUC analysis show that the performance of our model on the imbalanced dataset with a moderate degree is 𝑨𝑼𝑪 = 𝟎.𝟗𝟐𝟕 to 𝟎.𝟗𝟗𝟑.
饲养鸡和鸡蛋是令人痛苦的,最近的研究已经应用计算机科学来优化这一领域,包括鸡蛋收获预测。然而,现有的研究并没有强调数据转换对于获得最佳的鸡蛋收获预测的重要性。本文提出了一种归一化和标准化增强支持向量机(NS-SVM)方法,即归一化和标准化,以改进支持向量机对鸡蛋收获的预测。首先,我们使用Kaggle获得来自非洲的鸡蛋数据集。问题和解决方案变得紧迫,而鸡蛋生产可以让商人更容易投资鸡蛋。我们采用了前人研究的归一化和标准化方法。然而,符号是区别于传统支持向量机的方法。该数据集有多达13个特征。然后采用标准的预处理方法,如标签编码和随机过采样。我们还使用Pearson相关系数(PCC)对数据集特征进行了审查。我们使用两个支持向量机核:径向基函数(RBF)和二次多项式。然后我们再次应用相同的模型,但通过应用规范化和标准化。我们使用𝑲= 的交叉验证来衡量比较模型的准确性。结果表明,归一化和标准化对两种支持向量机核的预测模型有正向影响。性能最好的模型是具有二度核的NS-SVM,即𝑨𝒖 𝒚= 。𝟗𝟗𝟔。同时,性能最低的模型为支持向量机与RBF,即𝑨𝒖 𝒚= 。𝟗𝟖𝟔。此外,ROC AUC分析结果表明,我们的模型在中等程度的不平衡数据集上的性能为𝑨𝑼𝑪=𝟗𝟕到𝟗𝟗。
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引用次数: 2
Information System Strategic Planning at Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ternate Agama Islam Negeri Ternate研究所信息系统战略规划
Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.30595/juita.v11i1.15506
S. Sudarman, Asmarani Pratama Y. Hadad, Abdallah M. H. Abbas
Institut Agama Islam Ternate (IAIN) is one of the universities that run business processes in terms of educational services. IAIN Ternate has implemented information systems and information technology (IS/IT) to support its business processes. However, the implementation of IS/IT has not been equipped with strategic planning, so all forms of procurement, development, and maintenance of IS/IT are only available upon request and are not yet aligned with the organization's strategic plan. This research was conducted to design organizational needs into an IS/IT strategic plan at IAIN Ternate using the Ward and Peppard Framework. This research was conducted using interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) with the leaders and staff of the units at IAIN Ternate. The tools used for the analysis of the organization's internal environment are SWOT and value chain; for the analysis of the organization's external environment, PESTLE and McFarlan Grid are used to map the application portfolio. Based on the results of the study, IAIN Ternate has utilized IS and IT. To achieve the vision, mission, and objectives of IAIN Ternate, it is recommended that IS/IT become a priority for development. The IT Strategic Plan consists of an IS strategy, an IT strategy, and an IS/IT management strategy.
Agama Islam Ternate学院(IAIN)是在教育服务方面运行业务流程的大学之一。IAIN Ternate已经实施了信息系统和信息技术(IS/IT)来支持其业务流程。然而,IS/IT的实施还没有配备战略规划,因此所有形式的采购、开发和维护IS/IT只能根据要求提供,尚未与组织的战略计划保持一致。本研究在IAIN Ternate使用Ward和Peppard框架将组织需求设计成IS/IT战略计划。这项研究是通过与IAIN Ternate各单位的领导和工作人员进行访谈和焦点小组讨论(FGD)进行的。用于分析组织内部环境的工具是SWOT和价值链;对于组织外部环境的分析,使用PESTLE和McFarlan网格来映射应用程序组合。根据研究结果,IAIN Ternate已经利用了IS和IT。为了实现IAIN Ternate的愿景、使命和目标,建议将信息系统/信息技术作为发展的优先事项。IT战略计划包括一个IS战略、一个IT战略和一个IS/IT管理战略。
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引用次数: 0
The Automatic Classification System for Academic Performance Evaluation at the Faculty of Information Technology Atma Jaya University of Makassar 望加锡Atma Jaya大学信息技术学院学业成绩评估自动分类系统
Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.30595/juita.v11i1.14116
Erick Alfons Lisangan, Dwi Marisa Midyanti, Chairul Mukmin, Astrid Lestari Tungadi
Abstract - The Faculty of Information Technology currently carries out performance evaluations at the end of each semester and involves students as sources of data evaluation. The evaluation activity took place online on the website ss.fti.uajm.ac.id. With the number of active students, the number of evaluations that need to be read and the number read by faculty stakeholders also increases. This is inversely proportional to the time that stakeholders need time to read, evaluate, and categorize comments entered by students as part of the performance evaluation. In this study, a multi-classification of student comments related to evaluations at the Faculty of Information Technology UAJM will be carried out. Text pre-processing will use the Sastrawi library which includes stopword removal, stemming, and transformation of text into TFIDF form. The results of the pre-processing text will be used as input on Naive Bayes and using three scenarios to evaluate the classifier model. The average accuracy values of the Naive Bayes algorithm for category and sentiment labels are 79% and 81%, respectively. Furthermore, the expected result of this research is to reduce the time for FTI UAJM stakeholders to read and comment/suggest faster because the evaluation results are obtained in real-time.
摘要-信息技术学院目前在每学期结束时进行绩效评估,并将学生作为数据评估的来源。评估活动在s.fti.uajm.ac.id网站上进行。随着活跃学生人数的增加,需要阅读的评估数量和教员利益相关者阅读的评估数量也会增加。这与利益相关者需要阅读、评估和分类学生作为绩效评估的一部分输入的评论的时间成反比。本研究将对澳门大学资讯科技学院的学生评核意见进行多重分类。文本预处理将使用savastri库,其中包括停止词删除、词干提取和文本转换为TFIDF形式。预处理文本的结果将被用作朴素贝叶斯的输入,并使用三种场景来评估分类器模型。朴素贝叶斯算法对类别和情感标签的平均准确率分别为79%和81%。此外,本研究的预期结果是减少FTI UAJM利益相关者阅读和评论/建议的时间,因为评估结果是实时获得的。
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引用次数: 0
Resampling Technique for Imbalanced Class Handling on Educational Dataset 教育数据集不平衡类处理的重采样技术
Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.30595/juita.v11i1.15498
Anief Fauzan Rozi, Adi Wibowo, B. Warsito
Educational data mining is an emerging field in data mining. The need for accurate in identifying student accomplishment on a course or maybe an upcoming course can help the institution to build technology-aided education better. Educational data mining becoming a more important field to be studied because of its potential to produce a knowledge base model to help even the teacher or lecturer. Like another classification task, educational data mining has a common and frequently discovered problem. The problem that occurred in educational data mining specifically and classification tasks generally is an imbalanced class problem. An imbalanced class is a condition where the distribution of each class is not in the same proportion. In this research, it is found that the class distribution is severely imbalanced and it is a multiclass dataset that consists of more than two class labels. According to the problem stated beforehand, this paper will focus on the imbalanced class handling and classification with several methods on both of it such as Linear Regression, Random Forest and Stacking for classification and SMOTE, ADASYN, and SMOTE-ENN for the resampling algorithm. The methods are being evaluated using a 10-fold cross-validation and an 80-20 splitting ratio. The result shows that the best performance coming from the Stacking classification on ADASYN resampled dataset evaluated using an 80-20 splitting ratio with a 0.97 F1 score. The result of this study also shows that the resampling technique improves classification performance. Even though the no-resampling classification result produced a decent result too, it can be caused by several things such as the general pattern of the data for each class is already been good from the start. Thus, there is no real drawbacks if the original data is processed.
教育数据挖掘是数据挖掘中的一个新兴领域。需要准确地识别学生在课程或即将到来的课程中的成就,可以帮助机构更好地建立技术辅助教育。教育数据挖掘成为一个更重要的研究领域,因为它有可能产生一个知识库模型,甚至可以帮助教师或讲师。与其他分类任务一样,教育数据挖掘也存在一个常见且经常被发现的问题。在教育数据挖掘和分类任务中普遍存在的问题是一个不平衡类问题。不平衡的班级是指每个班级的分配比例不一致的情况。在本研究中,我们发现类分布严重不平衡,它是一个由两个以上的类标签组成的多类数据集。针对上述问题,本文将重点研究不平衡类的处理和分类,并采用几种方法进行分类,如线性回归、随机森林和堆叠,重采样算法采用SMOTE、ADASYN和SMOTE- enn。采用10倍交叉验证和80-20分割比对方法进行评价。结果表明,在ADASYN重采样数据集上,使用80-20的分割比评估堆叠分类的最佳性能,F1得分为0.97。研究结果还表明,重采样技术提高了分类性能。即使不重新采样的分类结果也产生了不错的结果,但它可能是由几个因素造成的,比如每个类的数据的一般模式从一开始就已经很好了。因此,如果对原始数据进行处理,就不会有真正的缺点。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Bicluster Analysis Results in Capture Fisheries Using the BCBimax Algorithm 基于BCBimax算法的捕捞渔业双聚类分析结果评价
Pub Date : 2023-05-06 DOI: 10.30595/juita.v11i1.15457
Cynthia Wulandari, I. Sumertajaya, M. Aidi
Biclustering is a simultaneous clustering technique by finding sub-matrixes that have the same similarity between rows and columns. One of the biclustering algorithms that is relatively fast and can be used as a reference for the comparison of several algorithms is the BCBimax algorithm. The BCBimax algorithm works by finding a sub-matrix containing element 1 of the formed binary data matrix. The selection of thresholds in the binarization process and the minimum combination of rows and columns are essential in finding the optimal bicluster. Capture fisheries have an important role in supporting sustainable growth in Indonesia, so information on the potential of fish species that have similarities in several provinces is needed in optimally mapping the potential. The BCBimax algorithm found 11 optimal biclusters in grouping capture fisheries data. The median of each variable is used as a threshold in the binarization process, and the minimum combination of row 2 and maximum column 2 is chosen to find the optimal bicluster result. The optimal average value of Mean Square Residual bicluster obtained is 0.405403 with the similarity of bicluster results (Liu and Wang index) which is different for each bicluster combination produced. All the bicluster results grouped the provinces and types of fish that had the same potential simultaneously.
双聚类是一种同时聚类技术,通过寻找行和列之间具有相同相似性的子矩阵。BCBimax算法是比较快的一种双聚类算法,可以作为几种算法比较的参考。BCBimax算法的工作原理是找到包含所形成的二进制数据矩阵的元素1的子矩阵。二值化过程中阈值的选择以及行和列的最小组合对于找到最佳双聚类至关重要。捕捞渔业在支持印度尼西亚的可持续增长方面发挥着重要作用,因此需要关于几个省份具有相似性的鱼类品种潜力的信息,以最佳方式绘制潜力图。BCBimax算法在捕捞渔业数据分组中找到了11个最优双聚类。在二值化过程中,使用每个变量的中位数作为阈值,选择第2行和第2列的最小组合来找到最优的双聚类结果。得到的均方残差双聚类的最优平均值为0.405403,双聚类结果的相似度(Liu and Wang指数)对产生的每个双聚类组合有所不同。所有双聚类结果将同时具有相同潜力的省份和鱼类类型分组。
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引用次数: 0
DDoS Attacks Detection Method Using Feature Importance and Support Vector Machine 基于特征重要性和支持向量机的DDoS攻击检测方法
Pub Date : 2022-11-14 DOI: 10.30595/juita.v10i2.14939
A. Sanmorino, R. Gustriansyah, Juhaini Alie
In this study, the author wants to prove the combination of feature importance and support vector machine relevant to detecting distributed denial-of-service attacks. A distributed denial-of-service attack is a very dangerous type of attack because it causes enormous losses to the victim server. The study begins with determining network traffic features, followed by collecting datasets. The author uses 1000 randomly selected network traffic datasets for the purposes of feature selection and modeling. In the next stage, feature importance is used to select relevant features as modeling inputs based on support vector machine algorithms. The modeling results were evaluated using a confusion matrix table. Based on the evaluation using the confusion matrix, the score for the recall is 93 percent, precision is 95 percent, and accuracy is 92 percent. The author also compares the proposed method to several other methods. The comparison results show the performance of the proposed method is at a fairly good level in detecting distributed denial-of-service attacks. We realized this result was influenced by many factors, so further studies are needed in the future.
在本研究中,作者想要证明特征重要性和支持向量机的结合与检测分布式拒绝服务攻击相关。分布式拒绝服务攻击是一种非常危险的攻击类型,因为它会给受害服务器造成巨大的损失。研究从确定网络流量特征开始,然后收集数据集。作者使用1000个随机选择的网络流量数据集进行特征选择和建模。下一阶段,基于支持向量机算法,利用特征重要性选择相关特征作为建模输入。使用混淆矩阵表对建模结果进行评估。基于使用混淆矩阵的评估,召回率为93%,准确率为95%,准确率为92%。作者还将所提出的方法与其他几种方法进行了比较。对比结果表明,该方法在检测分布式拒绝服务攻击方面具有较好的性能。我们意识到这一结果受许多因素的影响,因此需要在未来进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Factor in User Intention to Use the Covid-19 Tracking Application 影响用户使用Covid-19跟踪应用程序意愿的因素分析
Pub Date : 2022-11-14 DOI: 10.30595/juita.v10i2.14360
Retno Waluyo, T. Hariguna, Agung Purwo Wicaksono
Science and technology can be collaborated to create an application that can help to track the contacts of COVID-19 patients. Smartphone-based contact tracing applications have been adopted by more than 50 countries. One of which is in Indonesia. In March 2020, Indonesia launched a mobile application to track the contact of COVID-19 patients namely PeduliLindungi.  During its usage, users find some issues about PeduliLindungi, such as potential data leaks, data misuse, and data inaccuracies. This research is aimed to develop a conceptual model to analyze factors that affect user intentions in using the PeduliLindungi application. The proposed conceptual model is the integration of EUCS, DeLone and McLean that is equipped by the system security variables. There were 288 respondents. The data is processed using SmartPLS 3.0. According to the results of the analysis, the proposed conceptual model has 83.1 percent for its accuracy. User satisfaction and system security give a positive and significant impact on user intentions.  The variables of content, accuracy, format, ease of use, and timeliness give a positive and significant impact on user satisfaction. On the other hand, the system security has no positive and significant impact on user satisfaction. Meanwhile, user satisfaction and system security itself affects the user's intentions in using the PeduliLindungi application.
科学和技术可以协作创建一个应用程序,帮助跟踪COVID-19患者的接触者。基于智能手机的接触者追踪应用程序已被50多个国家采用。其中一个在印度尼西亚。2020年3月,印度尼西亚推出了一款追踪COVID-19患者接触情况的移动应用程序,即PeduliLindungi。在使用PeduliLindungi的过程中,用户发现了一些关于PeduliLindungi的问题,例如潜在的数据泄漏、数据误用和数据不准确。本研究旨在建立一个概念模型,分析影响PeduliLindungi应用程序使用意图的因素。提出的概念模型是EUCS、DeLone和McLean的集成,并配备了系统安全变量。共有288名受访者。数据处理采用SmartPLS 3.0。根据分析结果,所提出的概念模型的准确率为83.1%。用户满意度和系统安全性对用户意向有显著的正向影响。内容、准确性、格式、易用性和时效性等变量对用户满意度有显著的正向影响。另一方面,系统安全性对用户满意度没有显著的正向影响。同时,用户满意度和系统安全性本身也会影响用户使用PeduliLindungi应用程序的意图。
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引用次数: 0
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JUITA : Jurnal Informatika
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