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A study on the bıoactıvıty of plant extracts obtaıned from Arum maculatum leaves by dıfferent extractıon technıques dıfferent extractıon technıques提取黄斑魔芋叶中植物提取物obtaıned的研究
Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.31895/hcptbn.16.1-2.6
N. Comlekcioglu, Sevilay Çolak, A. Aygan
Arum maculatum is a highly known plant worldwide for traditional use. The aim of this study is to evaluate the bioactivity of the plant extractobtained using different techniques and solutions. Total fenolic, flavonoid components and antioxidant, antimicrobial and enzyme inhibition activityof the plant extracts (Boiling in water, fermenting in water and USB in methanol) were investigated. Additionally, oil components of the extractswas analysed in GC-MS. As a result of the GC-MS analysis, 18 different fatty acid were determined. Major fatty acid components of extracts werepalmitic acid (19.57%), oleic acid (15.25%), linoleic acid (21.84%) and alpha-linolenic acid (15.95%). The plant extracts were also found to beconsisting of omega 3-6-9 fatty acid. The results showed that methanolic extracts in USB is produced better and more effective findings than theother extracts. According to the antimicrobial activity experiments, E. coli and S. aureus were the only strains inhibited by the all extracts obtainedthree different methods. The highest inhibition was recorded against Bacillus subtilis with USB methanol extracts. The only antifungal activitywas observed against C. albicans with extracts obtained by boiling in water. Enzyme inhibition activity was very limited with all extracts. Amylaseactivity was slightly inhibited (14.1%) up to 30 min.
黄斑魔芋是一种享誉世界的传统药用植物。本研究的目的是评价采用不同工艺和溶液提取的植物提取物的生物活性。考察了三种植物提取物(水煮、水发酵和甲醇发酵)的总酚、类黄酮成分及抗氧化、抑菌和酶抑制活性。此外,采用气相色谱-质谱分析了提取物的油成分。通过GC-MS分析,确定了18种不同的脂肪酸。主要脂肪酸成分为棕榈酸(19.57%)、油酸(15.25%)、亚油酸(21.84%)和α -亚麻酸(15.95%)。植物提取物也被发现含有- 3-6-9脂肪酸。结果表明,乙醇提取物比其他提取物更有效。抑菌活性实验表明,三种不同提取方法对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均有抑制作用。甲醇提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑制作用最高。对白色念珠菌的抑菌活性仅观察到水煮提取物的抑菌活性。所有提取物的酶抑制活性都非常有限。淀粉酶活性轻微抑制(14.1%)至30min。
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引用次数: 2
Opstati ili umrijeti – regulacija stanične smrti
Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.31895/hcptbn.16.1-2.2
M. Miletić, Teuta Murati, A. Slavica, Ivana Kmetič
Stanično umiranje je temeljni biološki proces, koji je u fiziološkom smislu embrionalnoga razvoja i obnove tkiva, te kao patološki odgovor na ozljedustanica i infekciju patogenima, uključen u mehanizme koji kontroliraju razvoj, homeostazu i imunološku regulaciju višestaničnih organizama.Stanice mogu umrijeti slučajnom (biološki nekontrolirani procesi) ili reguliranom (genetski kontrolirani molekularni procesi) staničnom smrću.Stanična smrt odvija se različitim mehanizmima koji dovode do pojave različitih morfoloških promjena u stanicama zahvaćenim tim procesima.Nedavna otkrića u tom području i detekcija sve većeg broja novih oblika regulirane stanične smrti, rezultirala su novom sustavnom klasifikacijomi nomenklaturom različitih tipova stanične smrti. U ovom preglednom radu dan je uvid u sustav klasifikacije, mehanizme i obilježja glavnih tipovastanične smrti: nekroze, apoptoze i autofagije.
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引用次数: 0
The assesement of bioactive potential and sensory acceptability of coffee and its byproducts- cascara and silverskin 咖啡及其副产品-卡斯卡拉和银皮的生物活性潜力和感官可接受性的评价
Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.31895/hcptbn.16.1-2.5
A. Mandura, Evan Cazalens, D. Komes, Aleksandra Vojvodić Cebin, Robert Pudić, Danijela Šeremet, Marion Natucci Pasquino
Through the decades, coffee has been representing one of the most consumed beverages worldwide and consequently, during the coffee cherryprocessing, significant amount of coffee byproducts is generating, thus ending as an agro- industrial waste. Besides macro and micronutrientcontent, coffee cascara and coffee silverskin are coffee by-products which can have valuable bioactive potential. For that purpose, ethanol extractsand water infusions (beverages) of green coffee, roasted coffee, coffee cascara and coffee silverskin were analysed for total phenolic content,antioxidant capacity and individual identification of polyphenolic compounds by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis paired withPhoto-Diode Array detector (HPLC- PDA), with further sensory analysis of beverages. Results showed that beverages were generally evaluated withthe higher bioactive potential than ethanol extracts, while roasted coffee beverages exhibited the highest content of TPC and antioxidant capacityin comparison to the ethanol extract. Among all samples, green coffee beverage was evaluated as the most valuable source of 5-caffeoylquinicacid (36.7 mg/g dw), while coffee cascara (9.2 mg/g dw) contained the highest content of caffeine. Although roasted beverage expectedly scored asthe highest acceptable (6.2), silverskin and cascara were evaluated with relatively satisfactory results of the overall acceptability (4.6- 5.2), thusshowing the potential for the improvement in terms of preparation and, furthermore, greater consumer acceptance.
几十年来,咖啡一直是世界上消费最多的饮料之一,因此,在咖啡樱桃加工过程中,产生了大量的咖啡副产品,最终成为农业工业废物。咖啡果渣和咖啡银皮是咖啡副产品,除宏微量营养素外,还具有宝贵的生物活性潜力。为此,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC- PDA)对生咖啡、烘焙咖啡、咖啡果壳和咖啡银皮的乙醇提取物和水浸液(饮料)进行了总酚含量、抗氧化能力和多酚化合物的个体鉴定,并对饮料进行了进一步的感官分析。结果表明,与乙醇提取物相比,饮料具有更高的生物活性潜力,而烘焙咖啡饮料的TPC含量和抗氧化能力均高于乙醇提取物。在所有样品中,绿咖啡饮料被评估为最有价值的5-咖啡因酰奎宁酸来源(36.7 mg/g dw),而咖啡卡斯卡拉(9.2 mg/g dw)含有最高的咖啡因含量。虽然烘焙饮料预期得分最高(6.2),但银皮和卡斯卡拉的总体可接受性(4.6- 5.2)的评估结果相对令人满意,因此在制备方面显示出改进的潜力,而且消费者接受度更高。
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引用次数: 2
Quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) fortified with vegetable biomaterials based breakfast cereal 优质蛋白玉米(Zea mays L.)与蔬菜生物材料强化早餐麦片
Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.31895/hcptbn.16.1-2.8
Abiodun Victor Ikujenlola, Foyinsade Omorinola Onireti
The aim of this study was to determine the functional properties and sensory characteristics of flour blends and flaked ready-to-eat breakfast cerealsproduced from quality protein maize, cowpea and garden egg. The flour blends and flaked breakfast cereal were analysed for functional propertiesand sensory characteristics respectively using standard methods. The results showed that loose and packed bulk density (0.41-0.38 g/ml; 0.63-0.71g/ml), reconstitution index (75.67-59.68) reduced with the increase in garden egg proportion, while the swelling (1.29-2.99 g/g), water absorption(132.00-263.33%) and oil absorption (95.67-133.00 g/ml) capacities increased with garden egg and temperature increase. The trough (1.21 to5.00 RVU) and final viscosity (1.79 to 11.59 RVU) increased with increase levels of garden egg to the blends. The mean scores for taste (6.07-4.07)and aftertaste (6.60-2.87) by the panelists showed a decline with increase in the level of garden egg addition when the flaked breakfast cereal wasserved alone. The mean scores for texture ranged from 7.67-4.87, 6.73-5.46 and 6.87-5.33 for breakfast cereal served alone, served with waterand consumed with milk respectively. The overall acceptability of the ready-to-eat breakfast cereal from cowpea and maize alone ranked best ofall the blends and compared favourably with the commercial sample. Meanwhile, sample containing cowpea and maize compared favourably withcommercial sample in all the parameters assessed. The study concluded that addition of cowpea and garden egg improved some selected functionalproperties. Ready-to-eat breakfast cereal of good acceptability to the panelists was produced from the selected biomaterials. This will also promotethe utilization of cowpea and garden egg thereby ensuring food security.
本研究的目的是确定由优质蛋白玉米、豇豆和花园鸡蛋制成的面粉混合物和片状即食早餐麦片的功能特性和感官特性。采用标准方法对面粉和片状早餐麦片的功能特性和感官特性进行了分析。结果表明:松散堆积的容重(0.41 ~ 0.38 g/ml;0.63 ~ 0.71g/ml),重组指数(75.67 ~ 59.68)随园蛋添加量的增加而降低,溶胀量(1.29 ~ 2.99 g/g)、吸水量(132.00 ~ 263.33%)和吸油量(95.67 ~ 133.00 g/ml)随园蛋添加量和温度的升高而增加。随着园蛋添加量的增加,谷值(1.21 ~ 5.00 RVU)和终粘度(1.79 ~ 11.59 RVU)均有所增加。小组成员对味道(6.07-4.07)和回味(6.60-2.87)的平均得分表明,当单独食用片状早餐麦片时,随着花园鸡蛋添加水平的增加,味道(6.07-4.07)和回味(6.60-2.87)的平均得分有所下降。早餐麦片单独食用、与水一起食用和与牛奶一起食用的平均质地得分分别为7.67-4.87、6.73-5.46和6.87-5.33。在所有混合物中,仅由豇豆和玉米制成的即食早餐麦片的总体可接受性排名最高,与商业样品相比更具优势。同时,含豇豆和玉米样品的各项指标均优于商品样品。研究表明,豇豆和园蛋的添加改善了一些选择的功能特性。由选定的生物材料制成的即食早餐麦片对小组成员具有良好的可接受性。这也将促进豇豆和园蛋的利用,从而确保粮食安全。
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引用次数: 1
Optimization of processing parameters on the proximate properties of maize and soybean extrudates 加工参数优化对玉米和大豆挤出物近似性能的影响
Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.31895/hcptbn.16.1-2.9
Adefemiwa Ayobami Adekunle, Samuel Olusegun Awonorin, Olajide Philip Sobukola, Olawale Usman Dairo, Oladipupo Olaosebikan Ogunleye
Maize (TZSR-W-1 NARZO-20) and soybean (TGX1448) flours were used for the development of extruded products. The flour formulations weremaize (46-52%), soybean (21-32%), and moisture content (16-26%). Central Composite Design (CCD) in Response Surface Methodology consistingfive factors (maize to soybean-water weight ratio -X1, soybean to water weight ratio -X2, barrel temperature (120, 160 and 200oC) -X3, die diameter(6, 8 and 10mm) -X4 and screw speed (120, 160 and 200rpm) -X5 at three levels was used to determine the optimum process condition for theproximate properties of the extruded products. The process parameters significantly influenced the dependent variables at p<0.05. The coefficientsof regression (R2) for the response equations ranged between 0.967 and 0.999 which is an indication that the variables were adequately fitted tothe regression equation and could predict the proximate values of the extrudates. The optimum process condition at desirability index of 1 were X1(0.99), X2 (1.10), X3 (190oC), X4 (124rpm) and X5 (10mm).
采用玉米(TZSR-W-1 NARZO-20)粉和大豆(TGX1448)粉进行挤压制品的研制。面粉配方为玉米(46-52%)、大豆(21-32%)和水分(16-26%)。采用响应面法中的中心复合设计(CCD),对玉米-大豆-水重量比-X1、大豆-水重量比-X2、料桶温度(120、160和200℃)-X3、模具直径(6、8和10mm) -X4和螺杆转速(120、160和200转/分)-X5等5个因素进行优化,确定挤压制品近似性能的最佳工艺条件。工艺参数对因变量影响显著(p<0.05)。响应方程的回归系数(R2)在0.967 ~ 0.999之间,表明变量与回归方程拟合较好,可以预测挤出物的近似值。最佳工艺条件为X1(0.99)、X2(1.10)、X3 (190oC)、X4 (124rpm)和X5 (10mm)。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of honey quality in the context of physico-chemical and microbiological data in Bosnia and Herzegovina 波黑蜂蜜质量的理化和微生物学测定
Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.31895/hcptbn.16.1-2.10
V. Landeka, H. Kurtagić, Jovica Pažin, E. Sarić
The aim of this study was to examine the correlation of the obtained results and the overall quality of honey by testing some physico-chemical andmicrobiological parameters of honey quality. The quality of honey is determined by it’s organoleptic, biological, physicochemical and microbiologicalproperties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between physico-chemical properties and microbiological properties and forthe purpose of determining honey quality.Samples were submitted by honey producers in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) in 2018. A total of 14 samples of various categories of honeyfrom different geographical areas of B&H were taken for testing. Microbiological analysis was performed for recommended microorganisms:aerobic mesophilic bacteria, bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae, sulfite-reducing clostridia and yeasts and molds from the guidelinesfor microbiological criteria for food in B&H (FSA B&H 2013), which is adapted to EU regulations. Of the total number of samples examined,all complied with the regulations. In 50% of the examined honeys, the presence of predominant microorganisms within the permissible deviationwas recorded. The presence of yeasts and molds was found in 35% of honey samples at a concentration of 10 to 100 cfu/g, while the presence ofaerobic mesophilic bacteria was recorded in 15% of the sample over a concentration of 100 cfu/g and in them 15% at a concentration of 10 to 100cfu/g, Enterobacteriaceae and sulfito-reducing clostridia were not isolated and counted. From the physico-chemical parameters, the following wereexamined: the content of reducing sugars, sucrose and total sugars, electrical conductivity, the content of mineral substances, the content of freeacids and the content of moisture (dry matter). All physico-chemical parameters are in accordance with the required quality of the Rulebook onhoney quality (Official Gazette of B&H, 37/09).Given the very diverse complexity of honey composition, it is very difficult to say the actual source of microbiological activity of the honey samplestested in this study. Considering that the parameters of possible antimicrobial activity have not been examined and considering the obtained results,it is not possible to say with certainty whether and which of the tested physicochemical parameters affects the total microbiological activity of honey.The microbiological presence in the samples indicates the necessity of production, handling and storage of honey, according to the rules of goodhygienic practice.
本研究的目的是通过测试蜂蜜质量的一些理化和微生物参数来检验所得结果与蜂蜜整体质量的相关性。蜂蜜的品质是由它的感官、生物学、理化和微生物特性决定的。本研究的目的是评价蜂蜜的理化性质与微生物性质之间的关系,以确定蜂蜜的品质。2018年,波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那(B&H)的蜂蜜生产商提交了样品。从B&H不同地理区域共抽取了14个不同种类的蜂蜜样本进行检测。对推荐的微生物进行了微生物学分析:好氧嗜酸性细菌、肠杆菌科细菌、亚硫酸盐还原梭菌、酵母和霉菌,这些微生物来自B&H食品微生物学标准指南(FSA B&H 2013),该指南已适应欧盟法规。在检验的样本总数中,全部符合规定。在50%的检测蜂蜜中,在允许偏差范围内记录了优势微生物的存在。在浓度为10 ~ 100cfu/g的蜂蜜样品中,35%的样品中存在酵母和霉菌,而在浓度为100cfu/g的样品中,15%的样品中存在好氧嗜酸性细菌,在浓度为10 ~ 100cfu/g的样品中,15%的样品中没有分离和计数肠杆菌科和亚硫酸盐还原梭菌。从理化参数上考察:还原糖、蔗糖、总糖含量、电导率、矿物质含量、游离酸含量、水分(干物质)含量。所有理化参数均符合蜂蜜质量规则手册(B&H官方公报,37/09)所要求的质量。鉴于蜂蜜成分非常多样化的复杂性,很难说本研究中测试的蜂蜜样品的微生物活性的实际来源。考虑到可能的抗菌活性参数尚未被检查,考虑到所获得的结果,不可能肯定地说测试的物理化学参数是否以及哪一个影响蜂蜜的总微生物活性。样品中微生物的存在表明有必要根据良好卫生规范的规定生产、处理和储存蜂蜜。
{"title":"Determination of honey quality in the context of physico-chemical and microbiological data in Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"V. Landeka, H. Kurtagić, Jovica Pažin, E. Sarić","doi":"10.31895/hcptbn.16.1-2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31895/hcptbn.16.1-2.10","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to examine the correlation of the obtained results and the overall quality of honey by testing some physico-chemical and\u0000microbiological parameters of honey quality. The quality of honey is determined by it’s organoleptic, biological, physicochemical and microbiological\u0000properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between physico-chemical properties and microbiological properties and for\u0000the purpose of determining honey quality.\u0000Samples were submitted by honey producers in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) in 2018. A total of 14 samples of various categories of honey\u0000from different geographical areas of B&H were taken for testing. Microbiological analysis was performed for recommended microorganisms:\u0000aerobic mesophilic bacteria, bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae, sulfite-reducing clostridia and yeasts and molds from the guidelines\u0000for microbiological criteria for food in B&H (FSA B&H 2013), which is adapted to EU regulations. Of the total number of samples examined,\u0000all complied with the regulations. In 50% of the examined honeys, the presence of predominant microorganisms within the permissible deviation\u0000was recorded. The presence of yeasts and molds was found in 35% of honey samples at a concentration of 10 to 100 cfu/g, while the presence of\u0000aerobic mesophilic bacteria was recorded in 15% of the sample over a concentration of 100 cfu/g and in them 15% at a concentration of 10 to 100\u0000cfu/g, Enterobacteriaceae and sulfito-reducing clostridia were not isolated and counted. From the physico-chemical parameters, the following were\u0000examined: the content of reducing sugars, sucrose and total sugars, electrical conductivity, the content of mineral substances, the content of free\u0000acids and the content of moisture (dry matter). All physico-chemical parameters are in accordance with the required quality of the Rulebook on\u0000honey quality (Official Gazette of B&H, 37/09).\u0000Given the very diverse complexity of honey composition, it is very difficult to say the actual source of microbiological activity of the honey samples\u0000tested in this study. Considering that the parameters of possible antimicrobial activity have not been examined and considering the obtained results,\u0000it is not possible to say with certainty whether and which of the tested physicochemical parameters affects the total microbiological activity of honey.\u0000The microbiological presence in the samples indicates the necessity of production, handling and storage of honey, according to the rules of good\u0000hygienic practice.","PeriodicalId":151907,"journal":{"name":"Hrvatski časopis za prehrambenu tehnologiju, biotehnologiju i nutricionizam","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132521667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Combining hand grip strength with nutritional screening tools in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease 老年慢性肾病患者握力与营养筛查工具的结合
Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.31895/hcptbn.16.1-2.7
Anja Vukomanović, I. Vrdoljak, Ines Panjkota Krbavčić, Tea Vrdoljak Margeta, Martina Bituh
Malnutrition in vulnerable patient populations must be rapidly detected using techniques that are easy to incorporate into everyday clinical practice.The new recommendations defined the 7-point Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) as optimal for nutritional assessment in chronic kidney disease(CKD), while Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) demands additional examination in elderly. This study aimed to determine the accuracy ofseveral concise tools used in the clinical practice and the correlation of this tools with functional method hand grip strength (HGS) in elderly patientswith CKD. In this cross-sectional study, anthropometric and functional data for 50 elderly hemodialysis patients were analyzed using numeroussurvey-based tools for screening nutritional status (Malnutrition Screening Tool – MST, Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 - NRS2002, MalnutritionUniversal Screening Tool - MUST, Mini Nutritional Assessment - MNA, GNRI), which we compared to the standard 7-point SGA nutritionalassessment tool. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of these tools for detecting malnutrition were compared with the standard by using receiveroperating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. 7-point SGA classified 36.6% of participants as well nourished, and 63.4% as mildly to moderatelymalnourished, while the simplest alternative methods showed lower accuracy, classifying much higher proportions of participants as well nourished(MST, 92.0%; NRS2002, 80.4%). MNA had the highest accuracy based on receiver operating characteristic curves. HGS correlated moderately with7-point SGA (r = 0.331), MNA (r = 0.410), and GNRI (r = 0.320). Our small study suggests that MNA is the best tool for malnutrition risk screeningin elderly with CKD. Combining HGS with concise tools, such as GNRI, may provide better results and unburden healthcare professionals.
必须使用易于纳入日常临床实践的技术,迅速发现弱势患者群体中的营养不良。新的建议将7分主观整体评估(SGA)定义为慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)营养评估的最佳方法,而老年营养风险指数(GNRI)则需要在老年人中进行额外的检查。本研究旨在确定临床实践中使用的几种简明工具的准确性,以及这些工具与老年CKD患者功能性握力(HGS)的相关性。在这项横断面研究中,使用多种基于调查的营养状况筛查工具(营养不良筛查工具- MST,营养风险筛查2002 - NRS2002,营养不良通用筛查工具- MUST,迷你营养评估- MNA, GNRI)对50名老年血液透析患者的人体测量和功能数据进行了分析,并将其与标准的7点SGA营养评估工具进行了比较。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析,比较这些工具检测营养不良的敏感性、特异性和准确性。7点SGA将36.6%的参与者划分为营养良好,63.4%的参与者划分为轻度至中度营养不良,而最简单的替代方法准确率较低,将参与者划分为营养良好的比例要高得多(MST, 92.0%;NRS2002, 80.4%)。基于接收机工作特性曲线的MNA精度最高。HGS与7点SGA (r = 0.331)、MNA (r = 0.410)、GNRI (r = 0.320)呈正相关。我们的小型研究表明,MNA是老年CKD患者营养不良风险筛查的最佳工具。将HGS与GNRI等简明工具相结合,可以提供更好的结果并减轻医疗保健专业人员的负担。
{"title":"Combining hand grip strength with nutritional screening tools in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease","authors":"Anja Vukomanović, I. Vrdoljak, Ines Panjkota Krbavčić, Tea Vrdoljak Margeta, Martina Bituh","doi":"10.31895/hcptbn.16.1-2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31895/hcptbn.16.1-2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Malnutrition in vulnerable patient populations must be rapidly detected using techniques that are easy to incorporate into everyday clinical practice.\u0000The new recommendations defined the 7-point Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) as optimal for nutritional assessment in chronic kidney disease\u0000(CKD), while Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) demands additional examination in elderly. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of\u0000several concise tools used in the clinical practice and the correlation of this tools with functional method hand grip strength (HGS) in elderly patients\u0000with CKD. In this cross-sectional study, anthropometric and functional data for 50 elderly hemodialysis patients were analyzed using numerous\u0000survey-based tools for screening nutritional status (Malnutrition Screening Tool – MST, Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 - NRS2002, Malnutrition\u0000Universal Screening Tool - MUST, Mini Nutritional Assessment - MNA, GNRI), which we compared to the standard 7-point SGA nutritional\u0000assessment tool. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of these tools for detecting malnutrition were compared with the standard by using receiver\u0000operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. 7-point SGA classified 36.6% of participants as well nourished, and 63.4% as mildly to moderately\u0000malnourished, while the simplest alternative methods showed lower accuracy, classifying much higher proportions of participants as well nourished\u0000(MST, 92.0%; NRS2002, 80.4%). MNA had the highest accuracy based on receiver operating characteristic curves. HGS correlated moderately with\u00007-point SGA (r = 0.331), MNA (r = 0.410), and GNRI (r = 0.320). Our small study suggests that MNA is the best tool for malnutrition risk screening\u0000in elderly with CKD. Combining HGS with concise tools, such as GNRI, may provide better results and unburden healthcare professionals.","PeriodicalId":151907,"journal":{"name":"Hrvatski časopis za prehrambenu tehnologiju, biotehnologiju i nutricionizam","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132355490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of ambient storage condition on the nutritional quality of selected freeze dried instant Nigerian soups 环境贮存条件对尼日利亚速食速冻汤营养品质的影响
Pub Date : 2020-12-20 DOI: 10.31895/hcptbn.15.3-4.2
A. Raji, R. Akinoso
Traditional soups are culturally acceptable soups that are rich in nutrients, but conventional preservation methods such as reheating afteruse and frozen storage diminish their nutrient qualities. Freeze dryingis a dehydration method which has a great ability to retain food nutrients, but there is scanty of scientific data on its application to Nigerian soups preservation. Soups (Ila, Ewedu, Ogbono and Kuka) were prepared using standard recipes, freeze-dried, packaged in polyvinylchloride and stored at ambient condition for 8 weeks. Moisture,protein, fat, crude fibre, ash, carbohydrate, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus and vitamins were determined at 14 days interval using standard methods. Data were analysed using ANOVA at p = 0.05. Moisture, protein, fat, crude fibre, ash and carbohydrate contents of the soups ranged from 6.33-7.57%, 25.93-43.86 %, 7.19-43.86 %, 13.52-17.16 %, 8.45-10.80 % and 0.65-27.97 % respectively. Iron, calcium, sodium, potassium and phosphorus varied from 9.26-13.47 mg/100g, 73.57-245.23 mg/100g, 150.78-281.72 mg/100g, 209.22-352.07 mg/100g and 286.18-363.52 mg/100g respectively. The predominant vitamins(mg/100g) were A (66.69-137.49), B (22.73-88.74) and E (64.20-207.23). Freeze-drying reduced soups moisture contents by 90.0-90.8 %, thus increased the concentrations of other constituents. The nutrients quality of the freeze dried soups was well maintained for a storage period of two months, but cannot be further guaranteed due to slight decrease in their fat contents which indicates an increase in lipid oxidation.
传统的汤是文化上可以接受的富含营养的汤,但传统的保存方法,如使用后重新加热和冷冻储存,会降低它们的营养品质。冷冻干燥是一种脱水方法,具有很好的保留食物营养成分的能力,但在尼日利亚汤品保存中的应用科学资料很少。汤(Ila, Ewedu, Ogbono和Kuka)使用标准配方制备,冷冻干燥,用聚氯乙烯包装并在常温下保存8周。采用标准方法每隔14天测定水分、蛋白质、脂肪、粗纤维、灰分、碳水化合物、铁、钙、钠、钾、磷和维生素。数据分析采用方差分析,p = 0.05。汤的水分、蛋白质、脂肪、粗纤维、灰分和碳水化合物含量分别为6.33 ~ 7.57%、25.93 ~ 43.86%、7.19 ~ 43.86%、13.52 ~ 17.16%、8.45 ~ 10.80%和0.65 ~ 27.97%。铁、钙、钠、钾、磷分别为9.26 ~ 13.47 mg/100g、73.57 ~ 245.23 mg/100g、150.78 ~ 281.72 mg/100g、209.22 ~ 352.07 mg/100g和286.18 ~ 363.52 mg/100g。主要维生素为A(66.69 ~ 137.49)、B(22.73 ~ 88.74)和E(64.20 ~ 207.23)。冷冻干燥使汤的水分含量降低了90.0- 90.8%,从而增加了其他成分的浓度。冻干汤的营养质量在两个月的储藏期内保持良好,但由于其脂肪含量略有下降,表明脂质氧化增加,因此无法进一步保证。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of accelerated solvent extraction conditions on the isolation of bioactive compounds from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) seeds 加速溶剂提取条件对茴香种子中生物活性物质分离的影响
Pub Date : 2020-12-20 DOI: 10.31895/hcptbn.15.3-4.7
M. Repajić, Sara Ekić, V. Kruk, V. Uzelac
This study focused to establish the optimal conditions of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), i.e., temperature, static extraction time and number of extraction cycles, for the isolation of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) seeds phenols and pigments using 96% ethanol as an extraction solvent. Hence, extraction conditions of temperature (80 and 110 °C), static extraction time (5 and 10 min) and number of extraction cycle (1, 2, 3 and 4) were varied. Obtained extracts were spectrophotometrically analyzed for the content of total phenols (TP), total chlorophylls (TCHL) and total carotenoids (TCAR). Applied extraction conditions had a significant (p<0.01) influence on the yields of analyzed compounds, except for static extraction time on TCAR (p=0.11). Based on the results of statistical analysis, the highest levels of TP and TCHL were achieved at the most invasive conditions (110°C/10 min/4 cycles), while shorter period was sufficient to reach the highest TCAR yield (110 °C/5 min/3 cycles). In summary, ASE demonstratedto be effective extraction technique for the isolation of fennel seeds hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive compounds.
本研究以96%乙醇为提取溶剂,确定加速溶剂提取(ASE)的最佳条件,即温度、静态提取时间和提取循环次数,以分离茴香(Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)种子中的酚类和色素。因此,提取温度(80°C和110°C)、静态提取时间(5和10 min)和提取循环次数(1、2、3和4)的条件是不同的。采用分光光度法测定提取液中总酚(TP)、总叶绿素(TCHL)和总类胡萝卜素(TCAR)的含量。除TCAR静态提取时间外,不同提取条件对化合物得率的影响均显著(p<0.01)。统计分析结果显示,TP和TCHL在侵入性最强的条件下达到最高水平(110°C/10 min/4 cycles),而较短的时间足以达到最高的TCAR产率(110°C/ 5 min/3 cycles)。综上所述,ASE是分离茴香种子亲水性和亲脂性生物活性物质的有效提取技术。
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引用次数: 4
Effect of selected starter cultures on production, properties and shelf life of fresh type cheese 选定发酵剂对新鲜奶酪生产、性能及保质期的影响
Pub Date : 2020-12-20 DOI: 10.31895/hcptbn.15.3-4.4
Irena Barukčić, Marta Keškić, Katarina Lisak Jakopović, S. Karlović, R. Božanić
The aim of this study was to examine the influence of different starter cultures including protective culture on the production and properties of fresh cheese. Fresh cheeses were produced from pasteurized milk by adding mesophilic starter cultures, mesophilic cultures and liquid rennet and by adding protective culture. All samples were analysed for acidity (active and titratable), microbiological quality, texture, colour and sensory properties during 21 days of cold storage. Additionally, milk fat, the total dry matter, total proteins and mineralcontent were determined in all cheese samples on the first day of storage. It could be observed that the used mesophilic culture in general did not affect chemical composition of cheese. As expected, during the storage period acidity in all cheeses decreased, while the number of microorganisms increased, whereby that changes were significantly slowed down in cheese produced by adding protective culture. Scores of sensory evaluation were high during the entire storage period for all cheeses, but samples containing and cheese protective cultures achieved the highest score (18.56) at the first as well as at the last day of storage (17.98). According to all analyses, it is evident that the shelf life of cheese produced by adding protective culture has been prolonged for 12 days in comparison to samples produced without protective culture, and accounted 21 days when properly cool stored. In conclusion, the addition of protective culture might be useful for extending the shelf life and maintaining sensory properties as well as colour of fresh cheese.
本研究的目的是研究不同发酵剂对新鲜奶酪生产和性能的影响,包括保护性发酵剂。在巴氏奶中加入嗜温发酵剂、嗜温发酵剂和液体凝乳酶,并加入保护性培养物,生产新鲜奶酪。在21天的冷藏期间,分析了所有样品的酸度(活性和可滴定)、微生物质量、质地、颜色和感官特性。此外,在贮藏第一天测定了所有奶酪样品的乳脂、总干物质、总蛋白质和矿物质含量。可以观察到,使用的中温培养基一般不影响奶酪的化学成分。正如预期的那样,在储存期间,所有奶酪的酸度都下降了,而微生物的数量增加了,因此在添加保护性培养物的奶酪中,这种变化明显减慢了。在整个贮藏期内,所有奶酪的感官评价分数都很高,但含有和奶酪保护培养物的样品在贮藏第一天和最后一天的得分最高(18.56分)(17.98分)。根据所有分析,很明显,添加保护性培养物生产的奶酪的保质期比不添加保护性培养物生产的样品延长了12天,在适当冷却保存时延长了21天。综上所述,添加保护性培养物可能有助于延长新鲜奶酪的保质期,保持其感官特性和颜色。
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Hrvatski časopis za prehrambenu tehnologiju, biotehnologiju i nutricionizam
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