Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry最新文献

Background: Maxillary Transverse Deficiency (MTD) is a condition that affects the balance and functionality of the stomatognathic system. The aim was to evaluate maxillary bone thickness at the level of the midpalatal suture (MPS) using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in skeletal Class II individuals with maxillary transverse deficiency (MTD) and those with normal transverse maxillary width.

Material and methods: A total of 111 complete cranial scans from patients aged 18 years or older with skeletal Class II malocclusion were analyzed. This classification was confirmed by measuring the ANB angle and convexity at point A. The patients were divided into two groups based on their transversal conditions: the normal transversal maxillary width group (n=46) and the atresia group (n=65). The classification followed the University of Pennsylvania (U-Penn) method using Planmeca Romexis® software. Additionally, the vertical thickness of the maxillary bone was measured at three specific points (anterior, middle, and posterior) using sagittal views. Four maxillary thickness measurements were evaluated: nasopalatine canal thickness (NCT), middle maxillary thickness (MMT), anterior maxillary thickness (AMT), and posterior maxillary thickness (PMT). Statistical analyses included Student's t-test, linear multiple regression, and Pearson correlations.

Results: The maxillary atresia index showed a mean difference of 5.82 mm between the two groups (p<0.001), favoring the adequate-width group. The four maxillary thickness measurements evaluated did not show significant differences between the groups (p>0.05). Furthermore, a low but significant correlation was found between maxillary atresia and bone thickness in the nasopalatine canal and the posterior maxilla, specifically for NCT (R=0.202, p=0.033) and PMT (R=0.205, p=0.031). Among all the analyzed variables using multiple linear regression, only the posterior maxillary thickness (PMT) was found to influence the occurrence of atresia significantly. It was determined that for every millimeter increase in this thickness, the maxillary atresia index increased by 0.78 points (p=0.005).

Conclusions: The transverse dimensions of the maxilla in individuals with skeletal Class II affect its vertical dimensions; regardless of the initial transverse condition, a narrower maxilla correlates with greater posterior palatal thickness.

The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the accuracy of four intraoral scanners and the effect of three different illuminance conditions. A maxillary master cast was digitized with an extraoral scanner to get the reference STL file. The following four intraoral scanners were evaluated: TRIOS 3 (TR), CS 3600 (CS), Helios 600 (HS), and Virtuo Vivo (VV). Three groups were created under different light conditions: 500 lux, 1000 lux, and 6000 lux. Twelve scans were taken for each scanner, resulting in144 STL files in total. The accuracy was calculated with a metrology software. Statistical analysis was obtained by using a generalized linear model (GLM). A Two-Way ANOVA (scanners*light source) and Tukey's post-hoc test (=0.05) were conducted to compare the four scanners among three light conditions. VV showed the best trueness (29.16 ± 11.53 µm) and precision (28.95 ± 11.60 µm) for all illuminance conditions among the tested scanners. Significant differences in accuracy were found in TR when increasing illuminance. No statistical differences in accuracy were found for CS, HS and VV among all three light conditions. VV showed the best accuracy among all light sources and scanner types. Key words:Accuracy, Digital impression, Intraoral scanner, Prosthodontics.

Background: Acidic beverages can compromise the performance of resin composites by altering their mechanical properties. This study evaluated the effect of an energy drink on the microhardness and surface roughness of five high-translucency resin composites.

Material and methods: An in vitro experimental design was performed using Filtek Z350 XT Translucent, Forma Trans, PALFIQUE LX5 CE, Beautifil II Inc, and Opallis T-Neutral. Disc specimens (n = 5 per group) were light-cured with an LED unit and polished. The samples were immersed daily for 10 minutes in Red Bull® over 30 days and stored in artificial saliva between immersions. Microhardness (VMH) was measured using a 50 g load applied for 15 s, while surface roughness (Ra) was determined with a contact profilometer. Normality and homogeneity were assessed with Shapiro-Wilk and Brown-Forsythe tests. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction and Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's post hoc were applied ( = 0.05).

Results: All composites exhibited a progressive decrease in microhardness and an increase in surface roughness. Filtek Z350 XT Translucent maintained the highest hardness, whereas Forma Trans demonstrated the greatest stability with less deterioration. Beautifil II Inc showed the most pronounced changes in both variables, while PALFIQUE LX5 CE displayed balanced behavior and Opallis T-Neutral showed intermediate results. Statistically significant effects of resin type, immersion time, and their interaction were observed for both VMH and Ra (p<0.001).

Conclusions: In conclusion, daily exposure to Red Bull® negatively affected all resin composites tested. Beautifil II Inc proved the most susceptible, while nanocluster and zirconia containing materials exhibited greater resistance to acidic degradation.

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GN) is a rare neuropathic disorder characterized by sudden, unilateral, electric shock-like pain in the areas innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve. Its diagnosis is frequently delayed because of its clinical overlap with odontogenic and otorhinolaryngological conditions. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, different cranial neuropathies have been reported, suggesting possible post-infectious mechanisms. We describe the case of a 54-year-old male dentist, without relevant medical history, who developed recurrent episodes of intense pain in the right pharynx and base of tongue after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Symptoms were triggered by swallowing, coughing, and salivary stimulation, reaching maximum intensity on the visual analogue scale (EVA 10/10). Brain and neck magnetic resonance imaging revealed no structural abnormalities. Treatment with carbamazepine (600 mg/day) partially reduced frequency and severity of attacks, while pregabalin (300 mg/day) showed no benefit. This case highlights the need to consider SARS-CoV-2 infection as a potential trigger of GN, underscores the importance of recent infectious history in the differential diagnosis, and emphasizes the relevance of early pharmacological management in clinical improvement.

Background: Despite the high prevalence of oral and maxillofacial manifestations in the early stages of acromegaly, dentists do not represent an important percentage of the healthcare professionals that diagnose the disease.

Case report: The present study describes the buccodental and facial changes occurring over a period of 20 years in a patient with a late diagnosis of acromegaly.

Discussion: The facial disfiguration and buccodental problems, particularly mandibular enlargement and malocclusion, may be the key elements leading to the diagnosis.

Conclusions: It is essential to enhance awareness of the disease among dentists, and particularly among orthodontists, as they are ideally positioned to recognize and diagnose acromegaly in its early stages.

Giant-cell arteritis (GCA) involving the temporal arteries primarily affects the older adults, with symptoms that include head pain and tenderness. GCA may mimic temporomandibular disorders by causing jaw opening difficulty. Herein, we report an 89-year-old man who presented with jaw fatigue during meals, frontal headache, and low-grade fever. Examination revealed tenderness and dilatation of the right superficial temporal artery, jaw claudication, an elevated C-reactive protein (8.62 mg/dL), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 97 mm/h. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a small acute infarct. Autoimmune serology and blood culture results were negative. Temporal artery ultrasonography demonstrated a halo sign, and the patient met four of the five American College of Rheumatology criteria, confirming GCA. Treatment with prednisolone (0.5 mg/kg) rapidly improved symptoms and laboratory findings; however, sudden bilateral visual loss occurred despite steroid pulse therapy, and vision did not recover. The findings of this case highlight that, in older adult patients, the halo sign may serve as a practical alternative to temporal artery biopsy for establishing GCA diagnosis.

A wide variety of neoplasms have the potential to metastasize to the oral region. Reported cases of testicular carcinoma are very rare, most of which have poor prognosis. When diagnosing tumors in patients with a previous history of carcinoma, it is important to consider the possibility of metastasis to the oral and maxillofacial region. However, in patients without a history of cancer, establishing the diagnosis represents a clinical challenge and requires multidisciplinary work. In this article, a case of testicular choriocarcinoma in the oral soft tissues is described, and a brief review of the literature is presented.

Background: Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is a key regenerative approach in the field of endodontics and a recognized therapeutic method for permanent teeth by several practice organizations. This study aimed to examine the knowledge and attitudes toward VPT in permanent teeth, and the adoption of the updated practice guidelines among dentists in Taif, Saudi Arabia.

Material and methods: Data were collected from 197 general dentists and specialists practicing in Taif using an anonymous questionnaire. It comprised four sections: demographics, questions regarding the indications and diagnosis of VPT (Domain 1), VPT for immature permanent teeth (Domain 2), and the different materials and restorations utilized in VPT (Domain 3). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regression.

Results: 80% of the participants possessed adequate knowledge in Domain 1; however, misconceptions were evident (83.2%) regarding the limitations of VPT in patients with reversible pulpitis. The knowledge levels were lower in Domains 2 and 3 (73%) compared with Domain 1. Misconceptions were common (69.5%) regarding the appropriate timing for permanent coronal restoration placement and the diagnostic role of sodium hypochlorite. Furthermore, age and workplace significantly influenced VPT knowledge, with higher knowledge observed among young dentists (aged 25-34 years) and lower knowledge noted among private sector dentists.

Conclusions: Although most dentists exhibited acceptable knowledge and attitudes, gaps were evident in case selection, restoration timing, and material application. Targeted education and ongoing training are needed, particularly for private sector dentists and those with limited experience, to improve endodontic care in the Taif region.

Background: Growth factor-rich plasma (GFRP) is a biomedical procedure used to promote tissue regeneration. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains higher-than-average platelet concentrations and includes platelet-derived growth factors. As an autologous blood derivative, it is widely used to enhance healing and tissue regeneration . In dentistry, GFRP accelerates soft tissue healing and bone regeneration in procedures such as complex extractions, bone grafts, cyst treatments, and to improve dental implant osseointegration. Objective: To assess the potential influence of age and sex on platelet count, with the aim of optimizing the standardization of therapies involving growth factors.

Material and methods: A cross-sectional, observational, and comparative study was conducted, including a total of 384 patients. Participants were stratified into six groups based on age. From their medical records, the platelet counts obtained from analyses meeting the established inclusion criteria were recorded. Subsequently, the distribution of platelet levels was analyzed according to age groups and sex. Additionally, the potential correlation between platelet count and age was evaluated.

Results: The mean platelet count was higher in women (260.9 ± 65.9 x10³/µL) than in men (250.4 ± 62.0 x10³/µL), although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.113). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between age and platelet count (r = -0.175; p < 0.01), indicating that platelet count decreases with age, although the correlation coefficient was low.

Conclusions: Platelet count varies across the population; therefore, blood extraction for PRP preparation should be adjusted based on age group and sex.

Background: This randomized clinical trial evaluated postoperative pain and analgesic intake in patients with pulp necrosis and asymptomatic chronic apical periodontitis.

Material and methods: Sixty-three patients were randomly assigned to two groups receiving root canal irrigation with either 2.5% calcium hypochlorite (Ca (OCl)2) or 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Root canal preparation was performed using rotary instruments, and all canals were filled in a single visit. Postoperative pain was assessed using a 0-10 numerical rating scale at 24, 48, and 72 hours, and one-week post-treatment. Analgesic intake was also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test.

Results: No significant differences in pain levels were observed between groups at 24 hours (p = 0.601) or other time points. Most patients (95.2%) reported no pain, 3.1% mild pain, and 1.5% severe pain. Analgesic intake was reported by only one patient.

Conclusions: Calcium hypochlorite is a promising irrigant for endodontic treatment, showing comparable postoperative pain outcomes to sodium hypochlorite.