Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry最新文献

Background: To analyze the biomechanical and functional characteristics of different maxillary fixation techniques after Le Fort I osteotomy and occlusal plane rotation, using the finite element method to simulate the mechanical behavior of three different osteosynthesis approaches.

Material and methods: This is a virtual experimental study carried out using finite element analysis to compare three different osteosynthesis techniques after Le Fort I osteotomy and rotation of the maxillary occlusal plane. Three configurations were tested: four-point fixation with "L" plates (C1), two-point fixation with "L" plates (C2), and two-point fixation with pre-modeled Lindorf plates (C3).

Results: The analysis indicated that set C1 showed maximum displacement in the anterior region, while C2 and C3 showed displacement in the posterior region. The von Mises stresses revealed that C1 exceeded the yield limit of titanium, indicating potential failure. On the other hand, C2 and C3 showed a more balanced distribution of stresses within acceptable limits.

Conclusions: The fixation techniques with fewer points (C2 and C3) proved to be as effective, or even superior, to the traditional four-point fixation method (C1), offering better stress distribution and lower mechanical stress. Key words:Le Fort osteotomy, Internal fixation, Finite elements, Biomechanics.

Background: This study aimed to compare the incidence of bleeding using two periodontal treatment protocols in patients with recent Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).

Material and methods: This is an interim analysis of a double-blind controlled clinical trial evaluating two periodontal treatment schemes in patients with recent ACS treated with different dual antiplatelet regimens: Clopidogrel+ASA, Prasugrel+ASA and Ticagrelor+ASA. After randomisation six patients (22 quadrants) were treated with Scheme A (scaling and root planning-SRP) and six patients (21 quadrants) with Scheme B (ultrasonic scaling-US). Periodontal therapy was performed in two appointments using a preventive local protocol to avoid bleeding. The incidence of bleeding was evaluated at 30 minutes and 12 and 24 h later. The clot formation time and perioperative bleeding were also assessed and associated with the regimen using Chi-square/Fisher tests.

Results: Profuse bleeding during treatment was significantly higher in patients with SRP 9/22 (40.91%) than in those with US 2/21 (9.52%) (p = 0.018). Intra-operatory bleeding in quadrants was major in SRP treated with Clopidogrel +ASA (p = 0.009). Only 2/12 patients presented with late bleeding after periodontal treatments, representing 16.6% per individual and 11.6% (5/43) per quadrant. However, the incidence of bleeding did not differ significantly between the two protocols.

Conclusions: Post-treatment bleeding was moderate and similar in non-invasive and invasive periodontal treatment with different dual antiplatelet therapies. The periodontal treatment in patients with recent ACS treated with dual antiplatelet therapy is safe. The incidence of bleeding is low, and it can be controlled using local methods. Key words:Bleeding, dual platelet anti-aggregation, periodontitis, acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Dental caries remains the most prevalent chronic disease worldwide. Hence the importance of detecting and evaluating caries and combining this with additional diagnostic methods to ensure the best treatment. The main objective was to study what is the sensitivity and specificity for detecting initial and cavitated caries lesions by students in third, fourth and fifth year of the Degree in Dentistry at the University of Barcelona, analysing if there is any difference between the diagnoses and treatments among the different years and each student's clinical experience. It was also determined if they apply the techniques based on the concepts of minimal intervention.

Material and methods: An observational cross-sectional study using an online survey was performed, based on a real clinical case, aimed at the students in third, fourth and fifth year of the Degree in Dentistry at the University of Barcelona.

Results: Most of the respondents (72.13%) observed demineralization or cavities caused by caries in the clinical image and all in the radiographic image (100%). Meanwhile, they showed a more conservative attitude in the treatment of occlusal face, where 23.08% in 4.6 and 46.25% in 4.7 indicate filling of pits and fissures. On the other hand, on the proximal faces, they directly opted for a class II filling (95% in 4.5 distal, 94% in 4.6 mesial and 84% in 4.6 distal). Eighty-five percent of the students considered applying techniques based on the concepts of minimal intervention.

Conclusions: The students use similar criteria when diagnosing and treating possible caries lesions regardless of academic year or clinical experience. The personal evaluation of the application of the concepts of minimal intervention does not correlate with the clinical attitude to those cases. Key words:Dental caries, caries diagnosis, caries management, questionnaire.

Background: Radiotherapy is one of the main treatments for head and neck cancer; however, due to its non-selectivity the glandular tissue can be affected. This scoping review aimed to identify the evidence about mesenchymal stem cell therapies for irradiated salivary gland regeneration.

Material and methods: Two independent reviewers performed a literature search in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were: 1) studies evaluation regeneration of irradiated salivary glands by stem cell therapies (cell-based or cell-free), (2) in vivo studies.

Results: The search resulted in 13 included studies. In general, both therapies demonstrated increased salivary levels, with mucin and amylase increased and structural protection of acinar cells. The cell-free therapy based on labial glands stem cell extract demonstrated a higher number of parasympathetic nerves.

Conclusions: Stem cell therapies (cell-free and cell-based) appear promising strategies for recovering saliva production in patients presenting irradiation-induced hyposalivation, with positive results toward regeneration of the form and function of the glands. However, due to the scarcity and heterogenicity of these pre-clinical studies, it is not possible to indicate which is the more indicated therapy. Key words:Mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles, exosomes, salivary glands, stem cell biology, hyposalivation, radiotherapy.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of Class V anterior restorations with universal composite after professional bleaching using a spectrophotometer.

Material and methods: Class V cavities were prepared and restored with universal composite in twenty-eight extracted anterior teeth. One week after restoration, color analysis was performed using the spectrophotometer. In-office bleaching was performed. Color analysis was performed 24 hours, 72 hours and 30 days after bleaching. The parameters evaluated were L* values of each tooth and ΔE values between tooth and restoration at different timepoints. Data were analyzed using a statistical software. A P-value ≤0.05 was used to indicate statistical significance of the results.

Results: There was a non-statistically significant but noticeable difference between the L* values in term of tooth bleaching effect. Non-statistically significant differences were found between the L* values and the ΔE values at different timepoints when evaluating the chromatic difference between the tooth surface and the restoration. The ΔE value one week after the restoration is higher than the ΔE values at the following timepoints, therefore the color difference between the restoration and the adjacent tooth decreases with time after bleaching.

Conclusions: Universal Composite was found to be able to match the color of the surrounding tooth even after the bleaching procedure. Key words:Omnichroma, composite, color, spectrophotometer, whitening.

Background: For a successful root canal treatment, it is necessary to determine the correct working length. One of the most used tools to determine the length is: radiography and apex locator. The accuracy of APEX locator of different generations depends on various factors. Studies have reported various effects of root canal irrigations on Apex Locator accuracy. This review study collects the results of studies conducted in recent years so that dentists and specialists can choose the most appropriate root canal irrigation's protocol with the least negative impact on the accuracy of Apex Locator.

Material and methods: This review article has been done in the form of a wide search in electronic databases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, BVS (Lilacs and BBO), Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase in the period of 2010-2023. No language restrictions have been considered and the reference list of all related articles has been checked.

Results: Out of 605 found articles, After removing duplicates and an initial screening, the full texts of only 25 articles are analyed and only 21 articles matched our inclusion criteria and their quality was assessed using modified CONSORT. This article is written based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‑Analyses protocol protocol. Based on the obtained results, use of hypochlorite alone, which has a negative effect on the accuracy of the apex locator due to its high electroconductivity.

Conclusions: Use of a irrigation's protocol such as the use of 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) after sodium hypochlorite or chlorhexidine (CHX) or 0.1% octinidine dohydrochloride (OCT) is suggested compared to the use of sodium hypochlorite alone. Key words:Apex locator, irrigation solutions, sodium hypochlorite, Chlorhexidine, working length.

Hypoglossia is a rare developmental anomaly of tongue. It is usually associated with various syndromes and other anomalies. Most common association of hypoglossia is with limb deformity and these disorders are collectively grouped as Oro Mandibular Limb Hypogenesis (OLHS) Syndrome. It represents a spectrum of disorders and cases with deviation from the original classification has been reported. Isolated hypoglossia without limb deformity is very rare and has been classified as OLHS Type 1 A by Hall. Features associated with this disorder is hypoplastic mandible, absence of mandibular incisors, intra oral bands and marked enlargement of sublingual muscular ridges and glands. This article reports a case of 22 years old female patient with isolated hypoglossia. Patient reported with the chief complain of irregularly placed teeth. Extra oral finding revealed a convex profile with retrognathic mandible. Intraoral examination revealed crowding in teeth with a constricted maxillary and mandibular arch. A small rudimentary tongue with reduced range of movement was seen. However no abnormalities of the extremities was seen. Key words:Hanhart syndrome, Hypoplastic mandible, Oligodontia, Small tongue.

Background: This study aims to assess the relationships between sphenoid sinus (SS) types, septation, lobulation, symmetry, septal deviation, and the variations in SS pneumatization regarding the surrounding neurovascular structures using Computed tomography (CT) images. Sexes and age groups were investigated.

Material and methods: We retrospectively evaluated head CT-scans of 320 patients (age range 18-49 years); mean of 43.13 ± 17.39 to evaluate the morphological characteristics of the SS (Symmetry, Pneumatization, Extension, Septation, Lobulation, Internal Carotid, and Optic Nerve). Analyses were performed using SPSS version 20.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA), with a 95% confidence level.

Results: Our findings revealed an incidence of anatomographical variations in terms of pneumatization that varied between 0.3% (conchal)-60% (postsellar). These variants include 72.5% subdorsal extension, 92.2% lobular extension. Septations either presented as complete septa (90.9%) which extend from the anterior to the posterior wall dividing the sinus into different antra or as incomplete accessory septa. We also demonstrated anatomographic variants in terms of Internal Carotid (ICA), and Optic Nerve (ON). As sphenoid sinuses pneumatize more, the frequency of optic nerve (ON) and internal carotid artery (ICA) protrusion and wall dehiscence into the sinus increases.

Conclusions: Results show that anatomic variations and pneumatization of the paranasal sinuses holds significant importance in diagnosing and understanding sinus pathologies The findings underscore a potential correlation between the anatomical variants of the SS and the presence of population group variability. Key words:Sphenoid sinus, CT scan, •Sellar type, Internal carotid artery, Optic nerve.

Background: To analyze the survival rate of teeth affected by invasive cervical resorption after internal and external repair.

Material and methods: A search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and gray literature at the DANS Easy Archive until September 2023. The selected studies were subjected to risk assessment of bias, and the quality of evidence was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. The GRADE was used to analyze the certainty of evidence.

Results: Three articles were included in this study. The Heithersay classification was used in all included studies. Only one study has reported on the Patel classification. Different results associated with the survival of treated invasive cervical resorption elements have been reported. Two studies reported a higher survival rate in externally repaired teeth than in internally repaired teeth. Only one study reported greater survival of theeth with external cervical resorption rate in the treatment with internal repair. The studies showed strong evidence and the certainty of the evidence was classified as very low.

Conclusions: Failure rates were low in dental treatments with invasive cervical resorption for both repairs, with external repair being more promising and showing the highest survival rate in the follow-up period of at least one year. Key words:External cervical resorption, external repair, interal repair, survival rate, dental treatments.

Background: The RTK-VEGF4 receptor family, which includes VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, plays a crucial role in tissue regeneration by promoting angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, and recruiting stem cells and immune cells. Machine learning, particularly graph neural networks (GNNs), has shown high accuracy in predicting these interactions. This study aims to predict drug-gene interactions of the RTK-VEGF4 receptor family in periodontal regeneration using graph neural networks.

Material and methods: The study utilized a dataset comprising 19,154 drug-gene interactions to analyze the relationships between drugs and protein-coding genes. The dataset was split into training and testing sets, with 80% of the data used for training and 20% for testing. Cytoscape, an open-source software platform, was employed to visualize and analyze the drug-gene interaction network, and CytoHubba, a plugin, was used to identify highly connected nodes. Topological measures were applied to determine the influence and importance of each node. GNNs were used to manage the complex relationships and dependencies within the graphs.

Results: The drug-gene interaction network, comprising 815 nodes and 13,436 edges, was found to be complex and highly interconnected. It was divided into 11 components, displaying low density and heterogeneity, indicative of a sparse structure. The GNN model achieved 97% accuracy in predicting interaction types, including single protein interactions and protein complex groups.

Conclusions: The study demonstrates that graph neural networks outperform traditional machine learning methods in predicting drug-gene interactions within the RTK-VEGF protein family in periodontal regeneration, highlighting their potential in advancing therapeutic strategies and drug discovery. Key words:Graph neural networks; drug-gene interactions; RTK-VEGF4 protein family: periodontal regeneration.