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Critical analysis of the effects of the digital technologies on reading and learning / Análisis crítico sobre los efectos de las tecnologías digitales en la lectura y el aprendizaje 数字技术对阅读和学习的影响的批判性分析/数字技术对阅读和学习的影响的批判性分析
Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/11356405.2019.1630958
L. Salmerón, P. Delgado
Abstract In the digital age, the introduction of digital technologies (or information and communication technologies, ICT) in classrooms is a necessary, imperative reality. However, the educational results do not seem to match the expectations generated. For this reason, this revision seeks to make up for the scant attention paid to the possible harmful effects of the use of ICT based on research and educational practice. After providing a general overview of the impact of ICT on learning, we survey the results of studies that reveal potential negative consequences of their use inside and outside the school context. We analyse their impact on both academic performance and other more specific areas, such as reading comprehension, and we stress the negative effects on so-called ‘digital natives’. In short, what stands out is the importance of an evidence-based education practice which bears in mind the possible harmful effects of using ICT and bears in mind that its beneficial effects seem to rely on not only how much but also how they are used.
在数字时代,在课堂上引入数字技术(或信息通信技术,ICT)是一种必要的、势在必行的现实。然而,教育结果似乎与期望不符。因此,这项修订旨在弥补基于研究和教育实践对使用信息通信技术可能产生的有害影响的关注不足。在概述了信息通信技术对学习的影响之后,我们调查了研究结果,揭示了在学校内外使用信息通信技术的潜在负面影响。我们分析了它们对学习成绩和其他更具体领域(如阅读理解)的影响,并强调了对所谓的“数字原生代”的负面影响。简而言之,最突出的是基于证据的教育实践的重要性,这种实践既要考虑到使用信息和通信技术可能产生的有害影响,又要考虑到它的有益影响似乎不仅取决于使用的数量,还取决于使用的方式。
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引用次数: 17
Contribution of teacher knowledge to student knowledge of mathematics / Contribución del conocimiento del profesor al conocimiento del alumno en matemáticas 教师知识对学生数学知识的贡献/教师知识对学生数学知识的贡献
Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/11356405.2019.1630956
Raimundo Olfos, Palmenia Rodríguez
Abstract The aim of this study is to establish to what extent teachers’ knowledge, in association with school socioeconomic level, students’ previous knowledge and level of mathematical knowledge achieved in school contribute to the knowledge that fourth-grade students reach in conceptualizing fractions. Information was obtained from 328 fourth-grade students of nine schools and their respective mathematics teachers. The results show that the 77% of variability observed in the conceptualization of fractions could be attributed to student-level variables, while the remaining 23% would be attributable to school-level variables. On the other hand, 38% of the intra-school variance could be explained by students’ previous knowledge, and virtually all the between-schools variance would be explained by the academic level of the school or, in 32% of cases, by the socioeconomic status of the school. Teacher knowledge, alone or in combination with other factors, accounts for about 10%, with a significance of 10%.
摘要本研究旨在探讨教师知识(与学校社会经济水平相关)、学生先前知识和在校数学知识水平对四年级学生分数概念化知识的影响程度。从9所学校的328名四年级学生和他们各自的数学老师那里获得了信息。结果表明,在分数概念化中观察到的77%的可变性可归因于学生水平变量,而剩余的23%可归因于学校水平变量。另一方面,38%的校内差异可以用学生以前的知识来解释,而几乎所有的校际差异都可以用学校的学术水平来解释,或者在32%的情况下,用学校的社会经济地位来解释。教师知识单独或结合其他因素,约占10%,显著性为10%。
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引用次数: 2
Teachers’ perception of inclusive teaching practices for students with severe permanent disabilities / Percepción del profesorado sobre prácticas docentes inclusivas en alumnado con discapacidades graves y permanentes
Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/11356405.2019.1630952
M. Colmenero, M. Pegalajar, Antonio Pantoja
Abstract This study examines the perceptions of teachers in special education schools regarding the use of inclusive practices for students with severe permanent disabilities. The research was performed in Andalusia (Spain), using surveys as the main data collection method. To this end, a specific scale was designed and validated, and surveys were filled out by 428 teachers who worked in one of the 59 special education schools in the region. The data analysis shows that the teachers had positive perceptions of the use of inclusive teaching practices; there were significant relationships between variables related to the type of school, as well as gender, age and teaching experience.
摘要:本研究考察了特殊教育学校教师对严重永久性残疾学生使用包容性实践的看法。该研究在安达卢西亚(西班牙)进行,使用调查作为主要的数据收集方法。为此,设计并验证了一份具体的量表,并对该地区59所特殊教育学校之一的428名教师进行了问卷调查。数据分析表明,教师对包容性教学实践的使用持积极态度;与学校类型、性别、年龄和教学经验相关的变量之间存在显著的关系。
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引用次数: 7
School head teachers’ views of the drive towards educational innovation in Catalonia / La visión de los directores de escuela sobre el impulso de la innovación educativa en Cataluña 加泰罗尼亚学校校长对推动教育创新的看法/加泰罗尼亚学校校长对推动教育创新的看法
Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/11356405.2019.1630957
Jordi Díaz-Gibson, Mireia Civís, Annabel Fontanet, S. López, Miquel-Àngel Prats
Abstract Today, educational change and innovation are a clear priority in educational centres across the world. This article analyses the strengths and opportunities presented by the process of educational innovation taking place in Catalonia from the perspective of school head teachers, employing a quanti-qualitative methodology using 227 surveys and 29 semi-structured interviews. The results locate the innovation process in a phase characterized by efforts aimed at updating existing practice, resistance to change generated by the system itself, and a lack of systematic reflection on current practice. Two strengths of the process reported relate to its scale and transversality across the whole territory on the one hand, and the importance that collaboration between teachers and schools is having in order to facilitate innovation. Other aspects highlighted are: the need to invest more planning in innovation processes; the need for the Deparment of Education to reflect on its own role within the process; and, finally, the need to develop the role of technologies as facilitators of innovation and communication.
今天,教育变革和创新是世界各地教育中心的一个明确的优先事项。本文从学校校长的角度出发,采用227项调查和29次半结构化访谈的定量定性方法,分析了加泰罗尼亚教育创新过程中所呈现的优势和机遇。结果将创新过程定位在一个以努力更新现有实践为特征的阶段,抵制系统本身产生的变革,缺乏对当前实践的系统反思。据报道,这一过程的两个优势一方面与其在整个地区的规模和横向性有关,另一方面与教师和学校之间的合作对促进创新的重要性有关。其他突出的方面是:需要在创新过程中投入更多的规划;教育部需要反思自己在这一过程中的作用;最后,需要发展技术作为创新和交流促进者的作用。
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引用次数: 9
Dimensions of digital literacy based on five models of development / Dimensiones de la alfabetización digital a partir de cinco modelos de desarrollo 基于五种发展模式的数字素养维度/基于五种发展模式的数字素养维度
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/11356405.2019.1603274
Ana Pérez-Escoda, Rosa García-Ruiz, Ignacio Aguaded
Abstract Digital literacy has been an emerging and increasing priority in many governments’ educational and assessment policies since the first decade of the twenty-first century because it is a priority in citizenship training. The difficulty with understanding and developing it comes from its changing, transversal and flexible nature; for this reason, the fundamental objective of this research is to offer an exhaustive study of the concept by analysing the main models of digital literacy in the international context in order to offer a holistic model that incorporates the contributions from all of these initiatives. The theoretical study presented herein provides an objective, rigorous perspective on the main models of development of digital literacy: the DIGCOMP Project (European Commission), the Krumsvik model (Norway), the TPACK model (USA), the JISC model (UK), the ISTE Standards (USA) and the P21 model (USA). The conclusion offers an innovative proposal of four dimensions that should define digital literacy today, taking into account the five initiatives studied, which could be very worthwhile for researchers, educators and policymakers.
自21世纪第一个十年以来,数字素养在许多政府的教育和评估政策中已经成为一个新兴的和越来越重要的优先事项,因为它是公民培训的优先事项。理解和发展它的困难在于它的变化性、横向性和灵活性;因此,本研究的基本目标是通过分析国际背景下数字素养的主要模式,对这一概念进行详尽的研究,以便提供一个综合了所有这些举措贡献的整体模型。本文提出的理论研究为数字素养发展的主要模式提供了一个客观、严谨的视角:DIGCOMP项目(欧盟委员会)、Krumsvik模型(挪威)、TPACK模型(美国)、JISC模型(英国)、ISTE标准(美国)和P21模型(美国)。结论提供了一个创新的建议,从四个方面来定义当今的数字素养,同时考虑到所研究的五项举措,这对研究人员、教育工作者和政策制定者来说非常有价值。
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引用次数: 50
Credibility versus fake news in digital newspapers on tablets in primary education / Credibilidad versus falsedad de las noticias de periódicos digitales sobre la tableta en la Educación Primaria 小学教育平板电脑数字报纸的可信度与假新闻/小学教育平板电脑数字报纸新闻的可信度与假新闻
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/11356405.2019.1603891
María-Carmen Ricoy, Cristina Sánchez-Martínez, Tiberio Feliz-Murias
Abstract The press is often attributed with little credibility, and the recent phenomenon of fake news has put it under the spotlight once again. As a result, the objective of this study is to discover the margin of the veracity versus falsehood of the news reports on tablets in primary education published in digital newspapers. This qualitative study has been developed on the basis of an analysis of 120 news items in Spanish newspapers. The conclusions show that news items on the topic correspond with reality and can be considered credible since they are in line with results provided in the scientific literature. Nevertheless, and in accordance with this type of publication, the treatment of the topic in these news items is superficial, even though they usually dedicate a full page to it. When discussing benefits and controversial points, both newspaper articles and scientific studies highlight the immediacy offered by tablets and the motivation generated in students. At the same time, their use is also linked with harmful effects associated with technopathologies.
摘要:媒体往往被认为缺乏可信度,而最近的假新闻现象又使其再次成为人们关注的焦点。因此,本研究的目的是发现在数字报纸上发表的关于小学教育平板电脑的新闻报道的真实性与虚假的边际。这项定性研究是在对西班牙报纸上120条新闻进行分析的基础上进行的。结论表明,该主题的新闻项目符合现实,可以被认为是可信的,因为它们与科学文献提供的结果一致。然而,根据这种类型的出版物,这些新闻项目对主题的处理是肤浅的,即使他们通常用一整版来讨论它。在讨论益处和争议点时,报纸文章和科学研究都强调平板电脑提供的即时性和学生的动力。与此同时,它们的使用也与与技术病理学有关的有害影响有关。
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引用次数: 4
Media competencies of university professors and students. Comparison of levels in Spain, Portugal, Brazil and Venezuela / Las competencias mediáticas de profesores y estudiantes universitarios. Comparación de niveles en España, Portugal, Brasil y Venezuela 大学教授和学生的媒体能力。西班牙、葡萄牙、巴西和委内瑞拉的水平比较/大学教授和学生的媒体能力。西班牙、葡萄牙、巴西和委内瑞拉的水平比较
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/11356405.2019.1597564
Luis M. Romero-Rodríguez, P. Contreras-Pulido, M. A. Pérez-Rodríguez
Abstract Media competencies are a set of skills that every individual should possess in order to be able to consume and produce media and digital and information products in a critical and analytical way. This exploratory and comparative work analyses the level of media competence among 1,676 university students and 524 professors in Brazil, Spain, Portugal and Venezuela. One of the main results shows that the level of knowledge of technology and interaction — which is linked to digital competencies — does not depend solely on age, thus contradicting theories of digital natives and migrants. Our study also found that the general level of media competence is no better than medium to low when considering language, technology, interaction, production and dissemination, ideology and values, and aesthetics. These results point to the need to develop transversal actions for instructing both university professors and students in media competencies to face an ecosystem dominated by fake news and disinformation, as well as public policies directed at improving these skills among citizens at large.
媒体能力是指每个人都应该具备的一套技能,以便能够以批判和分析的方式消费和生产媒体、数字和信息产品。这项探索性和比较性的工作分析了巴西、西班牙、葡萄牙和委内瑞拉的1676名大学生和524名教授的媒体能力水平。其中一个主要结果表明,与数字能力相关的技术和互动知识水平并不仅仅取决于年龄,因此与数字原生代和数字移民的理论相矛盾。我们的研究还发现,从语言、技术、互动、生产和传播、意识形态和价值观以及美学等方面来看,媒体能力的总体水平不高于中低水平。这些结果表明,需要制定横向行动,指导大学教授和学生在媒体能力方面面对由假新闻和虚假信息主导的生态系统,以及旨在提高广大公民这些技能的公共政策。
{"title":"Media competencies of university professors and students. Comparison of levels in Spain, Portugal, Brazil and Venezuela / Las competencias mediáticas de profesores y estudiantes universitarios. Comparación de niveles en España, Portugal, Brasil y Venezuela","authors":"Luis M. Romero-Rodríguez, P. Contreras-Pulido, M. A. Pérez-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1080/11356405.2019.1597564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11356405.2019.1597564","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Media competencies are a set of skills that every individual should possess in order to be able to consume and produce media and digital and information products in a critical and analytical way. This exploratory and comparative work analyses the level of media competence among 1,676 university students and 524 professors in Brazil, Spain, Portugal and Venezuela. One of the main results shows that the level of knowledge of technology and interaction — which is linked to digital competencies — does not depend solely on age, thus contradicting theories of digital natives and migrants. Our study also found that the general level of media competence is no better than medium to low when considering language, technology, interaction, production and dissemination, ideology and values, and aesthetics. These results point to the need to develop transversal actions for instructing both university professors and students in media competencies to face an ecosystem dominated by fake news and disinformation, as well as public policies directed at improving these skills among citizens at large.","PeriodicalId":153832,"journal":{"name":"Cultura y Educación","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123889154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Identifying fake news through trustworthiness judgements of documents / La identificación de noticias falsas mediante juicios de fiabilidad de los documentos 通过文件可靠性判断识别假新闻/通过文件可靠性判断识别假新闻
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/11356405.2019.1597442
C. Tarchi
Abstract In the twenty-first century, people have access to a great wealth of knowledge to solve information-based problems. However, sources might include misinformation, a phenomenon also called ‘fake news’. In this study, the contribution of students’ affective engagement and behaviour disposition on Italian university students’ multiple-document comprehension will be investigated. In specific, the focus was put on trustworthiness judgements and use of justification criteria when reading documents on the controversial topic of vaccination. Participants were 289 university students. The procedure included four steps. Firstly, students were administered the tests measuring prior beliefs, topic interest and prior knowledge. Secondly, students read six documents varying by position towards vaccination and reliability. Thirdly, students were asked to report their use of processing strategies. Finally, students were asked to judge the trustworthiness of the six documents and report to what extent they had relied on specific trustworthiness criteria. Overall results confirmed the existence of four default stances adopted to complete the reading task, which are significantly associated with trustworthiness judgements. Students’ affective engagement should be targeted by enhancing their topic interest, and intervention should promote cross-document strategic processing.
在21世纪,人们可以获得大量的知识来解决基于信息的问题。然而,消息来源可能包括错误信息,这种现象也被称为“假新闻”。在本研究中,学生的情感投入和行为倾向对意大利大学生的多文件理解的贡献将被调查。具体而言,在阅读有关疫苗接种这一有争议话题的文件时,重点放在可信度判断和正当性标准的使用上。参与者是289名大学生。该程序包括四个步骤。首先,对学生进行先验信念、话题兴趣和先验知识的测试。其次,学生们阅读了六份不同立场的关于疫苗接种和可靠性的文件。第三,要求学生报告他们对加工策略的使用情况。最后,学生们被要求判断这六份文件的可信度,并报告他们在多大程度上依赖于具体的可信度标准。总体结果证实了四种默认立场的存在,以完成阅读任务,这与可信度判断显著相关。学生的情感参与应该有针对性地提高他们的话题兴趣,干预应该促进跨文献策略加工。
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引用次数: 5
Digital literacy, fake news and education / Alfabetización digital, fake news y educación 数字素养,假新闻教育/ Alfabetización数字化,假新闻y educación
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/11356405.2019.1603632
J. McDougall, M. Brites, M. Couto, Catarina Lucas
Abstract The role of digital literacy in strengthening citizens’ resilience to misinformation and ‘fake news’ has been the subject of research projects and networking and academic and policy discourses in recent years, given prominence by an escalation of the perceived crisis following election and referendum results in the US and UK respectively. This special issue sets out to take forward critical dialogue in the field of media and digital literacy education by publishing rigorous research on the subject. The research disseminated in this collection speaks to the political and economic contexts for ‘fake news’, the complex issue of trust and the risks of educational solutionism; questions of definition and policy implementation; teaching about specific subgenres such as YouTube and clickbait; international comparisons of pedagogic approaches and challenges for teachers in this changing ecosystem.
近年来,数字素养在加强公民对错误信息和“假新闻”的抵御能力方面的作用一直是研究项目、网络、学术和政策话语的主题,美国和英国分别在选举和公投结果之后,人们感知到的危机不断升级,这一点尤为突出。本期特刊旨在通过发表有关这一主题的严谨研究,推动媒体和数字扫盲教育领域的关键对话。本丛书中传播的研究涉及“假新闻”的政治和经济背景、信任的复杂问题和教育解决方案主义的风险;定义和政策执行问题;教授特定的子类型,如YouTube和标题党;在这个不断变化的生态系统中,教学方法的国际比较和教师面临的挑战。
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引用次数: 23
Validation of a self-perceived media competence instrument for pre-service teachers / Validación de un instrumento de autopercepción de competencia mediática para docentes en formación
Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/11356405.2019.1597440
Julio-César Mateus, Wilson-Virgilio Hernández-Breña, Mònica Figueras-Maz
Abstract Key to guaranteeing the fundamental human rights of freedom of expression and information is the development of media competence, particularly in schools. Training teachers in the area of media competence is particularly important for developing these skills in the broader citizenry. In order to provide educators and educational policymakers with a useful diagnostic tool, we have designed a self-perception questionnaire. The questionnaire was applied to a sample of Peruvian education students (N = 501). On the one hand, the results confirm the construct’s coherence, validity and instrumental reliability. On the other hand, they allow us to propose a theoretically based update to the way in which this construct is interpreted and applied, confirming the multidimensionality of media competence. Finally, we use this empirical evidence to discuss the integral, transversal and ecological status of media competence.
保障言论自由和信息自由的基本人权的关键是发展媒体能力,特别是在学校。对教师进行媒体能力方面的培训对于在广大公民中发展这些技能尤为重要。为了给教育工作者和教育决策者提供一个有用的诊断工具,我们设计了一份自我认知问卷。调查问卷应用于秘鲁教育学生样本(N = 501)。研究结果一方面证实了结构的一致性、效度和工具信度。另一方面,它们允许我们提出一种基于理论的更新方式来解释和应用这一结构,确认媒体能力的多维性。最后,我们运用这一实证来探讨媒介能力的整体状态、横向状态和生态状态。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Cultura y Educación
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