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DNA tetrahedral nanoparticles: Co-delivery of siOTUD6B/DOX against triple-negative breast cancer DNA 四面体纳米颗粒:siOTUD6B/DOX 联合给药治疗三阴性乳腺癌。
IF 10.5 1区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.11.025
Wenxiang Zhang , Xue Yang , Zheng Qu , Peikai Ding , Xiangyi Kong , Xiangyu Wang , Qiang Liu , Xingsong Zhang , Ye Lu , Jing Wang , Zhengju Chen , Yi Fang
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with limited targeted therapeutic options. Recently, the deubiquitinizing enzyme ovarian tumor domain-containing 6B (OTUD6B) has been reported to play a potential role in TNBC progression. Therefore, this study investigates the role and underlying molecular mechanisms of OTUD6B in vitro and xenograft models of TNBC. Specifically, we examined the therapeutic effects of siOTUD6B and doxorubicin (DOX) co-delivery using synthesized tetrahedral DNA nanoparticles (Tds) on tumor growth and progression. Additionally, the uptake and efficacy of the siOTUD6B/DOX@Td in TNBC cells were evaluated. Notably, the siOTUD6B/DOX@Td nanoparticle demonstrated efficient cellular uptake by TNBC cells, resulting in OTUD6B knockdown and controlled release of DOX. Additionally, siOTUD6B/DOX@Td treatment enhanced apoptosis rates increased DOX sensitivity, and inhibited TNBC cell growth, migration, and metastasis. Moreover, in vivo experiments confirmed that siOTUD6B/DOX@Td treatment inhibited tumor growth and metastasis without damaging the primary organs. Mechanistically, OTUD6B regulates TNBC progression by stabilizing murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and degrading forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a). Conclusively, this study demonstrates the potential applicability of DNA nanoparticles loaded with DOX and siOTUD6B for TNBC treatment.
三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)是一种侵袭性乳腺癌亚型,其靶向治疗方案有限。最近,有报道称含卵巢肿瘤结构域的去泛素化酶 6B(OTUD6B)在 TNBC 的进展中发挥着潜在作用。因此,本研究探讨了 OTUD6B 在 TNBC 体外和异种移植模型中的作用及其潜在的分子机制。具体来说,我们利用合成的四面体 DNA 纳米颗粒(Tds)研究了 siOTUD6B 和多柔比星(DOX)联合给药对肿瘤生长和进展的治疗效果。此外,还评估了 siOTUD6B/DOX@Td 在 TNBC 细胞中的吸收和疗效。值得注意的是,siOTUD6B/DOX@Td 纳米粒子被 TNBC 细胞高效吸收,导致 OTUD6B 基因敲除和 DOX 的可控释放。此外,siOTUD6B/DOX@Td 处理提高了细胞凋亡率,增加了 DOX 的敏感性,并抑制了 TNBC 细胞的生长、迁移和转移。此外,体内实验证实,siOTUD6B/DOX@Td 处理可抑制肿瘤生长和转移,且不会损伤原发器官。从机理上讲,OTUD6B通过稳定小鼠双分化2(MDM2)和降解叉头盒O3a(FOXO3a)来调控TNBC的进展。总之,这项研究证明了装载 DOX 和 siOTUD6B 的 DNA 纳米粒子在 TNBC 治疗中的潜在适用性。
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引用次数: 0
Self-assembling nanoparticles for delivery of miR-603 and miR-221 in glioblastoma as a new strategy to overcome resistance to temozolomide. 在胶质母细胞瘤中输送 miR-603 和 miR-221 的自组装纳米颗粒是克服替莫唑胺耐药性的新策略。
IF 10.5 1区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.11.039
Marianna Abate, Manuela Porru, Virginia Campani, Carlo Leonetti, Valeria Nele, Rossella Di Paola, Marco De Martino, Margherita Russo, Madhura Tathode, Alessia Maria Cossu, Marco Bocchetti, Alessia Angelillo, Monica Ianniello, Nadia Petrillo, Giovanni Savarese, Rosa Della Monica, Lorenzo Chiariotti, Raffaele Addeo, Michele Caraglia, Giuseppe De Rosa, Silvia Zappavigna

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain cancer with poor clinical outcome. Unfortunately, chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ) has a limited efficacy due to resistance mainly attributed to O6-methylguanine methyl transferase (MGMT) activity. Recently, miR-603 and miR-221 have been identified to target MGMT, thus improving the efficacy of temozolomide (TMZ) in the treatment of GBM. Previously, self-assembling nanoparticles (SANPs) have been proposed to deliver miRNAs into the brain. Here, SANP co-encapsulating miRNA-603 (miR-603) and miRNA-221 (miR-221) have been developed to enhance the efficacy of TMZ in the treatment of GBM by preventing the occurrence of chemoresistance. Preliminarily, SANPs encapsulating miRNAs were optimized in terms of lipid composition to assure physical stability and no hemolytic activity. Subsequently, SANPs with the lowest cytotoxicity and excellent internalization efficiency of miRNAs were selected through MTT assay and real-time PCR, respectively. To evaluate a potential synergistic effect between TMZ and miRNAs, MTT and clonogenic assays were performed. In our biological model, miRNA delivery via SANPs in combination with TMZ treatment strongly reduced cell viability and tumorigenic potential. Finally, in vivo assays were carried out on orthotopic xenograft mouse models. The treatment with SANPs encapsulating both miRNAs in combination with TMZ greatly decreased tumour growth, and even more significantly increased animal survival. In conclusion, this strategy provides the rationale for the development of new therapeutic approaches based on SANP technology to deliver miRNAs that play a key role in suppressing tumour.

胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是一种侵袭性极强的脑癌,临床疗效不佳。遗憾的是,替莫唑胺(TMZ)化疗的疗效有限,主要原因是O6-甲基鸟嘌呤甲基转移酶(MGMT)活性导致的耐药性。最近,miR-603和miR-221被发现可以靶向MGMT,从而提高替莫唑胺(TMZ)治疗GBM的疗效。此前,有人提出用自组装纳米颗粒(SANPs)将 miRNA 送入大脑。在这里,我们开发出了共同包裹miRNA-603(miR-603)和miRNA-221(miR-221)的SANP,通过防止化疗耐药性的发生来提高TMZ治疗GBM的疗效。首先,对包裹 miRNA 的 SANPs 的脂质成分进行了优化,以确保其物理稳定性和无溶血活性。随后,通过 MTT 试验和实时 PCR,分别筛选出细胞毒性最低、miRNA 内化效率最高的 SANPs。为了评估 TMZ 和 miRNA 之间的潜在协同效应,我们进行了 MTT 和克隆生成试验。在我们的生物模型中,通过 SANPs 递送 miRNA 与 TMZ 联合治疗可大大降低细胞活力和致瘤潜能。最后,我们在正位异种移植小鼠模型上进行了体内试验。将两种 miRNAs 封装的 SANPs 与 TMZ 联合治疗大大降低了肿瘤的生长,更显著地提高了动物的存活率。总之,这一策略为开发基于 SANP 技术的新治疗方法提供了理论依据,该技术可递送在抑制肿瘤方面发挥关键作用的 miRNA。
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引用次数: 0
Autophagy-activating aluminum hydroxide nanovaccine for enhanced antigen presentation and anti-tumor immunity 自噬激活氢氧化铝纳米疫苗可增强抗原递呈和抗肿瘤免疫力。
IF 10.5 1区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.11.018
Dong Chen, Xiaoli Ling, Yashi Wang, Qiang Zhang, Xuan He, Ziyan Dong, Man Li, Qin He
Lymph node (LN) targeting and antigen presentation by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are critical factors affecting the immune responses induced by tumor vaccines. Autophagy activation promotes MHC class I and II antigen presentation in APCs. To enhance antigen presentation in LNs, we developed an aluminum hydroxide nanovaccine that simultaneously incorporates the autophagy-activating peptide Beclin-1 and the antigenic protein OVA (B/O@AN nanovaccine) through layer-by-layer electrostatic interaction. B/O@AN has a particle size of approximately 80 nm and efficiently targets lymph nodes following subcutaneous administration. The combination of the Beclin-1 peptide with the aluminum hydroxide nanovaccine promotes dendritic cell (DC) maturation. More importantly, B/O@AN facilitates antigen cross-presentation by promoting lysosomal escape and autophagy induction. After immunization, compared to O/@AN without Beclin-1, B/O@AN significantly augments antigen-specific cellular immune responses, leading to substantial increases in cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), T-helper 1 (Th1) cells, as well as serum antibody levels, thereby impeding melanoma development and progression in both prophylactic and therapeutic settings. These results provide evidence that autophagy activation strengthens antigen presentation and augments the antigen-specific immune responses of the aluminum hydroxide nanovaccine.
淋巴结(LN)靶向和抗原呈递细胞(APC)的抗原呈递是影响肿瘤疫苗诱导的免疫反应的关键因素。自噬激活可促进抗原呈递细胞中的 MHC I 类和 II 类抗原呈递。为了增强 LN 中的抗原呈递,我们开发了一种氢氧化铝纳米疫苗,它通过逐层静电作用同时结合了自噬激活肽 Beclin-1 和抗原蛋白 OVA(B/O@AN 纳米疫苗)。B/O@AN 的粒径约为 80 纳米,皮下注射后可有效靶向淋巴结。Beclin-1肽与氢氧化铝纳米疫苗的结合可促进树突状细胞(DC)成熟。更重要的是,B/O@AN 通过促进溶酶体逸出和自噬诱导来促进抗原交叉呈递。免疫后,与不含Beclin-1的O/@AN相比,B/O@AN能显著增强抗原特异性细胞免疫反应,导致细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)、T-helper 1(Th1)细胞以及血清抗体水平的大幅提高,从而在预防和治疗过程中阻止黑色素瘤的发展和恶化。这些结果提供了证据,证明自噬激活可加强抗原递呈,并增强氢氧化铝纳米疫苗的抗原特异性免疫反应。
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引用次数: 0
Amniotic fluid stem cell extracellular vesicles promote lung development via TGF-beta modulation in a fetal rat model of oligohydramnios. 羊水干细胞胞外囊泡通过TGF-beta调节促进胎鼠少羊水模型的肺发育
IF 10.5 1区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.11.043
Fabian Doktor, Rebeca Lopes Figueira, Victoria Fortuna, George Biouss, Kaya Stasiewicz, Mikal Obed, Kasra Khalaj, Lina Antounians, Augusto Zani

Oligohydramnios (decreased amniotic fluid volume for gestational age) is a severe condition associated with high morbidity and mortality mainly due to fetal pulmonary hypoplasia. Currently, there are limited treatment options to promote fetal lung development. Administration of stem cells and their derivates have shown promising regenerative properties for several fetal and neonatal diseases related to arrested lung development. Herein, we first characterized pulmonary hypoplasia secondary to oligohydramnios in a surgical rat model. Experimental induction of oligohydramnios led to impaired lung growth, branching morphogenesis (fewer airspaces with decreased Fgf10, Nrp1, Ctnnb1 expression), proximal/distal progenitor cell patterning (decreased Sox2 and Sox9 expression), and TGF-β signaling. We then tested antenatal administration of extracellular vesicles derived from amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC-EVs). In oligohydramnios lungs, AFSC-EV administration improved lung branching morphogenesis and airway progenitor cell patterning at least in part through the release of miR-93-5p. Our experiments suggest that AFSC-EV miR-93-5p blocked SMAD 7, resulting in upregulation of pSMAD2/3 and restoration of TGF-β signaling. Conversely, oligohydramnios lungs treated with antagomir 93-5p transfected AFSC-EVs had decreased branching morphogenesis and TGF-β signaling. This is the first study reporting that antenatal administration of stem cell derivatives could be a potential therapy to rescue lung development in fetuses with oligohydramnios.

羊水过少(羊水量与胎龄不符)是一种严重的疾病,主要由于胎儿肺发育不良而导致高发病率和高死亡率。目前,促进胎儿肺部发育的治疗方案有限。干细胞及其衍生物对几种与肺发育停滞有关的胎儿和新生儿疾病具有良好的再生特性。在此,我们首次在手术大鼠模型中描述了少水胎儿继发肺发育不良的特征。实验性诱导少水妊娠导致肺生长、分支形态发生(气室减少,Fgf10、Nrp1、Ctnnb1 表达减少)、近端/远端祖细胞模式(Sox2 和 Sox9 表达减少)和 TGF-β 信号传导受损。然后,我们测试了产前服用羊水干细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡(AFSC-EVs)的情况。在羊水过少的肺中,AFSC-EV至少部分通过释放miR-93-5p改善了肺分支形态发生和气道祖细胞模式。我们的实验表明,AFSC-EV miR-93-5p 阻断了 SMAD 7,导致 pSMAD2/3 上调并恢复了 TGF-β 信号传导。相反,用转染了 antagomir 93-5p 的 AFSC-EV 处理的少水肿肺的分支形态发生和 TGF-β 信号转导均有所下降。这是首次报道产前服用干细胞衍生物可作为一种潜在疗法来挽救少水胎儿的肺发育。
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引用次数: 0
Synergistic in vivo anticancer effects of 1,7-heptanediol and doxorubicin co-loadedliposomes in highly aggressive breast cancer 1,7-庚二醇和多柔比星脂质体对高度侵袭性乳腺癌的体内协同抗癌作用。
IF 10.5 1区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.11.012
Muge Gu , Wei Yu , Sílvio Terra Stefanello , Jiayu Wang , Xiangqi Zhang , Yihui Zhang , Wenkai Zhang , Yuanye Guan , Victor Shahin , Yun Qian , Wei-En Yuan
Breast cancer holds the highest incidence rate among women. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent frontline drug for the treatment of breast cancer. The anticancer mechanisms of DOX include inducing immunogenic cell death in tumor cells, causing damage to tumor DNA, and generating free radicals. However, its pharmacological efficacy and wide use are restricted by its substantial dose-dependent side effects. We have recently revealed that 1,7-Heptanediol (1,7-Hept) severely impairs the bioenergetics and metabolism of aggressive human cancer cells. In the present work, we prepared liposomes co-loaded with DOX and 1,7-Hept (DOX/1,7-Hept-lipo) and assessed their potential synergistic anti-tumor effects. In vitro studies demonstrated that 4T1 cells (the mouse breast cancer cell) exhibited higher sensitivity to 1,7-Hept and DOX/1,7-Hept-lipo could induce ICD of 4T1 cells. Cell viability was markedly reduced when 4T1 cells were treated with a combination of DOX and 1,7-Hept. In a mouse breast cancer model, the DOX/1,7-Hept-lipo exhibited superior anti-tumor efficacy compared to liposomes loaded with individual drugs, resulting in almost total elimination of the tumors at lower doses of DOX with reduced systemic toxicity. Notably, the number of immune cells significantly increased in the tumor microenvironment, and macrophages were more transformed into the anti-tumor M1 phenotype. Our findings suggest strong synergistic anti-tumor effects of DOX and 1,7-Hept, enhancing the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy and mitigating the toxic side effects of DOX.
乳腺癌是女性发病率最高的癌症。多柔比星(DOX)是治疗乳腺癌的一线强效药物。DOX 的抗癌机制包括诱导肿瘤细胞免疫性死亡、对肿瘤 DNA 造成损伤以及产生自由基。然而,DOX 的药理作用和广泛应用却受到其巨大剂量依赖性副作用的限制。我们最近发现,1,7-庚二醇(1,7-Hept)会严重损害侵袭性人类癌细胞的生物能和新陈代谢。在本研究中,我们制备了共同负载 DOX 和 1,7-Hept 的脂质体(DOX/1,7-Hept-lipo),并评估了它们潜在的协同抗肿瘤效应。体外研究表明,4 T1细胞(小鼠乳腺癌细胞)对1,7-Hept具有更高的敏感性,而DOX/1,7-Hept-lipo可诱导4 T1细胞的ICD。用 DOX 和 1,7-Hept 组合处理 4 T1 细胞时,细胞活力明显降低。在小鼠乳腺癌模型中,DOX/1,7-Hept-lipo 的抗肿瘤疗效优于装载单种药物的脂质体,在使用较低剂量 DOX 的情况下就能几乎完全消除肿瘤,同时降低了全身毒性。值得注意的是,肿瘤微环境中的免疫细胞数量明显增加,巨噬细胞更多地转化为抗肿瘤的 M1 表型。我们的研究结果表明,DOX和1,7-Hept具有很强的协同抗肿瘤作用,能提高肿瘤免疫疗法的疗效,减轻DOX的毒副作用。
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引用次数: 0
In vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) development for long-acting injectable drug products based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) 基于聚乳酸-共聚乙二醇的长效注射剂的体外-体内相关性(IVIVC)开发。
IF 10.5 1区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.11.021
Yan Wang , Andrew Otte , Haesun Park , Kinam Park
In vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC), linking in vitro drug release to in vivo drug release or in vivo drug absorption, has been explored chiefly for oral extended-release dosage forms. Currently, there are no official guidelines on IVIVC development for non-oral drug delivery systems. Recently, many long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) have been developed to deliver various drugs, ranging from small molecules to peptides and proteins, for up to 6 months. The circumstances involved in the LAI formulations are drastically different from those in oral formulations, which generally deliver drugs for a maximum of 24 h. This article examines 37 IVIVC studies of PLGA microparticle formulations available in the literature. Understanding and establishing an IVIVC of LAI formulations requires more than merely plotting the percentage in vitro drug release against the percentage in vivo absorption. In vivo drug absorption (or release) should be measured to provide a complete pharmacokinetic profile when feasible. Accelerated in vitro release methods need to be respective of the real-time measurements by sharing the same release mechanism. Obtaining meaningful IVIVCs with predictive capability will be highly useful for future regulatory actions and for developing generic and new formulations.
体外体内相关性(IVIVC)是将体外药物释放与体内药物释放或体内药物吸收联系起来,主要针对口服缓释剂型进行了探索。目前,还没有关于非口服给药系统 IVIVC 开发的官方指南。最近,许多基于聚乳酸-聚乙二醇(PLGA)的长效注射剂(LAI)制剂被开发出来,可输送各种药物(从小分子到多肽和蛋白质)长达 6 个月。LAI制剂所涉及的环境与口服制剂截然不同,口服制剂一般最多只能给药24小时。本文研究了文献中有关 PLGA 微颗粒制剂的 37 项 IVIVC 研究。要了解和确定 LAI 制剂的 IVIVC,不仅仅需要将体外药物释放百分比与体内吸收百分比进行对比。在可行的情况下,应测量体内药物吸收(或释放)情况,以提供完整的药代动力学曲线。加速体外释放方法需要与实时测量方法共享相同的释放机制。获得有意义的、具有预测能力的 IVIVC 将对未来的监管行动以及仿制药和新制剂的开发非常有用。
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引用次数: 0
Subconjunctival injection of microcrystalline prodrug of dexamethasone for long-acting anti-inflammation after phacoemulsification surgery. 结膜下注射地塞米松微晶原药,用于超声乳化手术后的长效消炎。
IF 10.5 1区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.11.046
Xueyan Zhou, Zunkai Xu, Yanliang Dong, Maoyu Cai, Zhixia Chen, Jingqing Mu, Bo Yuan, Xia Hua, Xiaoyong Yuan, Shutao Guo

Long-acting injectable formulations of dexamethasone with minimal invasiveness are highly desired to manage chronic ocular inflammatory conditions. Here, we applied microcrystals (MCs) of a hydrophobic acetone-based ketal-linked prodrug of dexamethasone (SKD) to treat postoperative ocular inflammation. We compared the efficacy and safety of SKD MCs through subconjunctival (SC) injection with that of Maxidex (a topical suspension of dexamethasone MCs) through SC injection and eye drops in the phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation (Phaco-IOL) rabbit model. In Phaco-IOL rabbit eyes, a single SC injection of SKD MCs (0.4 mg dexamethasone equiv.) showed anti-inflammatory effects comparable to Maxidex eye drops and completely alleviated the inflammation within 28 days, while an SC injection of Maxidex at the same dose only provided anti-inflammatory effects for 7 days. The study on the dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects of SKD MCs showed no significant difference in anti-inflammatory effects for the high dosage (0.8 mg dexamethasone equiv.) and the low dosage (0.4 mg dexamethasone equiv.) in 28 days. Nevertheless, systematic drug distribution of SKD MCs and Maxidex in normal rabbits after SC injection demonstrates that the drug concentration in conjunctiva was higher for the high dosage and that a considerable amount of prodrug and dexamethasone could still be detected in the cornea and iris-ciliary body at least 84 days for SKD MCs at high dosage. Furthermore, no persistent elevated intraocular pressure and abnormality in retinal structure and thickness were observed, confirming the excellent safety of long-acting SKD MCs post-SC injection. Our findings provide valuable insights into using prodrug-based MCs for treating ocular postoperative inflammation, and the detailed drug distribution analysis would promote the clinical translation of these MCs in ocular diseases.

地塞米松的长效微创注射制剂非常适合用于治疗慢性眼部炎症。在此,我们应用疏水性丙酮基酮联地塞米松原药(SKD)的微晶(MCs)来治疗术后眼部炎症。我们比较了通过结膜下注射 SKD MCs 与通过结膜下注射和滴眼液的 Maxidex(地塞米松 MCs 局部混悬液)在超声乳化联合眼内人工晶体植入术(Phaco-IOL)兔模型中的疗效和安全性。在Phaco-IOL兔眼中,单次SKD MCs(0.4毫克地塞米松当量)皮下注射的抗炎效果与Maxidex滴眼液相当,并能在28天内完全缓解炎症,而相同剂量的Maxidex皮下注射仅能提供7天的抗炎效果。对 SKD MCs 抗炎作用剂量依赖性的研究表明,高剂量(0.8 毫克地塞米松当量)和低剂量(0.4 毫克地塞米松当量)的抗炎作用在 28 天内没有显著差异。不过,SKD MCs 和 Maxidex 在正常兔子体内经皮下注射后的系统药物分布情况表明,高剂量的药物在结膜中的浓度更高,而高剂量的 SKD MCs 至少在 84 天后仍可在角膜和虹膜睫状体中检测到相当数量的原药和地塞米松。此外,没有观察到持续的眼压升高以及视网膜结构和厚度异常,这证实了长效 SKD MCs 在注射 SC 后具有极佳的安全性。我们的研究结果为利用基于原药的MCs治疗眼部术后炎症提供了有价值的见解,详细的药物分布分析将促进这些MCs在眼科疾病中的临床转化。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the impact of commonly used ionizable and pegylated lipids on mRNA-LNPs: A combined in vitro and preclinical perspective 探索常用可离子化脂质和聚合脂质对 mRNA-LNPs 的影响:结合体外和临床前视角。
IF 10.5 1区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.11.010
Burcu Binici , Zahra Rattray , Assaf Zinger , Yvonne Perrie
Ionizable lipids are widely recognized as the crucial component of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). They enable mRNA encapsulation, shield it from enzymatic degradation, facilitate cellular uptake, and foster its cytosolic release for subsequent translation into proteins. In addition, PEGylated lipids are added to stabilize the particles in storage and in vivo. In this study, we investigate the potency of LNPs prepared using commonly adopted ionizable and pegylated lipids in vitro (using HEK293 cells) and in vivo (mouse studies) to consider the impact of structure on potency. LNPs were prepared using a fixed molar ratio of DSPC: Cholesterol: ionizable/cationic lipid: PEG lipid (10:38.5:50:1.5 mol%). All LNP formulations exhibited similar critical quality attributes (CQAs), including particle size <100 nm, low PDI (<0.2), near-neutral zeta potential, and high encapsulation efficiency (>90%). However, the potency of these LNPs, as measured by in vitro mRNA expression and in vivo expression following intramuscular injection in mice varied significantly. LNPs formulated with SM-102 exhibited the highest expression in vitro, whilst in vivo SM-102 and ALC-0315 LNPs showed significantly higher mRNA expression than DLin-MC3-DMA (MC3), DODAP and DOTAP LNPs. We also investigated the effect of PEG lipid choice (ALC-0159, DMG-PEG2k, and DSPE-PEG2k), which did not impact LNP CQAs, nor their clearance from the injection site. However, PEG lipid choice significantly influenced mRNA expression with the incorporation of DSPE-PEG2k reducing expression. This work contributes valuable insights to the evolving landscape of mRNA research, emphasizing that CQAs are a marker of the quality of the LNP production process, but not discriminatory regarding LNP potency. Similarly, standard in vitro studies do not provide insights into in vivo potency. These results further emphasize the intricacies of formulation design and the importance of bridging gaps between experimental outcomes in different settings.
可电离脂质被广泛认为是脂质纳米颗粒(LNPs)的重要组成部分。它们能封装 mRNA,防止其被酶降解,促进细胞吸收,并促进其在细胞内释放,以便随后翻译成蛋白质。此外,还添加了 PEG 化脂类,以稳定颗粒在储存和体内的状态。在本研究中,我们调查了使用常用的可离子化和聚乙二醇化脂类制备的 LNPs 在体外(使用 HEK293 细胞)和体内(小鼠研究)的效力,以考虑结构对效力的影响。LNPs 采用固定摩尔比的 DSPC 制备:胆固醇:可离子化/阳离子脂质:PEG 脂质(10,38.5:50:1.5 摩尔%)。所有 LNP 制剂都表现出相似的关键质量属性(CQA),包括粒径 90%)。然而,根据体外 mRNA 表达和小鼠肌肉注射后体内表达的情况来衡量,这些 LNPs 的效力差异很大。用 SM-102 配制的 LNPs 体外表达量最高,而体内 SM-102 和 ALC-0315 LNPs 的 mRNA 表达量明显高于 DLin-MC3-DMA、DODAP 和 DOTAP LNPs。我们还研究了 PEG 脂质选择(ALC-0159、DMG-PEG2k 和 DSPE-PEG2k)的影响,这不会影响 LNP 的 CQAs,也不会影响它们从注射部位的清除。然而,PEG 脂质的选择会显著影响 mRNA 的表达,DSPE-PEG2k 的加入会降低体外和体内的表达。这项工作为不断发展的 mRNA 研究提供了宝贵的见解,强调了 CQAs 是 LNP 生产过程质量的标志,而不是 LNP 效力的判别标准。同样,标准的体外研究也不能深入了解体内效力。这些结果进一步强调了制剂设计的复杂性以及弥合不同环境下实验结果之间差距的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Gut commensal bacteria Parabacteroides goldsteinii-derived outer membrane vesicles suppress skin inflammation in psoriasis 肠道共生菌 Parabacteroides goldsteini 产生的外膜囊泡可抑制银屑病的皮肤炎症。
IF 10.5 1区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.11.014
Dandan Su , Manchun Li , Yuedong Xie , Zhanxue Xu , Guowen Lv , Yaming Jiu , Jingxiong Lin , Chih-Jung Chang , Hongbo Chen , Fang Cheng
Despite gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) serving as pivotal mediators in bacteria-host cell interactions, their potential role in modulating skin inflammation remains poorly understood. Here, we developed strategies for mass production of Parabacteroides goldsteinii-derived outer membrane vesicles (Pg OMVs), commonly known as EVs. We found that orally administered Pg OMVs can reach the colon, traverse the intestinal barrier, and circulate to the inflamed skin of psoriasis-like mice, resulting in reduced epidermal hyperplasia, suppressed infiltration of inflammatory cells in the skin lesions, and effective amelioration of both skin and systemic inflammation. Additionally, subcutaneous injection of thermosensitive PF-127 hydrogel loaded with Pg OMVs exerts similar immunomodulatory effects, allowing sustained release of Pg OMVs into skin cells, effectively suppressing skin inflammation and ameliorating symptoms of psoriasis. This study unveils the importance of gut microbiota-derived OMVs, which can target inflamed skin via both the gut-skin axis and local skin administration, providing a promising alternative to live bacteria therapy for the treatment of skin inflammatory diseases.
尽管肠道微生物群衍生的细胞外囊泡(EVs)是细菌与宿主细胞相互作用的关键介质,但人们对它们在调节皮肤炎症中的潜在作用仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们开发了大规模生产金丝桃酵母菌衍生的外膜囊泡 (OMVs)(俗称 EVs)的策略。我们发现,口服 Pg OMVs 可以到达结肠,穿过肠道屏障,并循环到银屑病样小鼠的炎症皮肤,从而减少表皮增生,抑制皮损处炎症细胞的浸润,并有效改善皮肤和全身炎症。此外,皮下注射含有 Pg OMVs 的热敏 PF-127 水凝胶也能产生类似的免疫调节作用,使 Pg OMVs 持续释放到皮肤细胞中,有效抑制皮肤炎症,改善银屑病症状。这项研究揭示了肠道微生物群衍生的OMVs的重要性,它可以通过肠道-皮肤轴和局部皮肤给药靶向发炎的皮肤,为治疗皮肤炎症性疾病提供了一种替代活菌疗法的可行方法。
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引用次数: 0
Dual-responsive nanoparticles for enhanced drug delivery in breast Cancer chemotherapy 用于增强乳腺癌化疗药物输送的双响应纳米粒子。
IF 10.5 1区 医学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.11.026
Yuxin Ren , Peishan Li , Ying Xie , Jiarui Xu , Qian Luo , Ming Chen , Rui Liu , Hexuan Feng , Yuling Chen , Yixuan Liu , Chunjie Bao , Jialun Duan , Jianwei Li , Wanliang Lu
Drug delivery efficiency often affects chemotherapy outcome due to dense collagen barrier in tumor environment. Here, we report a nanoparticle capable of pH and glutathione dual-responsive drug delivery to enhance the efficacy of breast cancer chemotherapy. Maleiminated polyethylene glycol and polylactide block copolymer were synthesized as a core material, doxorubicin was encapsulated into the nanoparticle by self-assembly. Thiocollagenase and maleimide were connected on the nanoparticle surface by click chemistry, and further coated with chondroitin sulfate as a protective layer to form dual-responsive doxorubicin nanoparticle. The results showed that the nanoparticle had the ability to penetrate deep tumor tissue, to target on CD44 of cancer cell, and to release doxorubicin in cancer cell in response to pH and glutathione signals, demonstrating superior anticancer efficacy in breast cancer-bearing mice. In conclusion, the dual-responsive nanoparticle could be used as a drug carrier to enhance drug delivery in breast cancer chemotherapy.
由于肿瘤环境中存在致密的胶原屏障,给药效率往往会影响化疗效果。在此,我们报告了一种能够实现 pH 和谷胱甘肽双响应给药的纳米粒子,以提高乳腺癌化疗的疗效。我们合成了马来酰亚胺化聚乙二醇和聚乳酸嵌段共聚物作为核心材料,并通过自组装将多柔比星封装到纳米粒子中。通过点击化学将硫代胶原酶和马来酰亚胺连接到纳米粒子表面,并进一步包覆硫酸软骨素作为保护层,形成双响应多柔比星纳米粒子。结果表明,该纳米粒子能穿透肿瘤深层组织,靶向癌细胞的 CD44,并能在 pH 和谷胱甘肽信号的作用下在癌细胞中释放多柔比星,在乳腺癌小鼠中显示出卓越的抗癌功效。总之,双响应纳米粒子可用作药物载体,在乳腺癌化疗中增强给药效果。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Controlled Release
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