Yuchen Han, Haojiang Huang, Riten Mitra, Huirong Hu, Subhadip Pal, Craig J McClain, K B Kulasekera, Maiying Kong
Objectives: To examine the prevalence and treatment utilization of patients diagnosed with Depression and Anxiety Disorders (DAD) based on Kentucky Medicaid 2012-2019 datasets.
Methods: The study was based on Kentucky Medicaid claims data from 2012 through 2019 for patients 14 years and older. We constructed yearly patient-level databases using ICD_9 CM and ICD_10 CM codes to identify the patients with DAD, using the Current Procedure Terminology (CPT) codes to identify individual psychotherapy and group psychotherapy and using the National drug codes to categorize pharmacotherapy. Based on these data, we constructed summary tables that reflected the trends in prevalence of DAD across eight Kentucky Medicaid regions and for different demographic subgroups. Next, we implemented logistic regression on the constructed yearly patient-level data to formally assess the impact of risk factors and treatments on the prevalence of DAD. The potential risk factors included age, gender, race/ethnicity, geographic characteristics, comorbidities such as alcohol use disorder and tobacco use.
Results: The prevalence of DAD increased from 30.84% in 2012 to 36.04% in 2019. The prevalence of DAD was significantly higher in patients with the following characteristics: non-Hispanic white, females, aged between 45 and 54 years old, living in rural areas, having alcohol use disorder, and using tobaccos. Other than 2013, the utilization of pharmacotherapy maintained at about 62%. The utilization of psychotherapy increased over years from 24.4% in 2012 to 36.5% in 2019. Overall, the utilization of any treatment slightly increased from 70.9% in 2012 to 73.3% in 2019 except a drastic decline in 2013 due to the reduction of benzodiazepine prescription. Patients being whites, females, and living in rural areas were more likely to use pharmacotherapy, and patients living in rural areas were less likely to use psychotherapy than those residing in urban areas.
Conclusion: The prevalence of DAD has increased over time from 2012 to 2019. The utilization of pharmacotherapy maintained at 62% over eight years except 2013, and the utilization of psychotherapy has steadily increased over time.
{"title":"Prevalence and Treatment Utilization of Patients Diagnosed with Depression and Anxiety Disorders Based on Kentucky Medicaid 2012-2019 Datasets.","authors":"Yuchen Han, Haojiang Huang, Riten Mitra, Huirong Hu, Subhadip Pal, Craig J McClain, K B Kulasekera, Maiying Kong","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the prevalence and treatment utilization of patients diagnosed with Depression and Anxiety Disorders (DAD) based on Kentucky Medicaid 2012-2019 datasets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was based on Kentucky Medicaid claims data from 2012 through 2019 for patients 14 years and older. We constructed yearly patient-level databases using ICD_9 CM and ICD_10 CM codes to identify the patients with DAD, using the Current Procedure Terminology (CPT) codes to identify individual psychotherapy and group psychotherapy and using the National drug codes to categorize pharmacotherapy. Based on these data, we constructed summary tables that reflected the trends in prevalence of DAD across eight Kentucky Medicaid regions and for different demographic subgroups. Next, we implemented logistic regression on the constructed yearly patient-level data to formally assess the impact of risk factors and treatments on the prevalence of DAD. The potential risk factors included age, gender, race/ethnicity, geographic characteristics, comorbidities such as alcohol use disorder and tobacco use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of DAD increased from 30.84% in 2012 to 36.04% in 2019. The prevalence of DAD was significantly higher in patients with the following characteristics: non-Hispanic white, females, aged between 45 and 54 years old, living in rural areas, having alcohol use disorder, and using tobaccos. Other than 2013, the utilization of pharmacotherapy maintained at about 62%. The utilization of psychotherapy increased over years from 24.4% in 2012 to 36.5% in 2019. Overall, the utilization of any treatment slightly increased from 70.9% in 2012 to 73.3% in 2019 except a drastic decline in 2013 due to the reduction of benzodiazepine prescription. Patients being whites, females, and living in rural areas were more likely to use pharmacotherapy, and patients living in rural areas were less likely to use psychotherapy than those residing in urban areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of DAD has increased over time from 2012 to 2019. The utilization of pharmacotherapy maintained at 62% over eight years except 2013, and the utilization of psychotherapy has steadily increased over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":15532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of depression & anxiety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10427139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10022057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Association Between Gratitude and Depression: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"J. Iodice, J. Malouff, N. Schutte","doi":"10.25952/5FD2FA542F5C3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25952/5FD2FA542F5C3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of depression & anxiety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79770920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Submission Anxiety: ORCID, Publons, Cabell's, APC, Index Factor, Open Access, \"Predatory\" and Wait Time (As Well as Other Things)","authors":"M. Shaughnessy","doi":"10.46527/2582-3264.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46527/2582-3264.132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of depression & anxiety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78726778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created unprecedented situations. The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a world-wide pandemic in March of 2020 [1]. The Covid-19 pandemic has alarming implications for individuals’ mental health as well as emotional and social functioning [2]. The psychological and social implications of the pandemic relate to significant challenges, uncertainty, and disruption in the lives of many people on a global scale.
{"title":"The Role of Pets in the Mental Health Implications of the COVD-19 Pandemic","authors":"Effie Heotis","doi":"10.46527/2582-3264.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46527/2582-3264.131","url":null,"abstract":"The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created unprecedented situations. The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a world-wide pandemic in March of 2020 [1]. The Covid-19 pandemic has alarming implications for individuals’ mental health as well as emotional and social functioning [2]. The psychological and social implications of the pandemic relate to significant challenges, uncertainty, and disruption in the lives of many people on a global scale.","PeriodicalId":15532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of depression & anxiety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78570016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Anxiety and stress are prevalent across the globe. The Purna Health Management System (PHMS), named for its creator Dr. Professor Svami Purna, provides a promising approach to managing anxiety and stress, using four key factors in a holistic integrated method: Health, Fitness and Nutrition (HF&N), Life Balance (Stress Management) (LB-SM), Spiritual Growth and Development (SG&D) and Living in Harmony with the Natural Environment to Support Health (LHWNE). Objective: To determine which of the four key factors of the PHMS correlate to participants’ overall stress, stress management and mental/emotional health outcomes and which practices are helpful in managing stress and anxiety. Methods: This was a cross-sectional mixed-methods study using an online anonymous survey with a non-clinical sample. Students of Dr. Professor Svami Purna were invited via email to participate in the study during a 12-month period in 20172018. Of the 253 approached, 60 responded to the survey. Spearman’s Rho Correlation coefficient was used for analysis. Results: There were moderate relationships (p <.001) between participants' frequent implementation of the PHMS four key factors and ability to manage stress (HF&N rs = 0.44; LB-SM rs = 0.55; SG&D rs = 0.39; LHWNE rs = 0.55) and self-reported mental/emotional health (HF&N rs = 0.42; LB-SM rs = 0.54; SG&D rs = 0.49; LHWNE rs = 0.45). Illustrative quotes from qualitative data indicated being in nature, contemplation, introspection, mantra, meditation, pranayama and reflection are helpful practices for managing stress and anxiety. Conclusion: The PHMS may help clients to self-manage anxiety and stress.
{"title":"Managing Anxiety and Stress Holistically: Vedic Wisdom from the Purna Health Management System","authors":"Emily K. Schulz","doi":"10.46527/2582-3264.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46527/2582-3264.130","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anxiety and stress are prevalent across the globe. The Purna Health Management System (PHMS), named for its creator Dr. Professor Svami Purna, provides a promising approach to managing anxiety and stress, using four key factors in a holistic integrated method: Health, Fitness and Nutrition (HF&N), Life Balance (Stress Management) (LB-SM), Spiritual Growth and Development (SG&D) and Living in Harmony with the Natural Environment to Support Health (LHWNE). Objective: To determine which of the four key factors of the PHMS correlate to participants’ overall stress, stress management and mental/emotional health outcomes and which practices are helpful in managing stress and anxiety. Methods: This was a cross-sectional mixed-methods study using an online anonymous survey with a non-clinical sample. Students of Dr. Professor Svami Purna were invited via email to participate in the study during a 12-month period in 20172018. Of the 253 approached, 60 responded to the survey. Spearman’s Rho Correlation coefficient was used for analysis. Results: There were moderate relationships (p <.001) between participants' frequent implementation of the PHMS four key factors and ability to manage stress (HF&N rs = 0.44; LB-SM rs = 0.55; SG&D rs = 0.39; LHWNE rs = 0.55) and self-reported mental/emotional health (HF&N rs = 0.42; LB-SM rs = 0.54; SG&D rs = 0.49; LHWNE rs = 0.45). Illustrative quotes from qualitative data indicated being in nature, contemplation, introspection, mantra, meditation, pranayama and reflection are helpful practices for managing stress and anxiety. Conclusion: The PHMS may help clients to self-manage anxiety and stress.","PeriodicalId":15532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of depression & anxiety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87888498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.410
Ndukwu Eric-Chima
This study examines the effect of Corona virus pandemic on psychological state of students in south-Eastern Nigeria. Three research questions and three null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Ex-post facto research design was adopted to study a sample of 303 University students who accepted to be part of this study. One trial tested instrument with three clusters, covering; depression, anxiety and academic success was used for data collection. Data obtained with the instrument were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and t-test. The findings revealed that Corona virus pandemic has caused anxiety and depression to many students. It was also found that Covid-19 has a devastating effect on the psychological state and academic success of students. It was also discovered that Covid-19 has slightly different effect on males and females. Among other things, the educational implication of this study is that, psychological state is essential for academic success. It was recommended that Corona virus pandemic should be dealt with so that students can focus on their study without anxiety and depression.
{"title":"Impact of Corona Virus Pandemic on the Psychological State and Academic Success of Students","authors":"Ndukwu Eric-Chima","doi":"10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.410","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the effect of Corona virus pandemic on psychological state of students in south-Eastern Nigeria. Three research questions and three null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Ex-post facto research design was adopted to study a sample of 303 University students who accepted to be part of this study. One trial tested instrument with three clusters, covering; depression, anxiety and academic success was used for data collection. Data obtained with the instrument were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and t-test. The findings revealed that Corona virus pandemic has caused anxiety and depression to many students. It was also found that Covid-19 has a devastating effect on the psychological state and academic success of students. It was also discovered that Covid-19 has slightly different effect on males and females. Among other things, the educational implication of this study is that, psychological state is essential for academic success. It was recommended that Corona virus pandemic should be dealt with so that students can focus on their study without anxiety and depression.","PeriodicalId":15532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of depression & anxiety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74666187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.400
V. Seshadri
{"title":"Depression after Surgery in Patients","authors":"V. Seshadri","doi":"10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.400","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of depression & anxiety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91390110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.430
Edward Smith
{"title":"Neurological Manifestation Issues in Patients with COVID-19 Infection","authors":"Edward Smith","doi":"10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of depression & anxiety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90787654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.401
V. Sowmya
{"title":"Depression Disorder in Children Now-a-Days","authors":"V. Sowmya","doi":"10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.401","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of depression & anxiety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78271689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.405
Arben Hysenaj
Introduction: SARS-COVID-19 now is known as a pandemic and planetary widespread virus, and there is little known about the impact of this pandemic on people's health. This study aims to investigate the cognitive distortion (ourselves, self-blame, and about the world) among infected people from SARS-COVID-19. Methodology: Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted among 18 interviewees. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed via Grounded Theory approach. Results: Findings indicate that infected people from SARS-COVID-19 show cognitive distortions about the world, about themselves, and self-blame. Conclusions: There should be a focus on decreasing the cognitive distortion among infected people, to avoid psychological disorders and behavior deviation that can come up from cognitive distortions. Policymakers, health experts should pay attention to cognitive changes among infected people. They should offer projects and strategies for supporting infected people from SARS-COVID-19.
{"title":"Cognitive Distortion among Infected Patients from COVID-19- A Qualitative Analysis","authors":"Arben Hysenaj","doi":"10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-1044.21.10.405","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: SARS-COVID-19 now is known as a pandemic and planetary widespread virus, and there is little known about the impact of this pandemic on people's health. This study aims to investigate the cognitive distortion (ourselves, self-blame, and about the world) among infected people from SARS-COVID-19. Methodology: Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted among 18 interviewees. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed via Grounded Theory approach. Results: Findings indicate that infected people from SARS-COVID-19 show cognitive distortions about the world, about themselves, and self-blame. Conclusions: There should be a focus on decreasing the cognitive distortion among infected people, to avoid psychological disorders and behavior deviation that can come up from cognitive distortions. Policymakers, health experts should pay attention to cognitive changes among infected people. They should offer projects and strategies for supporting infected people from SARS-COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":15532,"journal":{"name":"Journal of depression & anxiety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84227277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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