This research work focuses on carbon footprinting the operations of a township post office in a developing country. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the Universal Postal Union’s guidelines for carbon accounting. The results showed that for the inventory year, the office’s carbon footprint was 13.3423 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e). It was found that for each gram of parcel delivered, 0.0171 kgCO2e was emitted into the atmosphere. Results further showed that 82 % of emission is attributed to delivery of mails while 18 % is as a result of sorting and other minor activities within the facility.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF CARBON FOOTPRINTS OF A TYPICAL NIGERIAN TOWNSHIP POST OFFICE: A CASE STUDY OF KAFANCHAN DISTRICT POST OFFICE, KAFANCHAN, NIGERIA","authors":"Richard Balthi Msheli̇a, Funsho Babarinde","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v27i1.254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v27i1.254","url":null,"abstract":"This research work focuses on carbon footprinting the operations of a township post office in a developing country. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the Universal Postal Union’s guidelines for carbon accounting. The results showed that for the inventory year, the office’s carbon footprint was 13.3423 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e). It was found that for each gram of parcel delivered, 0.0171 kgCO2e was emitted into the atmosphere. Results further showed that 82 % of emission is attributed to delivery of mails while 18 % is as a result of sorting and other minor activities within the facility.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46055909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study evaluates the effect of ceramic raw materials on the physical properties of ceramic tiles with a view to determine the tiles with the best material blend. Ten different blends of clay – feldspar – silica was used to produce ceramic samples. The results show that sample with 60 % clay, 30 % feldspar and 10% silica have the best water absorption (10.43%) and apparent porosity (22.77 %); while sample with 60 % clay, 20 % feldspar and 20 % silica exhibits the highest apparent relative density of 2.79. Sample with 50 % clay, 40 % feldspar and 10 % silica possesses the best bulk density of 1.43 g/cm3. Conclusively, the ceramic sample produced can be useful in the production of wall tiles.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF RAW MATERIALS ON SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF OSUN STATE CERAMIC TILES","authors":"O. Abiola, A. Oke, B. Omidiji, D. Adetan","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v27i1.246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v27i1.246","url":null,"abstract":"The study evaluates the effect of ceramic raw materials on the physical properties of ceramic tiles with a view to determine the tiles with the best material blend. Ten different blends of clay – feldspar – silica was used to produce ceramic samples. The results show that sample with 60 % clay, 30 % feldspar and 10% silica have the best water absorption (10.43%) and apparent porosity (22.77 %); while sample with 60 % clay, 20 % feldspar and 20 % silica exhibits the highest apparent relative density of 2.79. Sample with 50 % clay, 40 % feldspar and 10 % silica possesses the best bulk density of 1.43 g/cm3. Conclusively, the ceramic sample produced can be useful in the production of wall tiles.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49056488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research status and the study of vibratory working tools used in tillage operations are discussed in this paper. At this moment, one of the most critical issues for the engineers and manufacturers is to achieve the highest efficiency with the least resources needed. Various studies by researchers on vibratory working tool styles and models have been taken into account. A study was then conducted to ascertain the advantages of vibratory equipment over rigid equipment. A finite element process study was also conducted on one active working tool to observe specific deformations and displacements. Draft forces ranging from 440 to 750 N were used in the study. According to prior studies, the angle of attack after the forces have been applied should not exceed 80 degrees.
{"title":"FORCES AND DISPLACEMENTS DISTRIBUTION AFTER FEM ANALYSIS OF VIBRATORY WORKING TOOL","authors":"N. Gheorghita","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v27i1.250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v27i1.250","url":null,"abstract":"The research status and the study of vibratory working tools used in tillage operations are discussed in this paper. At this moment, one of the most critical issues for the engineers and manufacturers is to achieve the highest efficiency with the least resources needed. Various studies by researchers on vibratory working tool styles and models have been taken into account. A study was then conducted to ascertain the advantages of vibratory equipment over rigid equipment. A finite element process study was also conducted on one active working tool to observe specific deformations and displacements. Draft forces ranging from 440 to 750 N were used in the study. According to prior studies, the angle of attack after the forces have been applied should not exceed 80 degrees.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44159389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Ciubotariu, C. Radu, C. Grigoras, E. Herghelegiu
New products based on a structure that represents a combination of known elements in a higher quality set, as well as products that refer to new shapes, new curves, new surfaces can be obtained logically - analytically - deductively or by methods specific to the optimal calculation. The present paper focuses on the method of analyzing tridimensional morphology, some possible solutions being evaluated on value criteria. Of course, these methods can be applied in the field of engineering with very good results. The focus of this study is to obtain new thin walled tubular structures - such as car crash members - which in the case of axial shock loads have a higher predictable behavior compared to those already used in various technical fields. Following the study, it can be said that depending on the amount of absorbed energy in the case of axial collisions and the absorption of kinetic energy developed at the time of impact, the optimal crashworthiness solution could be tubular structures with a circular support base and rectangular deformable area for impact.
{"title":"OBTAINING NEW THIN WALLED TUBULAR STRUCTURES THROUGH MATRIX MORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH","authors":"V. Ciubotariu, C. Radu, C. Grigoras, E. Herghelegiu","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v27i1.249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v27i1.249","url":null,"abstract":"New products based on a structure that represents a combination of known elements in a higher quality set, as well as products that refer to new shapes, new curves, new surfaces can be obtained logically - analytically - deductively or by methods specific to the optimal calculation. The present paper focuses on the method of analyzing tridimensional morphology, some possible solutions being evaluated on value criteria. Of course, these methods can be applied in the field of engineering with very good results. The focus of this study is to obtain new thin walled tubular structures - such as car crash members - which in the case of axial shock loads have a higher predictable behavior compared to those already used in various technical fields. Following the study, it can be said that depending on the amount of absorbed energy in the case of axial collisions and the absorption of kinetic energy developed at the time of impact, the optimal crashworthiness solution could be tubular structures with a circular support base and rectangular deformable area for impact.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42730885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Moșneguțu, V. Nedeff, A. Chițimuș, M. Jasiński, N. Bârsan
This article presents a method for determining the Riley circularity evaluation, a characteristic that defines the shape of a solid particle. To determine this parameter, a working methodology was identified by using Mathcad. To verify this methodology 15 anthracite particles were inserted in the working file, the shape of which is different, to determine the analyzed characteristic.
{"title":"SOLID PARTICLE CHARACTERIZATION. SOME ASPECT RELATED TO THE SHAPE EVALUATION BY USING SOFTWARE CORRELATIONS","authors":"E. Moșneguțu, V. Nedeff, A. Chițimuș, M. Jasiński, N. Bârsan","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v27i1.253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v27i1.253","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a method for determining the Riley circularity evaluation, a characteristic that defines the shape of a solid particle. To determine this parameter, a working methodology was identified by using Mathcad. To verify this methodology 15 anthracite particles were inserted in the working file, the shape of which is different, to determine the analyzed characteristic.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44762355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, monitoring the effect of packaging type and storage temperature on the short term stability of calibration standard solution KCl 1 M were conducted. The KCl 1M were packaged in two types of packaging i.e., high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and glass bottle. The effects of packaging type and storage temperature were monitored for four weeks at 25 °C and 40 °C. The conductivity values of KCl 1 M in the HDPE and glass bottle were 111.61 mS/cm and 111.62 mS/cm, respectively. The results indicated that the KCl 1M solution at 25 °C in both HDPE and glass bottle were found to be good in short term stability and there was no significant different between the two packaging types. At temperature of 40 °C, however, short term stability of the KCl 1 M in a glass bottle was better than the HDPE bottle.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF PACKAGING TYPE AND STORAGE TEMPERATURE ON THE SHORT TERM STABILITY OF ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTIVITY REFERENCE MATERIALS","authors":"A. Hindayani, Oman Zuas, N. Hamim","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v27i1.251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v27i1.251","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, monitoring the effect of packaging type and storage temperature on the short term stability of calibration standard solution KCl 1 M were conducted. The KCl 1M were packaged in two types of packaging i.e., high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and glass bottle. The effects of packaging type and storage temperature were monitored for four weeks at 25 °C and 40 °C. The conductivity values of KCl 1 M in the HDPE and glass bottle were 111.61 mS/cm and 111.62 mS/cm, respectively. The results indicated that the KCl 1M solution at 25 °C in both HDPE and glass bottle were found to be good in short term stability and there was no significant different between the two packaging types. At temperature of 40 °C, however, short term stability of the KCl 1 M in a glass bottle was better than the HDPE bottle.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41986239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, an intelligent control system technique is proposed to model and control of a nonlinear coupled three tank system. Two pumps fed the tank 1 and tank 2 and a fractional flow of these two pumps fed tank 3. The main aim of this paper is to make a set point tracking experiments of the tanks level using a nonlinear autoregressive moving average L-2 (NARMA L-2) and neural network predictive controllers. The proposed controllers are designed with the same neural network architecture and algorithm. Comparison of the system with the proposed controllers for tracking a step and random level set points for a fixed and variable flow parameter and some good results have been obtained.
{"title":"INTELLIGENT LIQUID LEVEL CONTROL OF A COUPLED NONLINEAR THREE TANK SYSTEM SUBJECTED TO VARIABLE FLOW PARAMETERS","authors":"Mustefa Jibril, Messay Tadese, N. Hassen","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v27i1.252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v27i1.252","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an intelligent control system technique is proposed to model and control of a nonlinear coupled three tank system. Two pumps fed the tank 1 and tank 2 and a fractional flow of these two pumps fed tank 3. The main aim of this paper is to make a set point tracking experiments of the tanks level using a nonlinear autoregressive moving average L-2 (NARMA L-2) and neural network predictive controllers. The proposed controllers are designed with the same neural network architecture and algorithm. Comparison of the system with the proposed controllers for tracking a step and random level set points for a fixed and variable flow parameter and some good results have been obtained.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69683307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effects of wood and non-wood fibres reinforcement on the properties of Plaster of Paris were evaluated. The woody and non woody residues were varied in 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 % of the whole mix while the Plaster of Paris used was in the ratio 100 (control), 90, 80, 70, 60, and 50 %. The mean density of the composite produced is 3250 kg/m3. The mean thickness swelling and water absorption after 2 and 24 hours were 0.84 % and 0.88 %, and 13.8 % and 16.2 % respectively. The MOR and MOE increased with increase in fibre content hence the composite is suitable for indoor applications.
{"title":"PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD AND NON-WOOD PLASTER OF PARIS BONDED COMPOSITE CEILING BOARDS","authors":"T. Omoniyi, Kenny Ajobiewe","doi":"10.22178/pos.58-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22178/pos.58-9","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of wood and non-wood fibres reinforcement on the properties of Plaster of Paris were evaluated. The woody and non woody residues were varied in 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 % of the whole mix while the Plaster of Paris used was in the ratio 100 (control), 90, 80, 70, 60, and 50 %. The mean density of the composite produced is 3250 kg/m3. The mean thickness swelling and water absorption after 2 and 24 hours were 0.84 % and 0.88 %, and 13.8 % and 16.2 % respectively. The MOR and MOE increased with increase in fibre content hence the composite is suitable for indoor applications.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46755496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the high potential of improving efficiency and productivity in machining operations, the automated cutting tools selection and the optimization of cutting parameters has been an area of high interest for many researchers in the frame of CAPP systems development. Through the work presented in this paper an automated cutting tools selection algorithm for roughing and finishing turning has been realized. An example for turning of the outer rings for large-size single row cylindrical roller bearings has been presented to illustrate the application of the proposed algorithm and analyze the results.
{"title":"AUTOMATED CUTTING TOOLS SELECTION FOR BEARINGS COMPONENTS TURNING PROCESS","authors":"Dan George Prutica, G. Brabie, B. Chirita","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v26i1.352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v26i1.352","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the high potential of improving efficiency and productivity in machining operations, the automated cutting tools selection and the optimization of cutting parameters has been an area of high interest for many researchers in the frame of CAPP systems development. Through the work presented in this paper an automated cutting tools selection algorithm for roughing and finishing turning has been realized. An example for turning of the outer rings for large-size single row cylindrical roller bearings has been presented to illustrate the application of the proposed algorithm and analyze the results.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41310575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined electricity consumption in a Nigeria township with a view of understanding the challenges faced by electricity consumers and to proffer practicable suggestions for sustainable electricity supply. Major findings emanating from the study show that 26.7 % of respondents acknowledged the electricity supply through the electricity service provider (ESP). Again, 71 % of respondents relied on electricity through the alternative’s sources complementing ESP services. Furthermore, 75 % of respondents confirmed a temporal supply of 5 hours daily representing 20 % daily electricity supply. In another dimension, in terms of billing, 62.4 % received estimated electricity bills as many homes are without electricity meters. Finally, this study revealed some planning and policy implications and provided recommendations through which electricity consumption in the state could be improved upon.
{"title":"INVESTIGATING ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"B. Bamidele, O. Omowumi, O. Nathaniel","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v26i1.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v26i1.344","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined electricity consumption in a Nigeria township with a view of understanding the challenges faced by electricity consumers and to proffer practicable suggestions for sustainable electricity supply. Major findings emanating from the study show that 26.7 % of respondents acknowledged the electricity supply through the electricity service provider (ESP). Again, 71 % of respondents relied on electricity through the alternative’s sources complementing ESP services. Furthermore, 75 % of respondents confirmed a temporal supply of 5 hours daily representing 20 % daily electricity supply. In another dimension, in terms of billing, 62.4 % received estimated electricity bills as many homes are without electricity meters. Finally, this study revealed some planning and policy implications and provided recommendations through which electricity consumption in the state could be improved upon.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46224249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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