A geological study of the Kipala region, in the "Cuvette Centrale" of the Democratic Republic of Congo, has identified two groups of shales: the dark greasy facies, interbedded with the brownish-gray facies. Their high Total Organic Carbon (TOC) content (11 % TOC on average for the dark greasy shales, compared with 8 % for the second group) classifies them as very good hydrocarbon source rocks, according to the criteria of Epistalie et al. Field and laboratory data suggest that the rocks studied were deposited in a lagoon connected to the sea by an intermittently closing channel.
{"title":"CONTRIBUTION OF PETROGRAPHIC AND GEOCHEMICAL ANALYSES OF THE KIPALA SHALE (CENTRAL BASIN, DRC) TO THE ASSESSMENT OF ITS POTENTIAL AS A HYDROCARBON SOURCE ROCK","authors":"Djonive Munene Asidi, Fleury Simbungu Angboko, Thomas Kanika Mayena, Ruth Ilunga Mulaji, Ange Thijenira Loketo, Frederic Makoka Mwanza, Levesque Makuku Mbo, Rachidi Opuluku, Jean Iyolo Lungembo","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v29i4.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v29i4.003","url":null,"abstract":"A geological study of the Kipala region, in the \"Cuvette Centrale\" of the Democratic Republic of Congo, has identified two groups of shales: the dark greasy facies, interbedded with the brownish-gray facies. Their high Total Organic Carbon (TOC) content (11 % TOC on average for the dark greasy shales, compared with 8 % for the second group) classifies them as very good hydrocarbon source rocks, according to the criteria of Epistalie et al. Field and laboratory data suggest that the rocks studied were deposited in a lagoon connected to the sea by an intermittently closing channel.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"26 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140077602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mădălina Ignat, B. Rusu, Andrei Dumitru, Roxana Constantinescu, C. Chelaru
The main purpose of this article was to study the behavior of vehicle transmission belts in conditions similar to real ones, which can appear during their use. Transmission belts can be classified into several categories, but depending on their function, can be belts that work in dry conditions or immersed in oil. In this study, were analyzed both types of transmission belts. The samples were subject to different physical-mechanical tests: determination of hardness, density, thickness, abrasion, flex resistance, tensile strength and percentage extension and also to various conditions like, high and low temperature, immersion in liquids (oil, toluene, diesel). All the tests were performed before and after exposure, according to actual standards in ICPI accredited laboratory. Microscopy studies were done before and after the exposure to various factors, in order to appreciate the damage degree. Also, chemical specific analyses were made for determining the transmission belts composition. The findings from this study provide important insights into the behavior of transmission belts under different operating conditions.
{"title":"TRANSMISSION BELTS PERFORMANCE IN NORMAL AND HEAVY-DUTY CONDITIONS","authors":"Mădălina Ignat, B. Rusu, Andrei Dumitru, Roxana Constantinescu, C. Chelaru","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v29i4.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v29i4.005","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this article was to study the behavior of vehicle transmission belts in conditions similar to real ones, which can appear during their use. Transmission belts can be classified into several categories, but depending on their function, can be belts that work in dry conditions or immersed in oil. In this study, were analyzed both types of transmission belts. The samples were subject to different physical-mechanical tests: determination of hardness, density, thickness, abrasion, flex resistance, tensile strength and percentage extension and also to various conditions like, high and low temperature, immersion in liquids (oil, toluene, diesel). All the tests were performed before and after exposure, according to actual standards in ICPI accredited laboratory. Microscopy studies were done before and after the exposure to various factors, in order to appreciate the damage degree. Also, chemical specific analyses were made for determining the transmission belts composition. The findings from this study provide important insights into the behavior of transmission belts under different operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"41 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140260358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Precision agriculture, together with remote sensing and vegetation indices, represents a modern correlation that maximizes efficiency and sustainability in farmland management, contributing to more efficient and responsible production. Remote sensing in agriculture is an important technology that uses data from sensors mounted on satellites, drones, and aircraft to monitor and evaluate agricultural land. Vegetation indices are needed in agricultural remote sensing and precision agriculture because they provide quantitative and objective information on agricultural crops contributing to more efficient, sustainable and cost-effective land management.
{"title":"SOME POSSIBILITIES OF THE AERIAL DRONES USE IN PRECISION AGRICULTURE – A REVIEW","authors":"Iosif Ioja, Valentin Nedeff, M. Agop, F. Nedeff","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v29i4.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v29i4.006","url":null,"abstract":"Precision agriculture, together with remote sensing and vegetation indices, represents a modern correlation that maximizes efficiency and sustainability in farmland management, contributing to more efficient and responsible production. Remote sensing in agriculture is an important technology that uses data from sensors mounted on satellites, drones, and aircraft to monitor and evaluate agricultural land. Vegetation indices are needed in agricultural remote sensing and precision agriculture because they provide quantitative and objective information on agricultural crops contributing to more efficient, sustainable and cost-effective land management.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"42 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Lasisi, Olajide Micheal Odofin, Muhammed Babajide Hammed, Idowu Olamide Hussein
Cognitive radio (CR) is an integral system in telecommunications technology that gives unlicensed users access to licensed spectrums via dynamic spectrum access (DSA), to promote spectral efficiency. A significant operation in cognitive radio system is spectrum sensing. This paper evaluates and compares two of the major non-cooperative sensing techniques (energy and cyclostationary feature detector (CFD)) in order, to determine which gives better performance. Matlab Simulink was used as modeling and simulating tool for the evaluations. From the results, energy detector was simpler and faster but unlike CFD exhibited poor performance in corrupt channels.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NON-COOPERATIVE SPECTRUM SENSING TECHNIQUES IN COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORK","authors":"H. Lasisi, Olajide Micheal Odofin, Muhammed Babajide Hammed, Idowu Olamide Hussein","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v29i4.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v29i4.007","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive radio (CR) is an integral system in telecommunications technology that gives unlicensed users access to licensed spectrums via dynamic spectrum access (DSA), to promote spectral efficiency. A significant operation in cognitive radio system is spectrum sensing. This paper evaluates and compares two of the major non-cooperative sensing techniques (energy and cyclostationary feature detector (CFD)) in order, to determine which gives better performance. Matlab Simulink was used as modeling and simulating tool for the evaluations. From the results, energy detector was simpler and faster but unlike CFD exhibited poor performance in corrupt channels.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"44 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140259414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study addresses the various challenges causing the ineffective practice of project management in Nigeria and proffered possible and workable solutions to them. Data were sourced from construction professionals across Nigeria and 71 responses were obtained from the 109 questionnaires that were administered. After applying the Relative Importance Index and Severity Index methods, it was established that the rankings of the critical factors that hamper contract job completion were significantly different, thus underscoring their respective importance. The recommendations, therefore, emphasized training programs, standard regulation protocol, and effective government policy to ensure effective project delivery in the Nigerian construction industry.
{"title":"CONSTRAINTS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN THE NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY","authors":"Lateef Akintola, O. Aderinlewo, Sunmbo Akande","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v29i4.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v29i4.001","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the various challenges causing the ineffective practice of project management in Nigeria and proffered possible and workable solutions to them. Data were sourced from construction professionals across Nigeria and 71 responses were obtained from the 109 questionnaires that were administered. After applying the Relative Importance Index and Severity Index methods, it was established that the rankings of the critical factors that hamper contract job completion were significantly different, thus underscoring their respective importance. The recommendations, therefore, emphasized training programs, standard regulation protocol, and effective government policy to ensure effective project delivery in the Nigerian construction industry.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"27 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140259567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elena Surdu, CLAUDIA-DANA FARCAȘ-FLAMAROPOL, Petru Cârdei, Ion Durbacă, Nicoleta Sporea
The article describes the results of the research carried out for the systemic description of the manufacturing technological processes of composite materials with clay matrix and insert from agricultural waste. The objectives of these researches include the valorization of agricultural waste and cheap and abundant resources to obtain composite materials usable in civil constructions or various rural developments, with properties superior to existing ones, for example adobe or clay bricks. The article describes the materials used, the technology of obtaining, the dependence between the output parameters and the input and control parameters.
{"title":"RESEARCH ON THE RECOVERY OF SOME AGRICULTURAL WASTE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS WITH CLAY MATRICES","authors":"Elena Surdu, CLAUDIA-DANA FARCAȘ-FLAMAROPOL, Petru Cârdei, Ion Durbacă, Nicoleta Sporea","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v29i4.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v29i4.008","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the results of the research carried out for the systemic description of the manufacturing technological processes of composite materials with clay matrix and insert from agricultural waste. The objectives of these researches include the valorization of agricultural waste and cheap and abundant resources to obtain composite materials usable in civil constructions or various rural developments, with properties superior to existing ones, for example adobe or clay bricks. The article describes the materials used, the technology of obtaining, the dependence between the output parameters and the input and control parameters.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140077374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mădălina Ignat, Andrei Dumitru, B. Rusu, Roxana Constantinescu, C. Chelaru
The steering wheel is among the important components of a vehicle, through it having full control over its direction. It is made of a metal base covered with a polymeric material. To improve the look and feel of a steering wheel, usually it is covered by leather. Choosing the material for covering the steering wheel must be done responsibly, because depending on the material, it can generate a certain type of comfort when using the steering wheel. Thus, the current work aims to evaluate the durability and wear resistance of different types of leather coatings used in automotive steering wheels. A series of tests were performed on leather samples before and after exposing them to special conditions (highlow temperature, humidity, UV) like tensile strength and elongation, tear strength, tear load, surface softness, color fastness and flex resistance. All the tests were performed according to actual standards in ICPI accredited laboratory. The results of the experiment showed that the durability and wear resistance of the leather varied significantly depending on the type of coating. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the characteristics of different types of leather and can help future research involved in developing more durable and long-lasting steering wheel cover leathers.
{"title":"PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PERFORMANCES OF STEERING WHEEL COVER LEATHERS IN SPECIAL CONDITIONS","authors":"Mădălina Ignat, Andrei Dumitru, B. Rusu, Roxana Constantinescu, C. Chelaru","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v29i4.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v29i4.004","url":null,"abstract":"The steering wheel is among the important components of a vehicle, through it having full control over its direction. It is made of a metal base covered with a polymeric material. To improve the look and feel of a steering wheel, usually it is covered by leather. Choosing the material for covering the steering wheel must be done responsibly, because depending on the material, it can generate a certain type of comfort when using the steering wheel. Thus, the current work aims to evaluate the durability and wear resistance of different types of leather coatings used in automotive steering wheels. A series of tests were performed on leather samples before and after exposing them to special conditions (highlow temperature, humidity, UV) like tensile strength and elongation, tear strength, tear load, surface softness, color fastness and flex resistance. All the tests were performed according to actual standards in ICPI accredited laboratory. The results of the experiment showed that the durability and wear resistance of the leather varied significantly depending on the type of coating. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the characteristics of different types of leather and can help future research involved in developing more durable and long-lasting steering wheel cover leathers.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140077413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Within the industrial standard 4.0, predictive maintenance has an essential role in production activities, by increasing equipment uptime and decreasing maintenance costs. Predictive maintenance monitors assets through sensors for optimal planning of maintenance operations to keep assets functional. In this paper, the authors perform an analysis of predictive maintenance system, proposed in the specialized literature, highlighting their component elements.
{"title":"A SPECIALTY LITERATURE REVIEW OF THE PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE SYSTEMS","authors":"Dragoș Andrioaia, V. Gaitan","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v29i4.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v29i4.002","url":null,"abstract":"Within the industrial standard 4.0, predictive maintenance has an essential role in production activities, by increasing equipment uptime and decreasing maintenance costs. Predictive maintenance monitors assets through sensors for optimal planning of maintenance operations to keep assets functional. In this paper, the authors perform an analysis of predictive maintenance system, proposed in the specialized literature, highlighting their component elements.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"58 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140259005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Geopolymer foam with thermal insulation properties was made by foaming the alumino-silicate mixture composed of fly ash and clay brick waste activated with alkaline activator (water glass and sodium hydroxide in aqueous solution). Other mixture components were expanded perlite as siliceous additive, usual fine aggregate (quartz sand), and less frequently used surfactant (olive oil). The main characteristics of the geopolymer foam were: low density, low thermal conductivity, and relatively high compressive strength. The residual materials contributed to low costs and the complete replacement of ordinary cement led to the significant reduction of CO2 emissions.
{"title":"POROUS FLY ASH-BASED GEOPOLYMER USABLE AS AN UNCONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL","authors":"B. Păunescu, L. Paunescu, E. Volceanov","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v29i3.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v29i3.006","url":null,"abstract":"Geopolymer foam with thermal insulation properties was made by foaming the alumino-silicate mixture composed of fly ash and clay brick waste activated with alkaline activator (water glass and sodium hydroxide in aqueous solution). Other mixture components were expanded perlite as siliceous additive, usual fine aggregate (quartz sand), and less frequently used surfactant (olive oil). The main characteristics of the geopolymer foam were: low density, low thermal conductivity, and relatively high compressive strength. The residual materials contributed to low costs and the complete replacement of ordinary cement led to the significant reduction of CO2 emissions.","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139438850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mouhamadou Sembéne Boye, M. Diop, M. Sarr, Aminata Diasse-Sarr, L. Diop,, Alain Wattiaux
Four new adducts catena-O,O′-glutaratotriphenylstannate, [(Me4N)2O2C(CH2)3CO2×4SnPh3Cl] (1), [(Me4N)2O2C(CH2)3CO2×3SnPh3Cl] (2), [(SnPh3)2O2C(CH2)3CO2×SnPh3Cl] (2′) and [(Cy2NH2)2O2C(CH2)3CO2×SnPh3Cl] (3), have been isolated from the reactions carried out in solution. The compounds have been characterized by FT-IR and Mössbauer spectroscopies except for 2’ whose structure is proposed on the basis of FT-IR data. Overall, the spectra studies sheew existence of several caracteristic bands such as υ (C=O), υ (CO2–), υ (Sn–O), υ (Sn–Cl), vibrations of glutarate ions, and the intense doublet showing the presence of phenyl groups. In the solid state, the suggested structures are discrete or of infinite chain. In this work, the geometry at Sn centers, trigonal bipyramidal or tetrahedral, is ascertained by the Mössbauer parameters. The glutarate ions exhibit a monodentate, tridentate or tetradentate coordination behavior towards the Sn atoms.
{"title":"TRIPHENYLTIN (IV) GLUTARATES: SYNTHESIS, FT-IR AND MÖSSBAUER STUDIES","authors":"Mouhamadou Sembéne Boye, M. Diop, M. Sarr, Aminata Diasse-Sarr, L. Diop,, Alain Wattiaux","doi":"10.29081/jesr.v29i3.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v29i3.008","url":null,"abstract":"Four new adducts catena-O,O′-glutaratotriphenylstannate, [(Me4N)2O2C(CH2)3CO2×4SnPh3Cl] (1), [(Me4N)2O2C(CH2)3CO2×3SnPh3Cl] (2), [(SnPh3)2O2C(CH2)3CO2×SnPh3Cl] (2′) and [(Cy2NH2)2O2C(CH2)3CO2×SnPh3Cl] (3), have been isolated from the reactions carried out in solution. The compounds have been characterized by FT-IR and Mössbauer spectroscopies except for 2’ whose structure is proposed on the basis of FT-IR data. Overall, the spectra studies sheew existence of several caracteristic bands such as υ (C=O), υ (CO2–), υ (Sn–O), υ (Sn–Cl), vibrations of glutarate ions, and the intense doublet showing the presence of phenyl groups. In the solid state, the suggested structures are discrete or of infinite chain. In this work, the geometry at Sn centers, trigonal bipyramidal or tetrahedral, is ascertained by the Mössbauer parameters. The glutarate ions exhibit a monodentate, tridentate or tetradentate coordination behavior towards the Sn atoms. ","PeriodicalId":15687,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Studies and Research","volume":"59 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139533620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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