Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-03-28DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00216-6
Michele M Stephenson, Margaret E Coleman, Nicholas A Azzolina
Background: Robust solutions to global, national, and regional burdens of communicable and non-communicable diseases, particularly related to diet, demand interdisciplinary or transdisciplinary collaborations to effectively inform risk analysis and policy decisions.
Objective: U.S. outbreak data for 2005-2020 from all transmission sources were analyzed for trends in the burden of infectious disease and foodborne outbreaks.
Methods: Outbreak data from 58 Microsoft Access® data tables were structured using systematic queries and pivot tables for analysis by transmission source, pathogen, and date. Trends were examined using graphical representations, smoothing splines, Spearman's rho rank correlations, and non-parametric testing for trend. Hazard Identification was conducted based on the number and severity of illnesses.
Results: The evidence does not support increasing trends in the burden of infectious foodborne disease, though strongly increasing trends were observed for other transmission sources. Morbidity and mortality were dominated by person-to-person transmission; foodborne and other transmission sources accounted for small portions of the disease burden. Foods representing the greatest hazards associated with the four major foodborne bacterial diseases were identified. Fatal foodborne disease was dominated by fruits, vegetables, peanut butter, and pasteurized dairy.
Conclusion: The available evidence conflicts with assumptions of zero risk for pasteurized milk and increasing trends in the burden of illness for raw milk. For future evidence-based risk management, transdisciplinary risk analysis methodologies are essential to balance both communicable and non-communicable diseases and both food safety and food security, considering scientific, sustainable, economic, cultural, social, and political factors to support health and wellness for humans and ecosystems.
背景:全球、国家和地区的传染性和非传染性疾病负担,尤其是与饮食有关的疾病负担,需要跨学科或跨学科合作才能有效地为风险分析和政策决策提供信息:对 2005-2020 年美国所有传播源的疫情数据进行分析,以了解传染病和食源性疫情的负担趋势:方法:使用系统查询和数据透视表对 58 个 Microsoft Access® 数据表中的疫情数据进行结构化处理,以便按传播源、病原体和日期进行分析。使用图形表示法、平滑样条、Spearman's rho 等级相关性和非参数趋势测试对趋势进行检验。根据疾病的数量和严重程度进行了危害识别:证据不支持食源性传染病负担呈上升趋势,但观察到其他传染源呈强烈上升趋势。发病率和死亡率以人传人为主;食源性和其他传播源占疾病负担的一小部分。确定了与四种主要食源性细菌疾病相关的危害最大的食物。致命的食源性疾病主要是水果、蔬菜、花生酱和巴氏杀菌乳制品:现有证据与巴氏杀菌奶的零风险假设和生奶的疾病负担增加趋势相冲突。对于未来以证据为基础的风险管理,跨学科风险分析方法对于平衡传染性和非传染性疾病以及食品安全和粮食安全至关重要,同时要考虑科学、可持续、经济、文化、社会和政治因素,以支持人类和生态系统的健康和福祉。
{"title":"Trends in Burdens of Disease by Transmission Source (USA, 2005-2020) and Hazard Identification for Foods: Focus on Milkborne Disease.","authors":"Michele M Stephenson, Margaret E Coleman, Nicholas A Azzolina","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00216-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00216-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Robust solutions to global, national, and regional burdens of communicable and non-communicable diseases, particularly related to diet, demand interdisciplinary or transdisciplinary collaborations to effectively inform risk analysis and policy decisions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>U.S. outbreak data for 2005-2020 from all transmission sources were analyzed for trends in the burden of infectious disease and foodborne outbreaks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Outbreak data from 58 Microsoft Access<sup>®</sup> data tables were structured using systematic queries and pivot tables for analysis by transmission source, pathogen, and date. Trends were examined using graphical representations, smoothing splines, Spearman's rho rank correlations, and non-parametric testing for trend. Hazard Identification was conducted based on the number and severity of illnesses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The evidence does not support increasing trends in the burden of infectious foodborne disease, though strongly increasing trends were observed for other transmission sources. Morbidity and mortality were dominated by person-to-person transmission; foodborne and other transmission sources accounted for small portions of the disease burden. Foods representing the greatest hazards associated with the four major foodborne bacterial diseases were identified. Fatal foodborne disease was dominated by fruits, vegetables, peanut butter, and pasteurized dairy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The available evidence conflicts with assumptions of zero risk for pasteurized milk and increasing trends in the burden of illness for raw milk. For future evidence-based risk management, transdisciplinary risk analysis methodologies are essential to balance both communicable and non-communicable diseases and both food safety and food security, considering scientific, sustainable, economic, cultural, social, and political factors to support health and wellness for humans and ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Epidemiology of Osteoporosis in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Taiwan.","authors":"Kuang-Ming Liao, Chuan-Wei Shen, Kai-Lin Chiu, Chun-Hui Lu, Chih-Wun Fang, Chung-Yu Chen","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00248-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00248-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00270-0
Ana Torres, Brima Musa Younis, Mohammed Alamin, Samuel Tesema, Lorena Bernardo, Jose Carlos Solana, Javier Moreno, Alaa-Aldeen Mustafa, Fabiana Alves, Ahmed Mudawi Musa, Eugenia Carrillo
Background: The host cellular immune response associated with two treatments for post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) - paromomycin plus miltefosine (Arm 1), and liposomal amphotericin B plus miltefosine (Arm 2) - was examined in Sudanese patients before treatment (D0), at the end of treatment (D42), and during the post-treatment period (D180).
Methods: Whole blood samples were stimulated with soluble Leishmania antigen for 24 h (whole blood assay [WBA]) and the concentrations of Th1/Th2/Th17-associated cytokines, IP-10, PDL-1 and granzyme B were determined.
Results: The Arm 1 treatment (98.2% cure rate) induced a Th1/Th2/Th17 response, while the Arm 2 treatment (80% cure rate) induced a Th1/Th2 response. Five Arm 2 patients relapsed and showed lower IFN-γ, TNF and IL-1β concentrations at D0 than non-relapsers in this Arm. In patients with low-IFN-γ-production at D0, Arm 1 treatment led to a better host immune response and clinical outcome than Arm 2 treatment.
Conclusions: A Th1/Th2/Th17 response was associated with a higher cure rate. Patients with low IFN-γ, TNF and IL-1β before treatment are more likely to relapse if they undergo Arm 2-type treatment. Determining IFN-γ, TNF and IL-10 levels prior to treatment could help predict patients at higher risk of relapse/recovery from PKDL.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03399955, Registered 17 January 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/ NCT03399955.
{"title":"Differences in the Cellular Immune Response during and after Treatment of Sudanese Patients with Post-kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis, and Possible Implications for Outcome.","authors":"Ana Torres, Brima Musa Younis, Mohammed Alamin, Samuel Tesema, Lorena Bernardo, Jose Carlos Solana, Javier Moreno, Alaa-Aldeen Mustafa, Fabiana Alves, Ahmed Mudawi Musa, Eugenia Carrillo","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00270-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00270-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The host cellular immune response associated with two treatments for post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) - paromomycin plus miltefosine (Arm 1), and liposomal amphotericin B plus miltefosine (Arm 2) - was examined in Sudanese patients before treatment (D0), at the end of treatment (D42), and during the post-treatment period (D180).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Whole blood samples were stimulated with soluble Leishmania antigen for 24 h (whole blood assay [WBA]) and the concentrations of Th1/Th2/Th17-associated cytokines, IP-10, PDL-1 and granzyme B were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Arm 1 treatment (98.2% cure rate) induced a Th1/Th2/Th17 response, while the Arm 2 treatment (80% cure rate) induced a Th1/Th2 response. Five Arm 2 patients relapsed and showed lower IFN-γ, TNF and IL-1β concentrations at D0 than non-relapsers in this Arm. In patients with low-IFN-γ-production at D0, Arm 1 treatment led to a better host immune response and clinical outcome than Arm 2 treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A Th1/Th2/Th17 response was associated with a higher cure rate. Patients with low IFN-γ, TNF and IL-1β before treatment are more likely to relapse if they undergo Arm 2-type treatment. Determining IFN-γ, TNF and IL-10 levels prior to treatment could help predict patients at higher risk of relapse/recovery from PKDL.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03399955, Registered 17 January 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/ NCT03399955.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00284-8
Xin Ye, Xinfeng Wang, Hugo Lin
Background: The global research on pandemics or epidemics and mental health has been growing exponentially recently, which cannot be integrated through traditional systematic review. Our study aims to systematically synthesize the evidence using natural language processing (NLP) techniques.
Methods: Multiple databases were searched using titles, abstracts, and keywords. We systematically identified relevant literature published prior to Dec 31, 2023, using NLP techniques such as text classification, topic modelling and geoparsing methods. Relevant articles were categorized by content, date, and geographic location, outputting evidence heat maps, geographical maps, and narrative synthesis of trends in related publications.
Results: Our NLP analysis identified 77,915 studies in the area of pandemics or epidemics and mental health published before Dec 31, 2023. The Covid pandemic was the most common, followed by SARS and HIV/AIDS; Anxiety and stress were the most frequently studied mental health outcomes; Social support and healthcare were the most common way of coping. Geographically, the evidence base was dominated by studies from high-income countries, with scant evidence from low-income counties. Co-occurrence of pandemics or epidemics and fear, depression, stress was common. Anxiety was one of the three most common topics in all continents except North America.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest the importance and feasibility of using NLP to comprehensively map pandemics or epidemics and mental health in the age of big literature. The review identifies clear themes for future clinical and public health research, and is critical for designing evidence-based approaches to reduce the negative mental health impacts of pandemics or epidemics.
{"title":"Global Research on Pandemics or Epidemics and Mental Health: A Natural Language Processing Study.","authors":"Xin Ye, Xinfeng Wang, Hugo Lin","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00284-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00284-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global research on pandemics or epidemics and mental health has been growing exponentially recently, which cannot be integrated through traditional systematic review. Our study aims to systematically synthesize the evidence using natural language processing (NLP) techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multiple databases were searched using titles, abstracts, and keywords. We systematically identified relevant literature published prior to Dec 31, 2023, using NLP techniques such as text classification, topic modelling and geoparsing methods. Relevant articles were categorized by content, date, and geographic location, outputting evidence heat maps, geographical maps, and narrative synthesis of trends in related publications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our NLP analysis identified 77,915 studies in the area of pandemics or epidemics and mental health published before Dec 31, 2023. The Covid pandemic was the most common, followed by SARS and HIV/AIDS; Anxiety and stress were the most frequently studied mental health outcomes; Social support and healthcare were the most common way of coping. Geographically, the evidence base was dominated by studies from high-income countries, with scant evidence from low-income counties. Co-occurrence of pandemics or epidemics and fear, depression, stress was common. Anxiety was one of the three most common topics in all continents except North America.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest the importance and feasibility of using NLP to comprehensively map pandemics or epidemics and mental health in the age of big literature. The review identifies clear themes for future clinical and public health research, and is critical for designing evidence-based approaches to reduce the negative mental health impacts of pandemics or epidemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-08-26DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00285-7
Basmah Alharbi, Mawahib Ahmed
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic disease that affects individuals worldwide. An epidemiological observational population-cohort study was conducted on the basis of comprehensive research on CL incidence in Saudi and non-Saudi residents. The Ministry of Health recorded the incidence of CL between January 2020 and December 2022. The chi-square test was used to analyze the data and determine CL incidence rates in age-specific incidence rates (ASIRs) and gender between Saudi and non-Saudi residents in Saudi Arabia. The study found that between 2020 and 2022, there were 2280 cases of CL in Saudi Arabia, with 1367 and 913 cases in men and women, respectively. Of Saudi nationals, 64.26% and 12.91% were male and female, respectively. The frequency of CL was higher (87.09%) among non-Saudi residents than among Saudi nationals, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001) between the two groups. The ASIRs for CL were higher in patients aged 15-45 years. This study revealed variations in CL incidence rates among the 13 administrative regions; Qassim, followed by Aseer, Ha'il, and Madinah, had higher rates than the other regions. These findings indicate the need for targeted interventions and public health strategies to reduce the burden on CL, particularly among non-Saudi residents.
{"title":"Epidemiological Mapping of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia: An Observational Descriptive Study.","authors":"Basmah Alharbi, Mawahib Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00285-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00285-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic disease that affects individuals worldwide. An epidemiological observational population-cohort study was conducted on the basis of comprehensive research on CL incidence in Saudi and non-Saudi residents. The Ministry of Health recorded the incidence of CL between January 2020 and December 2022. The chi-square test was used to analyze the data and determine CL incidence rates in age-specific incidence rates (ASIRs) and gender between Saudi and non-Saudi residents in Saudi Arabia. The study found that between 2020 and 2022, there were 2280 cases of CL in Saudi Arabia, with 1367 and 913 cases in men and women, respectively. Of Saudi nationals, 64.26% and 12.91% were male and female, respectively. The frequency of CL was higher (87.09%) among non-Saudi residents than among Saudi nationals, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001) between the two groups. The ASIRs for CL were higher in patients aged 15-45 years. This study revealed variations in CL incidence rates among the 13 administrative regions; Qassim, followed by Aseer, Ha'il, and Madinah, had higher rates than the other regions. These findings indicate the need for targeted interventions and public health strategies to reduce the burden on CL, particularly among non-Saudi residents.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142055782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00288-4
Tatjana Pustahija, Snežana Medić, Vladimir Vuković, Zagorka Lozanov-Crvenković, Aleksandra Patić, Mirjana Štrbac, Verica Jovanović, Dragana Dimitrijević, Milunka Milinković, Mirjana Lana Kosanović, Helena C Maltezou, Kassiani Mellou, Sanjin Musa, Marijan Bakić, Sanja Medenica, Nikolina Sokolovska, Nina Vukmir Rodić, Milica Devrnja, Mioljub Ristić, Vladimir Petrović
This study aimed to assess epidemiological trends of Q fever in six countries of Southeast Europe by analysing surveillance data for 2002-2021 period. In this descriptive analysis, we collected and analysed data on confirmed human Q fever cases, obtained from the national Public Health Institutes of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia. Overall, 2714 Q fever cases were registered during the 20-year period. The crude average annual notification rate was 0.82 (± 2.06) (95% CI: 0.47-1.16) per 100,000 inhabitants, ranged from 0.06 (± 0.04) (95% CI: 0.04-0.08) /100,000 in Greece to 2.78 (± 4.80) (95% CI: 0.53-5.02) /100,000 in the Republic of Srpska (entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina). Significant declining trends of Q fever age standardized rates were registered in Croatia, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia and Serbia, with an average annual change of -30.15%; -17.13%; -28.33% and - 24.77%, respectively. An unequal spatial distribution was observed. The highest average age-specific notification rate was reported in the 20-59 age group (0.84 (± 0.40) (95% CI: 0.65-1.02) /100,000). Most cases (53.69%) were reported during the spring. Q fever remains a significant public health threat in this part of Europe. The findings of this study revealed the endemic maintenance of this disease in the including countries, with large regional and subnational disparities in notification rates. A downward trend was found in Q fever notification rates across the study countries with the average notification rate higher than in the EU/EEA, during the same period.
{"title":"Epidemiology of Q Fever in Southeast Europe for a 20-Year Period (2002-2021).","authors":"Tatjana Pustahija, Snežana Medić, Vladimir Vuković, Zagorka Lozanov-Crvenković, Aleksandra Patić, Mirjana Štrbac, Verica Jovanović, Dragana Dimitrijević, Milunka Milinković, Mirjana Lana Kosanović, Helena C Maltezou, Kassiani Mellou, Sanjin Musa, Marijan Bakić, Sanja Medenica, Nikolina Sokolovska, Nina Vukmir Rodić, Milica Devrnja, Mioljub Ristić, Vladimir Petrović","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00288-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00288-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess epidemiological trends of Q fever in six countries of Southeast Europe by analysing surveillance data for 2002-2021 period. In this descriptive analysis, we collected and analysed data on confirmed human Q fever cases, obtained from the national Public Health Institutes of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia. Overall, 2714 Q fever cases were registered during the 20-year period. The crude average annual notification rate was 0.82 (± 2.06) (95% CI: 0.47-1.16) per 100,000 inhabitants, ranged from 0.06 (± 0.04) (95% CI: 0.04-0.08) /100,000 in Greece to 2.78 (± 4.80) (95% CI: 0.53-5.02) /100,000 in the Republic of Srpska (entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina). Significant declining trends of Q fever age standardized rates were registered in Croatia, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia and Serbia, with an average annual change of -30.15%; -17.13%; -28.33% and - 24.77%, respectively. An unequal spatial distribution was observed. The highest average age-specific notification rate was reported in the 20-59 age group (0.84 (± 0.40) (95% CI: 0.65-1.02) /100,000). Most cases (53.69%) were reported during the spring. Q fever remains a significant public health threat in this part of Europe. The findings of this study revealed the endemic maintenance of this disease in the including countries, with large regional and subnational disparities in notification rates. A downward trend was found in Q fever notification rates across the study countries with the average notification rate higher than in the EU/EEA, during the same period.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142125918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00292-8
Salah T Al Awaidy, Parvaiz A Koul, Faryal Khamis, Fatima Al Slil, Imane Jroundi, Fatima Al Olama, Khalid Hamid Elawad, Musallam Yunus Hassan Abuhasan, Fana Al Oraimi, Mine Durusu Tanriover, Hassan Zaraket
Seasonal influenza poses significant health and economic challenges globally each year, particularly impacting the elderly population (aged ≥ 65 years) with increased rates of hospitalization, and mortality. The population of older adults is steadily increasing in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and is likely to increase even further. In addition, there is a high burden of chronic comorbidities in these countries like diabetes and obesity, which increases the likelihood of severe consequences of influenza infection. The GCC countries also host mass gathering events like Hajj, Umrah pilgrimage, Arba'een (nearby Iraq) pilgrimage, and international sports and business events, which further intensify the risk of outbreaks like influenza. These events facilitate the mixing of visitors from various countries. Thus, influenza activity in this North Hemisphere (NH) geography is usually present even before the availability of NH seasonal influenza vaccine. This is especially problematic for the elderly, whose protection from the previous year's immunization would have waned. Higher dosages of antigens or adjuvants have been used to improve immunogenicity in older people with superior vaccine effectiveness. Therefore, there is a compelling argument in favor of the implementation of high-dose seasonal influenza vaccines in the GCC countries to improve the protection of individuals aged 65 years and older against influenza infection and associated severe complications.
{"title":"A Call for Adopting High-Dose Influenza Vaccines for Adults Aged 65 and Above in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries.","authors":"Salah T Al Awaidy, Parvaiz A Koul, Faryal Khamis, Fatima Al Slil, Imane Jroundi, Fatima Al Olama, Khalid Hamid Elawad, Musallam Yunus Hassan Abuhasan, Fana Al Oraimi, Mine Durusu Tanriover, Hassan Zaraket","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00292-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00292-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seasonal influenza poses significant health and economic challenges globally each year, particularly impacting the elderly population (aged ≥ 65 years) with increased rates of hospitalization, and mortality. The population of older adults is steadily increasing in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and is likely to increase even further. In addition, there is a high burden of chronic comorbidities in these countries like diabetes and obesity, which increases the likelihood of severe consequences of influenza infection. The GCC countries also host mass gathering events like Hajj, Umrah pilgrimage, Arba'een (nearby Iraq) pilgrimage, and international sports and business events, which further intensify the risk of outbreaks like influenza. These events facilitate the mixing of visitors from various countries. Thus, influenza activity in this North Hemisphere (NH) geography is usually present even before the availability of NH seasonal influenza vaccine. This is especially problematic for the elderly, whose protection from the previous year's immunization would have waned. Higher dosages of antigens or adjuvants have been used to improve immunogenicity in older people with superior vaccine effectiveness. Therefore, there is a compelling argument in favor of the implementation of high-dose seasonal influenza vaccines in the GCC countries to improve the protection of individuals aged 65 years and older against influenza infection and associated severe complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00212-w
Matúš Dohál, Věra Dvořáková, Miluše Šperková, Arash Ghodousi, Maryam Omrani, Igor Porvazník, Erik M Rasmussen, Mária Škereňová, Michaela Krivošová, Olha Konstantynovska, Timothy M Walker, Vladyslav Nikolayevskyy, Daniela M Cirillo, Ivan Solovič, Juraj Mokrý
{"title":"Correction: Tuberculosis in Ukrainian War Refugees and Migrants in the Czech Republic and Slovakia: A Molecular Epidemiological Study.","authors":"Matúš Dohál, Věra Dvořáková, Miluše Šperková, Arash Ghodousi, Maryam Omrani, Igor Porvazník, Erik M Rasmussen, Mária Škereňová, Michaela Krivošová, Olha Konstantynovska, Timothy M Walker, Vladyslav Nikolayevskyy, Daniela M Cirillo, Ivan Solovič, Juraj Mokrý","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00212-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00212-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139972063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-04-02DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00221-9
Mohammad Ryadh Pokeerbux, Patrick Mavingui, Patrick Gérardin, Nelly Agrinier, Erick Gokalsing, Olivier Meilhac, Maxime Cournot
Introduction: Reunion Island is a French overseas department in the South West Indian Ocean with a unique multi-ethnic population. Cardiovascular diseases are the most common chronic conditions with higher prevalences of hypertension and diabetes compared to mainland France. Moreover, Reunion Island is particularly exposed to vector-borne diseases such as chikungunya and dengue. Our objective is to describe the prevalence of cardiometabolic and infectious diseases in Reunion Island and explore causal mechanisms linking these diseases.
Methods: The REUNION study is an ongoing French prospective study. From January 2022, 2,000 consenting participants (18-68 years old) are being recruited from the general population according to polling lists and random generation of cellphone number. Baseline examination consists of (i) general health examination, assessment of cardiovascular risk factors, markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, bronchial obstruction, neuropathic and autonomic dysfunction, (ii) questionnaires to determine sociodemographic characteristics, diet, exposure to vector-borne diseases, mental health and cognitive functions, social inequalities in health and ethnic origins, (iii) biological sampling for determination of cardiovascular risk factors, seroprevalence of infectious diseases, innovative lipid biomarkers, advanced omics, composition of intestinal, periodontal and skin microbiota, and biobanking.
Conclusions: The REUNION study should provide new insights into the prevalence of cardiometabolic and infectious diseases, as well as their potential associations through the examination of various environmental pathways and a wide range of health aspects.
{"title":"A Holistic Approach to Cardiometabolic and Infectious Health in the General Population of Reunion Island: The REUNION Study.","authors":"Mohammad Ryadh Pokeerbux, Patrick Mavingui, Patrick Gérardin, Nelly Agrinier, Erick Gokalsing, Olivier Meilhac, Maxime Cournot","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00221-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00221-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Reunion Island is a French overseas department in the South West Indian Ocean with a unique multi-ethnic population. Cardiovascular diseases are the most common chronic conditions with higher prevalences of hypertension and diabetes compared to mainland France. Moreover, Reunion Island is particularly exposed to vector-borne diseases such as chikungunya and dengue. Our objective is to describe the prevalence of cardiometabolic and infectious diseases in Reunion Island and explore causal mechanisms linking these diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The REUNION study is an ongoing French prospective study. From January 2022, 2,000 consenting participants (18-68 years old) are being recruited from the general population according to polling lists and random generation of cellphone number. Baseline examination consists of (i) general health examination, assessment of cardiovascular risk factors, markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, bronchial obstruction, neuropathic and autonomic dysfunction, (ii) questionnaires to determine sociodemographic characteristics, diet, exposure to vector-borne diseases, mental health and cognitive functions, social inequalities in health and ethnic origins, (iii) biological sampling for determination of cardiovascular risk factors, seroprevalence of infectious diseases, innovative lipid biomarkers, advanced omics, composition of intestinal, periodontal and skin microbiota, and biobanking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The REUNION study should provide new insights into the prevalence of cardiometabolic and infectious diseases, as well as their potential associations through the examination of various environmental pathways and a wide range of health aspects.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00277-7
Zihua Chen, Lanting Wang, Li Ma, Fanping Yang, Shengan Chen, Jin Yang, Haiqing Gao, Chang Tang, Ying Zhao, Zhen Zhang, Lin Tang, Haiyu Xue, Jian Ying, Yu Xu, Wenhong Zhang, Lingyun Shao, Hanqiu Liu, Xiaoqun Luo
Objective: This study aims to conduct an extensive analysis of autoimmune bullous diseases, particularly pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid, in Shanghai, China, from 2016 to 2023. It seeks to understand the demographic profiles, comorbidities, mortality rates, risk factors, and socioeconomic impacts associated with autoimmune bullous disease.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, enrolling 1,072 patients. Diagnostic measures included clinical manifestations, histopathology, direct immunofluorescence, and serologic tests. The study also involved a detailed socioeconomic analysis and evaluation of occupational risks.
Results: The findings highlight a significant occupational risk in industries requiring enhanced safety measures, with a notable prevalence of autoimmune bullous disease among workers in these sectors. A considerable portion of the patients were from low-income backgrounds with limited literacy, indicating the economic burden of autoimmune bullous disease. A key discovery of the study is the potential pathological link between autoimmune bullous disease and interstitial lung disease.
Conclusion: This research, one of the first comprehensive studies on autoimmune bullous disease in China, underscores the need for targeted healthcare strategies and further investigation into autoimmune bullous disease, particularly its relationship with interstitial lung disease.
{"title":"Epidemiological Insights into Autoimmune Bullous Diseases in China: A Comprehensive Analysis.","authors":"Zihua Chen, Lanting Wang, Li Ma, Fanping Yang, Shengan Chen, Jin Yang, Haiqing Gao, Chang Tang, Ying Zhao, Zhen Zhang, Lin Tang, Haiyu Xue, Jian Ying, Yu Xu, Wenhong Zhang, Lingyun Shao, Hanqiu Liu, Xiaoqun Luo","doi":"10.1007/s44197-024-00277-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44197-024-00277-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to conduct an extensive analysis of autoimmune bullous diseases, particularly pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid, in Shanghai, China, from 2016 to 2023. It seeks to understand the demographic profiles, comorbidities, mortality rates, risk factors, and socioeconomic impacts associated with autoimmune bullous disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was employed, enrolling 1,072 patients. Diagnostic measures included clinical manifestations, histopathology, direct immunofluorescence, and serologic tests. The study also involved a detailed socioeconomic analysis and evaluation of occupational risks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings highlight a significant occupational risk in industries requiring enhanced safety measures, with a notable prevalence of autoimmune bullous disease among workers in these sectors. A considerable portion of the patients were from low-income backgrounds with limited literacy, indicating the economic burden of autoimmune bullous disease. A key discovery of the study is the potential pathological link between autoimmune bullous disease and interstitial lung disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research, one of the first comprehensive studies on autoimmune bullous disease in China, underscores the need for targeted healthcare strategies and further investigation into autoimmune bullous disease, particularly its relationship with interstitial lung disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":15796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}