Pub Date : 2009-06-29DOI: 10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9481
G. Summerhayes, Atholl Anderson
Archaeological research in the Yaeyama Islands, southern Japan, has a hundred year old history, yet little of it is known to those archaeologists working outside the immediate area. This area is of importance to those working in Southeast Asia and the Pacific as the colonisation of the Yaeyama Islands allows a closer assessment of the nature and timing of Austronesian movement out of Taiwan. This paper will examine the colonisation of the Yaeyama Islands and its archaeological signature, Shimotabaru pottery, by first reviewing the archaeological developments of this island group, followed by an examination of the timing of colonisation and the nature of Shimotabaru pottery production. It will be argued that the early occupation in the Yaeyama Islands characterised by Shimotabaru pottery is the signature of Austronesian colonisation from Taiwan, from between 4500 and 3900 years ago. Yet the colonising signature in the Yaeyama Islands is of a different character to the Austronesian presence in the islands south of Taiwan. This suggests that the nature of Austronesian expansion in general was more complex than is proposed in the prevailing model.
{"title":"An Austronesian Presence in Southern Japan: Early Occupation in the Yaeyama Islands","authors":"G. Summerhayes, Atholl Anderson","doi":"10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9481","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeological research in the Yaeyama Islands, southern \u0000Japan, has a hundred year old history, yet little of it is \u0000known to those archaeologists working outside the immediate \u0000area. This area is of importance to those working in \u0000Southeast Asia and the Pacific as the colonisation of the \u0000Yaeyama Islands allows a closer assessment of the nature \u0000and timing of Austronesian movement out of Taiwan. This \u0000paper will examine the colonisation of the Yaeyama \u0000Islands and its archaeological signature, Shimotabaru \u0000pottery, by first reviewing the archaeological developments \u0000of this island group, followed by an examination of \u0000the timing of colonisation and the nature of Shimotabaru \u0000pottery production. It will be argued that the early occupation \u0000in the Yaeyama Islands characterised by Shimotabaru \u0000pottery is the signature of Austronesian colonisation \u0000from Taiwan, from between 4500 and 3900 years \u0000ago. Yet the colonising signature in the Yaeyama Islands \u0000is of a different character to the Austronesian presence in \u0000the islands south of Taiwan. This suggests that the nature \u0000of Austronesian expansion in general was more complex \u0000than is proposed in the prevailing model.","PeriodicalId":158063,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125188587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-06-29DOI: 10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9480
L. Dzung
Around 500 BC, the introduction of iron working technology caused radical changes in social structure in both mainland and insular Southeast Asia. The most important phenomenon, which had strong impacts in all aspects of life, was the transformation from small and egalitarian to large and complex societies. This complexity laid the foundations for the emergence and development of early states in the area. The causes and dynamics of these processes were various in nature and included both internal and external elements. Using site and artefact distributions in the Thu Bon Valley, one of the largest and most fertile riverine areas in the whole of central Vietnam, we examine the nature and evolution of regional and inter–regional interaction between Sa Huynh communities and the outside world, especially with the Han Chinese, the Dong Son of northern Vietnam, and contemporary cultures in South and Southeast Asia.
{"title":"SA HUYNH REGIONAL AND INTER-REGIONAL INTERACTIONS IN THE THU BON VALLEY, QUANG NAM PROVINCE, CENTRAL VIETNAM","authors":"L. Dzung","doi":"10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9480","url":null,"abstract":"Around 500 BC, the introduction of iron working technology \u0000caused radical changes in social structure in both \u0000mainland and insular Southeast Asia. The most important \u0000phenomenon, which had strong impacts in all aspects of \u0000life, was the transformation from small and egalitarian to \u0000large and complex societies. This complexity laid the \u0000foundations for the emergence and development of early \u0000states in the area. The causes and dynamics of these \u0000processes were various in nature and included both \u0000internal and external elements. Using site and artefact \u0000distributions in the Thu Bon Valley, one of the largest and \u0000most fertile riverine areas in the whole of central Vietnam, \u0000we examine the nature and evolution of regional and \u0000inter–regional interaction between Sa Huynh communities \u0000and the outside world, especially with the Han Chinese, \u0000the Dong Son of northern Vietnam, and contemporary \u0000cultures in South and Southeast Asia.","PeriodicalId":158063,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132828714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-06-29DOI: 10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9476
B. Hakim, M. Nur, Rustam
This report discussed aspects of the excavated materials from Gua Pasaung and Mallawa in South Sulawesi. The question of transition from the Toalian into the later pottery-using assemblages is discussed.
{"title":"THE SITES OF GUA PASAUNG (RAMMANG-RAMMANG) AND MALLAWA: INDICATORS OF CULTURAL CONTACT BETWEEN THE TOALIAN AND NEOLITHIC COMPLEXES IN SOUTH SULAWESI","authors":"B. Hakim, M. Nur, Rustam","doi":"10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9476","url":null,"abstract":"This report discussed aspects of the excavated materials \u0000from Gua Pasaung and Mallawa in South Sulawesi. The \u0000question of transition from the Toalian into the later \u0000pottery-using assemblages is discussed.","PeriodicalId":158063,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association","volume":"1006 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116244757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-06-29DOI: 10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9482
Damien Huffer
According to Heritage Watch, a collaborative NGO based in Cambodia which is active in archaeological salvage work, village outreach and education, the looting of archaeological sites in Cambodia has now reached “epic proportions.” Although increased security and tourism provide protection to the famous historic-period monuments of the Khmer Empire, the sites and vestiges of Cambodia’s prehistoric past, especially Bronze Age and Iron Age (c. 3500-1500 BP) burial mounds located in northeastern provinces, are increasingly under threat. Perceived economic incentive and coercion of local villagers by duplicitous “middle-men” seeking inflated profits from the international black market begin the antiquities trade. The overall lack of awareness of the significance of these sites amongst both locals and foreign visitors, and the lack of appreciation of the importance of accurate archaeological excavations for understanding the past, keep the trade active. However, in recent years many new laws, projects, and outreach campaigns have begun to be implemented; most of which showing initial promise. Nevertheless, the fight against looting in Cambodia remains an uphill battle, and the active creation and implementation of projects which take full advantage of current technologies are still required. This paper will describe one such project: the ongoing design and construction of an educational computer game called Looter! Available in both Khmer and English, the game brings together 2D and 3D art and animation, upto- date archaeological knowledge, and easily accessible game play formats. Through introductory and interstitial animated “cut-scenes” to set the premise, and two levels of game play, the player will not only begin to understand what is known about Cambodia’s late prehistory but will also comprehend the damage that looting does to all involved, and conversely, the benefits to be gained from scientifically sound excavation. The paper will discuss the game so far, its context, background and planned applications.
{"title":"Conserving the Past Through Play: Educational Gaming and Anti-Looting Outreach in Cambodia","authors":"Damien Huffer","doi":"10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9482","url":null,"abstract":"According to Heritage Watch, a collaborative NGO based \u0000in Cambodia which is active in archaeological salvage \u0000work, village outreach and education, the looting of \u0000archaeological sites in Cambodia has now reached “epic \u0000proportions.” Although increased security and tourism \u0000provide protection to the famous historic-period monuments \u0000of the Khmer Empire, the sites and vestiges of \u0000Cambodia’s prehistoric past, especially Bronze Age and \u0000Iron Age (c. 3500-1500 BP) burial mounds located in \u0000northeastern provinces, are increasingly under threat. \u0000Perceived economic incentive and coercion of local \u0000villagers by duplicitous “middle-men” seeking inflated \u0000profits from the international black market begin the \u0000antiquities trade. The overall lack of awareness of the \u0000significance of these sites amongst both locals and foreign \u0000visitors, and the lack of appreciation of the importance \u0000of accurate archaeological excavations for understanding \u0000the past, keep the trade active. However, in \u0000recent years many new laws, projects, and outreach \u0000campaigns have begun to be implemented; most of which \u0000showing initial promise. Nevertheless, the fight against \u0000looting in Cambodia remains an uphill battle, and the \u0000active creation and implementation of projects which take \u0000full advantage of current technologies are still required. \u0000This paper will describe one such project: the ongoing \u0000design and construction of an educational computer game \u0000called Looter! Available in both Khmer and English, the \u0000game brings together 2D and 3D art and animation, upto- \u0000date archaeological knowledge, and easily accessible \u0000game play formats. Through introductory and interstitial \u0000animated “cut-scenes” to set the premise, and two levels \u0000of game play, the player will not only begin to understand \u0000what is known about Cambodia’s late prehistory but will \u0000also comprehend the damage that looting does to all \u0000involved, and conversely, the benefits to be gained from \u0000scientifically sound excavation. The paper will discuss the \u0000game so far, its context, background and planned applications.","PeriodicalId":158063,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133185809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-06-29DOI: 10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9474
Sofwan Noerwidi
This report describes new excavations at the site of Kendeng Lembu in East Java, a location previously researched by van Heekeren and Soejono. The new research in several locations has revealed a Neolithic layer with red-slipped pottery, and a separate historical period layer above.
{"title":"ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH AT KENDENG LEMBU, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA","authors":"Sofwan Noerwidi","doi":"10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9474","url":null,"abstract":"This report describes new excavations at the site of Kendeng Lembu in East Java, a location previously researched by van Heekeren and Soejono. The new research in several locations has revealed a Neolithic layer with red-slipped pottery, and a separate historical period layer above.","PeriodicalId":158063,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130787185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-06-29DOI: 10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9478
Nguyễn Quang Miên, Tran Trong Ha
The northeast maritime region of Vietnam, consisting of Quang Ninh Province and Hai Phong city, covers approximately 7500 km2 and incorporates over 3000 islands. The prehistory of the region reflects fluctuations in sea level and exchanges between cultural regions, especially during the Hoabinhian and Bacsonian periods. This research uses radiocarbon, geological and archaeological data to describe a five stage model for the region’s geoarchaeological evolution.
{"title":"GEOARCHAEOLOGY OF THE MARITIME REGION IN NORTHEAST VIETNAM","authors":"Nguyễn Quang Miên, Tran Trong Ha","doi":"10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9478","url":null,"abstract":"The northeast maritime region of Vietnam, consisting of \u0000Quang Ninh Province and Hai Phong city, covers approximately \u00007500 km2 and incorporates over 3000 islands. \u0000The prehistory of the region reflects fluctuations in \u0000sea level and exchanges between cultural regions, especially \u0000during the Hoabinhian and Bacsonian periods. This \u0000research uses radiocarbon, geological and archaeological \u0000data to describe a five stage model for the region’s \u0000geoarchaeological evolution.","PeriodicalId":158063,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122328762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-06-29DOI: 10.7152/bippa.v29i0.9477
Nang Chung Trinh
BA BE (THREE LAKES) NATIONAL PARK Ba Be National Park is located in the district of the same name, in the northwest of Bac Kan Province (latitude 20o30’ N and longitude 105o3’E), about 240 km northwest of Hanoi. The park covers a total area of 23,000 hectares and consists of limestone mountains with unique flora and fauna. Historical sources indicate that the park was completely covered by thick forests until late in the 19 th century. Botanical studies have established the presence of more than 660 botanical species, 526 faunal species, 17 species of fish, as well as many species of reptiles and birds, many of which are endemic. The climate is tropical monsoon with pronounced wet and dry periods. The high rainfall has left dramatic cuts in the kaarst and soil erosion. The region is also distinguished by a series of grandiose caves (Puong, Tien, Na Puong and Ba Cua) with subterranean streams flowing through them. A series of waterfalls also flow from the lake. Because of its unique biodiversity, Ba Be was established as a National Park in 1992. The park’s main feature is its three linked tectonic lakes (Pe Lam, Pe Lu and Pe Leng), surrounded by limestone and schist mountains. The lakes lie about 178 m above sea level, cover a total area of 500 ha, and extend over 8 km at an average depth of 20 m (35 m in the deepest parts). Formed on a limestone block, the lake never lacks water and is recognized internationally as one of the 20 natural freshwater lakes in world that warrant protection. Because of its strategic location and unique environment, Ba Be is important to the cultural history of Vietnam.
巴贝国家公园位于北坎省西北部(北纬2030′N，经度1050′e)的同名地区，位于河内西北约240公里处。该公园占地23,000公顷，由石灰岩山脉组成，拥有独特的动植物群。历史资料表明，直到19世纪末，公园都被茂密的森林完全覆盖。植物学研究已确定存在660多种植物物种，526种动物物种，17种鱼类，以及许多种类的爬行动物和鸟类，其中许多是特有的。气候属热带季风，有明显的干湿期。高降雨量造成了喀斯特的急剧减少和土壤侵蚀。该地区还以一系列宏伟的洞穴(Puong, Tien, Na Puong和Ba Cua)而闻名，地下溪流流经其中。一系列的瀑布也从湖中流出。由于其独特的生物多样性，巴贝于1992年被建立为国家公园。公园的主要特点是它的三个相连的构造湖(佩林湖、佩鲁湖和佩冷湖)，周围是石灰岩和片岩山。这些湖泊海拔约178米，总面积500公顷，平均深度为20米(最深的部分为35米)，延伸超过8公里。湖泊形成于石灰岩块上，从不缺水，被国际公认为世界20个值得保护的天然淡水湖之一。由于其战略位置和独特的环境，巴贝在越南文化史上占有重要地位。
{"title":"ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN BA BE NATIONAL PARK.","authors":"Nang Chung Trinh","doi":"10.7152/bippa.v29i0.9477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7152/bippa.v29i0.9477","url":null,"abstract":"BA BE (THREE LAKES) NATIONAL PARK Ba Be National Park is located in the district of the same name, in the northwest of Bac Kan Province (latitude 20o30’ N and longitude 105o3’E), about 240 km northwest of Hanoi. The park covers a total area of 23,000 hectares and consists of limestone mountains with unique flora and fauna. Historical sources indicate that the park was completely covered by thick forests until late in the 19 th century. Botanical studies have established the presence of more than 660 botanical species, 526 faunal species, 17 species of fish, as well as many species of reptiles and birds, many of which are endemic. The climate is tropical monsoon with pronounced wet and dry periods. The high rainfall has left dramatic cuts in the kaarst and soil erosion. The region is also distinguished by a series of grandiose caves (Puong, Tien, Na Puong and Ba Cua) with subterranean streams flowing through them. A series of waterfalls also flow from the lake. Because of its unique biodiversity, Ba Be was established as a National Park in 1992. The park’s main feature is its three linked tectonic lakes (Pe Lam, Pe Lu and Pe Leng), surrounded by limestone and schist mountains. The lakes lie about 178 m above sea level, cover a total area of 500 ha, and extend over 8 km at an average depth of 20 m (35 m in the deepest parts). Formed on a limestone block, the lake never lacks water and is recognized internationally as one of the 20 natural freshwater lakes in world that warrant protection. Because of its strategic location and unique environment, Ba Be is important to the cultural history of Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":158063,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114257116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-06-29DOI: 10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9470
M. Haidle, A. Pawlik
In Europe as well as in the Americas, typology of at least some key forms was and still is the basis of relative chronology. For Southeast Asian prehistory, attempts to classify lithic assemblages morphologically and technologically in order to fit them into established stone tool typologies from other parts of the world have not proved to be very useful. Up to now, the formation of a specific regional typology system has failed. Session 1C of the 18 Congress of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association at Manila (Fig. 1) wanted to explore the “missing types”-problem and adjacent questions. Is the typological approach not appropriate to the special characteristics and circumstances of lithic industries in Southeast Asia? Why do we know of only a few formal “Asian” types and how did the availability and acquisition of raw material influence lithic technology? Are morphological features of lithic artefacts significant enough at all to establish an acceptable chronology system of lithic periods? How can morphological features of lithic artefacts be linked to geostratigraphy in Southeast Asia? Can non-stratified surface finds contribute to Palaeolithic and Neolithic chronologies in that region? And if we dismiss the typological approach, what are the alternatives? Mirroring the state of discussion in lithic analysis in Southeast Asian archaeology, the contributions of the session covered a broad range of subjects. With his talk titled “River basin archaeology” Israel B. Cabanilla (University of the Philippines) reviewed aspects of early Philippine prehistory and site formation. Palaeolithic sites in the Philippines seemingly date back to 400-500,000 years. While most of the investigated Palaeolithic sites are situated in Northern Luzon and on Palawan Island, Cabanilla focused in his talk on the river basins of the Manila area. In his examination of the vast collection of H. Otley Beyer (1947), a pioneer in Philippine archaeology, and of various surveys of the National Museum conducted since the 1960s by Robert Fox and others, Cabanilla revealed that a major share of lithic artefacts originate from the Manila region and are associated with the tributaries of Manila Bay and Laguna de Bay like Marilao, Pasig and Santa Mesa. In her presentation on “Pleistocene stone tools of New Guinea: a new analysis from the Far East of the Far East”, Susan Bulmer (Auckland, New Zealand) mooted artefacts from New Guinea which have long been ignored. Stone tool assemblages from five excavations in the Central Highlands of Papua New Guinea were restudied: four rockshelters in and near the Wahgi Valley, and one openair site, a natural swamp that was first cultivated at around 10,000 BP. Bulmer focused mainly on Pleistocene axes and axe-like tools and compared the evidence of the Highlands with two other Pleistocene sites, Bobongara and Kosipe, the former found on the former coastline and the latter found high on the edge of the upper mountain forest. The types defined are b
在欧洲和美洲，至少一些关键形式的类型学过去是，现在仍然是相对年代学的基础。对于东南亚的史前史，试图从形态和技术上对石器组合进行分类，以便将它们与世界其他地区建立的石器类型学相适应，但事实证明并不是很有用。到目前为止，形成一个具体的区域类型学体系是失败的。在马尼拉举行的第18届印度-太平洋史前史协会大会1C会议(图1)希望探讨“缺失类型”问题和邻近问题。类型学方法是否不适合东南亚地区的特殊特点和环境?为什么我们只知道少数几种正式的“亚洲”类型?原材料的可获得性和获取如何影响石晶技术?石器文物的形态特征是否足够重要，足以建立一个可接受的石器时代年代学系统?如何将石器器物的形态特征与东南亚的地理地层学联系起来?非分层的地表发现是否有助于该地区旧石器时代和新石器时代的年代学?如果我们摒弃类型学方法，还有什么替代方法呢?反映了东南亚考古学中石器分析的讨论状态，会议的贡献涵盖了广泛的主题。Israel B. Cabanilla(菲律宾大学)在题为“流域考古学”的演讲中回顾了菲律宾早期史前史和遗址形成的各个方面。菲律宾的旧石器时代遗址似乎可以追溯到400-50万年前。虽然大多数被调查的旧石器时代遗址位于吕宋岛北部和巴拉望岛，但卡巴尼拉的演讲集中在马尼拉地区的河流流域。卡巴尼拉研究了菲律宾考古学先驱H. Otley Beyer(1947)的大量藏品，以及罗伯特·福克斯(Robert Fox)等人自20世纪60年代以来对国家博物馆进行的各种调查，发现大部分石器制品来自马尼拉地区，与马尼拉湾和拉古纳德湾的支流有关，如马里拉奥、帕西格和圣梅萨。苏珊·布尔默(新西兰奥克兰)在题为“新几内亚更新世石器:来自远东远东的新分析”的演讲中，提出了来自新几内亚长期以来被忽视的人工制品。研究人员重新研究了巴布亚新几内亚中部高地的五处发掘出土的石器组合:在瓦吉山谷及其附近的四个岩石避难所，以及一个露天遗址，一个大约10000年前首次开垦的天然沼泽。Bulmer主要关注更新世的轴和斧状工具，并将高地的证据与另外两个更新世遗址boboongara和Kosipe进行了比较，前者发现于前海岸线，后者发现于高山上森林的边缘。定义的类型是基于经验属性，如尺寸、形状、工作边缘的位置和性质，以及它们所表现出的磨损。有人提出了一种石器的临时年表。
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Pub Date : 2009-06-22DOI: 10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9473
Elise Patole-Edoumba
Six flaked lithic assemblages from Tabon, Guri and Duyong caves on Palawan and from Musang and Laurente caves in the Cagayan valley on Luzon (Philippines), discovered during the 1970s and 1980s, have been reanalyzed. The results are presented here.
{"title":"A TYPO-TECHNOLOGICAL DEFINITION OF TABONIAN INDUSTRIES","authors":"Elise Patole-Edoumba","doi":"10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9473","url":null,"abstract":"Six flaked lithic assemblages from Tabon, Guri and \u0000Duyong caves on Palawan and from Musang and \u0000Laurente caves in the Cagayan valley on Luzon (Philippines), \u0000discovered during the 1970s and 1980s, have been \u0000reanalyzed. The results are presented here.","PeriodicalId":158063,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123204850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-06-22DOI: 10.7152/BIPPA.V29I0.9471
A. Pawlik
This article is based on the presentation “Typology, technology and function: a use-wear analyst’s perspective” in Session 1C, “Missing types: overcoming the typology dilemma of lithic archaeology in Southeast Asia”, at the Congress of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association in Manila in March 2006. A large interest in Palaeolithic archaeology and lithic analysis could be noted during the last IPPA congress in Manila in March 2006. However, is it obvious that Palaeolithic archaeology in Southeast Asia is still in its methodological beginning. Most of all, a useful and applicable classification of lithic artefacts seems to be a difficult undertaking. Since its introduction by Oskar Montelius (1903), typology is the basic analytical method for the classification of artefacts, connecting them to time periods, regions and “cultures”. However, classification into “tool types” is a subjective view from a far distance in time. Until the late 1950s and early 1960s, the decision if an artefact made of stone is a tool was rather simple: Any artificial modification of a blank form, flakes, blades, even shattered pieces would create a “tool”. “Types” were those tools with a characteristic recurring modification (Bordes 1961). The origin and nature of the modification, however, were not further scrutinized. As a result of improving excavation and sampling methods during the second half of the past century, lithic assemblages contained more and more unmodified artefacts and non-formal tools. Consequently, lithic archaeologists shifted to a technology-based analysis, investigating the production methods of their artefacts. The recording and statistic evaluation of a wide range of morphological attributes allowed the recognition of significant differences and strategies of core preparation, core reduction and blank modification. Implemented in technological analysis are the study of fracture mechanics, experimental flint knapping and the reconstruction of reduction strategies by refitting. In the 1980s, a holistic method enhancing the technological analysis of reduction sequences would become popular: the “chaine operatoire” (Geneste 1985). Techniques and strategies of raw material acquisition, core preparation, reduction and modification of usually flaked stone tools were treated and analysed as parts of one manufacturing cycle and, altogether, addressed lithic assemblages more comprehensively (Fig. 1).
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