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Climate-growth relationships of Pinus tabuliformis along an altitudinal gradient on Baiyunshan Mountain, Central China 华中白云山松树海拔梯度上的气候与生长关系
IF 3 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-12-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11676-023-01684-5
Xiaoxu Wei, Jianfeng Peng, Jinbao Li, Jinkuan Li, Meng Peng, Xuan Li, Yameng Liu, Jiaxin Li

Abstract

A set of standard chronologies for tree-ring width (TRW), earlywood width (EWW) and latewood width (LWW) in Pinus tabuliformis Carr. along an altitudinal gradient (1450, 1400, and 1350 m a.s.l.) on Baiyunshan Mountain, Central China to analyze the effect of varying temperature and precipitation on growth along the gradient. Correlation analyses showed that at all three altitudes and the TRW and EWW chronologies generally had significant negative correlations with mean and maximum temperatures in the current April and May and with minimum temperatures in the prior July and August, but significant positive correlations with precipitation in the current May. Correlations were generally significantly negative between LWW chronologies and all temperatures in the prior July and August, indicating that the prior summer temperature had a strong lag effect on the growth of P. tabuliformis that increased with altitude. The correlation with the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) confirmed that wet conditions in the current May promoted growth of TR and EW at all altitudes. Significant altitudinal differences were also found; at 1400 m, there were significant positive correlations between EWW chronologies and SPEI in the current April and significant negative correlations between LWW chronologies and SPEI in the current September, but these correlations were not significant at 1450 m. At 1350 m, there were also significant negative correlations between the TRW and the EWW chronologies and SPEI in the prior October and the current July and between LWW chronology and SPEI in the current August, but these correlations were not significant at 1400 m. Moving correlation results showed a stable response of EWW in relation to the SPEI in the current May at all three altitudes and of LWW to maximum temperature in the prior July–August at 1400 m from 2002 to 2018. The EWW chronology at 1400 m and the LWW chronology at 1450 m were identified as more suitable for climate reconstruction. These results provide a strong scientific basis for forest management decisions and climate reconstructions in Central China.

摘要 在华中白云山沿海拔高度梯度(1450、1400和1350 m a.s.l.)建立了一套松树树环宽(TRW)、早材宽(EWW)和晚材宽(LWW)的标准年代学,以分析温度和降水变化对梯度生长的影响。相关性分析表明,在这三个海拔高度上,TRW和EWW年代学一般与当年4月和5月的平均气温和最高气温以及前一年7月和8月的最低气温呈显著负相关,但与当年5月的降水量呈显著正相关。LWW 年表与之前 7 月和 8 月的所有气温之间的相关性一般为明显的负相关,这表明之前的夏季气温对塔氏栉水母的生长有很强的滞后效应,并且随着海拔的升高而增加。与标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)的相关性证实,当年 5 月的潮湿条件促进了 TR 和 EW 在所有海拔高度的生长。在海拔 1400 米处,EWW 年代学与当年 4 月的 SPEI 呈显著正相关,而 LWW 年代学与当年 9 月的 SPEI 呈显著负相关,但这些相关性在海拔 1450 米处并不显著。移动相关结果表明,从 2002 年到 2018 年,在所有三个海拔高度上,EWW 与当年 5 月的 SPEI 之间以及 LWW 与当年 7-8 月的最高气温之间存在稳定的响应。1400米处的EWW年代学和1450米处的LWW年代学被认为更适合用于气候重建。这些结果为华中地区的森林管理决策和气候重建提供了有力的科学依据。
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引用次数: 0
Microenvironmental effects on growth response of Pinus massoniana to climate at its northern boundary in the Tongbai Mountains, Central China 微环境对华中桐柏山北缘马尾松生长气候响应的影响
IF 3 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11676-023-01658-7
Jianfeng Peng, Jiayue Cui, Jinbao Li, Meng Peng, Yongtao Ma, Xiaoxu Wei, Jinkuan Li, Xuan Li, Yamen Liu, Jiaxin Li
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引用次数: 0
Morphological and molecular evidence for natural hybridization between Sorbus pohuashanensis and S. discolor (Rosaceae) 山梨(Sorbus pohuashanensis)和山梨(S. discolor)(蔷薇科)自然杂交的形态学和分子证据
IF 3 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11676-023-01659-6
Yuxia Wu, Xuedan Yu, Wei Tang, Wenhua Yang, Qidi Fu, Yongqi Zheng, Chuanhong Zhang
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引用次数: 0
Climate-change habitat shifts for the vulnerable endemic oak species (Quercus arkansana Sarg.) 易受气候变化影响的特有橡树物种(Quercus arkansana Sarg.)
IF 3 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11676-023-01673-8
Suresh Chandra Subedi, Seth Drake, Binaya Adhikari, Mark V. Coggeshall

Quercus arkansana (Arkansas oak) is at risk of becoming endangered, as the total known population size is represented by a few isolated populations. The potential impact of climate change on this species in the near future is high, yet knowledge of its predicted effects is limited. Our study utilized the biomod2 R package to develop habitat suitability ensemble models based on bioclimatic and topographic environmental variables and the known locations of current distribution of Q. arkansana. We predicted suitable habitats across three climate change scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5) for 2050, 2070, and 2090. Our findings reveal that the current suitable habitat for Q. arkansana is approximately 127,881 km2 across seven states (Texas, Arkansas, Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Georgia, and Florida); approximately 9.5% is encompassed within state and federally managed protected areas. Our models predict that all current suitable habitats will disappear by 2050 due to climate change, resulting in a northward shift into new regions such as Tennessee and Kentucky. The large extent of suitable habitat outside protected areas suggests that a species-specific action plan incorporating protected areas and other areas may be crucial for its conservation. Moreover, protection of Q. arkansana habitat against climate change may require locally and regionally focused conservation policies, adaptive management strategies, and educational outreach among local people.

阿肯色栎(Quercus arkansana)面临濒临灭绝的危险,因为已知的总种群数量仅代表几个孤立的种群。在不久的将来,气候变化对这一物种的潜在影响很大,但对其预测影响的了解却很有限。我们的研究利用 biomod2 R 软件包开发了基于生物气候和地形环境变量以及 Q. arkansana 目前已知分布位置的栖息地适宜性集合模型。我们预测了 2050 年、2070 年和 2090 年三种气候变化情景(SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5 和 SSP5-8.5)下的适宜栖息地。我们的研究结果表明,Q. arkansana 目前的适宜栖息地约为 127,881 平方公里,分布在七个州(得克萨斯州、阿肯色州、阿拉巴马州、路易斯安那州、密西西比州、佐治亚州和佛罗里达州);其中约 9.5% 位于州政府和联邦政府管理的保护区内。根据我们的模型预测,到 2050 年,目前所有适宜的栖息地都将因气候变化而消失,从而向北迁移到田纳西州和肯塔基州等新地区。保护区外的大量适宜栖息地表明,一个包含保护区和其他地区的物种特定行动计划可能对其保护至关重要。此外,保护 Q. arkansana 的栖息地免受气候变化的影响可能需要以地方和区域为重点的保护政策、适应性管理策略以及对当地居民的宣传教育。
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引用次数: 0
Is magnesium deficiency the major cause of needle chlorosis of Pinus taeda in Brazil? 缺镁是造成巴西太妃松针叶萎黄病的主要原因吗?
IF 3 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1007/s11676-023-01656-9
Antônio Carlos Vargas Motta, Shizuo Maeda, Valdécio dos Santos dos Santos Rodrigues, Tamires Maiara Ercole, Stephen Arthur Prior, Ana Elisa Lyra Brumat, Amanda Pacheco Cardoso Moura, Julierme Zimmer Barbosa, João Bosco Vasconcellos Gomes

Needle chlorosis (NC) in Pinus taeda L. systems in Brazil becomes more frequent after second and third harvest rotation cycles. In a study to identify factors contributing to yellowing needle chorosis (YNC), trees were grown in soils originating from contrasting parent materials, and soils and needles (whole, green and chlorotic portions) from 1- and 2-year-old branches and the first and second needle flush release at four sites with YNC on P. taeda were analyzed for various elements and properties. All soils had very low base levels (Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+) and P, suggesting a possible lack of multiple elements. YNC symptoms started at needle tips, then extended toward the needle base with time. First flush needles had longer portions with YNC than second flush needles did. Needles from the lower crown also had more symptoms along their length than those higher in the canopy. Symptoms were similar to those reported for Mg. In chlorotic portions, Mg and Ca concentrations were well below critical values; in particular, Mg levels were only one third of the critical value of 0.3 g kg−1. Collectively, results suggest that Mg deficiency is the primary reason for NC of P. taeda in various parent soils in Brazil.

巴西泰达松(Pinus taeda L.)系统中的针叶枯萎病(NC)在第二和第三个收获轮伐周期后变得更加频繁。在一项旨在确定导致针叶黄化病(YNC)的因素的研究中,研究人员在不同母本的土壤中种植树木,并对四个存在针叶黄化病的地点的土壤和来自 1 年和 2 年树龄枝条的针叶(全针、绿针和黄化部分)以及第一和第二次针叶释放的针叶进行了各种元素和性质的分析。所有土壤的碱度(Ca2+、Mg2+ 和 K+)和钾含量都很低,表明可能缺乏多种元素。YNC 症状始于针尖,然后随着时间的推移向针基延伸。与二冲针叶相比,一冲针叶出现 YNC 症状的部分更长。树冠下部的针叶也比树冠上部的针叶有更多的症状。症状与报告的镁的症状相似。在枯萎的部分,镁和钙的浓度远低于临界值;尤其是镁的含量只有临界值 0.3 g kg-1 的三分之一。总之,研究结果表明,镁缺乏是巴西各种母质土壤中泰达红豆杉出现 NC 的主要原因。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of cattle density on the structure and natural regeneration of a turkey oak stand on an agrosilvopastoral farm in central Italy 牛群密度对意大利中部农牧场火鸡栎林结构和自然再生的影响
IF 3 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11676-023-01680-9

Abstract

On an agrosilvopastoral farm in central Italy where Maremmana cattle graze in Turkey oak forests, we evaluated the impact of different livestock densities on stand structure, tree diversity and natural regeneration in four types of grazed areas based on the grazing regime adopted: calf-grazed, high-intensity-grazed, low-intensity-grazed, ungrazed control. For each area, we set up three permanent circular plots (radius of 15 m) to survey the structural and dasometric characteristics of the overstorey, understorey, and regeneration layer. The results showed that grazing negatively affected the complexity of the forest structure and its potential to regenerate and maintain a high level of biodiversity. The differences in stand structure observed between the grazing areas were closely related to livestock density. The most sensitive components of the system were the understorey and the regeneration layers. Contrarily, the current grazing management did not affect the dominant tree structure or its composition. Our findings identified medium-term monitoring and regeneration management as the two significant aspects to consider when assessing sustainable livestock. New forests can be established by excluding grazing for about 20–25 years.

摘要 在意大利中部的一个农-草-牧农场,马雷马纳牛在土耳其橡树林中吃草,我们评估了不同牲畜密度对四种放牧区林分结构、树木多样性和自然再生的影响,这四种放牧区分别是:小牛放牧区、高密度放牧区、低密度放牧区和非放牧控制区。我们在每个区域设置了三个永久性圆形地块(半径为 15 米),调查林上层、林下层和再生层的结构和形态特征。结果表明,放牧对森林结构的复杂性及其再生和保持高水平生物多样性的潜力产生了负面影响。在不同放牧区观察到的林分结构差异与牲畜密度密切相关。系统中最敏感的部分是林下和再生层。与此相反,当前的放牧管理并没有影响主要树种结构或其组成。我们的研究结果表明,中期监测和再生管理是评估可持续畜牧业时需要考虑的两个重要方面。通过 20-25 年的禁牧可以建立新的森林。
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引用次数: 0
Prediction and driving factors of forest fire occurrence in Jilin Province, China 中国吉林省森林火灾发生的预测和驱动因素
IF 3 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11676-023-01663-w
Bo Gao, Yanlong Shan, Xiangyu Liu, Sainan Yin, Bo Yu, Chenxi Cui, Lili Cao

Forest fires are natural disasters that can occur suddenly and can be very damaging, burning thousands of square kilometers. Prevention is better than suppression and prediction models of forest fire occurrence have developed from the logistic regression model, the geographical weighted logistic regression model, the Lasso regression model, the random forest model, and the support vector machine model based on historical forest fire data from 2000 to 2019 in Jilin Province. The models, along with a distribution map are presented in this paper to provide a theoretical basis for forest fire management in this area. Existing studies show that the prediction accuracies of the two machine learning models are higher than those of the three generalized linear regression models. The accuracies of the random forest model, the support vector machine model, geographical weighted logistic regression model, the Lasso regression model, and logistic model were 88.7%, 87.7%, 86.0%, 85.0% and 84.6%, respectively. Weather is the main factor affecting forest fires, while the impacts of topography factors, human and social-economic factors on fire occurrence were similar.

森林火灾是一种自然灾害,它可能突然发生,并可能造成数千平方公里的严重破坏。预防胜于扑救,根据吉林省 2000 年至 2019 年的历史森林火灾数据,从逻辑回归模型、地理加权逻辑回归模型、拉索回归模型、随机森林模型和支持向量机模型中建立了森林火灾发生的预测模型。本文介绍了这些模型以及分布图,为该地区的森林火灾管理提供理论依据。现有研究表明,两种机器学习模型的预测精度高于三种广义线性回归模型。随机森林模型、支持向量机模型、地理加权逻辑回归模型、Lasso 回归模型和逻辑模型的准确率分别为 88.7%、87.7%、86.0%、85.0% 和 84.6%。天气是影响森林火灾的主要因素,而地形因素、人为因素和社会经济因素对火灾发生的影响相似。
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引用次数: 0
Dendroclimatological study of Sabina saltuaria and Abies faxoniana in the mixed forests of the Qionglai Mountains, eastern Tibetan Plateau 青藏高原东部邛崃山混交林中 Sabina saltuaria 和 Abies faxoniana 的树木气候学研究
IF 3 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-12-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11676-023-01664-9
Teng Li, Jianfeng Peng, Tsun Fung Au, Jingru Li, Jinbao Li, Yue Zhang

Tree-ring chronologies were developed for Sabina saltuaria and Abies faxoniana in mixed forests in the Qionglai Mountains of the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Climate-growth relationship analysis indicated that the two co-existing species reponded similarly to climate factors, although S. saltuaria was more sensitive than A. faxoniana. The strongest correlation was between S. saltuaria chronology and regional mean temperatures from June to November. Based on this relationship, a regional mean temperature from June to November for the period 1605–2016 was constructed. Reconstruction explained 37.3% of the temperature variance during th period 1961–2016. Six major warm periods and five major cold periods were identified. Spectral analysis detected significant interannual and multi-decadal cycles. Reconstruction also revealed the influence of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation, confirming its importance on climate change on the eastern Tibetan Plateau.

为青藏高原东部邛崃山混交林中的盐肤木(Sabina saltuaria)和法桐(Abies faxoniana)编制了树环年表。气候-生长关系分析表明,这两种共生树种对气候因素的反应相似,但盐肤木比法桐更为敏感。盐肤木的年轮与 6 月至 11 月的地区平均气温之间的相关性最强。根据这种关系,构建了 1605-2016 年期间 6 月至 11 月的区域平均温度。重建解释了 1961-2016 年期间 37.3% 的温度变异。确定了六个主要暖期和五个主要冷期。光谱分析发现了重要的年际和多年周期。重建还揭示了大西洋多年代涛动的影响,证实了其对青藏高原东部气候变化的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Soil bacterial and fungal communities resilience to long-term nitrogen addition in subtropical forests in China 中国亚热带森林土壤细菌和真菌群落对长期氮添加的适应能力
IF 3 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11676-023-01675-6
Xinlei Fu, Yunze Dai, Jun Cui, Pengfei Deng, Wei Fan, Xiaoniu Xu

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is predicted to increase, especially in the subtropics. However, the responses of soil microorganisms to long-term N addition at the molecular level in N-rich subtropical forests have not been clarified. A long-term nutrient addition experiment was conducted in a subtropical evergreen old-growth forest in China. The four treatments were: control, low N (50 kg N ha−1 a−1), high N (100 kg N ha−1 a−1), and combined N and phosphorus (P) (100 kg N ha−1 a−1 + 50 kg P ha−1 a−1). Metagenomic sequencing characterized diversity and composition of soil microbial communities and used to construct bacterial/fungal co-occurrence networks. Nutrient-treated soils were more acidic and had higher levels of dissolved organic carbon than controls. There were no significant differences in microbial diversity and community composition across treatments. The addition of nutrients increased the abundance of copiotrophic bacteria and potentially beneficial microorganisms (e.g., Gemmatimonadetes, Chaetomium, and Aureobasidium). Low N addition increased microbiome network connectivity. Three rare fungi were identified as module hubs under nutrient addition, indicating that low abundance fungi were more sensitive to increased nutrients. The results indicate that the overall composition of microbial communities was stable but not static to long-term N addition. Our findings provide new insights that can aid predictions of the response of soil microbial communities to long-term N addition.

据预测,大气中的氮(N)沉积量将会增加,尤其是在亚热带地区。然而,在富含氮的亚热带森林中,土壤微生物在分子水平上对长期氮添加的反应尚未明确。研究人员在中国亚热带常绿老林中进行了一项长期养分添加实验。四个处理分别为:对照、低氮(50 千克每公顷每吨)、高氮(100 千克每公顷每吨)和氮磷结合(100 千克每公顷每吨氮 + 50 千克每公顷每吨磷)。元基因组测序描述了土壤微生物群落的多样性和组成,并用于构建细菌/真菌共生网络。与对照组相比,经养分处理的土壤酸性更强,溶解有机碳含量更高。不同处理的土壤在微生物多样性和群落组成方面没有明显差异。添加养分增加了共养细菌和潜在有益微生物(如 Gemmatimonadetes、Chaetomium 和 Aureobasidium)的数量。低氮添加增加了微生物组网络的连通性。在添加养分的情况下,三种稀有真菌被确定为模块枢纽,这表明低丰度真菌对养分的增加更为敏感。结果表明,微生物群落的整体组成在长期添加氮的情况下是稳定的,但并不是一成不变的。我们的研究结果提供了新的见解,有助于预测土壤微生物群落对长期氮添加的反应。
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引用次数: 0
Soil properties and not plant factors affect both abundant and rare microbial taxa after thinning in a mixed stand of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Sassafras tzumu 疏伐杉木和檫木混交林后,土壤特性(而非植物因素)对丰富和稀有微生物类群均有影响
IF 3 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11676-023-01672-9
Wanxia Peng, Tongqing Song, Hu Du, Feng Wang, Fuping Zeng, Yang Wang, Shulin Chen, Yinzhu Chen

Thinning is an effective management step for sustainable forest development, yet less attention is paid to the restoration of soil microbiota after thinning. In this study, both abundant and rare soil microbial communities (i.e., bacterial, fungal), were evaluated under various thinning treatments in a mixed stand of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Sassafras tzumu using MiSeq sequencing. Thinning did not significantly change either abundant or rare bacterial and fungal community composition, but affected their alpha diversity. The Shannon– Wiener indexes of rare fungal taxa under medium thinning were significantly lower than in the light thinning (P < 0.05 level). Xanthobacteraceae dominated the abundant bacterial taxa, and Saitozyma and Mortierlla the abundant fungal taxa. The most common rare bacterial taxa varied; there was no prevalent rare fungal taxa under different thinnings. In addition, soil available nitrogen, total phosphorus, and pH had significant effects on rare bacterial taxa. Nutrients, especially available phosphorus, but not nitrogen, affected abundant and rare soil fungi. The results indicate that soil properties rather than plant factors affect abundant and rare microbial communities in soils of mixed stands. Thinning, through mediating soil properties, influences both abundant and rare bacterial and fungal communities in the mixed C. lanceolata and S. tzumu stand.

间伐是森林可持续发展的一个有效管理步骤,但人们对间伐后土壤微生物群的恢复关注较少。本研究利用 MiSeq 测序技术,对 Cunninghamia lanceolata 和 Sassafras tzumu 混交林在不同疏伐处理下的丰富和稀有土壤微生物群落(即细菌和真菌)进行了评估。疏伐并没有明显改变大量或稀有细菌和真菌群落的组成,但影响了它们的阿尔法多样性。稀有真菌类群的香农-维纳指数在中度稀植时明显低于轻度稀植时(P < 0.05水平)。在丰富的细菌类群中,黄杆菌科(Xanthobacteraceae)占主导地位;在丰富的真菌类群中,Saitozyma 和 Mortierlla 占主导地位。最常见的稀有细菌类群各不相同;在不同稀疏度下没有普遍的稀有真菌类群。此外,土壤可利用氮、总磷和 pH 值对稀有细菌类群也有显著影响。养分,尤其是可利用磷,而不是氮,对丰富和稀有的土壤真菌都有影响。研究结果表明,影响混交林土壤中丰富和稀有微生物群落的是土壤特性,而不是植物因素。通过调节土壤特性,稀植影响了 C. lanceolata 和 S. tzumu 混交林中丰富和稀有的细菌和真菌群落。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Forestry Research
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