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2011 International Conference on Power and Energy Systems最新文献

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Optimized voltage and reactive power adjustment in power grids using the least-squares-method: Optimization of highly utilized power grids with stochastic renewable energy-sources 用最小二乘法优化电网电压和无功调节:随机可再生能源高利用电网的优化
Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICPES.2011.6156648
T. Leveringhaus, L. Hofmann
By adjusting the nodal voltage the reactive power is affected likewise and vice versa. In power system planning and power system management, power-flow-calculation is used to estimate the state of a power system. In the majority of cases only active power generation and consumption is known. To estimate the state of a power system, the voltage at the so called PV-nodes (nodes with variable reactive power injection but determined voltage) is determined with the nominal voltage. This approach is widely used but suboptimal: In highly utilized areas of the grid the determined voltage is too low, because the limitations of voltage become underruned at nodes with high consumption. In low utilized areas of the grid the determined voltage is too high, because limitations of voltage become overruned due to Ferrantis effect. This paper describes and evaluates an approach with the Gauss-Newton algorithm (least-squares-method) to minimize the deviation Δu = uK − unN/√3 of every node and to minimize the deviation Δcos(ϕ) = cos(ϕ) −1 of every node with active power generation. The approach is physically based and uses the Jacobian matrices of the power-flow-calculation. Mainly in highly utilized states of the grid a minimized Δu is necessary to assure the voltage stability. The simulation results reveal a great benefit and a high potential for both optimal voltage adjustment and reactive power adjustment to minimize Δcos(ϕ). To integrate stochastic renewable energy sources into power grids, intelligent power system planning and power system management tools are needed to assure reliable states of operation.
通过调整节点电压,无功功率同样受到影响,反之亦然。在电力系统规划和管理中,潮流计算被用来估计电力系统的状态。在大多数情况下,只有有功发电量和消耗量是已知的。为了估计电力系统的状态,所谓的pv节点(无功功率注入可变但电压确定的节点)的电压由标称电压确定。这种方法被广泛使用,但不是最优的:在电网的高利用率区域,确定的电压太低,因为在高消耗的节点上电压的限制会被打破。在电网利用率低的区域,由于费兰提斯效应而超过电压限制,确定的电压过高。本文描述并评估了用高斯-牛顿算法(最小二乘法)最小化偏差Δu = uK−unN/√3和最小化偏差Δcos(ϕ) = cos(ϕ)−1的每个有功发电节点的方法。该方法是基于物理的,并使用雅可比矩阵的功率流计算。主要是在电网的高利用状态下,为了保证电压的稳定,需要最小化Δu。仿真结果显示,在最佳电压调节和无功调节以最小化Δcos(ϕ)方面具有很大的优势和很高的潜力。将随机可再生能源纳入电网,需要智能的电力系统规划和管理工具来保证其可靠运行。
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引用次数: 3
Integral square error minimization technique for linear multi input and multi output systems 线性多输入多输出系统的积分平方误差最小化技术
Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICPES.2011.6156665
Indranil Saaki, P. C. Babu, C. K. Rao, D. Prasad
A method is proposed for model order reduction for a linear multivariable system by using the combined advantages of dominant pole reduction method and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The PSO reduction algorithm is based on minimization of integral square error (ISE) pertaining to a unit step input. Unlike the conventional method, ISE is circumvented by equality constraints after expressing it in frequency domain using Parseval's theorem. In addition to this, many existing methods for model order reduction are also considered. The proposed method is applied to the transfer function matrix of a 10th order two-input two-out put linear time invariant model of a power system. The performance of the algorithm is tested by comparing it with the other soft computing technique called Genetic Algorithm and also with the other existing techniques.
利用优势极点约简法和粒子群算法的优点,提出了一种线性多变量系统的模型阶数约简方法。粒子群约简算法是基于单位阶跃输入的积分平方误差(ISE)最小化。与传统方法不同的是,利用Parseval定理在频域表示ISE后,规避了等式约束。除此之外,还考虑了许多现有的模型降阶方法。将该方法应用于电力系统10阶二输入二输出线性时不变模型的传递函数矩阵。通过与其他软计算技术遗传算法的比较以及与其他现有技术的比较,对算法的性能进行了测试。
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引用次数: 10
Investigation of neem ethyl ester for electrification 电气化用印楝乙酯的研究
Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICPES.2011.6156615
G. Gowri, M. Kannan, A. Murugesan
Producing an efficient alternative renewable fuel for power generation is the solution for today's power crisis. As the oil prices are increasing day-by-day and the fossil fuels are depleting, why to rely on the fossil fuels for energy?. One of the alternative fuels is bio-fuel which can be obtained from sewage, garbage and waste vegetable oils which would otherwise be difficult to dispose leading to pollution. Biodiesel is a substitute for petroleum-based diesel which is derived from vegetable oils by the process of transesterification. Biodiesel is prevalently used as automobile fuel. Ethyl esters produced by transesterification can be used for rural electrification. In this paper, the electrified quality output obtained using different blends of ethyl ester with diesel and the efficiencies for each blend and pure diesel are studied and the results show that power generation using ethyl ester for rural population will be efficient, reliable and economical.
生产一种高效的可替代可再生能源发电是解决当今电力危机的办法。随着石油价格的日益上涨和化石燃料的消耗,为什么还要依赖化石燃料作为能源呢?其中一种替代燃料是生物燃料,它可以从污水、垃圾和废弃植物油中获得,否则这些燃料将难以处理,导致污染。生物柴油是石油基柴油的替代品,它是从植物油中通过酯交换反应得到的。生物柴油被广泛用作汽车燃料。酯交换生产的乙酯可用于农村电气化。本文研究了不同乙酯与柴油混合后的电气化质量输出,以及每种混合和纯柴油的效率,结果表明,乙酯为农村人口发电是高效、可靠和经济的。
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引用次数: 2
Deployment of System Protection Schemes for enhancing reliability of power system: Operational experience of wide area SPS in Northern Regional Power System in India 提高电力系统可靠性的系统保护方案的部署:印度北部地区电力系统广域SPS的运行经验
Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICPES.2011.6156645
V. Agrawal, R. Porwal, R. Kumar, Pandey Vivek, T. Muthukumar
System Protection Schemes (SPS) are widely accepted as an effective tool for increasing the utilization of power networks by enhancing the resilience of the power system towards rare contingencies. These schemes are considered as 2nd generation protection philosophy after the unit protection philosophy. In the last few years several SPS have been designed and implemented successfully in the Indian Power System. This paper discusses the need for SPS in Indian power system and provides a brief description of the major System Protection Schemes deployed in the Northern Regional Power System in India. The performance of these SPS post-commissioning has also been analyzed briefly. In the end the paper highlights the major issues associated with the deployment of SPS in the Indian context and also suggests the future scope of work in this area.
系统保护方案(SPS)被广泛认为是通过增强电力系统对罕见突发事件的弹性来提高电网利用率的有效工具。这些方案被认为是继单位保护理念之后的第二代保护理念。在过去的几年里,印度电力系统已经成功地设计和实施了几个SPS。本文讨论了印度电力系统中SPS的必要性,并简要介绍了印度北部地区电力系统中部署的主要系统保护方案。并对这些SPS调试后的性能进行了简要分析。最后,论文强调了在印度背景下部署SPS相关的主要问题,并提出了这一领域未来的工作范围。
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引用次数: 17
Predictive dynamic arc model of the pre-flashover leakage current on polymeric insulators 聚合物绝缘子闪络前漏电流的预测动态电弧模型
Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICPES.2011.6156638
C. Muniraj, S. Chandrasekar
This paper deals with the analysis of leakage current characteristics of polymeric insulator due to pollution under wet conditions and also Dynamic model is developed to predict the pre-flashover leakage current of polymeric insulators. The Dynamic arc model presented here which takes into account multiple arc series with pollution resistance and time variation of arc resistance, arc length. In this work, the laboratory based pollution performance tests were carried out on 11kV polymeric insulator under AC voltage at different pollution levels with sodium chloride as a contaminant. For validate the developed model, Leakage current waveforms during the experimental studies were measured. Reported results of this preliminary study on 11kV polymeric insulator shows that the pre-flashover leakage current can be easily predict by the developed dynamic arc model.
本文分析了湿工况下聚合物绝缘子因污染而产生的泄漏电流特性,并建立了预测聚合物绝缘子闪络前泄漏电流的动态模型。本文提出的动态电弧模型考虑了多个具有抗污染能力的电弧序列以及电弧电阻、电弧长度随时间的变化。本文以氯化钠为污染物,在交流电压下对11kV聚合物绝缘子进行了不同污染水平下的室内污染性能试验。为了验证所建立的模型,测量了实验研究过程中的漏电流波形。对11kV聚合物绝缘子的初步研究结果表明,所建立的动态电弧模型可以很容易地预测闪络前泄漏电流。
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引用次数: 1
An ANN based network reconfiguration approach for voltage stability improvement of distribution network 基于人工神经网络的配电网电压稳定性改进网络重构方法
Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICPES.2011.6156643
P. Kayal, S. Chanda, C. K. Chanda
Recent trend in power sector is to automate distribution system to improve their reliability, efficiency and service quality. To facilitate automation of distribution system, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based novel methodology for enhancement of voltage stability by network reconfiguration is presented in this paper. Network reconfiguration is a process which alters the feeder topological structure by changing the open/close status of the sectionalizing (normally closed) and ties switches (normally open) in the system. A new voltage stability index is developed for voltage stability assessment of whole distribution network. In this work, a two stage search of switching option i.e. local search and global search is implemented to achieve desired network configuration. A multilayer ANN model with Error Back Propagation Learning (EBPL) algorithm is simulated for global search to obtained optimal set of candidate switching. The proposed scheme is tested on an 11 kV practical radial distribution system consisting of 52 buses. The experimental results are promising and encouraging. After reconfiguration, better voltage stable condition of the system is attained. Other objectives which are also satisfied are minimization of active and reactive power losses and improvement of voltage profile of most of the buses.
为提高配电系统的可靠性、效率和服务质量,配电系统自动化是电力行业发展的新趋势。为了促进配电网的自动化,提出了一种基于人工神经网络的配电网重构增强电压稳定性的新方法。网络重构是通过改变系统中分路开关(常闭)和纽带开关(常开)的开/关状态来改变馈线拓扑结构的过程。提出了一种新的配电网电压稳定评价指标。本文通过对交换选项进行局部搜索和全局搜索两阶段搜索,实现理想的网络配置。仿真了基于误差反向传播学习(EBPL)算法的多层人工神经网络模型,并对其进行全局搜索以获得最优候选交换集。该方案在一个由52根母线组成的11 kV实用径向配电系统上进行了试验。实验结果是令人鼓舞的。改造后的系统达到了较好的电压稳定状态。其他目标也得到了满足,最大限度地减少了有功和无功功率的损失,并改善了大多数母线的电压分布。
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引用次数: 12
Id-Iq control strategy for mitigation of current harmonics with PI and fuzzy controllers 基于PI和模糊控制器的电流谐波控制策略
Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICPES.2011.6156668
Suresh Mikkili, A. Panda
The prevalent difficulty with harmonics is voltage & current waveform distortion. The Electronic equipment like, computers, battery chargers, electronic ballasts, variable frequency drives, and switching mode power supplies generate perilous harmonics. Issue of Harmonics are of a greater concern to engineers and building designers because they do more than distort voltage waveforms, they can overheat the building wiring, cause nuisance tripping, overheat transformer units, and cause random end-user equipment failures. Thus power quality has become more and more serious with each passing day. As a result active power filter (APF) gains much more attention due to excellent harmonic compensation. But still the performance of the active filter seems to be in contradictions with different control techniques. The main objective of this paper is to analyse shunt active filter with fuzzy and pi controllers. To carry out the analysis, we consider active and reactive current method (id-iq). Extensive simulations were carried out; simulations were performed with balance, unbalanced and non sinusoidal conditions. Simulation results validate the dynamic behaviour of fuzzy logic controller over pi controller.
谐波的普遍困难是电压和电流波形失真。电子设备,如电脑、电池充电器、电子镇流器、变频驱动器和开关电源会产生危险的谐波。谐波问题是工程师和建筑设计师更关心的问题,因为它们不仅仅会扭曲电压波形,还会使建筑布线过热,造成麻烦的跳闸,变压器过热,并导致随机的终端用户设备故障。因此,电能质量问题日益严重。有源电力滤波器(APF)由于其优良的谐波补偿性能而受到越来越多的关注。但是,有源滤波器的性能与不同的控制技术似乎仍然存在矛盾。本文的主要目的是分析带有模糊控制器和pi控制器的并联有源滤波器。为了进行分析,我们考虑了有功和无功电流法(id-iq)。进行了大量的模拟;分别在平衡、不平衡和非正弦条件下进行了仿真。仿真结果验证了模糊控制器对pi控制器的动态行为。
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引用次数: 15
On critical mode of bifurcation point and loadability in shunt compensated multi-bus power system 并联补偿多母线电力系统分岔点及负荷的临界模式研究
Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICPES.2011.6156653
S. D. Naik, M. Khedkar, S. Bhat
In heavily loaded systems, voltage stability limit is usually dominant and voltage instability is usually observed following large disturbance. This is typically the case in the deregulated environment as the transmission systems are operating under more stressed condition due to increased transaction level associated with open access. In recent years, abnormal voltage instability has occurred in several countries. More attention is thus required to be paid to keep voltage profile and hold the voltage stability under control. In this paper simple voltage stability analysis is carried out for a multibus power system (30 Bus System). The effect of shunt compensation on critical eigen value of Jacobian matrix, system loadabilty and static voltage stability is established.
在重负荷系统中,电压稳定极限通常占主导地位,大扰动后通常出现电压不稳定。在放松管制的环境中,由于与开放访问相关的交易水平增加,传输系统在更大的压力条件下运行,这是典型的情况。近年来,一些国家出现了电压异常不稳定的情况。因此,如何保持电压分布和控制电压的稳定性就需要引起更多的注意。本文对多母线电力系统(30母线系统)进行了简单的电压稳定性分析。建立了并联补偿对雅可比矩阵临界特征值、系统负载性和电压静态稳定性的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Optimal location and sizing of STATCOM for voltage security enhancement using PSO-TVAC 利用PSO-TVAC增强电压安全性的STATCOM的最佳位置和尺寸
Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICPES.2011.6156646
S. Varshney, L. Srivastava, M. Pandit
STATCOM is a second generation, shunt connected Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) device. STATCOM is used to support bus voltage by injecting or absorbing the reactive power, therefore it is capable to enhance voltage security. However, owing to the considerable cost of the FACTS device involved, it is important to find the optimal location and sizing of the device in a power system to obtain maximum benefits of the devices. In this paper, most severe single line outage contingencies are considered for finding optimal location and sizing of STATCOM in a power system. As a first step, contingency ranking is performed to determine the most severe line outages by evaluating voltage performance index (VPI). Thereafter Particle Swarm Optimization-Time Varying Acceleration Coefficients (PSO-TVAC) algorithm is used to find the location and size of STATCOM. The proposed methodology is demonstrated on standard IEEE 30-bus system.
STATCOM是第二代,并联的柔性交流传输系统(FACTS)设备。STATCOM通过注入或吸收无功功率来支持母线电压,因此能够增强电压安全性。然而,由于所涉及的FACTS器件的成本相当大,因此找到器件在电力系统中的最佳位置和尺寸以获得器件的最大效益非常重要。本文考虑了电力系统中最严重的单线停电事故,以确定STATCOM的最优位置和规模。首先,通过评估电压性能指数(VPI)进行应急排序,确定最严重的线路中断。在此基础上,采用粒子群优化-时变加速度系数(PSO-TVAC)算法确定了STATCOM的位置和大小。该方法在标准的IEEE 30总线系统上进行了验证。
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引用次数: 18
Performance analysis of Series Active Filter under non sinusoidal supply and non linear loading 串联有源滤波器在非正弦电源和非线性负载下的性能分析
Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ICPES.2011.6156678
K. Venkatraman, M. P. Selvan, S. Moorthi
This paper presents a comparative analysis of performance of Series Active Filter (SAF) under different operating conditions such as non sinusoidal supply and non linear loading. Two control schemes like PI controller based Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) switching and hysteresis voltage controller based switching have been employed in the comparative study. The percentage total harmonic distortion of the compensated load voltage has been considered as a measure for comparison. It has been observed from the simulation results under various operating conditions that the performance of SAF with hysteresis voltage controller is better.
本文对串联有源滤波器在非正弦供电和非线性负载等不同工况下的性能进行了比较分析。采用PI控制器的正弦脉宽调制(SPWM)开关和迟滞电压控制器的开关两种控制方案进行对比研究。补偿负载电压的总谐波失真百分比被认为是一种比较措施。从各种工况下的仿真结果可以看出,带滞回电压控制器的SAF性能更好。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2011 International Conference on Power and Energy Systems
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