Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)最新文献
Forests are an important component of the ecosystem, playing a key role in maintaining biodiversity and climate resilience. However, due to the growing demand for timber and other forest resources, humanity is faced with the need for effective forest management. Mechanized forestry is a promising approach to improving the sustainable management of forest resources. This article discusses some of the machines associated with the mechanization of reforestation and the historical background of the mechanization of forestry.
{"title":"Mechanized forestry, machines and mechanisms used for logging and reforestation","authors":"O. A. Nikiforov, O. Kunitskaya","doi":"10.33920/pro-05-2402-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2402-06","url":null,"abstract":"Forests are an important component of the ecosystem, playing a key role in maintaining biodiversity and climate resilience. However, due to the growing demand for timber and other forest resources, humanity is faced with the need for effective forest management. Mechanized forestry is a promising approach to improving the sustainable management of forest resources. This article discusses some of the machines associated with the mechanization of reforestation and the historical background of the mechanization of forestry.","PeriodicalId":159063,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents the results of a survey of one of the intermunicipal roads in order to develop a project and technology for its repair. In addition to passenger cars, the road is actively operated by logging trucks. This entails increased wear and the appearance of defects. At the same time, traffic safety on the defective road is significantly reduced. The purpose of the work is to survey the road section to select the structure, composition of work, mechanisms and materials that, providing sufficient strength and not high cost.
{"title":"Assessment of defects of an intermunicipal highway with the movement of logging vehicles along it","authors":"A. G. Radygin, A. P. Mohirev","doi":"10.33920/pro-05-2402-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2402-05","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of a survey of one of the intermunicipal roads in order to develop a project and technology for its repair. In addition to passenger cars, the road is actively operated by logging trucks. This entails increased wear and the appearance of defects. At the same time, traffic safety on the defective road is significantly reduced. The purpose of the work is to survey the road section to select the structure, composition of work, mechanisms and materials that, providing sufficient strength and not high cost.","PeriodicalId":159063,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140716504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An approach to the development of a model for controlling chemical oxygen consumption in pulp production based on fuzzy logic is proposed. Since it is not satisfactory to formalize the pulp cooking process strictly mathematically due to the presence of a large number of random factors causing dynamic disturbances of the continuous process, a class of models has been selected that are intuitive to humans and the use of which is not difficult to teach.
{"title":"Development of a model for controlling chemical oxygen consumption in pulp production","authors":"B. M. Shifrin","doi":"10.33920/pro-05-2402-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2402-07","url":null,"abstract":"An approach to the development of a model for controlling chemical oxygen consumption in pulp production based on fuzzy logic is proposed. Since it is not satisfactory to formalize the pulp cooking process strictly mathematically due to the presence of a large number of random factors causing dynamic disturbances of the continuous process, a class of models has been selected that are intuitive to humans and the use of which is not difficult to teach.","PeriodicalId":159063,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)","volume":"241 2‐3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140720125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Kalyashov, I. S. Dolzhikov, V. Y. Shapiro, V. M. Dyachenko, I. V. Grigoriev, M. S. Novikov
In the Russian Federation, a significant part of the territory of the forest fund is located on permafrost. Many regions of Russia have large reserves of ripe and over-mature operational forests, and a significant part of these reserves are located in hard-to-reach places, not vehicles and skidding systems based on them not only remains relevant, but becomes even more acute, since the ecosystems of mountain forests, forests on the slopes of hills, etc., are among the most vulnerable, subject to water and wind erosion. To reduce the negative impact of forest machinery movers on soils, semi-tracked vehicles are often used, which, due to a significantly larger contact spot with the surface of the movement, and a greater traction force in difficult conditions, show better performance characteristics. The article shows that when drawing up a plan for the development of cryolithozone cutting areas on slopes, it is necessary, among other things, to take into account the geotechnical conditions of the cutting area, namely, its relief, hydrogeology, technological properties of composing soils — their stability, strength, bearing capacity, elastic-plastic and deformation characteristics. The results of the performed studies contribute to the solution of the task and allow for a more reliable assessment of the operability of the skidding portage (technological corridor) on the slopes with incomplete information about the parameters of the strength passport (technological properties) of the thawing soil. only in relation to the development of the road network, but also in terms of terrain. Currently, the overwhelming volume of wood harvesting in Russia is produced with the help of modern machine complexes, mainly including wheeled forestry machines of various layouts and purposes. At the same time, the problem of the negative impact of wheeled forest vehicles and skidding systems based on them not only remains relevant, but becomes even more acute, since the ecosystems of mountain forests, forests on the slopes of hills, etc., are among the most vulnerable, subject to water and wind erosion. To reduce the negative impact of forest machinery movers on soils, semi-tracked vehicles are often used, which, due to a significantly larger contact spot with the surface of the movement, and a greater traction force in difficult conditions, show better performance characteristics. The article shows that when drawing up a plan for the development of cryolithozone cutting areas on slopes, it is necessary, among other things, to take into account the geotechnical conditions of the cutting area, namely, its relief, hydrogeology, technological properties of composing soils — their stability, strength, bearing capacity, elastic-plastic and deformation characteristics. The results of the performed studies contribute to the solution of the task and allow for a more reliable assessment of the operability of the skidding portage (technological corridor) on the slopes with incomp
{"title":"Assessment of the efficiency of the skidding portage on the slopes with incomplete information on the technological properties of thawing soils of the cryolithozone","authors":"V. Kalyashov, I. S. Dolzhikov, V. Y. Shapiro, V. M. Dyachenko, I. V. Grigoriev, M. S. Novikov","doi":"10.33920/pro-05-2402-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2402-01","url":null,"abstract":"In the Russian Federation, a significant part of the territory of the forest fund is located on permafrost. Many regions of Russia have large reserves of ripe and over-mature operational forests, and a significant part of these reserves are located in hard-to-reach places, not vehicles and skidding systems based on them not only remains relevant, but becomes even more acute, since the ecosystems of mountain forests, forests on the slopes of hills, etc., are among the most vulnerable, subject to water and wind erosion. To reduce the negative impact of forest machinery movers on soils, semi-tracked vehicles are often used, which, due to a significantly larger contact spot with the surface of the movement, and a greater traction force in difficult conditions, show better performance characteristics. The article shows that when drawing up a plan for the development of cryolithozone cutting areas on slopes, it is necessary, among other things, to take into account the geotechnical conditions of the cutting area, namely, its relief, hydrogeology, technological properties of composing soils — their stability, strength, bearing capacity, elastic-plastic and deformation characteristics. The results of the performed studies contribute to the solution of the task and allow for a more reliable assessment of the operability of the skidding portage (technological corridor) on the slopes with incomplete information about the parameters of the strength passport (technological properties) of the thawing soil. only in relation to the development of the road network, but also in terms of terrain. Currently, the overwhelming volume of wood harvesting in Russia is produced with the help of modern machine complexes, mainly including wheeled forestry machines of various layouts and purposes. At the same time, the problem of the negative impact of wheeled forest vehicles and skidding systems based on them not only remains relevant, but becomes even more acute, since the ecosystems of mountain forests, forests on the slopes of hills, etc., are among the most vulnerable, subject to water and wind erosion. To reduce the negative impact of forest machinery movers on soils, semi-tracked vehicles are often used, which, due to a significantly larger contact spot with the surface of the movement, and a greater traction force in difficult conditions, show better performance characteristics. The article shows that when drawing up a plan for the development of cryolithozone cutting areas on slopes, it is necessary, among other things, to take into account the geotechnical conditions of the cutting area, namely, its relief, hydrogeology, technological properties of composing soils — their stability, strength, bearing capacity, elastic-plastic and deformation characteristics. The results of the performed studies contribute to the solution of the task and allow for a more reliable assessment of the operability of the skidding portage (technological corridor) on the slopes with incomp","PeriodicalId":159063,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140720473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. V. Grigorev, I. N. Dmitrieva, K. S. Akishina, P. Kurochkin, O. Kunitskaya
The article contains material on the structures and features of rope slings and their use in the process of transshipment operations with round timber. Reliable and easy-to-use schemes for building timber cargoes are shown and safety requirements for work with rope slings are studied.
{"title":"Safety of transshipment operations with round timber when using rope slings","authors":"G. V. Grigorev, I. N. Dmitrieva, K. S. Akishina, P. Kurochkin, O. Kunitskaya","doi":"10.33920/pro-05-2402-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2402-04","url":null,"abstract":"The article contains material on the structures and features of rope slings and their use in the process of transshipment operations with round timber. Reliable and easy-to-use schemes for building timber cargoes are shown and safety requirements for work with rope slings are studied.","PeriodicalId":159063,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)","volume":"6 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140716456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. S. Shvetsov, S. A. Seryakov, P. Kurochkin, O. Kunitskaya
Most of the volumes of timber harvesting in Russia and in developed foreign countries are produced by machine, using sorting technology. At the same time, in most cases, either harvesters (producing sorting in apiaries) or felling-packing machines and processors (producing sorting in the upper warehouse) are used to perform processing operations. The vast majority of these machines are equipped with saw chain headsets, the correctness of maintenance and operation of which directly affects not only the effectiveness of basic logging operations, but also the safety of their performance. The article discusses the basic rules of safe operation and proper maintenance of saw sets of forest machines.
{"title":"Problems of safe operation of saw chain sets of forest machines","authors":"A. S. Shvetsov, S. A. Seryakov, P. Kurochkin, O. Kunitskaya","doi":"10.33920/pro-05-2402-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2402-03","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the volumes of timber harvesting in Russia and in developed foreign countries are produced by machine, using sorting technology. At the same time, in most cases, either harvesters (producing sorting in apiaries) or felling-packing machines and processors (producing sorting in the upper warehouse) are used to perform processing operations. The vast majority of these machines are equipped with saw chain headsets, the correctness of maintenance and operation of which directly affects not only the effectiveness of basic logging operations, but also the safety of their performance. The article discusses the basic rules of safe operation and proper maintenance of saw sets of forest machines.","PeriodicalId":159063,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work investigates innovative methods of vacuum drying of composite materials, providing improved preservation of physical and mechanical properties, reduced processing time, and lower energy consumption. A review of modern composite drying technologies is conducted, and the advantages of the vacuum method are identified. The methodoogy of an experimental study of the effectiveness of vacuum drying is presented, utilizing composite material samples and analyzing their properties before and after processing. The obtained results showed a significant improvement in strength characteristics and a 30 % reduction in drying time compared to traditional methods. A 25 % decrease in energy consumption was also observed. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of differences in results between different processing methods. The advantages of vacuum drying are discussed, related to more uniform moisture removal and prevention of thermal damage to composites. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects of applying the developed methods in industrial production to improve quality and reduce costs.
{"title":"Innovative methods of drying composite materials in vacuum","authors":"D. N. Ivashchenko","doi":"10.33920/pro-05-2402-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2402-02","url":null,"abstract":"This work investigates innovative methods of vacuum drying of composite materials, providing improved preservation of physical and mechanical properties, reduced processing time, and lower energy consumption. A review of modern composite drying technologies is conducted, and the advantages of the vacuum method are identified. The methodoogy of an experimental study of the effectiveness of vacuum drying is presented, utilizing composite material samples and analyzing their properties before and after processing. The obtained results showed a significant improvement in strength characteristics and a 30 % reduction in drying time compared to traditional methods. A 25 % decrease in energy consumption was also observed. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of differences in results between different processing methods. The advantages of vacuum drying are discussed, related to more uniform moisture removal and prevention of thermal damage to composites. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects of applying the developed methods in industrial production to improve quality and reduce costs.","PeriodicalId":159063,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article discusses the problems that arise during the conduct of control and supervisory activities on the part of regulatory authorities. The qualification requirements for state labor inspectors, problems of a moral and ethical nature during inspections are considered, the need to divide labor inspectors into legal and technical ones is considered. Proposals have been formulated to improve the interaction between controlled persons and state labor inspectors.
{"title":"Problems of organizing and conducting control and supervisory measures in the field of labor protection","authors":"A. S. Bogdanov","doi":"10.33920/pro-05-2401-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2401-01","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the problems that arise during the conduct of control and supervisory activities on the part of regulatory authorities. The qualification requirements for state labor inspectors, problems of a moral and ethical nature during inspections are considered, the need to divide labor inspectors into legal and technical ones is considered. Proposals have been formulated to improve the interaction between controlled persons and state labor inspectors.","PeriodicalId":159063,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)","volume":"24 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140424469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. S. Dolzhikov, A. S. Dmitriev, I. V. Grigirev, L. M. Mikhailova, P. Kurochkin
Most of the logging enterprises of the Russian Federation are small-scale, and perform low-volume logging. Such enterprises often use mini tractors, or wheeled agricultural tractors. The article analyzes the regulatory and technical problems of the safe use of such equipment in selective logging, most typical for low-volume logging production.
{"title":"Problems of safe use of mini tractors and agricultural tractors in low-volume logging","authors":"I. S. Dolzhikov, A. S. Dmitriev, I. V. Grigirev, L. M. Mikhailova, P. Kurochkin","doi":"10.33920/pro-05-2401-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2401-02","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the logging enterprises of the Russian Federation are small-scale, and perform low-volume logging. Such enterprises often use mini tractors, or wheeled agricultural tractors. The article analyzes the regulatory and technical problems of the safe use of such equipment in selective logging, most typical for low-volume logging production.","PeriodicalId":159063,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of industrial safety of personnel of a woodworking enterprise in the Far Eastern Federal District. The article does not specify the name of the company in order to avoid a conflict situation. The article, first of all, will be useful to the heads of enterprises of this profile and employees of their labor protection departments, since it allows you to take a «look from the outside» and take the necessary corrective measures.
{"title":"Development and proposal measures to reduce injuries at the woodworking enterprise","authors":"O. Kunitskaya, V. A. Abrashkin, P. Kurochkin","doi":"10.33920/pro-05-2401-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/pro-05-2401-08","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of industrial safety of personnel of a woodworking enterprise in the Far Eastern Federal District. The article does not specify the name of the company in order to avoid a conflict situation. The article, first of all, will be useful to the heads of enterprises of this profile and employees of their labor protection departments, since it allows you to take a «look from the outside» and take the necessary corrective measures.","PeriodicalId":159063,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)","volume":"41 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140425725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bezopasnost i okhrana truda v lesozagotovitelnom i derevoobrabatyvayuschem proizvodstvakh (Occupational Health and Safety in Logging and Woodworking Industries)
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