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Dignity and Human Rights Violations at the Workplace: Intersectional Vulnerability of Women Domestic Workers in India 工作场所的尊严和人权侵犯:印度家庭女工的交叉脆弱性
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-023-00280-1
Chitra Karunakaran Prasanna, Lekha Divakara Bhat, Sumalatha Bevinje Subbyamoola, Sandra Moolan Joseph

The paper explored the dignity and human rights violations faced by women domestic workers in India at their workplaces through an intersectional lens. The country has over 50 million domestic workers, primarily women, who face multiple structural vulnerabilities at work. The existing literature on domestic workers focused more on the violations of economic labour rights. The subjective experience of daily loss of dignity, humiliation, and human rights violations at the workplace remains relatively unexplored in India. In this context, a survey was conducted among 600 women domestic workers from three selected States – 200 each in Mizoram, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. The research team held six focus group discussions with domestic workers and ten in-depth interviews with NGO personnel and activists. A mixed methodology approach was employed, wherein quantitative and qualitative tools were used, followed by data integration to outline the phenomena under enquiry. The study identified multiple forms of restrictions and prohibitions in the workspaces through which discrimination and humiliation of domestic workers occur, violating their rights and dignity. The paper argues that women domestic workers are highly vulnerable to exploitation, and their identity in terms of gender, caste, class, and ethnicity, creates complex forms of intersectional disadvantages. The feminisation of domestic work and the consequent devaluation of work make the intersectional disadvantages, humiliation, harassment, and exploitation generally invisible. The scenario calls for multi-stakeholder interventions and social action to create decent workspaces to improve the working conditions and social well-being of women domestic workers.

本文通过交叉视角探讨了印度家庭女工在工作场所面临的尊严和人权侵犯问题。该国有5000多万家庭佣工,主要是妇女,她们在工作中面临多重结构性脆弱性。现有关于家庭佣工的文献更多地侧重于侵犯经济劳动权利。在印度,每天在工作场所失去尊严、羞辱和侵犯人权的主观体验仍然相对未被探索。在这方面,对来自米佐拉姆邦、泰米尔纳德邦和喀拉拉邦三个选定邦的600名家庭女工进行了一项调查。研究小组对家政工人进行了6次焦点小组讨论,对非政府组织人员和活动人士进行了10次深度访谈。采用混合方法方法,其中使用了定量和定性工具,然后进行数据整合,以概述正在调查的现象。该研究确定了工作场所中多种形式的限制和禁止,通过这些限制和禁止发生对家庭佣工的歧视和侮辱,侵犯了她们的权利和尊严。本文认为,女性家政工人极易受到剥削,她们在性别、种姓、阶级和种族方面的身份造成了复杂形式的交叉劣势。家务劳动的女性化以及随之而来的劳动价值的贬值,使得交织在一起的不利条件、羞辱、骚扰和剥削通常是看不见的。这一设想要求多方利益攸关方采取干预措施和社会行动,创造体面的工作空间,改善家庭女工的工作条件和社会福利。
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引用次数: 0
Human Rights in Chilean Prisons: Advances and Pending Challenges from a Social Work Perspective 智利监狱的人权:从社会工作的角度来看,进步和未决的挑战
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-023-00276-x
Guillermo E. Sanhueza

Prison conditions and the treatment of incarcerated individuals in Chile have improved a great deal when compared to the end-of-the-dictatorship period at the beginning of the 1990s. Along with rapid societal changes over the last decade, the Chilean prison system has been transformed in many ways. Today, human rights are more visible within the prison system through a variety of indicators, both quantitative and qualitative. On the other hand, it still has pending tasks and faces new challenges, such as: historical deficit on infrastructure and material conditions, violence inside prison walls, insufficient program access, the COVID-19 crisis, changes in its population, or the threat of organized crime. Although Chile is currently under a democratic regime, the authoritarian legacy still persists and can be traced to how the prison system is operated and structured. Today, the prison service depends on the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights and houses about 45,000 incarcerated individuals, a rate of approximately 236 per 100,000 inhabitants (ICPS, 2022). Some have argued that the Chilean prison system is in better shape than neighboring countries, but others criticize its similarities to the rest of the region, which are far from adequate standards when compared to developed countries. This paper utilizes quantitative and qualitative data to describe some of the efforts that have been made to improve the human rights of the incarcerated, critically analyze some pending challenges, and identify current roles and opportunities for social work professionals inside Chilean prisons.

与1990年代初独裁时期结束时相比,智利的监狱条件和被监禁人员的待遇有了很大改善。随着过去十年快速的社会变革,智利的监狱系统在许多方面发生了变化。今天,人权通过各种数量和质量指标在监狱系统中更加明显。另一方面,它仍然有待完成的任务和面临的新挑战,例如:基础设施和物质条件的历史赤字、监狱内的暴力、项目准入不足、COVID-19危机、人口变化或有组织犯罪的威胁。虽然智利目前是一个民主政权,但独裁的遗产仍然存在,可以追溯到监狱系统的运作和结构。今天,监狱服务依赖于司法和人权部,关押着大约45,000名在押人员,大约每10万居民中有236人(ICPS, 2022年)。一些人认为智利的监狱系统比邻国更好,但也有人批评智利与该地区其他国家的相似之处,与发达国家相比,这些国家的标准远远不够。本文利用定量和定性数据来描述为改善被监禁者的人权所做的一些努力,批判性地分析一些悬而未决的挑战,并确定智利监狱内社会工作专业人员的当前角色和机会。
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引用次数: 0
Social Work and Sustainable Development Goals: A Human Rights Common Agenda 社会工作和可持续发展目标:人权共同议程
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-023-00275-y
Nélida Ramírez Naranjo

The theme for World Social Work Day (WSWD) 2017 focused on “promoting environmental and community sustainability.” The day celebrated and promoted all the actions related to this theme in which social workers are engaged. The WSWD slogan reiterated the third pillar of the Global Agenda for Social Work and Social Development, developed by three international social work bodies, and was aligned with the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for sustainable development. The connection between the two agendas is connected to human rights and highlights the need for some theoretical and methodological reflections to deepen the understanding of sustainable development with the aim of identifying and analyzing the foundations of social work education and practice in this field of action. This article presents background information that allows an understanding of the specific importance of social work in the achievement of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Curricular planning in social work education should be properly aligned with the SDGs to equip students with the skills and competencies necessary to work with target communities. Incorporating the SDGs into the professional curriculum of social work, as well as creating pedagogical tools to connect with new target groups, should create better opportunities for social workers to enhance their professional activities. As a specific reference, a Chilean experience is presented that demonstrates how the SDGs allow for the implementation of community empowerment strategies and policy advocacy at the local level.

2017年世界社会工作日的主题是“促进环境和社区的可持续发展”。这一天庆祝并促进了社会工作者参与的与这一主题相关的所有行动。社会工作署的口号重申了社会工作和社会发展全球议程的第三个支柱,该议程由三个国际社会工作机构制定,并与联合国2030年可持续发展议程保持一致。这两个议程之间的联系与人权有关,并强调需要进行一些理论和方法上的反思,以加深对可持续发展的理解,目的是确定和分析这一行动领域的社会工作教育和实践的基础。本文介绍了背景信息,使人们能够理解社会工作在实现联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)中的具体重要性。社会工作教育的课程规划应与可持续发展目标保持一致,使学生具备与目标社区合作所需的技能和能力。将可持续发展目标纳入社会工作的专业课程,以及创建与新的目标群体联系的教学工具,应该为社会工作者创造更好的机会来加强他们的专业活动。作为具体参考,智利的经验展示了可持续发展目标如何允许在地方层面实施社区赋权战略和政策倡导。
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引用次数: 0
Social Work and Human Rights: Learning from COVID-19 社会工作与人权:从2019冠状病毒病中学习
IF 1.2 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-023-00278-9
Chathapuram Ramanathan, Marianna L. Colvin, Dana Dillard, Nathan Stephens, Tina Vitolo

The purpose of this paper is to (1) examine global human rights disparities that were acutely revealed or exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) explore ways that the identification of disparities and lessons learned during the pandemic offer opportunities for social work education. The article begins with an overview of global human rights in the categories of gender, children, race/ethnicity, environment, and socioeconomic status. The use of an intersectionality framework is then suggested as one lens for examining lessons learned during the pandemic to improve our global preparation and response. We do not want to wait for the next crisis to find populations with the same human rights vulnerability.

本文的目的是:(1)审查因COVID-19大流行而严重暴露或加剧的全球人权差距;(2)探索如何识别大流行期间的差距和吸取的教训,为社会工作教育提供机会。本文首先概述了性别、儿童、种族/民族、环境和社会经济地位等方面的全球人权。然后建议使用交叉性框架作为审查大流行期间吸取的教训的一个镜头,以改进我们的全球准备和应对工作。我们不希望等到下一次危机时才发现同样易受人权侵害的人口。
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引用次数: 0
Visible Waste, Invisible Workers: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic for Securing Healthcare Sanitation Workers’ Rights in India 看得见的浪费,看不见的工人:从2019冠状病毒病大流行中汲取的教训:确保印度卫生保健环卫工人的权利
Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-023-00277-w
Tanya S. Monteiro
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引用次数: 0
Identity and Justice for Argentinean-Identified Grandchildren: DNA-Testing as a Turning Point 阿根廷人孙辈的身份和正义:dna测试是一个转折点
Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-023-00266-z
Cecilia de Baggis, Magdalena Jiménez Naharro, Susanna Pallini
Abstract During the Argentinean military dictatorship (1976–1983), 130 children of desaparecidos (disappeared) born during their mothers’ captivity and then kidnapped by families close to the military were identified thanks to the efforts of human rights organizations and especially of their grandparents. DNA testing was used for verifying their identity. Based on the principle of the right to identity, if the children refused DNA testing, they were forced against their right to privacy. Ten identified grandchildren were interviewed and transcripts were codified in six categories. All interviewees considered the DNA testing the turning point for their social identity. These observations support the Argentinean legislative orientation.
在阿根廷军事独裁统治期间(1976-1983),130名在母亲被囚禁期间出生的失联儿童(desaparecidos)在人权组织的努力下,特别是在他们的祖父母的努力下,被军方亲属绑架。DNA测试被用来验证他们的身份。根据身份权原则,如果孩子们拒绝DNA检测,他们就被迫放弃了自己的隐私权。对10名已确定的孙辈进行了访谈,并将记录整理为6类。所有受访者都认为DNA测试是他们社会身份的转折点。这些意见支持阿根廷的立法方向。
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引用次数: 0
Exiting Commercial Sex Work: a Case of Adolescent Street Girls of the Harare Central Business District in Zimbabwe 退出商业性工作:津巴布韦哈拉雷中央商务区青春期街头女孩的案例
Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-023-00267-y
Witness Chikoko
Abstract The paper interrogates narratives of adolescent street girls of the Harare Central Business District, Zimbabwe, exiting commercial sex work. A qualitative research methodology punctuated by street ethnography was adopted to gather data for the paper. A feminist social work approach and empowerment theory were used to have a deeper understanding of the lives of these children. Research findings suggest that there were very few cases where adolescent street girls of Harare Central Business District were successfully exiting transactional sex. There were varied and multiple reasons why they could not successfully exit commercial sex work. Some of them included addiction on commercial sex work, limited survival options outside commercial sex work, peer pressure, street subculture, and substance abuse. The paper concludes by advocating and lobbying key stakeholders such as the Government of Zimbabwe to improve the lives of children in street situations through provision of social protection mechanisms.
摘要:本文探讨了津巴布韦哈拉雷中央商务区的青春期街头女孩,退出商业性工作的叙述。通过街头人种学的定性研究方法被采用来收集论文的数据。运用女权主义的社会工作方法和赋权理论,更深入地了解这些孩子的生活。研究结果表明,哈拉雷中央商务区的青春期街头女孩成功退出交易性行为的案例非常少。她们无法成功退出商业性工作的原因多种多样。其中包括对商业性工作上瘾、商业性工作之外的有限生存选择、同辈压力、街头亚文化和药物滥用。最后,本文倡导并游说津巴布韦政府等主要利益攸关方,通过提供社会保护机制来改善街头儿童的生活。
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引用次数: 0
Religion, Women, and Girls’ Rights in Zimbabwe: the Case of Zimbabwe’s Johanne Marange Apostolic Church 津巴布韦的宗教、妇女和女童权利:津巴布韦约翰娜·马兰吉使徒教会的案例
Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-023-00271-2
Cornelius Dudzai, Kwashirai Zvokuomba, Tarisai Gracious Mboko
Abstract The study sought to understand the position of the Johanne Marange Apostolic Church on women and girls’ rights in Zimbabwe. Engaging in this study came out of the realization that women and girls’ rights are compromised in religious settings and the issue goes on unreported. Deploying a qualitative research methodology framework buttressed by the gendered human rights–based theoretical approach, the study collected empirical evidence through semi-structured in-depth interviews as well as participant observation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty participants — fifteen young women and five males. All the twenty participants were members of the Johanne Marange Apostolic Church. Snowball sampling was used in selecting the participants. It was established that the church doctrine within the Johanne Marange Apostolic Church provides a conducive environment for the abuse of women and the girl child under the guise of ‘sacredness’ of the religious sect. This has been and is still going on unchecked. The study concluded that abuse cases through forced and teen marriages to older men are facilitated by both adult men and women and is highly safeguarded within religious cultism. The study recommends that the government and non-state actors need to enhance child protection services and programmes in religious settings for the purpose of protecting and removing the vulnerabilities of girls within the church by prosecuting perpetrators.
摘要:本研究旨在了解约翰娜·马兰吉使徒教会对津巴布韦妇女和女童权利的立场。参与这项研究是因为认识到妇女和女孩的权利在宗教环境中受到损害,而且这个问题没有得到报道。本研究采用定性研究方法框架,以性别人权为基础的理论方法为基础,通过半结构化的深度访谈和参与者观察收集经验证据。对20名参与者进行了半结构化访谈——15名年轻女性和5名男性。所有20名参与者都是约翰娜·马兰吉使徒教会的成员。采用滚雪球抽样的方法选择研究对象。已经确定的是,约翰娜·马兰吉使徒教会内部的教会教义为在宗教教派“神圣”的幌子下虐待妇女和女童提供了有利的环境。这种情况一直没有得到控制,而且仍在继续。该研究的结论是,成年男子和妇女都为强迫和青少年与年长男子结婚的虐待案件提供了便利,并在宗教崇拜中得到高度保护。该研究建议,政府和非国家行为体需要加强宗教环境中的儿童保护服务和方案,以通过起诉肇事者来保护和消除教会内女孩的脆弱性。
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引用次数: 0
“We Don’t Turn Away Families”: Support for Immigrant Families with Young Children During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic “我们不会拒绝家庭”:在COVID-19大流行期间和之后为有幼儿的移民家庭提供支持
Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-023-00262-3
Carolina Villamil Grest, Megan Finno-Velasquez, Anayeli Lopez, Sophia Sepp
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引用次数: 0
“Stay in Your Own Lane” the Inherent Flaws Undermining Children’s Rights Within Australia’s Family Law System: A Perspective from the Field “自行其是”:澳大利亚家庭法律制度中损害儿童权利的内在缺陷:一个田野视角
Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.1007/s41134-023-00272-1
Laura Dodds, Catherine Creamer, Zalia Powell, Cindy Davis
Abstract The social scientists and legal professionals who work in family law in Australia should be recognised for working tirelessly in a complex, overworked, and archaic system. A system that underserves their capacity to maintain integrity, expertise, and ethical diligence in the professions they are assigned. In this perspective piece, we acknowledge the innovative work being done within this system to strive to meet the best interests of the children they serve, whilst highlighting the fundamental flaws of an adversarial system that breeds acculturation across disciplines and disables the practitioners who operate within these systems from legitimately performing their duties and championing the human rights of children.
在澳大利亚从事家庭法工作的社会科学家和法律专业人士应该得到认可,他们在一个复杂、过度劳累和古老的系统中不知疲倦地工作。这一体系无法满足他们在被指派的职业中保持诚信、专业知识和道德勤勉的能力。在这篇透视文章中,我们承认在这个系统内正在进行的创新工作,努力满足他们所服务的儿童的最大利益,同时强调了一个对抗性系统的根本缺陷,这种系统滋生了跨学科的文化适应,并使在这些系统内运作的从业者无法合法地履行他们的职责和捍卫儿童的人权。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Human Rights and Social Work
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