Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.3.432
N. Birjandi, F. Karami, D. Tavakoli
Background & objectives : In the field of health, silver nanoparticles are used to make detergents. Considering the negative environmental problems in the conventional methods of synthesizing silver nanoparticles, this experimental study was conducted with the aim of using an environmentally friendly method for the production of silver in the form of antimicrobial nanoparticles and its application in detergent production. Methods: In this research, in order to synthesize silver nanoparticles, the method of electrical explosion of wire and PNC device was used in distilled water solution as a plasma medium. Size, structural properties and morphology were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. To prepare the detergent, the method selected by various pre-tests, which had the best result, was used and the antimicrobial activity test was finally performed. Results: The results obtained using microscopic methods showed that the nanosized silver particles were spherical and had a mean particle size of 40 nm and remained stable in distilled water solution. The results of the antimicrobial test showed that the detergent containing silver nanoparticles had the highest and lowest antimicrobial activity against staphylococcal coagulase and colonic bacteria, respectively. Conclusions: Based on the results, electrical wire explosion is an appropriate and environmentally friendly method for producing silver nanoparticles. The detergent production using synthetic silver nanoparticles, along with its antimicrobial properties, is a good advancement in health and medicine.
{"title":"Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Environmentally Friendly Method and Study of Its Antimicrobial Properties in Soap Detergent Production","authors":"N. Birjandi, F. Karami, D. Tavakoli","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.3.432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.3.432","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives : In the field of health, silver nanoparticles are used to make detergents. Considering the negative environmental problems in the conventional methods of synthesizing silver nanoparticles, this experimental study was conducted with the aim of using an environmentally friendly method for the production of silver in the form of antimicrobial nanoparticles and its application in detergent production. Methods: In this research, in order to synthesize silver nanoparticles, the method of electrical explosion of wire and PNC device was used in distilled water solution as a plasma medium. Size, structural properties and morphology were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. To prepare the detergent, the method selected by various pre-tests, which had the best result, was used and the antimicrobial activity test was finally performed. Results: The results obtained using microscopic methods showed that the nanosized silver particles were spherical and had a mean particle size of 40 nm and remained stable in distilled water solution. The results of the antimicrobial test showed that the detergent containing silver nanoparticles had the highest and lowest antimicrobial activity against staphylococcal coagulase and colonic bacteria, respectively. Conclusions: Based on the results, electrical wire explosion is an appropriate and environmentally friendly method for producing silver nanoparticles. The detergent production using synthetic silver nanoparticles, along with its antimicrobial properties, is a good advancement in health and medicine.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"341 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75940325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.3.385
F. Ghofranipour, F. Ahmadi, S. Ghaffarifar
Background & objectives: Improper communication is the most common reason for patients to complain to doctors. Despite numerous interventions to teach communication skills to physicians, the effect of these interventions on patient satisfaction has not been studied or the increase in patient satisfaction has been slight. Given that conducting interventions based on theories and models of behavior change leads to increased effectiveness of educational interventions, in this paper the role of an educational intervention based on PRECEDE PROCEED model on increasing patients' satisfaction with each of the communication skills of medical interns is reported. Methods: This study was conducted as a part of a larger quasi-experimental research at internal medicine ward of Shariati Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Applying a valid and reliable questionnaire, satisfaction rate of 242, 231, 223, and 254 patients with communication skills of 70 interns, was assessed and analyzed before, immediately, two weeks and four weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed and the strongest and weakest communication skills of the interns were determined. Results: In each of the four periods of assessment in this study, the patients' satisfaction with interns' communication skills ranged from 31 to 50 (from a whole of 70). Patients had the highest degree of satisfaction with warm, friendly, and respectful behavior of interns. Patients' least satisfaction was related to interns' skills in considering their opinions in the decision making process to diagnose and treat their medical problems. Conclusion: In this study, patients' satisfaction with interns' communication skills was medium to high. It is recommended that in order to improve interns' communication skills and to increase patients' satisfaction, interns should be provided with constructive feedback, based on the results of the satisfaction surveys.
{"title":"The Effect of the Educational Intervention based on the PRECEDE PROCEED Model on Patients' Satisfaction with Medical Interns’ Communication Skills","authors":"F. Ghofranipour, F. Ahmadi, S. Ghaffarifar","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.3.385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.3.385","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Improper communication is the most common reason for patients to complain to doctors. Despite numerous interventions to teach communication skills to physicians, the effect of these interventions on patient satisfaction has not been studied or the increase in patient satisfaction has been slight. Given that conducting interventions based on theories and models of behavior change leads to increased effectiveness of educational interventions, in this paper the role of an educational intervention based on PRECEDE PROCEED model on increasing patients' satisfaction with each of the communication skills of medical interns is reported. Methods: This study was conducted as a part of a larger quasi-experimental research at internal medicine ward of Shariati Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Applying a valid and reliable questionnaire, satisfaction rate of 242, 231, 223, and 254 patients with communication skills of 70 interns, was assessed and analyzed before, immediately, two weeks and four weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed and the strongest and weakest communication skills of the interns were determined. Results: In each of the four periods of assessment in this study, the patients' satisfaction with interns' communication skills ranged from 31 to 50 (from a whole of 70). Patients had the highest degree of satisfaction with warm, friendly, and respectful behavior of interns. Patients' least satisfaction was related to interns' skills in considering their opinions in the decision making process to diagnose and treat their medical problems. Conclusion: In this study, patients' satisfaction with interns' communication skills was medium to high. It is recommended that in order to improve interns' communication skills and to increase patients' satisfaction, interns should be provided with constructive feedback, based on the results of the satisfaction surveys.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74076786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.3.397
S. Mazloomi, H. Nourmoradi, Z. Tazik, S. Ghodsei, A. Amarloei
Background & objectives: WHO has identified Leishmaniasis as one of the six major diseases in tropical and subtropical regions. Due to the high prevalence of this disease during recent years in the Mehran Township and becoming one of the high-risk areas, this study aimed to determine the status of Leishmaniasis in the Mehran Township during 2013-2017. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the data of all Leishmaniasis disease patients referred to the health centers of Mehran Township were investigated during 2013-2017. Required data such as gender, job, place of residence, and age of patients were collected and analyzed by Excel software. Results: In this research, the numbers of people with Leishmaniasis were 2037 during the years of 2013 to 2017, of which 56.16% (1144 people) were men and 69.70% (1419 people) were residents in the urban area. The age group of 0-10 years with 29.70% (605 people) had the highest prevalence rate. From job perspective, housewives had the highest percentages with 27.10% (277 people) during 2015 to 2017. Conclusion: Performing actions such as justifying the authorities about the importance of the disease especially the risk of it becoming epidemic, implementation control programs for carriers and reservoirs with appropriate establishment, paying more attention to the training of health care providers in the public and private sectors, and paying attention to community education especially in the endemic areas can be effective in controlling this disease.
{"title":"Survey of Leishmaniasis Prevalence Status in Ilam Province during 2013-2017 (Case Study: Mehran Township)","authors":"S. Mazloomi, H. Nourmoradi, Z. Tazik, S. Ghodsei, A. Amarloei","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.3.397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.3.397","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: WHO has identified Leishmaniasis as one of the six major diseases in tropical and subtropical regions. Due to the high prevalence of this disease during recent years in the Mehran Township and becoming one of the high-risk areas, this study aimed to determine the status of Leishmaniasis in the Mehran Township during 2013-2017. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the data of all Leishmaniasis disease patients referred to the health centers of Mehran Township were investigated during 2013-2017. Required data such as gender, job, place of residence, and age of patients were collected and analyzed by Excel software. Results: In this research, the numbers of people with Leishmaniasis were 2037 during the years of 2013 to 2017, of which 56.16% (1144 people) were men and 69.70% (1419 people) were residents in the urban area. The age group of 0-10 years with 29.70% (605 people) had the highest prevalence rate. From job perspective, housewives had the highest percentages with 27.10% (277 people) during 2015 to 2017. Conclusion: Performing actions such as justifying the authorities about the importance of the disease especially the risk of it becoming epidemic, implementation control programs for carriers and reservoirs with appropriate establishment, paying more attention to the training of health care providers in the public and private sectors, and paying attention to community education especially in the endemic areas can be effective in controlling this disease.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81344533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.2.208
V. Nemati, Y. Babaei, S. Ferdowsi, M. Aghandeh, N. Abbasgholizadeh
Background & objectives: One of the dominant groups in the tourism industry is the host community, whose perceptions and attitudes about the effect of tourism on destination are decisive for the tourism development, and also for planning and management of destinations. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of health tourism on promoting social well-being of the host community. Methods: This research, based on both the applied purpose and method of the study, was a descriptive survey with a questionnaire that was conducted in the summer of 2019. The statistical population of the study was residents of Sarein city with a sample size of 200 people who were selected by stratified sampling. To analyze the data, structural equations with SMARTPLS-3 software were used. Results: The results showed that health tourism development with path coefficient of 0.582 had a positive and significant effect on the promotion of social well-being. In evaluation the impact of health tourism dimensions, the results showed that economic, social and cultural factors of health tourism with coefficients of 0.496, 0.356 and 0.342, respectively, had positive and significant effects on social welfare of the host community. Conclusion: Tourism industry is one of the industries that have the most communication with the people in the community. Residents of health tourism destinations have different viewpoints on benefits and costs of tourism. Health tourism is one of the factors promoting the social well-being of the host community in the Sarein city and the role of economic factors is more than other factors.
{"title":"Impact of the Health Tourism on Promoting Social Well-being of the Host Community","authors":"V. Nemati, Y. Babaei, S. Ferdowsi, M. Aghandeh, N. Abbasgholizadeh","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.2.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.2.208","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: One of the dominant groups in the tourism industry is the host community, whose perceptions and attitudes about the effect of tourism on destination are decisive for the tourism development, and also for planning and management of destinations. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of health tourism on promoting social well-being of the host community. Methods: This research, based on both the applied purpose and method of the study, was a descriptive survey with a questionnaire that was conducted in the summer of 2019. The statistical population of the study was residents of Sarein city with a sample size of 200 people who were selected by stratified sampling. To analyze the data, structural equations with SMARTPLS-3 software were used. Results: The results showed that health tourism development with path coefficient of 0.582 had a positive and significant effect on the promotion of social well-being. In evaluation the impact of health tourism dimensions, the results showed that economic, social and cultural factors of health tourism with coefficients of 0.496, 0.356 and 0.342, respectively, had positive and significant effects on social welfare of the host community. Conclusion: Tourism industry is one of the industries that have the most communication with the people in the community. Residents of health tourism destinations have different viewpoints on benefits and costs of tourism. Health tourism is one of the factors promoting the social well-being of the host community in the Sarein city and the role of economic factors is more than other factors.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74716892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.153
مهدی غایب زاده, حسن اصلانی, حسن تقی پور
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of the Application of Incineration Technologies and Other Waste Disposal Methods in Iran Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)","authors":"مهدی غایب زاده, حسن اصلانی, حسن تقی پور","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87631170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.276
A. Rostamzadeh, A. M. Ahari
Background & objectives: Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) is one of the problems that health systems are involved in. Patients who leave hospital against medical advice may be at risk of adverse health outcomes and readmission. The aim of this study was to determine the causes of discharge with personal consent and to perform appropriate interventions to reduce it in the hospital under study. Methods: This study was a pre- and post-interventional study. First, the data extracted from the discharge sheets were analyzed with personal consent in the hospital safety office, then interventions were designed to reduce the self-discharge rate with personal consent and the results were compared with the results with pre-intervention outcomes. Results: The rate of DAMA before the intervention was 10% which decreased to 8% after the intervention. The most important reasons for discharge against medical advice were family obstacle, lack of satisfaction to be inpatient and feeling of recovery. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the majority of discharges AMA were due to patient-related issues. Increasing patients' awareness of the possible side effects of discharge with personal consent, planning an outpatient treatment program, timely assignment of the patient and establishing effective communication can be helpful in reducing the discharge AMA cases.
{"title":"Surveying the Effect of Clinical Audit Process on Discharge against Medical Advice from Hospital Emergency Ward in Tabriz, Iran","authors":"A. Rostamzadeh, A. M. Ahari","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.276","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) is one of the problems that health systems are involved in. Patients who leave hospital against medical advice may be at risk of adverse health outcomes and readmission. The aim of this study was to determine the causes of discharge with personal consent and to perform appropriate interventions to reduce it in the hospital under study. Methods: This study was a pre- and post-interventional study. First, the data extracted from the discharge sheets were analyzed with personal consent in the hospital safety office, then interventions were designed to reduce the self-discharge rate with personal consent and the results were compared with the results with pre-intervention outcomes. Results: The rate of DAMA before the intervention was 10% which decreased to 8% after the intervention. The most important reasons for discharge against medical advice were family obstacle, lack of satisfaction to be inpatient and feeling of recovery. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the majority of discharges AMA were due to patient-related issues. Increasing patients' awareness of the possible side effects of discharge with personal consent, planning an outpatient treatment program, timely assignment of the patient and establishing effective communication can be helpful in reducing the discharge AMA cases.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76704065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.265
F. Ghafouri, S. Ghamati, A. Zar, S. Alavi
Background & objectives: Sports for all is kind of physical activity which improve physical, mental and social abilities. The purpose of this study was to identify the place of education in the process of people's tendency towards sport for all. Methods: This research was descriptive and applied (in terms of purpose). The statistical population was all professors and specialists in sports management, managers of federations, general managers of sports and youth of the provinces and senior experts of the Ministry of Sports and Youth (N=343). By stratified random sampling method and based on Morgan table, 181 people were selected as sample, among them 135 sample had analyzable questionnaires. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire that its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test (α=0.83). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, frequency percentage, mean) and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, one-sample t-test and Friedman test) in SPSS software version 23. Results: The results showed that the variables of awareness ( p =0.01, t=20.03), attractiveness ( p =0.01, t=61.77), belonging ( p =0.01, t=17.21), loyalty ( p =0.01, t=22.36) and education ( p =0.01, t=36.69) had significant roles in people's tendency to sports for all. It was found that the factors affecting people's tendency to sports for all, included the component of attractiveness (average rank: 4.43), education (average rank: 3.00), loyalty (average rank: 2.91), belonging (average rank: 2.41) and awareness (average rating: 2.26), respectively. In addition, it was found that with the increased level of education, the position of education in the tendency of people to public sports decreased. Conclusion: Due to the role of education in the tendency of people to sports for all, it is suggested that the country's sports for all authorities to provide a platform for sports for all education for different segments of society by producing educational programs in media and employing sports coaches for neighborhoods.
{"title":"Identify the Place of Education in the Process of People's Tendency towards Sport for All","authors":"F. Ghafouri, S. Ghamati, A. Zar, S. Alavi","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.265","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Sports for all is kind of physical activity which improve physical, mental and social abilities. The purpose of this study was to identify the place of education in the process of people's tendency towards sport for all. Methods: This research was descriptive and applied (in terms of purpose). The statistical population was all professors and specialists in sports management, managers of federations, general managers of sports and youth of the provinces and senior experts of the Ministry of Sports and Youth (N=343). By stratified random sampling method and based on Morgan table, 181 people were selected as sample, among them 135 sample had analyzable questionnaires. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire that its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test (α=0.83). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, frequency percentage, mean) and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, one-sample t-test and Friedman test) in SPSS software version 23. Results: The results showed that the variables of awareness ( p =0.01, t=20.03), attractiveness ( p =0.01, t=61.77), belonging ( p =0.01, t=17.21), loyalty ( p =0.01, t=22.36) and education ( p =0.01, t=36.69) had significant roles in people's tendency to sports for all. It was found that the factors affecting people's tendency to sports for all, included the component of attractiveness (average rank: 4.43), education (average rank: 3.00), loyalty (average rank: 2.91), belonging (average rank: 2.41) and awareness (average rating: 2.26), respectively. In addition, it was found that with the increased level of education, the position of education in the tendency of people to public sports decreased. Conclusion: Due to the role of education in the tendency of people to sports for all, it is suggested that the country's sports for all authorities to provide a platform for sports for all education for different segments of society by producing educational programs in media and employing sports coaches for neighborhoods.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84179495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.178
S. S. Barjoee, Hamid Reza Azimzadeh, Talebi Varaoon, M. Abbasi, Hamid Sodaiezadeh
Background & objectives: Air pollution is considered as an ultrastructural element in urban transportation systems as an important indicator of human health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the PM 10 pollution range of two main highways of Ardakan city and determine the contribution of these highways to the health risk of their residents due to exposure to these pollutants by modeling method. Methods: This descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on two highways of Meybod Ardakan and Ardakan Nain. IVE and AERMOD models were used for estimation of emission rate of PM 10 in four seasons of the year, and also dispersion and exposure rates to PM 10 . The information required to run the models was collected by observational statistics, information from the police research center and the meteorological research center of Yazd province. By identifying six PM 10 exposure groups in the pollution range of these two highways, the health risk assessment was performed using the proposed USEPA relationships. Results: In four seasons of the year, the mean and maximum concentration of PM10 of Meybod Ardakan highway were predicted more than Ardakan Nain highway. Although the minimum 24-hour and annual concentrations of PM 10 dispersion in Ardakan Nain Highway were less than that of Meybod Ardakan, the pollution limit of this highway was predicted more. Among the six groups exposed to PM 10 in all time intervals, the highest exposure belonged to Ardakan Naein road police and the least to residents of Shahid Paydar Park. Cancer and non-cancerous risk exposure to PM 10 was estimated in acceptable range in all age groups and categories. Conclusion: With the modeling method used, the contribution of the two investigated highways in predicting the health risk of surrounding residents was within the acceptable range.
{"title":"Modeling of PM10 Pollution Range of Meybod-Ardakan and Ardakan-Nain Highways and Health Risk Assessment of Surrounding Residents Using IVE and AERMOD Models","authors":"S. S. Barjoee, Hamid Reza Azimzadeh, Talebi Varaoon, M. Abbasi, Hamid Sodaiezadeh","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.178","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Air pollution is considered as an ultrastructural element in urban transportation systems as an important indicator of human health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the PM 10 pollution range of two main highways of Ardakan city and determine the contribution of these highways to the health risk of their residents due to exposure to these pollutants by modeling method. Methods: This descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on two highways of Meybod Ardakan and Ardakan Nain. IVE and AERMOD models were used for estimation of emission rate of PM 10 in four seasons of the year, and also dispersion and exposure rates to PM 10 . The information required to run the models was collected by observational statistics, information from the police research center and the meteorological research center of Yazd province. By identifying six PM 10 exposure groups in the pollution range of these two highways, the health risk assessment was performed using the proposed USEPA relationships. Results: In four seasons of the year, the mean and maximum concentration of PM10 of Meybod Ardakan highway were predicted more than Ardakan Nain highway. Although the minimum 24-hour and annual concentrations of PM 10 dispersion in Ardakan Nain Highway were less than that of Meybod Ardakan, the pollution limit of this highway was predicted more. Among the six groups exposed to PM 10 in all time intervals, the highest exposure belonged to Ardakan Naein road police and the least to residents of Shahid Paydar Park. Cancer and non-cancerous risk exposure to PM 10 was estimated in acceptable range in all age groups and categories. Conclusion: With the modeling method used, the contribution of the two investigated highways in predicting the health risk of surrounding residents was within the acceptable range.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91143016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.246
F. Pourfaraj, S.A* Mokhtari
Background & objectives: Drinking Water is one of the ways to provide essential nutrients for the human body. However, excessive amounts of this minerals, changes the water quality and in some cases threatens human health. Therefore, considering the role of water quality in the human health, incidence of irreversible lesions due to chemical impurities in drinking water in values greater than standard, the need for continual measurement of various parameters in order to find out the drinking water conditions consumed with households and taking necessary control measures, this study aims to compare the physical and chemical quality of drinking water of the villages of Nir county by national standard. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the statistical population of the affiliated villages to Nir county, the methods of standard method book were used to measure the studied parameters. A dual-beam spectrophotometer was used to measure the parameters of nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and fluoride, and a two-channel portable multiparameter instrument was used to measure pH, electrical conductivity and turbidity. Total dissolved solids were measured by gravimetric method and the total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sulfate and chloride were measured by titration method. Then, the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS20 and Microsoft Excel 2010 software and One-Sample T Test. Results: The averages of electrical conductivity and total hardness were 669.78 μS/cm, and 227.27 mg/L.CaCO3 respectively. The other parameters including TDS, Nitrate, Nitrite, Sulfate, Phosphate, Chlorine, Fluorine, Calcium and Magnesium had average levels of 346.316, 3.410, 0.023, 76.79, 0.117, 58.10, 0.45, 58.82 and 20.40 mg/L, respectively and finally the pH was 7.77. Conclusion: Among 13 parameters measured in drinking water supplies in the county, 26 villages were under admissible limit (AL) and 82 villages were under maximum contaminant level recommended by Iranian national standards. In other words, 74% and 18% of drinking water in the villages of county did not meet AL and MCLs of national standards. According to the results, it is necessary that water supplies used in the villages of county must be subject to regular monitoring programs of water safety and environmental health.
{"title":"Analysis of Physico-Chemical Quality of Drinking Water in Villages of Nir County and Comparison the Results with National Standard","authors":"F. Pourfaraj, S.A* Mokhtari","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.246","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Drinking Water is one of the ways to provide essential nutrients for the human body. However, excessive amounts of this minerals, changes the water quality and in some cases threatens human health. Therefore, considering the role of water quality in the human health, incidence of irreversible lesions due to chemical impurities in drinking water in values greater than standard, the need for continual measurement of various parameters in order to find out the drinking water conditions consumed with households and taking necessary control measures, this study aims to compare the physical and chemical quality of drinking water of the villages of Nir county by national standard. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the statistical population of the affiliated villages to Nir county, the methods of standard method book were used to measure the studied parameters. A dual-beam spectrophotometer was used to measure the parameters of nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and fluoride, and a two-channel portable multiparameter instrument was used to measure pH, electrical conductivity and turbidity. Total dissolved solids were measured by gravimetric method and the total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sulfate and chloride were measured by titration method. Then, the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS20 and Microsoft Excel 2010 software and One-Sample T Test. Results: The averages of electrical conductivity and total hardness were 669.78 μS/cm, and 227.27 mg/L.CaCO3 respectively. The other parameters including TDS, Nitrate, Nitrite, Sulfate, Phosphate, Chlorine, Fluorine, Calcium and Magnesium had average levels of 346.316, 3.410, 0.023, 76.79, 0.117, 58.10, 0.45, 58.82 and 20.40 mg/L, respectively and finally the pH was 7.77. Conclusion: Among 13 parameters measured in drinking water supplies in the county, 26 villages were under admissible limit (AL) and 82 villages were under maximum contaminant level recommended by Iranian national standards. In other words, 74% and 18% of drinking water in the villages of county did not meet AL and MCLs of national standards. According to the results, it is necessary that water supplies used in the villages of county must be subject to regular monitoring programs of water safety and environmental health.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82658330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.198
A. Babaei-pouya, A. Lotfollahzadeh
Background & objectives: Given the increasing technological hazards, risk assessment and proper risk management and planning to reduce the vulnerability in hospitals seems necessary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ranking of technological hazard in Ardabil hospitals in 2019. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of selected wards of Ardabil hospitals. The sampling method was census and all 10 hospitals in Ardabil were studied. FMEA worksheets were used to collect and record the information. Results: The study of 10 hospitals (47 units) showed that the highest frequency risk was related to ergonomic, psychological, physical (noise) and biological factors, respectively. Also, the highest number of risk priorities in hospitals was related to biological, physical (noise and radiation), ergonomic and psychological, mechanical and fire hazards, respectively. Conclusion: Biological hazards, physical (noise and radiation), ergonomic and psychological factors were at the top of the occupational hazards for employees. More awareness of managers and employees about the potential health risks and occupational safety of the hospital will be more effective in reducing health risks and preventing accidents and minimizing stressful job consequences.
{"title":"Evaluation of Technological Hazards in Ardabil Hospitals Using the FMEA Method in 1397","authors":"A. Babaei-pouya, A. Lotfollahzadeh","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.198","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Given the increasing technological hazards, risk assessment and proper risk management and planning to reduce the vulnerability in hospitals seems necessary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ranking of technological hazard in Ardabil hospitals in 2019. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of selected wards of Ardabil hospitals. The sampling method was census and all 10 hospitals in Ardabil were studied. FMEA worksheets were used to collect and record the information. Results: The study of 10 hospitals (47 units) showed that the highest frequency risk was related to ergonomic, psychological, physical (noise) and biological factors, respectively. Also, the highest number of risk priorities in hospitals was related to biological, physical (noise and radiation), ergonomic and psychological, mechanical and fire hazards, respectively. Conclusion: Biological hazards, physical (noise and radiation), ergonomic and psychological factors were at the top of the occupational hazards for employees. More awareness of managers and employees about the potential health risks and occupational safety of the hospital will be more effective in reducing health risks and preventing accidents and minimizing stressful job consequences.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74293165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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