Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.231
K. Parvanak, A. Khamisabadi
Background & objectives: The phenomenon of dust is very critical and catastrophic in our country, especially in Kerman region. Part of the damage caused by this phenomenon is due to lack of sufficient recognition of the impact of dust on the environment. Therefore, the present study conducted to evaluate and prioritize the effects of dust on water, air, soil and animal and plant ecosystems in Kerman city in 2019 in order to inform citizens and authorities about the damage caused by this phenomenon and to plan for controlling them. Methods: The research method was applied descriptive-analytical study. Five criteria including aquatic, soil, air, plant and animal ecosystems, each with 4 sub-criteria, were considered for measuring the environmental effects of dust. Library and field studies (in the form of questionnaires, observations and interviews) were used to collect the information. The statistical population of the study was all environmental experts in Kerman. VIKOR model was used to rank the measurement criteria. Results: Among the criteria studied using VIKOR model, air, water and soil criteria with quality level of 0, 0.105 and 0.351 were in the first, second and third ranks of negative dust effects, respectively. Animal and plant ecosystems with a quality level of 0.656 were ranked fourth. Among the research indices, the index of endangering the public health of citizens by increasing heavy metals, threatening the city's drinking water resources and increasing respiratory diseases with an average of 4.07, 4.04 and 4.01were in the highest average of harmful effects of dust, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the findings, among the 5 criteria studied, dust had the most negative effect on the air of Kerman and then on the water and soil of the region, respectively. Therefore, based on the priority obtained in this study and coherent planning, Kerman urban crisis management can take successful steps to reduce and deal with the dust phenomenon.
{"title":"Evaluation and Prioritization of the Effects of Dust on Urban Environment (Case Study: Kerman)","authors":"K. Parvanak, A. Khamisabadi","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.231","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: The phenomenon of dust is very critical and catastrophic in our country, especially in Kerman region. Part of the damage caused by this phenomenon is due to lack of sufficient recognition of the impact of dust on the environment. Therefore, the present study conducted to evaluate and prioritize the effects of dust on water, air, soil and animal and plant ecosystems in Kerman city in 2019 in order to inform citizens and authorities about the damage caused by this phenomenon and to plan for controlling them. Methods: The research method was applied descriptive-analytical study. Five criteria including aquatic, soil, air, plant and animal ecosystems, each with 4 sub-criteria, were considered for measuring the environmental effects of dust. Library and field studies (in the form of questionnaires, observations and interviews) were used to collect the information. The statistical population of the study was all environmental experts in Kerman. VIKOR model was used to rank the measurement criteria. Results: Among the criteria studied using VIKOR model, air, water and soil criteria with quality level of 0, 0.105 and 0.351 were in the first, second and third ranks of negative dust effects, respectively. Animal and plant ecosystems with a quality level of 0.656 were ranked fourth. Among the research indices, the index of endangering the public health of citizens by increasing heavy metals, threatening the city's drinking water resources and increasing respiratory diseases with an average of 4.07, 4.04 and 4.01were in the highest average of harmful effects of dust, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the findings, among the 5 criteria studied, dust had the most negative effect on the air of Kerman and then on the water and soil of the region, respectively. Therefore, based on the priority obtained in this study and coherent planning, Kerman urban crisis management can take successful steps to reduce and deal with the dust phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80404548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.167
A. K. Lelekami, A. Shakerian
Background & objectives : Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world and contains several important essential micro nutrients that are beneficial to human health. The contamination of tea leaves by heavy metals may pose serious problems to human health. The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of some heavy metals in broken black tea and also evaluation of their health hazards in Alborz province, Iran. Methods : In this study, the concentration of heavy metals of Pb, Cd and Hg were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) according to AOAC method of analysis on 15 samples of broken black tea available in stores of Alborz province and selected by simple random sampling in 2019. Upper limits of these heavy metals were 1 ppm, 0.1 ppm and 0.02 ppm for Cd, Pb and Hg, respectively. Results: The results of analysis showed that the mean levels of Pb, Cd and Hg were 0.255±0.06, 0.046±0.069 and 0.014±0.002 ppm, respectively. Conclusion : Lead, cadmium and mercury concentrations in the sampled brands of broken black tea were lower in comparison with their upper limits. Therefore, it be concluded that there are not any health problems concerned with broken dark tea consumption for these elements.
{"title":"Assessment of Some Heavy Metals in Broken Dark Tea in Alborz Province and Estimation of Consumer Health Risk at 2019","authors":"A. K. Lelekami, A. Shakerian","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.167","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives : Tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world and contains several important essential micro nutrients that are beneficial to human health. The contamination of tea leaves by heavy metals may pose serious problems to human health. The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of some heavy metals in broken black tea and also evaluation of their health hazards in Alborz province, Iran. Methods : In this study, the concentration of heavy metals of Pb, Cd and Hg were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) according to AOAC method of analysis on 15 samples of broken black tea available in stores of Alborz province and selected by simple random sampling in 2019. Upper limits of these heavy metals were 1 ppm, 0.1 ppm and 0.02 ppm for Cd, Pb and Hg, respectively. Results: The results of analysis showed that the mean levels of Pb, Cd and Hg were 0.255±0.06, 0.046±0.069 and 0.014±0.002 ppm, respectively. Conclusion : Lead, cadmium and mercury concentrations in the sampled brands of broken black tea were lower in comparison with their upper limits. Therefore, it be concluded that there are not any health problems concerned with broken dark tea consumption for these elements.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83659437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.301
S. Habibzadeh, F. Pourfarzi, S. S. Ahari, B. Nakhostin, H. Zandian, E. Safarzadeh, E. Moradi-Asl
Background & objectives: Currently, the coronavirus pandemic is one of the most important health problems all over the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences during the coronavirus epidemic in Ardabil province. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Ardabil province in northwestern Iran. All patients admitted to hospitals in Ardabil province were recruited. All data were collected from the information registration portal, which was designed according to the instructions of Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. In this portal, demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory presentations and other data for patients in all hospitals were recorded in one format. SPSS-19 software was used for simple statistical analysis. Results: During the period from the beginning to preparation of this report, four peaks of Covid-19 were observed in Ardabil. The total number of PCR samples was 76673, of which 33189 (43%) were positive. The number of hospitalized patients was 28792, of which 13716 were positive and the number of outpatients was 47881, of which 19473 were positive. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that despite the implementation of national guidelines by Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, the number of hospitalizations and death rates of COVID 19 are still relatively high.
{"title":"Performance of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences during Coronavirus Pandemic","authors":"S. Habibzadeh, F. Pourfarzi, S. S. Ahari, B. Nakhostin, H. Zandian, E. Safarzadeh, E. Moradi-Asl","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.301","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Currently, the coronavirus pandemic is one of the most important health problems all over the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences during the coronavirus epidemic in Ardabil province. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Ardabil province in northwestern Iran. All patients admitted to hospitals in Ardabil province were recruited. All data were collected from the information registration portal, which was designed according to the instructions of Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. In this portal, demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory presentations and other data for patients in all hospitals were recorded in one format. SPSS-19 software was used for simple statistical analysis. Results: During the period from the beginning to preparation of this report, four peaks of Covid-19 were observed in Ardabil. The total number of PCR samples was 76673, of which 33189 (43%) were positive. The number of hospitalized patients was 28792, of which 13716 were positive and the number of outpatients was 47881, of which 19473 were positive. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that despite the implementation of national guidelines by Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, the number of hospitalizations and death rates of COVID 19 are still relatively high.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81470918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.2.222
Z. Rahaei, M. Zare-Bidoki
Background & objectives: Written educational auxiliary media are often used to enhance societies' health level and prevention of oral diseases. However, low quality educational materials are an obstacle to present effective information and usually these media are not evaluated before publication. Therefore, the present study was carried out to assess a written educational media (pamphlet) about varnish fluoride for mothers. Methods: This descriptive study was performed in 2019 in Yazd. The educational pamphlet was made by the researcher based on mother ' s needs assessment about their pediatric varnish fluoride, literature review as well as comments of health education specialists and pediatric dentists. The content of educational pamphlets was related to oral health, varnish fluoride and its features, how to use fluoride varnish on teeth and the materials and tools needed to carry out this work. In order to assess the pamphlet, Readability (RAM) and Suitability (SAM) tools and Cloze Training Level Index were used. Findings : The difficulty score for readability was 14.4 and the pamphlet was at the good level in terms of content specialization and typographical errors. The percentage obtained from the suitability was 77.95% and the media was as an excellent media. The result of the Cloze assessment shows that the percentage of correct answers was 87 and the text was on the independent level. Conclusion: Considering the simplicity, credit and summarization of content and proper combination of images in the pamphlet, the written educational auxiliary media was appropriate and can be effective in educating mothers in the field of their children's varnish fluoride. Using the methods and results obtained in the present study, as a guideline for assessment of written educational auxiliary media in the field of health behaviors, can be very helpful in eliminating possible deficiencies and increasing the impact of educational interventions.
{"title":"Assessment of a Written Educational Auxiliary Media in Health Education: A Study about Varnish Fluoride","authors":"Z. Rahaei, M. Zare-Bidoki","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.2.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.2.222","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Written educational auxiliary media are often used to enhance societies' health level and prevention of oral diseases. However, low quality educational materials are an obstacle to present effective information and usually these media are not evaluated before publication. Therefore, the present study was carried out to assess a written educational media (pamphlet) about varnish fluoride for mothers. Methods: This descriptive study was performed in 2019 in Yazd. The educational pamphlet was made by the researcher based on mother ' s needs assessment about their pediatric varnish fluoride, literature review as well as comments of health education specialists and pediatric dentists. The content of educational pamphlets was related to oral health, varnish fluoride and its features, how to use fluoride varnish on teeth and the materials and tools needed to carry out this work. In order to assess the pamphlet, Readability (RAM) and Suitability (SAM) tools and Cloze Training Level Index were used. Findings : The difficulty score for readability was 14.4 and the pamphlet was at the good level in terms of content specialization and typographical errors. The percentage obtained from the suitability was 77.95% and the media was as an excellent media. The result of the Cloze assessment shows that the percentage of correct answers was 87 and the text was on the independent level. Conclusion: Considering the simplicity, credit and summarization of content and proper combination of images in the pamphlet, the written educational auxiliary media was appropriate and can be effective in educating mothers in the field of their children's varnish fluoride. Using the methods and results obtained in the present study, as a guideline for assessment of written educational auxiliary media in the field of health behaviors, can be very helpful in eliminating possible deficiencies and increasing the impact of educational interventions.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89506895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.285
M. Babashahi, S. Shokri
Background & objectives: From a long time ago, immigration has been one of the typical human reactions to the unfavorable conditions of life and a way of trying to improve conditions. In fact, immigration is a reaction of individual or family and decision to change the situation, which is often one of the greatest experiences and decisions of life. During immigration, various social, cultural and economic factors affect life and, consequently, individual eating behaviors. The aim of this study is reviewing the social, cultural and economic factors affecting the food behaviors of immigrants. Methods: This is a review article in which Google scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct were searched to access relevant studies, by keywords including immigrant, food behavior, dietary acculturation, eating habits, social, economic and environmental factors. Results: In general, it seems that the effects of immigration on people's eating habits and health and how to change, accept or not accept the culture and food habits are very different and many factors influence it such as personality characteristics of immigrants, socio-economic level of the individual, underlying environmental factors, level of conformity of dominant religion in both countries, the fluency level of the new language and the level of social protection of migrants in the host country. Conclusion: Different social, economic and cultural factors affect the migratory food behaviors. Undoubtedly, investigating of these effects are essential in planning for improving the nutritional status of immigrants and policy making in this issue.
{"title":"Social, Cultural and Economic Factors Affecting Food Behaviors in Immigrants; a Review Study","authors":"M. Babashahi, S. Shokri","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.2.285","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: From a long time ago, immigration has been one of the typical human reactions to the unfavorable conditions of life and a way of trying to improve conditions. In fact, immigration is a reaction of individual or family and decision to change the situation, which is often one of the greatest experiences and decisions of life. During immigration, various social, cultural and economic factors affect life and, consequently, individual eating behaviors. The aim of this study is reviewing the social, cultural and economic factors affecting the food behaviors of immigrants. Methods: This is a review article in which Google scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct were searched to access relevant studies, by keywords including immigrant, food behavior, dietary acculturation, eating habits, social, economic and environmental factors. Results: In general, it seems that the effects of immigration on people's eating habits and health and how to change, accept or not accept the culture and food habits are very different and many factors influence it such as personality characteristics of immigrants, socio-economic level of the individual, underlying environmental factors, level of conformity of dominant religion in both countries, the fluency level of the new language and the level of social protection of migrants in the host country. Conclusion: Different social, economic and cultural factors affect the migratory food behaviors. Undoubtedly, investigating of these effects are essential in planning for improving the nutritional status of immigrants and policy making in this issue.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82742976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.1.130
M. Moafi, M. Ardestani, N. Mehrdadi
Background & objectives: Considering the effects of pollutants of industrial origin, such as heavy toxic metals-containing wastewater, on rivers and surface waters and the importance of their removal, in this study, the preparation, characterization and evaluation of zinc oxide nanophotocatalyst based on magnetic organic-metallic frameworks ( 2 @Cr-MIL-101 ), abbreviated as ZISM nanophotocatalysts, was evaluated in removing of lead (Pb 2+ ) and arsenic (As 3+ ) metals from aqueous samples. Methods: This experimental study was performed using a ZnO-based nano-photocatalyst and a reactor consisting of an ultraviolet (UV) source and a reaction chamber for water samples contaminated with lead (Pb 2+ ) and arsenic (As 3+ ). To determine the removal efficiency of contaminants by ZISM nano-photocatalyst, the effect of various parameters including contaminant concentration, amount of nano-photocatalyst, pH and reaction time were investigated. Results: The results showed that with increasing the amount of ZISM nano-photocatalyst and pH, the removal of lead and arsenic increased. The maximum removal of Pb 2+ and As 3+ was obtained 99.8 and 98.3, in initial concentration of 5 mg/L, nano-photocatalyst dose of 250 mg/L, pH =8 mg/L and reaction time of 60 min. Conclusions: According to the results, the ZISM nano-photocatalyst emerged as an efficient and recyclable nano-photocatalyst, which was a potential and environmentally friendly process for the removal of toxic heavy metals as hazardous water pollutants. This photocatalyst showed good recyclability in 5 consecutive periods.
{"title":"Use of Zinc Oxide Nano-photocatalyst as a Recyclable Catalyst for Removal of Arsenic and Lead Ions from Polluted Water","authors":"M. Moafi, M. Ardestani, N. Mehrdadi","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.1.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.1.130","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Considering the effects of pollutants of industrial origin, such as heavy toxic metals-containing wastewater, on rivers and surface waters and the importance of their removal, in this study, the preparation, characterization and evaluation of zinc oxide nanophotocatalyst based on magnetic organic-metallic frameworks ( 2 @Cr-MIL-101 ), abbreviated as ZISM nanophotocatalysts, was evaluated in removing of lead (Pb 2+ ) and arsenic (As 3+ ) metals from aqueous samples. Methods: This experimental study was performed using a ZnO-based nano-photocatalyst and a reactor consisting of an ultraviolet (UV) source and a reaction chamber for water samples contaminated with lead (Pb 2+ ) and arsenic (As 3+ ). To determine the removal efficiency of contaminants by ZISM nano-photocatalyst, the effect of various parameters including contaminant concentration, amount of nano-photocatalyst, pH and reaction time were investigated. Results: The results showed that with increasing the amount of ZISM nano-photocatalyst and pH, the removal of lead and arsenic increased. The maximum removal of Pb 2+ and As 3+ was obtained 99.8 and 98.3, in initial concentration of 5 mg/L, nano-photocatalyst dose of 250 mg/L, pH =8 mg/L and reaction time of 60 min. Conclusions: According to the results, the ZISM nano-photocatalyst emerged as an efficient and recyclable nano-photocatalyst, which was a potential and environmentally friendly process for the removal of toxic heavy metals as hazardous water pollutants. This photocatalyst showed good recyclability in 5 consecutive periods.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79742510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.1.116
F. Asadzadeh Monir, T. Soleimani, S. Sattari, M. Kheirkhah
Background & objectives: Considering the role of medical universities leaders, because of diversity of administrative, educational and medical affairs and communicating with different staff, faculty members, students and clients, in order to better performance of tasks is the key to achieving leadership competency. The aim of this study was to develop a model of educational leadership competency in clinical departments of medical universities. Methods: To achieve this goal, a qualitative research method was used. The study population consisted of 15 deputies and managers of clinical groups (in the northwestern cities of the country). Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the required data. The text of the interview with the experts and the categories extracted from the analysis of interviews were analyzed separately by qualitative content analysis method. Results: The results obtained by eliminating duplicates and merging similar cases finally indicated the identification of 37 competencies in five categories of leadership competencies in clinical education, self-assessment and evaluation of educational performance, development of student clinical skills, individual competence and human resources. This included 12 clinical leadership, 5 assessments and 7 student skills enhancement, 10 individual and 2 human resource competencies. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the managers of the educational departments have different skills, which seems to be necessary, with special measures of the ministry of health regarding the challenges of the educational managers and leaders, as well as passing a short course of clinical management methods.
{"title":"Developing a Model of Educational Leadership Competency in Clinical Departments of Medical Universities\u0000Developing a Model of Educational Leadership Competency in Clinical Departments of Medical Universities","authors":"F. Asadzadeh Monir, T. Soleimani, S. Sattari, M. Kheirkhah","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.1.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.1.116","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Considering the role of medical universities leaders, because of diversity of administrative, educational and medical affairs and communicating with different staff, faculty members, students and clients, in order to better performance of tasks is the key to achieving leadership competency. The aim of this study was to develop a model of educational leadership competency in clinical departments of medical universities. Methods: To achieve this goal, a qualitative research method was used. The study population consisted of 15 deputies and managers of clinical groups (in the northwestern cities of the country). Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the required data. The text of the interview with the experts and the categories extracted from the analysis of interviews were analyzed separately by qualitative content analysis method. Results: The results obtained by eliminating duplicates and merging similar cases finally indicated the identification of 37 competencies in five categories of leadership competencies in clinical education, self-assessment and evaluation of educational performance, development of student clinical skills, individual competence and human resources. This included 12 clinical leadership, 5 assessments and 7 student skills enhancement, 10 individual and 2 human resource competencies. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the managers of the educational departments have different skills, which seems to be necessary, with special measures of the ministry of health regarding the challenges of the educational managers and leaders, as well as passing a short course of clinical management methods.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86092741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.37
S. Bashirgonbadi, Shahriar Dargahi, S. Ahmadboukani, P. Fadakar
Background & objectives: Marital satisfaction is a very important aspect in the relationship between couples and plays an important role in family health, so it is very important to study the factors affecting it. The present study aimed to predict marital satisfaction based on attachment styles with the mediating role of triangulation in couples of the University of Medical Sciences. Methods: The research method was descriptive and correlational in the form of path analysis. To conduct this research, 254 married individuals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected by convenience sampling method. The research instrument was Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire, Adult Attachment Style Scale and Triangulation Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed through AMOS software. Results: The results showed that anxiety and avoidance attachment styles reduce and safe attachment style increases marital satisfaction in couples. Alsp anxious and avoidance attachment styles increase triangulation in couples. Triangulation also has a negative and significant relationship with marital satisfaction. The results of indirect communication showed that the role of mediator of close triangulation in the relationship between avoidance and anxiety attachment styles with marital satisfaction is significant. None of the triangulation variables of children and relatives had a mediating role in the relationship between secure attachment style and marital satisfaction. Conclusion: Marital satisfaction can be predicted through their attachment styles, and triangulation with others can also affect this relationship. Necessary interventions in this field can greatly increase people's marital satisfaction.
{"title":"Examinning the Causal Model of Marital Satisfaction Based on Attachment Styles with the Mediating Role of Triangulation","authors":"S. Bashirgonbadi, Shahriar Dargahi, S. Ahmadboukani, P. Fadakar","doi":"10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/J.HEALTH.12.1.37","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Marital satisfaction is a very important aspect in the relationship between couples and plays an important role in family health, so it is very important to study the factors affecting it. The present study aimed to predict marital satisfaction based on attachment styles with the mediating role of triangulation in couples of the University of Medical Sciences. Methods: The research method was descriptive and correlational in the form of path analysis. To conduct this research, 254 married individuals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected by convenience sampling method. The research instrument was Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire, Adult Attachment Style Scale and Triangulation Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed through AMOS software. Results: The results showed that anxiety and avoidance attachment styles reduce and safe attachment style increases marital satisfaction in couples. Alsp anxious and avoidance attachment styles increase triangulation in couples. Triangulation also has a negative and significant relationship with marital satisfaction. The results of indirect communication showed that the role of mediator of close triangulation in the relationship between avoidance and anxiety attachment styles with marital satisfaction is significant. None of the triangulation variables of children and relatives had a mediating role in the relationship between secure attachment style and marital satisfaction. Conclusion: Marital satisfaction can be predicted through their attachment styles, and triangulation with others can also affect this relationship. Necessary interventions in this field can greatly increase people's marital satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75041600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.1.94
M. Abdollahi, M. J. Jafari, D. Panahi, A. Rahmati
Background & objectives: Air pollution is one of the most important environmental problems that have become a serious threat to human health in recent years with the development of societies and industrialization. Ammonia is one of the most important pollutants. The spray tower is a wet scrubber used for ammonia purification, so the present study was conducted to investigate the change of physical parameters using a 2500µm nozzle and acidic water solution on ammonia removal in a spray tower under standard conditions. Methods: In the present study, the amount of ammonia gas removal was investigated by changing parameters such as air pressure, pollutant density and number of nozzles, using a washing tower at two inlet and outlet locations and a total of 162 test times with three replicates. Data were analyzed by One-Way ANOVA in SPSS-21 software. Results: The results showed that increasing the number of nozzles and the spray pressure of the spray tower significantly increased ( p <0.05) and increasing the inlet load significantly decreased the efficiency ( p <0.05) of ammonia gas removal efficiency. Conclusion: By increasing the number of nozzles, the pressure of the dilute sulfuric acid solution and reducing the density of the pollutant gas, good efficiency can be achieved in removing ammonia gas from the air stream using spray tower.
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