Journal of Histotechnology最新文献

This study aimed to evaluate the expression of several differentiation markers in the apical papilla (AP) and dental pulp (DP) of human permanent teeth. Twenty young human teeth were extracted and classified according to three Moorrees tooth development stages: initial root formation (Ri), root length ½ (R1/2), and root length complete (Rc). Immunohistochemical assays were performed using STRO-1, VEGF Receptor-2, Neurofilament heavy (NFH), and Nestin antibodies and analyzed under light microscopy. Decalcified, formalin fixed paraffin embedded tooth sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin showed an apical cell rich zone between the DP and AP. The AP revealed fewer vascular and cellular components than the DP. STRO-1 was expressed on vascular and neuronal elements beneath the odontoblast (OB) and in the sub-odontoblastic (SOB) zone, and VEGFR-2 positive cells were observed in the endothelium, arterioles, and blood vessels. Neuroepithelial stem cell protein (Nestin) was highly expressed in differentiated odontoblasts in the predentin odontotoblast and odontoblast cell processes. Neurofilament heavy (NFH) was expressed in mature axons throughout the DP. STRO-1 and VEGFR-2 microvascular expression was higher at the stages Ri and R1/2 while STRO-1 and NFH expression showed strong spatial distribution of Rc neuronal elements as compared to Ri and R1/2. Differentiated OB and SOB cells showed Nestin expression, indicating a reservoir of newly differentiated odontoblast-like cells.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of combined therapy of diacerein and gold nanoparticles (AuNP) on diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a rat model. Normal healthy and DEN-induced (HCC) rats were divided into five groups. Group I healthy rats served as normal control, Group II untreated HCC rats, Group III HCC rats administered diacerein, Group IV HCC rats administered AuNP, and Group V HCC rats administered diacerein and AuNP. All treatments were given once daily for 4 weeks. Liver morphology and necroinflammation in all groups were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome for fibrosis, and immunohistochemistry assays for expression of TNF-α, IL-6, β-catenin, and caspase-3. Liver sections from Group II HCC rats showed loss of lobular architecture, thick fibrous tissue deposition, leukocyte infiltration, degenerated hepatocytes and HCC neoplastic nodules surrounded by extensive fibrosis. Group II had high expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and β-catenin, and low caspase-3 expression as compared to Group I. HCC rats treated with the combined therapy of diacerein and AuNP (Group V) showed markedly decreased HCC lesions, significant necroinflammation reduction (p ˂ 0.05) and 90% reduction in fibrosis as compared to Group II HCC + diacerein. This combined therapy also reduced (p ˂ 0.05) TNF-α, IL-6, β-catenin expression and increased caspase-3 expression. In conclusion, diacerein combined with AuNP synergistically attenuated the severity of HCC lesions by reducing necroinflammation and fibrosis, decreased TNF-α, IL-6, β-catenin expression, and increased caspase-3 expression for apoptosis.

The digestive tract development of the Pelodiscus sinensis embryo is described through the observation of the embryonic morphology on hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections. During the first 9 days of embryonic development, the anterior intestine of the embryo divides into the oral cavity, pharyngeal cavity, esophagus, stomach, and small intestine, while the caudal intestine differentiates into the cloaca, the anterior and caudal tubes of the large intestine. Between days 10-24, the wall of the digestive tract forms a two-layer structure consisting of mucosa and submucosa. The endoderm evolves into epithelial tissue in each part of the digestive tract, the mesoderm goes from a dense cluster of cells to looser mesenchymal tissue then divides into loose connective tissue, mesothelium, and muscle tissue. There is no clear temporal boundary between development of mesenchymal tissue and the early loose connective tissue, which is a gradual process.

Ulinastatin, a broad spectrum of serine protease inhibitor, has been found to alleviate neuropathic pain (NPP). However, its mechanism is not completely clear. Here, a sciatic nerve ligation rat model and BV2 microglial cells were used to investigate the effect of Ulinastatin on the activation of microglia and P2Y12 receptors in vivo and in vitro. Levels of P2Y12 receptor and NF-κB (P65) expression in the dorsal horn of the lumbar enlargement region of the spinal cord and BV2 cells were assessed by immunohistochemistry and double-label immunofluorescence assays. Levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in cell culture medium and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were examined by ELISA. The results showed that Ulinastatin reduced the release of inflammatory IL-1β and TNF-α by inhibiting the activation of spinal microglia. Ulinastatin down-regulated P2Y12 receptor and NF-κB (P65) expression in the spinal microglia of the chronic constrictive injury model. The results indicated that Ulinastatin may attenuate the activation of spinal microglia after peripheral nerve injury by inhibiting the activation of P2Y12 receptor signal pathway in microglia. NF-kB may play a key role in the mechanism of Ulinastatin.

This study was done to observe the safety and effect of Xiaoyaosan (XYS) on the stimulated depressive disorder (DD) related dry eye disease (DED) in mice. Normal control (NC) group, Vehicle group, and drug treatment groups, including Sertraline Hydrochloride (SH), XYS low-dose (XYS-LD), medium-dose (XYS-MD), and high-dose (XYS-HD), were established. The drug quality of XYS was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). XYS toxicity in kidney and liver was assessed with Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining. Serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and body weights were used to evaluate the depression status of mice. Tear production, corneal sensitivity, Oregon Green Dye (OGD) staining, and corneal confocal microscopy were used to assess ocular surface changes. H&E staining was also used to assess pathological cornea and lacrimal gland changes. HPLC results showed that XYS complied with Chinese drug quality standards. The drug treatment groups observed no drug toxicity reactions in the liver and kidney. SH and XYS groups improved DD-related serological indices as compared with Vehicle. Body weight was enhanced in mice with XYS groups compared to Vehicle and SH. Mice with XYS treatments showed increased tear production and corneal sensitivity, decreased corneal OGD staining scores, improved morphology, and decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in the cornea and lacrimal gland. In conclusion, XYS had no drug toxicity, improved serological indices, and ocular surface pathological changes in DD-related DED mice. XYS is safe and may have a therapeutic effect on DD-related DED.