After 1989, Central and Eastern European countries with planned economies launched a process of transformation. In the Slovak forest policy, the main changes have been in the structure of forest ownership, increasing the share of governance mechanisms within the decision-making, and the organization of the sector. The aim of the paper is to analyse the current Slovak forest policy arrangement in relation to the socialistic political history, via the Policy Arrangement Approach. The analysis is based on literature search and consultations with forest policy experts. In total, 55 scientific publications were analysed. Subsequently, the results were consulted with four national forest policy experts. Despite the three decades-lasting transformation process, in Slovakia, forest policy is characterised by a strong influence of governmental actors, centralisation, and prevailing hierarchical use of policy instruments. Nature protection actors enter the policy arena, for instance, to expand protected areas. The top-down planning has an impact on the forest owners’ performance of rights to use their forests. Non-governmental actors attempt to enforce their interests through participation mechanisms, inter-ministerial commenting procedures, and voluntary instruments. Public opinion is turning towards nature protection and forestry as such has come under pressure with its traditionalist approach.
{"title":"The Slovak forest policy arrangement: Post-1989 residues and changes","authors":"Lenka Halušková","doi":"10.17221/105/2022-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/105/2022-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"After 1989, Central and Eastern European countries with planned economies launched a process of transformation. In the Slovak forest policy, the main changes have been in the structure of forest ownership, increasing the share of governance mechanisms within the decision-making, and the organization of the sector. The aim of the paper is to analyse the current Slovak forest policy arrangement in relation to the socialistic political history, via the Policy Arrangement Approach. The analysis is based on literature search and consultations with forest policy experts. In total, 55 scientific publications were analysed. Subsequently, the results were consulted with four national forest policy experts. Despite the three decades-lasting transformation process, in Slovakia, forest policy is characterised by a strong influence of governmental actors, centralisation, and prevailing hierarchical use of policy instruments. Nature protection actors enter the policy arena, for instance, to expand protected areas. The top-down planning has an impact on the forest owners’ performance of rights to use their forests. Non-governmental actors attempt to enforce their interests through participation mechanisms, inter-ministerial commenting procedures, and voluntary instruments. Public opinion is turning towards nature protection and forestry as such has come under pressure with its traditionalist approach.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88079362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change, biodiversity loss, and the increased occurrence of extreme weather events bring new challenges at a global level, not just in forestry. In response to the current situation, modified economic models such as circular economy, green economy, bio-based economy, or bioeconomy, are expected to move society towards a more sustainable future. The main aim of this paper was to evaluate forestry employment and its drivers within the bioeconomy labour market in the Czech Republic. The partial target was to provide a general view of the development of forestry employment within the bioeconomy labour market. The authors applied a mixed methods approach, using literature review, data analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. A decreasing trend of the share of forestry employment in total bioeconomy employment and of the share of bioeconomy employment in the labour market in the Czech Republic was identified. Regarding the drivers of the forestry labour market, based on the results, employment in the forestry sector is positively dependent on wages/salaries and negatively dependent on GDP and forest land.
{"title":"Analysis of forestry employment within the bioeconomy labour market in the Czech Republic","authors":"Michaela Perunova, Jarmila Zimmermannová","doi":"10.17221/84/2022-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/84/2022-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change, biodiversity loss, and the increased occurrence of extreme weather events bring new challenges at a global level, not just in forestry. In response to the current situation, modified economic models such as circular economy, green economy, bio-based economy, or bioeconomy, are expected to move society towards a more sustainable future. The main aim of this paper was to evaluate forestry employment and its drivers within the bioeconomy labour market in the Czech Republic. The partial target was to provide a general view of the development of forestry employment within the bioeconomy labour market. The authors applied a mixed methods approach, using literature review, data analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. A decreasing trend of the share of forestry employment in total bioeconomy employment and of the share of bioeconomy employment in the labour market in the Czech Republic was identified. Regarding the drivers of the forestry labour market, based on the results, employment in the forestry sector is positively dependent on wages/salaries and negatively dependent on GDP and forest land.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73569874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Vacek, Z. Vacek, Jan Cukor, V. Podrázský, Josef Gallo
Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon) was distributed from its natural range in western North America to different destinations, primarily to Europe (Scandinavia, British Islands), South America (Chile, Argentina), and New Zealand. It is used for its superior timber production and resistance to environmental conditions. This literature review paper consists of 150 references and presents a summary of research results dealing with the lodgepole pine potential in general with a specific focus on Europe from 1910 to 2022. It summarizes the importance, taxonomy, biological and ecological characteristics, site requirements, production and silviculture, risks and pests, as well as the potential of this tree species for forestry and the wood industry in relation to global climate change. Pinus contorta also has a considerable potential in Central Europe, especially at extreme sites with strong anthropogenic impact and in polluted regions. This tree species is very resistant to climatic factors and extreme events compared to other coniferous tree species. Moreover, its annual increment reached from 3 m3·ha−1·yr−1 on reclamation sites to 18 m3·ha−1·yr−1 in favourable environmental conditions. On the other hand, caution must be taken for possible invasive behaviour outside its natural range. Its importance can increase with ongoing climate change and the decline of native tree species.
Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon)从其北美西部的自然范围分布到不同的目的地，主要是欧洲(斯堪的纳维亚半岛，不列颠群岛)，南美(智利，阿根廷)和新西兰。它具有优良的木材产量和对环境条件的抵抗力。这篇文献综述论文由150篇参考文献组成，概述了1910年至2022年期间对欧洲黑松潜力的研究结果。总结了该树种的重要性、分类、生物学和生态学特征、立地要求、生产和造林、风险和害虫，以及该树种在全球气候变化下对林业和木材工业的潜力。扭曲松在中欧也有相当大的潜力，特别是在有强烈人为影响的极端地点和污染地区。与其他针叶树相比，该树种对气候因素和极端事件具有很强的抵抗力。此外，在有利环境条件下，其年增长量从填海区的3 m3·ha−1·yr−1增加到18 m3·ha−1·yr−1。另一方面，必须警惕在其自然范围之外可能出现的入侵行为。随着气候的持续变化和本土树种的减少，它的重要性会增加。
{"title":"Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon and climate change: A literature review of opportunities, challenges, and risks in European forests","authors":"S. Vacek, Z. Vacek, Jan Cukor, V. Podrázský, Josef Gallo","doi":"10.17221/101/2022-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/101/2022-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon) was distributed from its natural range in western North America to different destinations, primarily to Europe (Scandinavia, British Islands), South America (Chile, Argentina), and New Zealand. It is used for its superior timber production and resistance to environmental conditions. This literature review paper consists of 150 references and presents a summary of research results dealing with the lodgepole pine potential in general with a specific focus on Europe from 1910 to 2022. It summarizes the importance, taxonomy, biological and ecological characteristics, site requirements, production and silviculture, risks and pests, as well as the potential of this tree species for forestry and the wood industry in relation to global climate change. Pinus contorta also has a considerable potential in Central Europe, especially at extreme sites with strong anthropogenic impact and in polluted regions. This tree species is very resistant to climatic factors and extreme events compared to other coniferous tree species. Moreover, its annual increment reached from 3 m3·ha−1·yr−1 on reclamation sites to 18 m3·ha−1·yr−1 in favourable environmental conditions. On the other hand, caution must be taken for possible invasive behaviour outside its natural range. Its importance can increase with ongoing climate change and the decline of native tree species.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90247034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahid Rauf, Adam Khan, S. Siddiqui, S. Saleem, T. Iqbal, S. A. Shah, Nowsherwan Zarif, Wahiba Iqbal
Forests play a significant role for maintaining the biodiversity. In order to manage sustainable forests, tree species history, distribution, and their future prospects are vital. Using standardized quantitative approaches, the age, radial growth, and size class distribution of Abies pindrow (Himalayan fir) were determined from three different altitudinal sites (i.e. high, middle, and lower). The results indicate that Himalayan fir growing in the high-altitude site (Ayubia, 2 917 m a.s.l.) of moist temperate forests of the Himalayan mountains showed lower radial growth (0.13 cm) than in the middle (Bara Gali, 2 617 m a.s.l.; radial growth = 0.13 cm) and lower (Kuldana, 2 455 m a.s.l.; radial growth = 0.22 cm) altitude sites. Correlation analysis demonstrated that age showed a significant positive correlation (P < 0.001) with diameter at breast height. The tree-ring width chronology (totally 80 core samples) of Himalayan fir was developed from moist temperate forests of Himalayan mountains of Pakistan. At Ayubia site it possesses a long time-span (1703–2020 C.E.), followed by Bara Gali (1862–2020 C.E.) and Kuldana (1864–2020 C.E.). Further, the tree-ring width (TRW) chronology of Ayubia showed a significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) with May and June temperature, and a significant negative correlation (P < 0.05) with June and October precipitation, indicating that summer temperatures are the key factor for the radial growth of Himalayan fir. For the Kuldana site, the response of TRW chronology to temperature and precipitation was the same, however, it was significant only for June temperature at Bara Gali. The size class distribution of the high-altitude region (Ayubia) showed a higher number of individuals than the lower altitude region, indicating the lowest disturbance conditions. The absence of individuals in the early size classes and the gap in middle and mature size classes indicate a lower regeneration potential and anthropogenic impact. The pointer year analysis indicated that the Bara Gali forest is more sensitive to abnormal climate events than the other sites. Based on the present study, we suggest that proper attention and conservation strategy should be provided to Himalayan fir growing in the moist temperate forests of Pakistan.
森林在维持生物多样性方面发挥着重要作用。为了管理可持续森林，树种的历史、分布及其未来前景至关重要。采用标准化的定量方法，在高、中、低3个不同海拔点测定了喜马拉雅冷杉的年龄、径向生长和大小类分布。结果表明:喜玛拉雅冷杉生长在喜玛拉雅湿温带森林高海拔地区(Ayubia, 2 917 m a.s.l)的径向生长(0.13 cm)低于中部地区(Bara Gali, 2 617 m a.s.l);径向生长= 0.13 cm)及以下(Kuldana, 2455 m a.s.l;径向生长= 0.22 cm)海拔站点。相关分析显示，年龄与乳房高度直径呈显著正相关(P < 0.001)。在巴基斯坦喜玛拉雅山湿温带森林中建立喜玛拉雅山冷杉树轮宽度年代学(共80个芯样)。在阿尤比亚遗址，它拥有很长的时间跨度(1703-2020年)，其次是巴拉加利(1862-2020年)和库尔达纳(1864-2020年)。此外，Ayubia树轮宽度年代学与5、6月气温呈显著正相关(P < 0.05)，与6、10月降水量呈显著负相关(P < 0.05)，表明夏季气温是喜马拉雅冷杉径向生长的关键因子。对于Kuldana站点，TRW年代学对温度和降水的响应是相同的，但只有Bara Gali站点的6月温度具有显著性。高海拔地区(阿尤比亚)的个体数高于低海拔地区，表明干扰条件最低。早期大小级的个体缺失和中期和成熟大小级的差距表明再生潜力和人为影响较低。指标年分析表明，巴拉加利森林对异常气候事件的敏感性高于其他样地。根据目前的研究结果，我们建议对生长在巴基斯坦湿温带森林中的喜马拉雅冷杉给予适当的重视和保护策略。
{"title":"Radial growth, present status and future prospects of west Himalayan fir (Abies pindrow Royle) growing in the moist temperate forest of Himalayan mountains of Pakistan","authors":"Zahid Rauf, Adam Khan, S. Siddiqui, S. Saleem, T. Iqbal, S. A. Shah, Nowsherwan Zarif, Wahiba Iqbal","doi":"10.17221/3/2022-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/3/2022-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"Forests play a significant role for maintaining the biodiversity. In order to manage sustainable forests, tree species history, distribution, and their future prospects are vital. Using standardized quantitative approaches, the age, radial growth, and size class distribution of Abies pindrow (Himalayan fir) were determined from three different altitudinal sites (i.e. high, middle, and lower). The results indicate that Himalayan fir growing in the high-altitude site (Ayubia, 2 917 m a.s.l.) of moist temperate forests of the Himalayan mountains showed lower radial growth (0.13 cm) than in the middle (Bara Gali, 2 617 m a.s.l.; radial growth = 0.13 cm) and lower (Kuldana, 2 455 m a.s.l.; radial growth = 0.22 cm) altitude sites. Correlation analysis demonstrated that age showed a significant positive correlation (P < 0.001) with diameter at breast height. The tree-ring width chronology (totally 80 core samples) of Himalayan fir was developed from moist temperate forests of Himalayan mountains of Pakistan. At Ayubia site it possesses a long time-span (1703–2020 C.E.), followed by Bara Gali (1862–2020 C.E.) and Kuldana (1864–2020 C.E.). Further, the tree-ring width (TRW) chronology of Ayubia showed a significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) with May and June temperature, and a significant negative correlation (P < 0.05) with June and October precipitation, indicating that summer temperatures are the key factor for the radial growth of Himalayan fir. For the Kuldana site, the response of TRW chronology to temperature and precipitation was the same, however, it was significant only for June temperature at Bara Gali. The size class distribution of the high-altitude region (Ayubia) showed a higher number of individuals than the lower altitude region, indicating the lowest disturbance conditions. The absence of individuals in the early size classes and the gap in middle and mature size classes indicate a lower regeneration potential and anthropogenic impact. The pointer year analysis indicated that the Bara Gali forest is more sensitive to abnormal climate events than the other sites. Based on the present study, we suggest that proper attention and conservation strategy should be provided to Himalayan fir growing in the moist temperate forests of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82754344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis Alberto Marin Martinez, Lourdes Georgina Iglesias Andreu
Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. is a species endemic to Mexico and is widely used in reforestation programmes, as it is highly adapted to poor, shallow, limestone soils and has high commercial importance. However, it is necessary to preserve this genetic material since it is in trouble due to high rates of deforestation, land use change, and forest fires, so it is necessary to have effective strategies to obtain good quality seedlings. Due to the properties of LED (light emitting diode) lamps used for illumination in the production of in vitro plants, the effects of two different lighting systems (LED and fluorescent) on an in vitro culture were analysed for the morphological characteristics of the growth and photosynthetic pigment content in P. pseudostrobus seedlings. The length and root size of the seedlings were affected by the type of illumination, where a red LED light was the most effective at 30 days of evaluation. However, a blue LED light was equally effective as a red LED light at 60 days of seedling development. On the other hand, the fluorescent light was better in terms of the number of needles in the first stage, but we found the blue LED light to be better in the second stage. For the photosynthetic pigment content, the highest values were found with the blue LED light. The results showed that the LED lighting system favours the growth, development, and photosynthetic pigment content of the species under study.
{"title":"Effect of LED lights on the in vitro growth of Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl., plants","authors":"Luis Alberto Marin Martinez, Lourdes Georgina Iglesias Andreu","doi":"10.17221/43/2022-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/43/2022-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. is a species endemic to Mexico and is widely used in reforestation programmes, as it is highly adapted to poor, shallow, limestone soils and has high commercial importance. However, it is necessary to preserve this genetic material since it is in trouble due to high rates of deforestation, land use change, and forest fires, so it is necessary to have effective strategies to obtain good quality seedlings. Due to the properties of LED (light emitting diode) lamps used for illumination in the production of in vitro plants, the effects of two different lighting systems (LED and fluorescent) on an in vitro culture were analysed for the morphological characteristics of the growth and photosynthetic pigment content in P. pseudostrobus seedlings. The length and root size of the seedlings were affected by the type of illumination, where a red LED light was the most effective at 30 days of evaluation. However, a blue LED light was equally effective as a red LED light at 60 days of seedling development. On the other hand, the fluorescent light was better in terms of the number of needles in the first stage, but we found the blue LED light to be better in the second stage. For the photosynthetic pigment content, the highest values were found with the blue LED light. The results showed that the LED lighting system favours the growth, development, and photosynthetic pigment content of the species under study.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85730947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Parhizkar, Mohammad Hosein Sadeqzadeh Hallaj, M. Hassani
The predominant natural disturbance regime within an old-growth Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forest has been imitated in order to continue the forest cover. It is unclear how much the silvicultural characteristics of regeneration in a managed forest differ from those in an unmanaged old-growth forest subject only to natural dynamics. In this study, we compared important quantitative (e.g. height, collar diameter, crown width, length of spring shoot on the main stem and length of the uppermost internodes) and qualitative (e.g. healthy, mode of branching and stem form) silvicultural characteristics of beech saplings within the gaps between an unmanaged old-growth Oriental beech compartment and a managed forest in the northern Iran ten years after a single harvest entry using a single-tree selection. Canopy gaps larger than 100 m2 with visible remnants of gapmakers (i.e. stumps) were included in this study. The saplings’ characteristics of both compartments were within typical ranges for an old-growth beech forest. Small, but important differences were also observed. The value of beech saplings’ density in the managed compartment (4.9 ± 0.7 SE) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the unmanaged one (3.4 ± 0.6 SE). Conversely, the value of the Menhinick Richness index in the unmanaged one (0.96 ± 0.05 SE) was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than the managed compartment (0.80 ± 0.04 SE). The sapling spring shoot length in the unmanaged compartment (13.3 ± 1.7 SE) was also significantly (P < 0.01) higher than the managed one (7.3 ± 0.7 SE). Relying on beech trees in a managed compartment will hamper the stability of future forest stands. The imitation of the old growth forest must be complete. To increase the resistance of the forest stands to adverse conditions, pay attention to the tree species richness at the time of marking.
{"title":"Managed vs. unmanaged Fagus orientalis Lipsky forests: Structure and diversity of natural regeneration in northern Iran","authors":"P. Parhizkar, Mohammad Hosein Sadeqzadeh Hallaj, M. Hassani","doi":"10.17221/63/2022-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/63/2022-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"The predominant natural disturbance regime within an old-growth Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forest has been imitated in order to continue the forest cover. It is unclear how much the silvicultural characteristics of regeneration in a managed forest differ from those in an unmanaged old-growth forest subject only to natural dynamics. In this study, we compared important quantitative (e.g. height, collar diameter, crown width, length of spring shoot on the main stem and length of the uppermost internodes) and qualitative (e.g. healthy, mode of branching and stem form) silvicultural characteristics of beech saplings within the gaps between an unmanaged old-growth Oriental beech compartment and a managed forest in the northern Iran ten years after a single harvest entry using a single-tree selection. Canopy gaps larger than 100 m2 with visible remnants of gapmakers (i.e. stumps) were included in this study. The saplings’ characteristics of both compartments were within typical ranges for an old-growth beech forest. Small, but important differences were also observed. The value of beech saplings’ density in the managed compartment (4.9 ± 0.7 SE) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the unmanaged one (3.4 ± 0.6 SE). Conversely, the value of the Menhinick Richness index in the unmanaged one (0.96 ± 0.05 SE) was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than the managed compartment (0.80 ± 0.04 SE). The sapling spring shoot length in the unmanaged compartment (13.3 ± 1.7 SE) was also significantly (P < 0.01) higher than the managed one (7.3 ± 0.7 SE). Relying on beech trees in a managed compartment will hamper the stability of future forest stands. The imitation of the old growth forest must be complete. To increase the resistance of the forest stands to adverse conditions, pay attention to the tree species richness at the time of marking.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76713583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Lavnyy, P. Spathelf, Rostyslav Kravchuk, R. Vytseha, Volodymyr Yakhnytskyy
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests belong to the most relevant forest types in the Western Ukrainian Roztochia area. The promotion of close-to-nature forest management in Ukraine in the framework of the forest strategy 2 035 supports natural regeneration and the application of diverse felling methods beyond clearcutting. In the present study, natural regeneration was analysed in mixed Scots pine stands on poor and relatively rich soils, after small clearcuts, shelterwood cutting and gap fellings (with or without soil preparation), with respect to tree species composition, species abundance and height growth. It could be shown that Scots pine is the most abundant species in all the felling systems, with on average more than 100 000 plants per ha on poor soils. Other admixed tree species only occur with small shares. Natural regeneration, especially of Scots pine, was less abundant on rich soils and in shelterwood, compared to a small clearcut. After the young plants have established, their abundance declined in the second and third year due to competing herbaceous plants and thick litter.
{"title":"Silvicultural options to promote natural regeneration of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Western Ukrainian forests","authors":"V. Lavnyy, P. Spathelf, Rostyslav Kravchuk, R. Vytseha, Volodymyr Yakhnytskyy","doi":"10.17221/73/2022-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/73/2022-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests belong to the most relevant forest types in the Western Ukrainian Roztochia area. The promotion of close-to-nature forest management in Ukraine in the framework of the forest strategy 2 035 supports natural regeneration and the application of diverse felling methods beyond clearcutting. In the present study, natural regeneration was analysed in mixed Scots pine stands on poor and relatively rich soils, after small clearcuts, shelterwood cutting and gap fellings (with or without soil preparation), with respect to tree species composition, species abundance and height growth. It could be shown that Scots pine is the most abundant species in all the felling systems, with on average more than 100 000 plants per ha on poor soils. Other admixed tree species only occur with small shares. Natural regeneration, especially of Scots pine, was less abundant on rich soils and in shelterwood, compared to a small clearcut. After the young plants have established, their abundance declined in the second and third year due to competing herbaceous plants and thick litter.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79187798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Byeonggil Choi, Gyeongwon Baek, Hyung-Sub Kim, Yowhan Son, C. Kim
This study aimed to determine the effects of the stand and month on the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations and the inputs of the litterfall components in adjacent Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis stands. The monthly C concentrations of the litterfall components were significantly higher in the P. densiflora stand than in the Q. variabilis stand, whereas the monthly N concentrations of the leaf and miscellaneous litter were higher in the Q. variabilis stand than in the P. densiflora stand. The coefficient variations of the N concentrations were higher than those of C concentrations of the litterfall components. The monthly C and N inputs of the leaf litter showed a unimodal pattern in the Q. variabilis stand, whereas multimodal patterns in the P. densiflora stand could be seen. The annual total C inputs were not significantly different between the P. densiflora [2 691 kg(C)·ha–1·yr–1] and Q. variabilis [2 439 kg(C)·ha–1·yr–1] stands. However, the annual total N inputs were significantly higher in the Q. variabilis [44.5 kg(N)·ha–1·yr–1] stand than in the P. densiflora [38.6 kg(N)·ha–1·yr–1] stand. These results indicate that the C and N dynamics in the litterfall components were affected by the species and sampling months in adjacent P. densiflora and Q. variabilis stands.
{"title":"Comparisons of carbon and nitrogen dynamics of litterfall components in adjacent Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis stands","authors":"Byeonggil Choi, Gyeongwon Baek, Hyung-Sub Kim, Yowhan Son, C. Kim","doi":"10.17221/75/2022-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/75/2022-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the effects of the stand and month on the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations and the inputs of the litterfall components in adjacent Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis stands. The monthly C concentrations of the litterfall components were significantly higher in the P. densiflora stand than in the Q. variabilis stand, whereas the monthly N concentrations of the leaf and miscellaneous litter were higher in the Q. variabilis stand than in the P. densiflora stand. The coefficient variations of the N concentrations were higher than those of C concentrations of the litterfall components. The monthly C and N inputs of the leaf litter showed a unimodal pattern in the Q. variabilis stand, whereas multimodal patterns in the P. densiflora stand could be seen. The annual total C inputs were not significantly different between the P. densiflora [2 691 kg(C)·ha–1·yr–1] and Q. variabilis [2 439 kg(C)·ha–1·yr–1] stands. However, the annual total N inputs were significantly higher in the Q. variabilis [44.5 kg(N)·ha–1·yr–1] stand than in the P. densiflora [38.6 kg(N)·ha–1·yr–1] stand. These results indicate that the C and N dynamics in the litterfall components were affected by the species and sampling months in adjacent P. densiflora and Q. variabilis stands.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80470174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Knott, Z. Adamec, Barbora Uherková, J. Kadavý, M. Kneifl
We assessed the value of coppice stools in connection with selected factors in three different areas of the Drahany Highlands (Czech Republic). The stool value was assessed by evaluating the morphological features. Stools were selected in forest stands with an age of 80 years and older. We analysed the potential influence of twenty-five variables (for example, the exposure, forest vegetation zone, potential natural vegetation, actual or historical owner, edaphic category, etc.) on the stool value. We found that the historical ownership, climatic region, and category of potential natural vegetation significantly affect the coppice stool value. We observed the occurrence of stools with a higher stool value in moderate climatic region type 3 (MT3), in scree and ravine woodlands and in the territory of the historical owners of the Mitrovsky and Salm-Reifferscheid families. According to our results, the probability of the occurrence of coppice stools decreases with an increasing stool value.
{"title":"Evaluation of coppice management relics based on coppice stool value variability in the Drahany Highlands","authors":"R. Knott, Z. Adamec, Barbora Uherková, J. Kadavý, M. Kneifl","doi":"10.17221/74/2022-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/74/2022-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"We assessed the value of coppice stools in connection with selected factors in three different areas of the Drahany Highlands (Czech Republic). The stool value was assessed by evaluating the morphological features. Stools were selected in forest stands with an age of 80 years and older. We analysed the potential influence of twenty-five variables (for example, the exposure, forest vegetation zone, potential natural vegetation, actual or historical owner, edaphic category, etc.) on the stool value. We found that the historical ownership, climatic region, and category of potential natural vegetation significantly affect the coppice stool value. We observed the occurrence of stools with a higher stool value in moderate climatic region type 3 (MT3), in scree and ravine woodlands and in the territory of the historical owners of the Mitrovsky and Salm-Reifferscheid families. According to our results, the probability of the occurrence of coppice stools decreases with an increasing stool value.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90549639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) is a professional and social institution whose basic mission is to influence the scientific level of research activities and education in its field of competence, to take care of its continuous development and to effectively popularize the acquired scientific knowledge. Within the CAAS and its Department of Forestry, the Commission of Forest Economics has been operating for a long time, focusing on forest and wood economics and policy. A total of 11 research directions are defined in the forthcoming Concept of Research, Development and Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture for the period 2023+, the professional part of which is covered and guaranteed by the CAAS. The following directions are included in forestry and wood processing: “Forestry and related industries” and the direction “Forest and agricultural economics and policy” integrated with agriculture. The paper briefly describes the scientific focus of forest and wood economics and policy in this context and especially the activities of the Commission of Forest Economics of the Department of Forestry of the CAAS. In the temporal and factual context, it mentions the published monograph “Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences and a Quarter-Century of the Commission of Forest Economics”.
{"title":"Forest economics within the activities of the Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences","authors":"P. Palátová, V. Kupčák","doi":"10.17221/56/2022-jfs","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17221/56/2022-jfs","url":null,"abstract":"Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) is a professional and social institution whose basic mission is to influence the scientific level of research activities and education in its field of competence, to take care of its continuous development and to effectively popularize the acquired scientific knowledge. Within the CAAS and its Department of Forestry, the Commission of Forest Economics has been operating for a long time, focusing on forest and wood economics and policy. A total of 11 research directions are defined in the forthcoming Concept of Research, Development and Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture for the period 2023+, the professional part of which is covered and guaranteed by the CAAS. The following directions are included in forestry and wood processing: “Forestry and related industries” and the direction “Forest and agricultural economics and policy” integrated with agriculture. The paper briefly describes the scientific focus of forest and wood economics and policy in this context and especially the activities of the Commission of Forest Economics of the Department of Forestry of the CAAS. In the temporal and factual context, it mentions the published monograph “Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences and a Quarter-Century of the Commission of Forest Economics”.","PeriodicalId":16011,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forest science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73876756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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