Journal of Health Communication最新文献

Patient-centered communication (PCC) plays a pivotal role in improving healthcare quality and health outcomes. A plethora of cancer prevention-related information is publicly available, potentially leading to cancer information overload (CIO). However, little is known about whether experience with PCC can help prevent or reduce CIO among adults without a history of cancer. Pooled data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 5, Cycles 1-4, 2017 through 2020) were utilized for 10,636 non-institutionalized U.S. adults (≥18 years) without a history of cancer. The CIO was constructed based on respondents' experiences of difficulties following myriad cancer prevention recommendations. Experience of PCC was measured on a composite score scale of 0 to 100 based on elements of the PCC model for patient-healthcare provider encounters. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to investigate associations between PCC and CIO. Approximately 75.0% of the study respondents with a lower mean PCC expressed experiencing CIO (79.1 vs. no-CIO = 82.1, p < .001). With each one-unit score increase on the PCC scale, the odds of experiencing CIO decreased by approximately 1% (adjusted OR = 0.993; 95% CI: 0.988, 0.997; p < .01). The findings highlight that higher levels of PCC are associated with reduced odds of experiencing CIO. Increased PCC could help individuals better navigate cancer prevention-related information, thus reducing stress and improving informed decision-making. Healthcare providers and policy initiatives should promote tailored cancer prevention communication practices that prioritize patient-centeredness.

Co-design, a collaborative approach where end-users are actively involved in design processes, has gained traction in health communication. Its integration into health communication initiatives holds promise for amplifying the voices of people with disability. Despite this, its application remains inconsistent. This scoping literature review explores how people with disability are included, when and through what methods to co-design health communication interventions. Principles of importance are considered and identified. Thirty articles published between 2018 and 2023 were reviewed. The review identified a range of methods used in health communication initiatives, with people with disability engaging at different stages and in different ways. While co-design offers potential for improved health communication, challenges such as unpredictable outcomes, diversity of participant needs, and barriers to full engagement persist. Improved transparency and consistency in reporting co-design processes are recommended to enhance rigor and effectiveness of future initiatives.

This study identifies and analyzes X (formerly Twitter) posts related to 14 e-cigarette use prevention campaigns from 2014 to 2020, assessing message volume, content, sources, potential reach and engagement. Using supervised machine learning, we classified 618,965 tweets, finding 43% contained opposition messaging. Two regional campaigns received the highest levels of opposition, with over 99% of related tweets classified as opposition. However, prevention/neutral messages exhibited 92% higher potential reach than opposition messages. Geolocation analysis suggested that regional campaigns may have struggled to focus their impact within targeted jurisdictions. These findings illustrate the dual role of social media as both an amplifier of prevention messages and a platform for oppositional narratives, underscoring the need for public health practitioners to develop adaptive strategies to address misinformation and enhance the impact of digital campaigns.

Health-related information can often be overwhelming for consumers resulting in difficulty in interpretation and application. Historically, art and narratives have played key roles in communication within diverse populations however collectively have received little recognition as a means to enable health literacy. This study aims to investigate patient/caregiver narratives and visual art as a modality to improve knowledge translation and health literacy in the wider community. Nine recently discharged patients and 1 caregiver from a regional hospital were paired with 10 tertiary visual arts students for interview. Each narrative was transformed into visual art and exhibited at a community art gallery and to high school art students. Self-reported questionnaires generated data in subjective experience and learning outcomes. Health literacy was evaluated via voluntary gallery viewer and school student response surveys post-exhibition exposure. Exhibition surveys revealed 96.9% of gallery observers had learnt something new about illness or injury. High school students found the activity had improved (42%) or somewhat improved (38%) their understanding of illness and injury. Our findings suggest patient/caregiver narratives and visual art are equitable and effectual modalities for health service organizations to facilitate, affective and experiential learning, and improve health literacy within the community.

Communication scholars warn against focusing on individual behaviors when discussing health issues, arguing that doing so can reduce affect and policy support. Although COVID-19 outcomes are linked to structural barriers to treatment, policy interventions appear to improve outcomes for vulnerable groups. Thus, strategic messages must promote public understanding of social determinants and policy support related to COVID-19. Using concepts from attribution theory and narrative persuasion, we employed an experiment (N = 435) testing the effects of personal responsibility (high, moderate, and low) on affective engagement and COVID-19 policy support. Namely, the manuscript examines (a) affective responses to characters displaying varying levels of personal responsibility for COVID-19 prevention, (b) the impact of these affective responses on policy support, and (c) the moderating role of audience political ideology on these effects. Analyses revealed that a highly responsible protagonist elicited empathy and perceived similarity, increasing policy support. While participants' political ideology moderated protagonist responsibility on perceived similarity, a more responsible protagonist evoked empathy independently of political leaning. Theoretical and practical implications are offered.

Black women suffer more complications and birthing harms compared to other race-ethnic groups. Even when birthing equity initiatives are implemented, many Black families choose to work with a Black doula to reduce harms linked to obstetric racism. Most Black doulas described their role as helping women have the kind of birth they want; however, problems doulas experience in communicating with other birthing team members are not well understood. Situated in the interprofessional team communication model, this study asked fifty Black doulas to respond to two open-ended questions about their communication experiences with other birthing care providers. Thematic analysis identified six themes including efforts to establish legitimacy as a doula, responding to provider use of power strategies, negotiating roles and responsibilities on the birthing team, conflict from difference in birthing philosophies, impact of hospital regulation of doulas on their practice, and how doula advocacy was conducted. While Black doulas reported successful communication with other providers, they also described microaggressions experienced from members of predominantly White birthing teams. Preemptive communication strategies that doulas used to encourage other birthing team members to accept them onto the team were identified. Suggestions for how Black doulas can be more fully integrated into birthing teams were also presented.

The personalized information service My Cancer Navigator (MCN) answers therapy-related questions of patients with cancer and their caregivers, to address information needs and contribute to shared decision-making (SDM). An explorative and descriptive cross-sectional study using online surveys was conducted to assess whether users perceived a change in factors contributing to SDM after using the service. Of 253 invited MCN users, 109 (43.1%) filled out the survey (64.2% patients and 35.8% caregivers). Most participants experienced a positive change in their emotional well-being (72.5%) and knowledge level (86.3%). The majority (68.5%) of patients reported being able to cope better with their disease while 76.4% of caregivers felt more able to support the patient throughout the disease process. Discussing treatment preferences and making decisions with health-care professionals (HCPs) became easier for 48.5% and 44.0% of patients, respectively. Of all participants, 52.0% reported a change in disease management. These findings suggest that most participants perceived MCN as impactful. The service facilitated the implementation of SDM from the patient perspective by improving communication with HCPs, increasing knowledge level, improving emotional well-being, and helping them cope better with the disease. Further research should explore how this type of service can be integrated in the care pathway.

With innovations in health information technology, there are increasing opportunities to search for health information online, with the potential to reduce health care costs and improve health outcomes for the family. This study aims to investigate how family communication processes influence online health information seeking for oneself (self OHIS) and for another person (surrogate OHIS). An online survey was conducted among 325 adults in China. The results showed that family conversation orientation was positively related to family health history (FHH) communication intentions, whereas family conformity orientation was negatively related to FHH communication intentions. Family conversation orientation was positively related to self and surrogate OHIS through the partial and masking mediation effects of FHH communication intentions, respectively. Family conformity orientation was negatively related to self OHIS through the full mediating effect of FHH communication intentions, while FHH communication intentions played a masking mediating role between conformity orientation and surrogate OHIS. Implications for extending family communication patterns research to health communication and cultural forces on OHIS are discussed.

Coitus interruptus - colloquially referred to as withdrawal - is an attempt at contraception wherein the penis is removed from the vagina prior to ejaculation, with ejaculation occurring somewhere outside the vagina. Although withdrawal can reduce the risk of pregnancy, it is less efficacious than methods such as consistent condom use and hormonal birth control. Consequently, it is of public health importance to identify sociocultural influences that either increase or decrease the likelihood of withdrawal as a contraceptive technique. Multiple content analyses have identified external ejaculation as common in popular pornography, yet no study appears to have assessed whether more frequent pornography consumption increases the likelihood of withdrawal behavior. Using national probability data, the present study examined whether pornography use and withdrawal were correlated among U.S. women aged 15-49. Women who consumed pornography more frequently were more likely to report using withdrawal as a contraceptive method than women who consumed pornography less frequently, but this association was moderated by perceptions of pornography's utility and women's marital status. Results are discussed through the lens of the sexual script acquisition, activation, application model (₃AM) of sexual media socialization.

Background: Searching for health information is critical for maintaining one's health and reducing risk of disease, including cancer. However, some people are more likely to experience challenges in finding and comprehending health information; therefore, it is important to measure health information-seeking behavior. In order to add to prior research conducted with the scale, this study provides the first formal evaluation of the validity and reliability of the four-item, cancer-focused Information Seeking Experience (ISEE) scale in a cross-sectional, nationally representative health survey of U.S. adults.

Results: Results indicated that the four ISEE scale items were within limits of normality (skew range = -.44-.11; kurtosis range = -1.07 - -.71), exhibited medium to strong pairwise correlations (r's = .54-.72), and indicated a strong internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .85). The scale was unidimensional (CFI = .997, TLI = .992, SRMR = .012), and the scale demonstrated construct validity with known sociodemographic characteristics. As predicted, the ISEE scale had relatively weak relationships with the Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety, Patient-Centered Communication Scale, and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Instrumental Support 4a, demonstrating discriminant validity.

Conclusions: Tracking information-seeking experience in the population is critical, especially to inform efforts that ensure individuals have accessible, understandable, and reliable information about cancer. The ISEE scale was found to assess various aspects of cancer information-seeking in a reliable and valid manner and may be used in future surveys to track information support needs of those who seek health and cancer information.