Journal of Health Communication最新文献

The model of culture-centric narratives in health promotion (CNHP) is argued to be most effective for homogenous cultural communities. This study a) compares the impact of narratives designed to speak to two different cultures (i.e. Latindad v. white, Anglo-Saxon culture in the Midwest), and b) examines the potential influence of acculturation on those narrative effects. English-proficient, Latino-identifying adult participants living in the Midwest of the United States (n = 189) were randomly assigned to one of the two narratives about a family's struggles during COVID-19. Participants exposed to the culture-centric narrative found the characters more culturally similar to themselves than those exposed to the white, Anglo-Saxon narrative (t (212) = 3.22, Mean Diff. = .45, SE = .14, p = .001). Some evidence was also found to suggest that acculturation may influence character engagement (F (5, 178) = 2.81, R² = .10, p = .003). Implications based on these findings may expand the potential application of the CNHP model, as we discuss the heterogeneity of cultural groups and the impact of demographic representation versus the presentation of cultural values like familismo.

Health warning labels on cigarette packs are one of the most widely implemented and effective tobacco control interventions. Since their implementation in the United States in 1964, the appearance of these warnings has evolved as research surrounding them has grown. However, improved cigarette warning labels are needed in order to accelerate smoking quit rates and reduce smoking-attributable deaths. The Message Impact Framework describes the mechanisms through which such warnings influence attention, attitudes, knowledge, and intentions to quit smoking, which can ultimately lead to behavioral change. This framework has been used to advance tobacco regulatory research regarding cigarette warning labels; however, studies surrounding warning messages demonstrate how messaging influences smokers but are limited in how variability among smokers (e.g. cultural perspectives) can influence warning message interpretation. If cigarette warning labels are not sufficiently framed to account for diversity within the smoking population, they may not reach their intended audiences or have their intended effects. Rather than treating smokers as a monolith, this review draws on research to demonstrate the need for marketing segmentation of smokers. Such information can then be leveraged to update the Message Impact Framework and develop more targeted cigarette warning labels.

The COVID-19 situation brought novelties into discourses on anti-vaccination and vaccine hesitancy on social media-both in logic and concerning topics. The complexity of vaccine production and distribution parallel to constant political negotiations on a global level created an opaque and confusing system seedbed for misinformation, which decreased the trust in public management and authorities as the vaccination discussions became embedded in both local and global politics. In this study, we contrast the anti-vaxxers and the vaccine-hesitant people's attitudes toward the local aspects of vaccination. We compare these groups' main narratives in two key vaccine-related topics - locality and authority. Based on our analysis, anti-vaxxer comments are nonpolitical or differentiate national politics from global aspects of COVID-19 vaccination. On the contrary, vaccine-hesitant discourses are highly contextual and dependent on the continuous changing of the conditions. The east-west political narrative has severely impacted both non-anti-vaxxer and vaccine-hesitant groups and contributed to increased vaccination hesitancy in Hungary.

Population-level tobacco prevention education campaigns influence a range of public health behaviors. Campaign receptivity is a precursor to shifts in campaign-targeted beliefs. This study examined the bi-directional nature of campaign receptivity and campaign-targeted beliefs (i.e. anti-industry, social movement, independence). Further, this study explored the relationship between campaign-targeted beliefs and campaign-targeted outcomes (i.e. tobacco behavior and intentions not to use). Data were drawn from the Truth Longitudinal Cohort, a nationally representative, probability-based cohort which includes youth and young adults (N = 3,771; 15-24 years). Campaign receptivity and campaign-targeted beliefs were measured at Times 1-4, while campaign-targeted outcomes were measured at Time 5. Findings indicate that a one unit increase in campaign receptivity is associated with an average increase of .94, .82, and .61 points in social movement, independence, and anti-industry beliefs, respectively. Analyses also revealed that for each unit increase in social movement and anti-industry beliefs, respondents' any current tobacco use declined by 0.06 and 0.08 points. Moreover, for each unit increase in social movement and independence beliefs, respondents' intentions not to use cigarettes/e-cigarettes increased by .12 and .10 points, respectively. This study reveals the pathway by which campaign receptivity translates to campaign-targeted beliefs and how this impacts campaign-targeted outcomes.

Misleading news reports about COVID-19 vaccines may hinder acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines. The present study aimed to first assess the impact of these misleading news reports on people's attitudes and intentions toward getting the COVID-19 vaccine. The second goal was to determine whether inoculation messages could confer resistance to these misleading reports. In addition, the roles of temporal frames in inoculation messages and the individual characteristic of actively open-minded thinking were examined. A randomized experiment that exposed South Korean participants to different types of inoculation messages was carried out (N = 500). Viewing only misleading news articles about the COVID-19 vaccine led to negative attitudes and intentions to avoid it. In contrast, exposure to standard inoculation messages significantly reduced negative attitudes and intentions to avoid the vaccine. Temporal frames did not make a difference. However, those with high actively open-minded thinking styles responded more favorably to future-framed inoculation messages.

mHealth interventions can efficiently distribute healthcare information to broad populations. However, take-up, adherence or engagement can be hard to assess. Building on previous efforts to create mHealth engagement indices, we developed an engagement metric to measure men's participation in SMS4dads, a message service for men in transition to fatherhood. Data were collected from 3261 fathers in NSW Australia in 2020-2021. An engagement metric was computed as a proportion of interactions across links and texts. Hazard ratios of dropping out were applied as external validity. To further understand men's engagement, we explored characteristics related to engagement in the program. Engagement scores did not significantly differ for rural or urban fathers. Engagement scores differed for Indigenous status, education level, first child status, antenatal enrollment, smoking status, alcohol use, and psychological distress score. The range of Engagement scores suggests that some men respond to few prompts, while others respond to almost all prompts. Understanding characteristics associated with mHealth engagement can improve precision when tailoring interventions to individual needs and vulnerable groups.

Guided by the Situational Theory of Problem Solving (STOPS), this study surveys 1,853 Chinese individuals to identify factors influencing active information behaviors and HPV prevention intentions. Results show that involvement recognition is the key driver of situational motivation, leading to active information behaviors, which in turn significantly predict HPV vaccination intentions. Although fear does not directly impact information behaviors, it mediates the effect of perceptual variables on situational motivation. The study also highlights the different impacts of Chinese versus foreign social media news consumption on perceptual variables and the unique effect of gender on involvement recognition. These findings support the applicability of STOPS in HPV prevention and provide insights for improving health communication strategies.

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective but underutilized by cisgender women. Physicians are important gatekeepers to PrEP access. Factors that shape providers' decisions to discuss PrEP with female patients are not well elucidated in the literature. We sought to understand these decisions through the lens of the Disclosure Decision-Making Model because discussion of PrEP with a patient shares many commonalities with HIV status disclosure. We interviewed physicians caring for women in HIV endemic regions in the US (N = 21). When adapted to reflect the clinical context, the DD-MM was well suited to characterize the factors influencing providers' willingness to disclose PrEP information. Assessments of information, receiver, clinical recommendation, and efficacy of disclosure-shaped providers' decision to disclose. We describe the unique considerations and articulate theoretical and practical implications to inform the development of interventions to improve equity in PrEP provision.

Beverage industry marketing tactics can cause caregivers to misperceive sweetened fruit drinks (SFDs) as healthy, increasing the likelihood they give their children SFDs. The Sweet Lies! countermarketing campaign sought to educate Hawai'i caregivers of children ages 0-8 about the industry's misleading tactics and the harms of SFDs. Focus groups were held to develop messages for Hawai'i caregivers. The campaign ran January-April 2023 on television, digital and social media, radio, and in malls. Campaign effects were assessed with media metrics and pre-/post-campaign cross-sectional surveys. Pre-surveys were conducted November-December 2022 (n = 458) and post-surveys were conducted in May 2023 (n = 482) to evaluate campaign effects on caregivers' perceptions of SFD health risks and SFD purchases in a simulated store. Pre-/post-survey samples were demographically different precluding comparisons and post-survey data were unable to show differences in health risk ratings and SFD purchases by exposure. The campaign produced 32,155,747 impressions across media outlets. Post-survey data showed campaign recall of 36.9% and informed campaign revisions. Lessons learned, including the importance of formative research for campaign tailoring and evaluation for real-world campaign implementation, the value of panel surveys for rapid evaluations, and to plan for low exposure rates, are shared to inform other campaign and evaluation efforts.