Pub Date : 2011-11-14DOI: 10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125763
C. Siaterlis, B. Genge
The Smart Grid is a complex cyber-physical system that is evolving rapidly from a relatively isolated to an open and diverse environment. Within this context, enhancing the security of the future Smart Grid becomes a major priority. In this paper we introduce the use of data fusion for automated decision making in cyber-physical systems such as the Smart Grid. One of the most important applications of decision making is in the field of anomaly detection. This can enable the detection of attacks in cyber-physical systems without requiring a complete description of the physical process. The novelty of our approach is that is combines reports of various cyber and physical sensors, rather than focusing on either one single metric, or one singe realm, as was the case of similar techniques. Based on the proposed architecture we implement a new cyber-physical anomaly detection system. We show that data fusion is much more effective if it combines both cyber and physical realms, rather than focusing on the two realms separately.
{"title":"Theory of evidence-based automated decision making in cyber-physical systems","authors":"C. Siaterlis, B. Genge","doi":"10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125763","url":null,"abstract":"The Smart Grid is a complex cyber-physical system that is evolving rapidly from a relatively isolated to an open and diverse environment. Within this context, enhancing the security of the future Smart Grid becomes a major priority. In this paper we introduce the use of data fusion for automated decision making in cyber-physical systems such as the Smart Grid. One of the most important applications of decision making is in the field of anomaly detection. This can enable the detection of attacks in cyber-physical systems without requiring a complete description of the physical process. The novelty of our approach is that is combines reports of various cyber and physical sensors, rather than focusing on either one single metric, or one singe realm, as was the case of similar techniques. Based on the proposed architecture we implement a new cyber-physical anomaly detection system. We show that data fusion is much more effective if it combines both cyber and physical realms, rather than focusing on the two realms separately.","PeriodicalId":161289,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Smart Measurements of Future Grids (SMFG) Proceedings","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115733304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-14DOI: 10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125774
Christoph Molitor, F. Ponci, A. Monti, D. Calì, D. Muller
This paper describes the financial benefits of consumers while applying different operating modes to their heat pump. In order to evaluate the different operating modes a single family house with heating system has been modeled and simulated with different operation strategies of the heating system and exposed to different electricity tariff schemes. Due to the detailed building model the comfort level resulting from the different operating modes has also been evaluated.
{"title":"Consumer benefits of electricity-price-driven heat pump operation in future smart grids","authors":"Christoph Molitor, F. Ponci, A. Monti, D. Calì, D. Muller","doi":"10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125774","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the financial benefits of consumers while applying different operating modes to their heat pump. In order to evaluate the different operating modes a single family house with heating system has been modeled and simulated with different operation strategies of the heating system and exposed to different electricity tariff schemes. Due to the detailed building model the comfort level resulting from the different operating modes has also been evaluated.","PeriodicalId":161289,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Smart Measurements of Future Grids (SMFG) Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129558442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-14DOI: 10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125760
E. Kandia, M. Landini, G. Mazzanti, G. Pasini
This work deals with the experimentally-based evaluation of the total magnetic induction field B generated by multiple sources in complex three-dimensional arrangements, carried out on the basis of the measurement of the field components in a Cartesian coordinate system, Bx, By and Bz. Such a goal is achieved by means of an innovative measurement and evaluation system, that is proposed, described and validated in the paper. The ultimate goal is verifying that magnetic induction intensity is within the prescribed limits.
{"title":"A smart measurement and evaluation system for the magnetic-field generated by multiple field sources in complex 3-D arrangements","authors":"E. Kandia, M. Landini, G. Mazzanti, G. Pasini","doi":"10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125760","url":null,"abstract":"This work deals with the experimentally-based evaluation of the total magnetic induction field B generated by multiple sources in complex three-dimensional arrangements, carried out on the basis of the measurement of the field components in a Cartesian coordinate system, Bx, By and Bz. Such a goal is achieved by means of an innovative measurement and evaluation system, that is proposed, described and validated in the paper. The ultimate goal is verifying that magnetic induction intensity is within the prescribed limits.","PeriodicalId":161289,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Smart Measurements of Future Grids (SMFG) Proceedings","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124245778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-14DOI: 10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125769
S. Brofferio, A. Antonini, G. Galimberti, Dario Galeri
The estimate and the subsequent monitoring of the energy production of a photovoltaic system is a difficult issue because of the many variables involved, such as weather conditions and construction parameters. The mathematical models usually used do not describe, in an optimal way, the actual behavior of the photovoltaic module as they do not consider all the possible variables involved. This approach leads to an estimation error, from which arises the need to improve the mathematical model used. Given the extreme difficulty in identifying and measuring variables other than solar radiation and ambient temperature, we proposed to optimize the mathematical model using the theory of adaptive neural networks. We aim to create a better estimation method that pursues the real behavior of the PV module based on experimental data. We used a SART (Supervised Adaptive Resonance Theory) neural network to correct the power estimates of the one diode model (ODM). For this purpose, we presented an Estimation Model (EM) for estimating and monitoring the maximum power output of a photovoltaic panel that can take into account the non-linear characteristics of the system. We implemented this system via Matlab and evaluated the performance on a significant sample of actual data for a specific type of PV module. The experimental results show that we can improve the estimation and that this method can then be also used in the monitoring process of the PV system in order to identify specific faults. Finally we proposed a scheme of a possible system for estimating and monitoring the output power of a PV module.
{"title":"A method for estimating and monitoring the power generated by a photovoltaic module based on supervised adaptive neural networks","authors":"S. Brofferio, A. Antonini, G. Galimberti, Dario Galeri","doi":"10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125769","url":null,"abstract":"The estimate and the subsequent monitoring of the energy production of a photovoltaic system is a difficult issue because of the many variables involved, such as weather conditions and construction parameters. The mathematical models usually used do not describe, in an optimal way, the actual behavior of the photovoltaic module as they do not consider all the possible variables involved. This approach leads to an estimation error, from which arises the need to improve the mathematical model used. Given the extreme difficulty in identifying and measuring variables other than solar radiation and ambient temperature, we proposed to optimize the mathematical model using the theory of adaptive neural networks. We aim to create a better estimation method that pursues the real behavior of the PV module based on experimental data. We used a SART (Supervised Adaptive Resonance Theory) neural network to correct the power estimates of the one diode model (ODM). For this purpose, we presented an Estimation Model (EM) for estimating and monitoring the maximum power output of a photovoltaic panel that can take into account the non-linear characteristics of the system. We implemented this system via Matlab and evaluated the performance on a significant sample of actual data for a specific type of PV module. The experimental results show that we can improve the estimation and that this method can then be also used in the monitoring process of the PV system in order to identify specific faults. Finally we proposed a scheme of a possible system for estimating and monitoring the output power of a PV module.","PeriodicalId":161289,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Smart Measurements of Future Grids (SMFG) Proceedings","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129252204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-14DOI: 10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125780
M. Popa, M. Albu
There are very often scenarios when an accurate overview of the entire grid at an extra-large (even global) scale is needed, in order to perform estimations and predictions regarding grid events. In such scenarios data consistency plays a crucial role together with measurement data transfer for achieving real-time control. In this paper we propose an overview of the main functionalities of a PMU with the goal of cost-effective implementation based on a regular consumer computer (mostly x86 platforms). The proposal aims at promoting extra-large scale deployment of PMU-like equipment, with minimum financial effort. A key feature is data consistency.
{"title":"Implementation overview of PMU functionalities on a regular computer","authors":"M. Popa, M. Albu","doi":"10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125780","url":null,"abstract":"There are very often scenarios when an accurate overview of the entire grid at an extra-large (even global) scale is needed, in order to perform estimations and predictions regarding grid events. In such scenarios data consistency plays a crucial role together with measurement data transfer for achieving real-time control. In this paper we propose an overview of the main functionalities of a PMU with the goal of cost-effective implementation based on a regular consumer computer (mostly x86 platforms). The proposal aims at promoting extra-large scale deployment of PMU-like equipment, with minimum financial effort. A key feature is data consistency.","PeriodicalId":161289,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Smart Measurements of Future Grids (SMFG) Proceedings","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121311112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-14DOI: 10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125772
G. López, Pedro S. Moura, Marek Sikora, J. I. Moreno, A. D. de Almeida
The steady increase of electricity consumption in the EU household sector during the last decades, has made energy efficiency within this scope to become a major issue both for European Commission and for utilities. As a result, several EU R&D projects are currently underway, dealing with different pieces of such challenging problem. Standing out among them is the EU FP7 project ENERsip, whose main objective is to design, develop, and validate an adaptive service-oriented ICT platform to enable energy efficiency within energy-positive neighborhoods by remotely monitoring, controlling, and coordinating power generation and consumption in response to dynamic conditions. This paper focuses on the methodology, procedures, metrics, and tools to comprehensively evaluate the main benefits, in terms of energy and cost savings, as well as the communications infrastructure performance of such platform.
{"title":"Comprehensive validation of an ICT platform to support energy efficiency in future smart grid scenarios","authors":"G. López, Pedro S. Moura, Marek Sikora, J. I. Moreno, A. D. de Almeida","doi":"10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125772","url":null,"abstract":"The steady increase of electricity consumption in the EU household sector during the last decades, has made energy efficiency within this scope to become a major issue both for European Commission and for utilities. As a result, several EU R&D projects are currently underway, dealing with different pieces of such challenging problem. Standing out among them is the EU FP7 project ENERsip, whose main objective is to design, develop, and validate an adaptive service-oriented ICT platform to enable energy efficiency within energy-positive neighborhoods by remotely monitoring, controlling, and coordinating power generation and consumption in response to dynamic conditions. This paper focuses on the methodology, procedures, metrics, and tools to comprehensively evaluate the main benefits, in terms of energy and cost savings, as well as the communications infrastructure performance of such platform.","PeriodicalId":161289,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Smart Measurements of Future Grids (SMFG) Proceedings","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122388617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-14DOI: 10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125778
D. Della Giustina, S. Zanini, Salvatore Pugliese, L. Cremaschini
A2A Reti Elettriche SpA is an electricity distributor that operates in a large area in the northern part of Italy which includes the cities of Milan and Brescia. The paper describes the main goals that A2A Reti Elettriche has set forth in order to respond to the new challenges in operating electricity grids. More specifically, it examines the 7th Framework Program European Project INTEGRIS which revolves around a hybrid and distributed ICT infrastructure aimed at enabling the new electric functionalities demanded by a Smart Grid model.
A2A Reti electriche SpA是一家电力分销商，在意大利北部的大片地区开展业务，包括米兰和布雷西亚等城市。本文描述了A2A Reti electriche为应对电网运营中的新挑战而提出的主要目标。更具体地说，它研究了第七框架计划欧洲项目INTEGRIS，该项目围绕混合和分布式ICT基础设施，旨在实现智能电网模型所需的新电力功能。
{"title":"The role of INTEGRIS in the A2A Reti Elettriche's roadmap toward the smart grid","authors":"D. Della Giustina, S. Zanini, Salvatore Pugliese, L. Cremaschini","doi":"10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SMFG.2011.6125778","url":null,"abstract":"A2A Reti Elettriche SpA is an electricity distributor that operates in a large area in the northern part of Italy which includes the cities of Milan and Brescia. The paper describes the main goals that A2A Reti Elettriche has set forth in order to respond to the new challenges in operating electricity grids. More specifically, it examines the 7th Framework Program European Project INTEGRIS which revolves around a hybrid and distributed ICT infrastructure aimed at enabling the new electric functionalities demanded by a Smart Grid model.","PeriodicalId":161289,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Smart Measurements of Future Grids (SMFG) Proceedings","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132446140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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