In spite of the big progress in taxonomy by means of the classical methods, they could not help dealing with many issues especially when studying similar species. This led scientists to use the genotype. Molecular biological data came to emphasize the given taxonomical data which is reasonable since that all the characteristics in an organism reflect the molecular reservoir the organism has “the DNA”. Matter produced by organisms is remarkable. Evolutionary optimized properties such as in Euglena (E.) Euglena descends to the protozoa, It mostly occurs in still water of puddles, ponds, and lakes especially in water with high levels of organic nutrients, Species of genus Euglena are very important for the food chain, and are used as indicators of water quality and in many academic studies. In this study two species were isolated (E. viridis and E. gracilis ) and cultivated by using The differential modified media (HUT, Cramer and Myers). E. viridis was cultivated on Hutner's modified medium (HUT), while E. gracilis was Cultivated on Cramer and Myers modified medium. Both species were classified morphologically and Molecularly using species-specific primers. A local taxonomic key was developed.
{"title":"Morphological and Molecular Taxonomical Study of Euglena viridis Ehren and Euglena gracilis Klebs Growing in Aleppo, Syria","authors":"Montaha Al-Ashra, M. Abiad, Ahmad Allahem","doi":"10.4197/SCI.26-2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/SCI.26-2.1","url":null,"abstract":"In spite of the big progress in taxonomy by means of the classical methods, they could not help dealing with many issues especially when studying similar species. This led scientists to use the genotype. Molecular biological data came to emphasize the given taxonomical data which is reasonable since that all the characteristics in an organism reflect the molecular reservoir the organism has “the DNA”. Matter produced by organisms is remarkable. Evolutionary optimized properties such as in Euglena (E.) Euglena descends to the protozoa, It mostly occurs in still water of puddles, ponds, and lakes especially in water with high levels of organic nutrients, Species of genus Euglena are very important for the food chain, and are used as indicators of water quality and in many academic studies. In this study two species were isolated (E. viridis and E. gracilis ) and cultivated by using The differential modified media (HUT, Cramer and Myers). E. viridis was cultivated on Hutner's modified medium (HUT), while E. gracilis was Cultivated on Cramer and Myers modified medium. Both species were classified morphologically and Molecularly using species-specific primers. A local taxonomic key was developed.","PeriodicalId":16197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75469763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
37 Abstract . Chemical investigation of the soft coral Sarcophyton sp. collected from the Saudi territorial Red Sea waters, led to isolation of five terpenoidal metabolites (1-5). Three known sesquiterpenoid derivative; guaiacophine (1), guaia-5, 11(12)-dien (2) and calamenene (3), along with two known cembranoidal diterpenes, 2S*,11S*,12R*-isosarcophytoxide (4) and ent-sarcophine (5) were obtained. The structures of the compounds were established based on their NMR, MS, IR and UV spectral data.
{"title":"Terpenoidal Metabolites Obtained from Saudi Red Sea Soft Coral Sarcophyton Sp.","authors":"Hager Alorfi","doi":"10.4197/sci.26-2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/sci.26-2.3","url":null,"abstract":"37 Abstract . Chemical investigation of the soft coral Sarcophyton sp. collected from the Saudi territorial Red Sea waters, led to isolation of five terpenoidal metabolites (1-5). Three known sesquiterpenoid derivative; guaiacophine (1), guaia-5, 11(12)-dien (2) and calamenene (3), along with two known cembranoidal diterpenes, 2S*,11S*,12R*-isosarcophytoxide (4) and ent-sarcophine (5) were obtained. The structures of the compounds were established based on their NMR, MS, IR and UV spectral data.","PeriodicalId":16197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88335842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of some elements in different types of sweets marketed in Riyadh City. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICPOES) has been used for elemental measurements. The order of elements concentration in all samples showed the following trend: Se > Al > Fe > As> Zn > Cu > Mn = Ni = Pb > Cr = Cd. A positive correlation was noted between Ni and Zn; As and Se; and Mn and Ni. The concentrations of the studied elements were found to be below the safe limits recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization.
本研究旨在测量利雅得市销售的不同类型糖果中某些元素的浓度。电感耦合等离子体光学发射光谱仪(ICPOES)已被用于元素测量。各样品中元素的浓度顺序为Se > Al > Fe > As> Zn > Cu > Mn = Ni = Pb > Cr = Cd，其中Ni与Zn呈正相关;As和Se;Mn和Ni。所研究元素的浓度被发现低于联合国粮食及农业组织和世界卫生组织建议的安全限度。
{"title":"Elemental monitoring of some selected sweets in Riyadh City","authors":"M. AL-RAJHİ","doi":"10.4197/sci.26-1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/sci.26-1.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of some elements in different types of sweets marketed in Riyadh City. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICPOES) has been used for elemental measurements. The order of elements concentration in all samples showed the following trend: Se > Al > Fe > As> Zn > Cu > Mn = Ni = Pb > Cr = Cd. A positive correlation was noted between Ni and Zn; As and Se; and Mn and Ni. The concentrations of the studied elements were found to be below the safe limits recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization.","PeriodicalId":16197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72827852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Three cytotoxic cembranoids , sarcophytolol (1), sarcophytolide B (2) and sarcophytolide C (3) were identified from the Et2O-soluble fraction derived from the crude extract of the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum, along with three known aromadendrane-type sesquiterpenoids, aromadendrene (4), palustrol (5) and viridiflorol (6) were isolated from Xenia umbellata collected from the Red Sea water, Jeddah. Chemical structures were determined by analyzing their NMR and MS data. Compounds 1-6 were evaluated for potential cytotoxic activities, employing five cancer panels; HepG2, MCF-7, A549, PC-3 and VERO. Interestingly, compounds 1 and 3 exhibited selective cytotoxic effects on HepG2 and showed no toxicity to the other cell lines. However, 2 showed selective cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 with no toxicity on other cell lines. Meanwhile compounds 4-6 showed cytotoxic activity against both MCF-7 and HepG2 with no toxicity on normal VERO cells.
{"title":"Cytotoxic Isoprenoids from the Red Sea Soft Corals Sarcophyton glaucum and Xenia umbellate","authors":"E. A. Selim, K. Al-Footy, S. Ayyad","doi":"10.4197/SCI.26-2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/SCI.26-2.2","url":null,"abstract":". Three cytotoxic cembranoids , sarcophytolol (1), sarcophytolide B (2) and sarcophytolide C (3) were identified from the Et2O-soluble fraction derived from the crude extract of the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum, along with three known aromadendrane-type sesquiterpenoids, aromadendrene (4), palustrol (5) and viridiflorol (6) were isolated from Xenia umbellata collected from the Red Sea water, Jeddah. Chemical structures were determined by analyzing their NMR and MS data. Compounds 1-6 were evaluated for potential cytotoxic activities, employing five cancer panels; HepG2, MCF-7, A549, PC-3 and VERO. Interestingly, compounds 1 and 3 exhibited selective cytotoxic effects on HepG2 and showed no toxicity to the other cell lines. However, 2 showed selective cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 with no toxicity on other cell lines. Meanwhile compounds 4-6 showed cytotoxic activity against both MCF-7 and HepG2 with no toxicity on normal VERO cells.","PeriodicalId":16197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83315210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Symmetric and Permutational Generating Sets of S_(13k+r ) and A_(13k+r ) of Degree ?13k+r?_ Using ?PSL(3,3)?_","authors":"Redha Ashour, Basmah Al-Syadi, Ibrahim R. Al-Amri","doi":"10.4197/SCI.25-1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/SCI.25-1.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87675877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Letting be a sequence of positive rational numbers, we give a sufficient condition under which the series ∑ ∞ converges to a transcendental number. Some applications and illustrative corollaries are included.
． 设一个正有理数序列，给出了级数∑∞收敛于一个超越数的充分条件。包括一些应用和说明性推论。
{"title":"Transcendence of Certain Infinite Sums of Rational Numbers","authors":"A. Deajim","doi":"10.4197/SCI.25-1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/SCI.25-1.7","url":null,"abstract":". Letting be a sequence of positive rational numbers, we give a sufficient condition under which the series ∑ ∞ converges to a transcendental number. Some applications and illustrative corollaries are included.","PeriodicalId":16197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83500047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Different blood diseases that affect hemoglobin will show a change in its spectrum. This paper describes the possibility of using hemoglobin spectrum as a possible indicator for some known human blood diseases as a response to a change in blood environment. Since these spectra might be used as a quick diagnostic tools to detect any changes in the blood environment, the spectra of blood samples were studied for best storage times and temperatures, and it is found that the spectra are not affected by storage time or temperature. The only parameter in hemoglobin spectrum, Soret band, from human blood diseases subjects showed distinguished characteristic values for each blood disease when compared to the same parameter obtained from the spectra of healthy individuals of the same age groups for both gender.
{"title":"Using Hemoglobin Spectra as an Indicator for Some Blood Diseases","authors":"N. Ama, T. Kumosani","doi":"10.4197/sci.25-1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/sci.25-1.5","url":null,"abstract":": Different blood diseases that affect hemoglobin will show a change in its spectrum. This paper describes the possibility of using hemoglobin spectrum as a possible indicator for some known human blood diseases as a response to a change in blood environment. Since these spectra might be used as a quick diagnostic tools to detect any changes in the blood environment, the spectra of blood samples were studied for best storage times and temperatures, and it is found that the spectra are not affected by storage time or temperature. The only parameter in hemoglobin spectrum, Soret band, from human blood diseases subjects showed distinguished characteristic values for each blood disease when compared to the same parameter obtained from the spectra of healthy individuals of the same age groups for both gender.","PeriodicalId":16197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-science","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83476970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Ga 15 Se 81 Zn 4 chalcogenide thin films having thickness 300 nm, prepared by vacuum evaporation technique were crystallized by Nitrogen Laser for 10, 20 and 30 min. As-synthesized and laser-crystallized films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), UV/VIS/NIR spectroscopy and dc conductivity measurements. The observed optical band gap becomes smaller by inducing laser-crystallization period 0 to 30 min, which is due to the crystallization of amorphous films. The lowering of band gap by laser-crystallization is an interesting behavior for a material to be used in various electronic devices. The dc conductivities of as-synthesized and laser-crystallized films were analyzed at different temperatures from room temperature to 400 K. We have noticed that the dc conductivity becomes larger at different temperatures under investigation at different laser-crystallization time. Similar to behavior of optical band gap, the dc conductivity activation energy is also observed to become slower with increasing laser-crystallization time and there is a good compliance between these two values.
{"title":"Laser-induced crystallization in Ga15Se81Zn4 chalcogenide thin films","authors":"F. Al-Hazmi","doi":"10.4197/SCI.25-2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/SCI.25-2.2","url":null,"abstract":". Ga 15 Se 81 Zn 4 chalcogenide thin films having thickness 300 nm, prepared by vacuum evaporation technique were crystallized by Nitrogen Laser for 10, 20 and 30 min. As-synthesized and laser-crystallized films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), UV/VIS/NIR spectroscopy and dc conductivity measurements. The observed optical band gap becomes smaller by inducing laser-crystallization period 0 to 30 min, which is due to the crystallization of amorphous films. The lowering of band gap by laser-crystallization is an interesting behavior for a material to be used in various electronic devices. The dc conductivities of as-synthesized and laser-crystallized films were analyzed at different temperatures from room temperature to 400 K. We have noticed that the dc conductivity becomes larger at different temperatures under investigation at different laser-crystallization time. Similar to behavior of optical band gap, the dc conductivity activation energy is also observed to become slower with increasing laser-crystallization time and there is a good compliance between these two values.","PeriodicalId":16197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-science","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72741987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Adriamycin drug is used in the treatment of cancer tumors, especially the breast cancer, and because of its side effects on the sexual reproductive cells, this study came to illustrate the possibility of preventing these side effects by some natural pharmacological products such as natural honey and royal jelly mixed with Ginseng roots. This study showed the contribution of these natural compounds in maintaining the vitality of the ovary, the histological structure of the mature vesicles (Graafian follicles), the Oocyte, and so help in maintaining the production of high level ovarian hormones, and the ovarian cycle without disturbance, hence, preventing the early menopause in females (sexual sterility). This study showed also an increase in the ovulation stage compared to the group injected with the drugs without a protective dose.
{"title":"Preventing the Side Effects of Adriamycin Drug on Histological Structure of the Ovaries in Syrian Hamster Using Honey and Royal Jelly Mixed with the Roots of the Ginseng Herb","authors":"Anas Taweelh, Mahmoud Kassem","doi":"10.4197/SCI.25-2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/SCI.25-2.6","url":null,"abstract":". Adriamycin drug is used in the treatment of cancer tumors, especially the breast cancer, and because of its side effects on the sexual reproductive cells, this study came to illustrate the possibility of preventing these side effects by some natural pharmacological products such as natural honey and royal jelly mixed with Ginseng roots. This study showed the contribution of these natural compounds in maintaining the vitality of the ovary, the histological structure of the mature vesicles (Graafian follicles), the Oocyte, and so help in maintaining the production of high level ovarian hormones, and the ovarian cycle without disturbance, hence, preventing the early menopause in females (sexual sterility). This study showed also an increase in the ovulation stage compared to the group injected with the drugs without a protective dose.","PeriodicalId":16197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73403598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Wheat straw, a raw material abundantly available in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was obtained from western province of the Kingdom and was thoroughly ground to powder form. Trichoderma viride was selected as experimental organism to produce protein-rich biomass. Hydrolyzed ground wheat straw gave the highest protein-rich biomass. The potent nitrogen source was found NH 4 NO 3 at concentration of 5mg/ml compared to other sources. The microbial biomasses obtained was found to be rich in several biochemical constituents which allowed to be used as animal fodder with cheap cost.
{"title":"Utilization of Saudi Wheat Straw in the Production of Protein-rich Biomass","authors":"W. S. Backer","doi":"10.4197/sci.25-1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/sci.25-1.4","url":null,"abstract":". Wheat straw, a raw material abundantly available in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was obtained from western province of the Kingdom and was thoroughly ground to powder form. Trichoderma viride was selected as experimental organism to produce protein-rich biomass. Hydrolyzed ground wheat straw gave the highest protein-rich biomass. The potent nitrogen source was found NH 4 NO 3 at concentration of 5mg/ml compared to other sources. The microbial biomasses obtained was found to be rich in several biochemical constituents which allowed to be used as animal fodder with cheap cost.","PeriodicalId":16197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73303468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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