Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205426
Yuanjie Xia, H. Heidari, R. Ghannam
This paper aim to design a smart wristband for gesture recognition. Tendon movements around the wrist were measured by FSR sensors as input variables to classify different gestures. Polydimethylsiloxane material (PDMS) was applied to encapsulate FSR sensors, so that the wristband is flexible and suitable for people with different wrist sizes. Subsequently, the sensor data was transmitted to the computer via Bluetooth low energy (BLE) technology. MATLAB was used to train a classifier with ensemble subspace discrimination algorithm. After that, the received signal was processed by this trained classifier and made prediction. The accuracy is about 99.4%. Additionally, the paper explored how predict accuracy would be impacted when twisting the wrist. The result showed that a gesture in different angles was classified as different gestures. Overall, the wristband is rechargeable, portable and can accurately recognize over 6 gestures.
{"title":"Smart Wristband for Gesture Recognition","authors":"Yuanjie Xia, H. Heidari, R. Ghannam","doi":"10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205426","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aim to design a smart wristband for gesture recognition. Tendon movements around the wrist were measured by FSR sensors as input variables to classify different gestures. Polydimethylsiloxane material (PDMS) was applied to encapsulate FSR sensors, so that the wristband is flexible and suitable for people with different wrist sizes. Subsequently, the sensor data was transmitted to the computer via Bluetooth low energy (BLE) technology. MATLAB was used to train a classifier with ensemble subspace discrimination algorithm. After that, the received signal was processed by this trained classifier and made prediction. The accuracy is about 99.4%. Additionally, the paper explored how predict accuracy would be impacted when twisting the wrist. The result showed that a gesture in different angles was classified as different gestures. Overall, the wristband is rechargeable, portable and can accurately recognize over 6 gestures.","PeriodicalId":163493,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","volume":"43 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113974663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205367
I. G. Mbomson, R. Rue, S. McMeekin, N. Johnson
In comparison with electromagnetic radiation at shorter wavelengths, infrared radiation is non-destructive for many organic molecules. Previous research has established the resonant behaviour of various nanostructures designed to operate in the mid-infrared region and observe the resonant behaviour of organic molecules, with applications in areas such as security screening, the environment and medicine. This paper considers some of the important features of a particular asymmetric nanostructure that is useful for such purposes. In addition, the paper will show how plasmon resonance hybridization can describe the resonance energy levels in asymmetric split ring resonators (A-SRRs).
{"title":"Hybrid Asymmetric Nanostructures for the Mid-Infrared","authors":"I. G. Mbomson, R. Rue, S. McMeekin, N. Johnson","doi":"10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205367","url":null,"abstract":"In comparison with electromagnetic radiation at shorter wavelengths, infrared radiation is non-destructive for many organic molecules. Previous research has established the resonant behaviour of various nanostructures designed to operate in the mid-infrared region and observe the resonant behaviour of organic molecules, with applications in areas such as security screening, the environment and medicine. This paper considers some of the important features of a particular asymmetric nanostructure that is useful for such purposes. In addition, the paper will show how plasmon resonance hybridization can describe the resonance energy levels in asymmetric split ring resonators (A-SRRs).","PeriodicalId":163493,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122638167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205361
Shahid Latif, Zeba Idrees, Z. Zou, Jawad Ahmad
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has arisen as an emerging trend in the industrial sector. Millions of sensors present in IIoT networks generate a massive amount of data that can open the doors for several cyber-attacks. An intrusion detection system (IDS) monitors real-time internet traffic and identify the behavior and type of network attacks. In this paper, we presented a deep random neural (DRaNN) based scheme for intrusion detection in IIoT. The proposed scheme is evaluated by using a new generation IIoT security dataset UNSW-NB15. Experimental results prove that the proposed model successfully classified nine different types of attacks with a low false-positive rate and great accuracy of 99.54%. To validate the feasibility of the proposed scheme, experimental results are also compared with state-of-the-art deep learning-based intrusion detection schemes. The proposed model achieved a higher attack detection rate of 99.41%.
{"title":"DRaNN: A Deep Random Neural Network Model for Intrusion Detection in Industrial IoT","authors":"Shahid Latif, Zeba Idrees, Z. Zou, Jawad Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205361","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has arisen as an emerging trend in the industrial sector. Millions of sensors present in IIoT networks generate a massive amount of data that can open the doors for several cyber-attacks. An intrusion detection system (IDS) monitors real-time internet traffic and identify the behavior and type of network attacks. In this paper, we presented a deep random neural (DRaNN) based scheme for intrusion detection in IIoT. The proposed scheme is evaluated by using a new generation IIoT security dataset UNSW-NB15. Experimental results prove that the proposed model successfully classified nine different types of attacks with a low false-positive rate and great accuracy of 99.54%. To validate the feasibility of the proposed scheme, experimental results are also compared with state-of-the-art deep learning-based intrusion detection schemes. The proposed model achieved a higher attack detection rate of 99.41%.","PeriodicalId":163493,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127826391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205445
Sia M. L. Andersson, L. Hou, J. Marsh, C. D. Farmer
Many laser applications in quantum technology require circularly polarized light at wavelengths accessible only through the GaAs-AlGaAs material system. Two proven designs of polarization mode convertor (PMC) were compared through simulation for a modified commercial 830 nm GaAs-AlGaAs structure. Structure type 1 used a deep-etched ridge waveguide, with a shallow-etched slot placed asymmetrically within the ridge. Structure type 2 also used a deep-etched ridge, but with sides of the ridge etched to different depths. Both structures support zero-order TE and TM modes, with the effective index difference between the modes determining the length of the PMC device. Although a range of dimensions and compositions was investigated, it was found the geometry of the waveguides did not significantly affect the effective index difference. The refractive index of the waveguide core was swept from 3.39 to 3.43, corresponding to Al contents from 0.45 to 0.3 respectively. In both structures, a higher index leads to the mode being concentrated in the core, which may lead to lower losses. As the structures give similar results, the main decider as to which one should be chosen should be the relative simplicity of fabrication.
{"title":"Comparison of Cross-section Profile Designs for Integrated Polarization Mode Controllers","authors":"Sia M. L. Andersson, L. Hou, J. Marsh, C. D. Farmer","doi":"10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205445","url":null,"abstract":"Many laser applications in quantum technology require circularly polarized light at wavelengths accessible only through the GaAs-AlGaAs material system. Two proven designs of polarization mode convertor (PMC) were compared through simulation for a modified commercial 830 nm GaAs-AlGaAs structure. Structure type 1 used a deep-etched ridge waveguide, with a shallow-etched slot placed asymmetrically within the ridge. Structure type 2 also used a deep-etched ridge, but with sides of the ridge etched to different depths. Both structures support zero-order TE and TM modes, with the effective index difference between the modes determining the length of the PMC device. Although a range of dimensions and compositions was investigated, it was found the geometry of the waveguides did not significantly affect the effective index difference. The refractive index of the waveguide core was swept from 3.39 to 3.43, corresponding to Al contents from 0.45 to 0.3 respectively. In both structures, a higher index leads to the mode being concentrated in the core, which may lead to lower losses. As the structures give similar results, the main decider as to which one should be chosen should be the relative simplicity of fabrication.","PeriodicalId":163493,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117301563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205382
J. Kazim, M. Rehman, Mu’ath Al-Hasan, I. Mabrouk, M. Imran, Q. Abbasi
This paper proposes a novel 1-bit, electronically reconfigurable, subwavelength metasurface unit cell for sub-6 GHz applications. 180° phase shift is achieved by integrating a single PIN diode in the structure. The unit cell incorporates three layers: The top layer is used for wave reflection, the bottom layer is used for PIN diode placement and DC biasing, and the middle layer acts as a ground plane. The resonance of the unit cell is kept around 3.3 GHz. The magnitude of the reflection coefficient is above 90%. Besides, a phase difference of 180°+20° is achieved over 200 MHz bandwidth. With these characteristics, the proposed unit cell can find its applications in programmable metasurface functions such as beam steering, beam focusing and beam scattering.
{"title":"Design of 1-Bit Digital Subwavelength Metasurface Element for Sub-6 GHz Applications","authors":"J. Kazim, M. Rehman, Mu’ath Al-Hasan, I. Mabrouk, M. Imran, Q. Abbasi","doi":"10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205382","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel 1-bit, electronically reconfigurable, subwavelength metasurface unit cell for sub-6 GHz applications. 180° phase shift is achieved by integrating a single PIN diode in the structure. The unit cell incorporates three layers: The top layer is used for wave reflection, the bottom layer is used for PIN diode placement and DC biasing, and the middle layer acts as a ground plane. The resonance of the unit cell is kept around 3.3 GHz. The magnitude of the reflection coefficient is above 90%. Besides, a phase difference of 180°+20° is achieved over 200 MHz bandwidth. With these characteristics, the proposed unit cell can find its applications in programmable metasurface functions such as beam steering, beam focusing and beam scattering.","PeriodicalId":163493,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121072774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205483
S. M. A. Shah, Fahad Ahmed, N. Shoaib
A miniaturized frequency selective surface having band-stop characteristics is presented. The proposed FSS is modeled on Rogers RO4350 substrate having unit cell dimensions of 6.75 mm x 6.75 mm. It attains at least 49.43 dB attenuation within the frequency band of 17.88 GHz to 26.72 GHz (i.e., fractional bandwidth 39.64%) to provide effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The single layer structure also gives identical results for both incident transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic fields. The size compactness, wide-band operation and simple structure make this FSS a potential candidate for EMI shielding applications in K-band.
提出了一种具有带阻特性的小型化频率选择表面。所提出的FSS在罗杰斯RO4350基板上建模，其单元尺寸为6.75 mm x 6.75 mm。在17.88 GHz至26.72 GHz频段(即分数带宽39.64%)内，衰减至少达到49.43 dB，提供有效的电磁干扰屏蔽。单层结构对于入射的横向电场和横向磁场也给出了相同的结果。尺寸紧凑，宽频带工作和简单的结构使该FSS成为k波段EMI屏蔽应用的潜在候选者。
{"title":"A Miniaturized FSS Based Band-Stop Filter for EMI Shielding Applications","authors":"S. M. A. Shah, Fahad Ahmed, N. Shoaib","doi":"10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205483","url":null,"abstract":"A miniaturized frequency selective surface having band-stop characteristics is presented. The proposed FSS is modeled on Rogers RO4350 substrate having unit cell dimensions of 6.75 mm x 6.75 mm. It attains at least 49.43 dB attenuation within the frequency band of 17.88 GHz to 26.72 GHz (i.e., fractional bandwidth 39.64%) to provide effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The single layer structure also gives identical results for both incident transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic fields. The size compactness, wide-band operation and simple structure make this FSS a potential candidate for EMI shielding applications in K-band.","PeriodicalId":163493,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125185708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205486
T. Benseman, K. Kihlstrom, A. Koshelev, U. Welp, W. Kwok, K. Kadowaki
The high-temperature superconductor Bi2 Sr2 CaCu2 O8 contains stacked ‘intrinsic’ Josephson junctions, with unrivaled packing density and a high superconducting gap energy. Cuboid ‘mesa’ devices constructed from this material are consequently a promising technology for coherent, continuouswave radiation in the ‘terahertz gap’ range, spanning from approximately 0.3-1.5 THz. A key issue for practical applications of such devices is their cryocooling requirements, and it is therefore highly desirable to optimize their performance at temperatures that can be achieved by nitrogen cryogenics. Here we report generation of 0.13 milliwatts of coherent emission power at 0.461 THz, at a bath temperature of 77.4 Kelvin. This was achieved by exciting the (3, 0) cavity mode of a stack containing 579 junctions, and with Tc of 86.5 Kelvin. In order to minimize selfheating, the THz source was mounted on a copper substrate using PbSn solder. We will discuss the choice of mesa dimensions and cavity mode, and implications for the design of devices which are intended to operate close to the material’s superconducting critical temperature.
{"title":"Stacked Intrinsic Josephson Junction Bi2 Sr2 CaCu2 O8 Terahertz Sources: Design Issues for Achieving High Power Output Close to Tc","authors":"T. Benseman, K. Kihlstrom, A. Koshelev, U. Welp, W. Kwok, K. Kadowaki","doi":"10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205486","url":null,"abstract":"The high-temperature superconductor Bi2 Sr2 CaCu2 O8 contains stacked ‘intrinsic’ Josephson junctions, with unrivaled packing density and a high superconducting gap energy. Cuboid ‘mesa’ devices constructed from this material are consequently a promising technology for coherent, continuouswave radiation in the ‘terahertz gap’ range, spanning from approximately 0.3-1.5 THz. A key issue for practical applications of such devices is their cryocooling requirements, and it is therefore highly desirable to optimize their performance at temperatures that can be achieved by nitrogen cryogenics. Here we report generation of 0.13 milliwatts of coherent emission power at 0.461 THz, at a bath temperature of 77.4 Kelvin. This was achieved by exciting the (3, 0) cavity mode of a stack containing 579 junctions, and with Tc of 86.5 Kelvin. In order to minimize selfheating, the THz source was mounted on a copper substrate using PbSn solder. We will discuss the choice of mesa dimensions and cavity mode, and implications for the design of devices which are intended to operate close to the material’s superconducting critical temperature.","PeriodicalId":163493,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129619416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205414
Syed Yaseen Shah, H. Larijani, Ryan M. Gibson, D. Liarokapis
The past few decades have witnessed a sharp increase in life expectancy. As a result, the proportion of elderly people is increasing worldwide. Consequently, Dementia and Parkinson’s disease are expected to rise, thereby increasing the risk of critical events such as falls for elderly people. This has prompted many researchers to develop a wide range of solutions for fall detection and prevention. However, these solutions are either inaccurate or impractical due to hardware complexity. In this paper, we have proposed a novel Random Neural Network (RNN) based fall detection scheme. Results obtained from the proposed RNN-based scheme are compared with traditional machine learning methods such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) and traditional Artificial Neural Network (ANN) etc. From the results, it is evident that the proposed scheme has a higher accuracy of 98%. Additionally, several other parameters such as precision, recall, specificity, and F-measure show that the proposed algorithm has better generalisation capabilities when compared with other traditional machine learning schemes. Furthermore, the proposed RNN is also compared with a recent scheme and the obtained results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme.
{"title":"A Novel Random Neural Network-based Fall Activity Recognition","authors":"Syed Yaseen Shah, H. Larijani, Ryan M. Gibson, D. Liarokapis","doi":"10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205414","url":null,"abstract":"The past few decades have witnessed a sharp increase in life expectancy. As a result, the proportion of elderly people is increasing worldwide. Consequently, Dementia and Parkinson’s disease are expected to rise, thereby increasing the risk of critical events such as falls for elderly people. This has prompted many researchers to develop a wide range of solutions for fall detection and prevention. However, these solutions are either inaccurate or impractical due to hardware complexity. In this paper, we have proposed a novel Random Neural Network (RNN) based fall detection scheme. Results obtained from the proposed RNN-based scheme are compared with traditional machine learning methods such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) and traditional Artificial Neural Network (ANN) etc. From the results, it is evident that the proposed scheme has a higher accuracy of 98%. Additionally, several other parameters such as precision, recall, specificity, and F-measure show that the proposed algorithm has better generalisation capabilities when compared with other traditional machine learning schemes. Furthermore, the proposed RNN is also compared with a recent scheme and the obtained results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":163493,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130557555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205411
Moh Chuan Tan, Minghui Li, Q. Abbasi, M. Imran
Sensor fusion is a well-known technique to harvest the raw data from various type of sensors and generate a more accurate prediction on certain operation parameters that helps to improve the accuracy and efficiency of a big system. Many industries have been benefited from the sensor fusion such as robotic, agriculture, healthcare, autonomous vehicle, navigation and so on. In the smart antenna industry, the conventional beamforming is implemented in the costly field programmable grid array (FPGA) platform with the complex direction of arrival (DOA) algorithm. In this work, we are presenting a feasibility study on a lower cost alternative called sensor aided beamforming that make use of the raw data from the existing sensors in the vehicle, combined with some simple mathematically calculation to determine the beam angle of the mobile client and roadside infrastructure. We have presented a practical approach to study the sensor aided beamforming system in the real environment by simulating the beamforming parameters for a moving vehicle moves along the road that was pre-installed with roadside access points (AP). The result has proofed that the sensor aided method can be used to realize the beamforming in the smart antenna system, with the IoT sensors cost approximately less than U$20 compared with the FPGA price range of around U$200, the sensor aided beamforming will be a cheaper and affordable alternative to the conventional beamforming system that usually realized with the complex direction of arrival algorithm and higher cost.
{"title":"Sensor Aided Beamforming in Vehicular Environment","authors":"Moh Chuan Tan, Minghui Li, Q. Abbasi, M. Imran","doi":"10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205411","url":null,"abstract":"Sensor fusion is a well-known technique to harvest the raw data from various type of sensors and generate a more accurate prediction on certain operation parameters that helps to improve the accuracy and efficiency of a big system. Many industries have been benefited from the sensor fusion such as robotic, agriculture, healthcare, autonomous vehicle, navigation and so on. In the smart antenna industry, the conventional beamforming is implemented in the costly field programmable grid array (FPGA) platform with the complex direction of arrival (DOA) algorithm. In this work, we are presenting a feasibility study on a lower cost alternative called sensor aided beamforming that make use of the raw data from the existing sensors in the vehicle, combined with some simple mathematically calculation to determine the beam angle of the mobile client and roadside infrastructure. We have presented a practical approach to study the sensor aided beamforming system in the real environment by simulating the beamforming parameters for a moving vehicle moves along the road that was pre-installed with roadside access points (AP). The result has proofed that the sensor aided method can be used to realize the beamforming in the smart antenna system, with the IoT sensors cost approximately less than U$20 compared with the FPGA price range of around U$200, the sensor aided beamforming will be a cheaper and affordable alternative to the conventional beamforming system that usually realized with the complex direction of arrival algorithm and higher cost.","PeriodicalId":163493,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129831458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205366
Yixin Li, Bin Cao, Liang Liang, Lei Zhang, M. Peng, M. Imran
Blockchain, a distributed ledger technology, has attracted many attentions to enable a decentralized and safe wireless networks for various applications. Considering the high density of nodes and the massive service requests in next-generation wireless network will result in a surge of blockchain forking, this paper proposes a Block Access Control (BAC) approach to address forking problem and transmit block effectively while improving transaction throughput and saving computational power. Then, using a Markov chain model, we analyse the performance of a wireless blockchain network by involving the effect of BAC approach. The results show that the BAC approach can help the network to achieve a high transaction throughput while addressing forking problem.
{"title":"A Block Access Control in Wireless Blockchain Networks","authors":"Yixin Li, Bin Cao, Liang Liang, Lei Zhang, M. Peng, M. Imran","doi":"10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205366","url":null,"abstract":"Blockchain, a distributed ledger technology, has attracted many attentions to enable a decentralized and safe wireless networks for various applications. Considering the high density of nodes and the massive service requests in next-generation wireless network will result in a surge of blockchain forking, this paper proposes a Block Access Control (BAC) approach to address forking problem and transmit block effectively while improving transaction throughput and saving computational power. Then, using a Markov chain model, we analyse the performance of a wireless blockchain network by involving the effect of BAC approach. The results show that the BAC approach can help the network to achieve a high transaction throughput while addressing forking problem.","PeriodicalId":163493,"journal":{"name":"2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","volume":"281 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125861896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：