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Cascade-catalysed nanocarrier degradation for regulating metabolism homeostasis and enhancing drug penetration on breast cancer. 级联催化纳米载体降解用于调节代谢平衡和增强对乳腺癌的药物渗透。
IF 10.6 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02948-w
Fang Zhang, Kai Cheng, Xiao-Shuai Zhang, Sui Zhou, Jia-Hua Zou, Ming-Yu Tian, Xiao-Lin Hou, Yong-Guo Hu, Jing Yuan, Jin-Xuan Fan, Yuan-Di Zhao, Tian-Cai Liu

The abnormal structure of tumor vascular seriously hinders the delivery and deep penetration of drug in tumor therapy. Herein, an integrated and tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive nanocarrier is designed, which can dilate vessle and improve the drug penetration by in situ releasing nitric oxide (NO). Briefly, S-nitroso-glutathione (GSNO) and curcumin (Cur) were encapsulatd into the Cu-doped zeolite imidazole framework-8 (Cu-ZIF-8) and modified with hyaluronic acid. The nanocarrier degradation in the weakly acidic of TME releases Cu2+, then deplete overexpressed intratumourally glutathione and transformed into Cu+, thus disrupting the balance between nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate and flavin adenine dinucleotide (NADPH/FAD) during the metabolism homeostasis of tumor. The Cu+ can generate highly toxic hydroxyl radical through the Fenton-like reaction, enhancing the chemodynamic therapeutic effect. In addition, Cu+ also decomposes GSNO to release NO by ionic reduction, leading to vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, significantly promoting the deep penetration of Cur in tumor. Afterwards, the orderly operation of cell cycle is disrupted and arrested in the S-phase to induce tumor cell apoptosis. Deep-hypothermia potentiated 2D/3D fluorescence imaging demonstrated nanocarrier regulated endogenous metabolism homeostasis of tumor. The cascade-catalysed multifunctional nanocarrier provides an approach to treat orthotopic tumor.

肿瘤血管的异常结构严重阻碍了药物在肿瘤治疗中的输送和深层渗透。本文设计了一种整合的肿瘤微环境(TME)响应型纳米载体,它能通过原位释放一氧化氮(NO)来扩张血管并提高药物渗透性。简言之,将 S-亚硝基谷胱甘肽(GSNO)和姜黄素(Cur)封装在掺铜沸石咪唑框架-8(Cu-ZIF-8)中,并用透明质酸修饰。纳米载体在TME的弱酸性环境中降解释放出Cu2+,然后消耗瘤内过度表达的谷胱甘肽并转化为Cu+,从而破坏肿瘤代谢平衡过程中烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸酯和黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADPH/FAD)之间的平衡。Cu+ 可通过 Fenton-like 反应生成剧毒的羟自由基,增强化学动力学治疗效果。此外,Cu+还能通过离子还原作用分解GSNO释放NO,导致血管扩张和血管通透性增加,显著促进Cur在肿瘤中的深层渗透。随后,细胞周期的有序运行被打乱,停滞在 S 期,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。深低温增效二维/三维荧光成像显示,纳米载体调节了肿瘤的内源性代谢平衡。级联催化的多功能纳米载体为治疗原位肿瘤提供了一种方法。
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引用次数: 0
A temperature-ultrasound sensitive nanoparticle delivery system for exploring central neuroinflammation mechanism in stroke-heart syndrome. 用于探索中风-心脏综合征中枢神经炎症机制的温度-超声波敏感纳米粒子输送系统
IF 10.6 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02961-z
Mingzhou Jiang, Zhidong Zhu, Ziyu Zhou, Zhiqiang Yan, Kai Huang, Rongrong Jiang, Xi Fan, Milayi Jieensi, Liewen Pang, Yiqing Wang, Xiaotian Sun

Background: Cardiovascular events secondary to stroke-collectively classified as stroke-heart syndrome-greatly impair the patient's prognosis, however its underlying mechanism has yet to be determined. To investigate the mechanism of central neuroinflammation and its effects on stroke-heart syndrome, a temperature-ultrasound responsive brain-targeted drug delivery system, DATS/MION-LPE, was synthesized to specifically study neuroinflammation in the mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model.

Results: The specific polymer of DATS/MION-LPE can close the nanoparticle pores at 37 °C, restricting drug release in the circulation. After the nanoparticles were targeted to brains, the polymer can be cleaved under external ultrasound irradiation, reopening the nanoparticle pores and allowing drug release, therefore directly managing the neuroinflammation. After a stroke, a significant cerebral inflammation occurred, with elevated IL-1β and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Accordingly, significantly increased histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) and decreased sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) were observed. An antagonistic relationship between HDAC6 and SIRT1 was found, which can jointly regulate the cerebral NLRP3 expression. The systemic IL-1β and ATP levels were increased after the stroke, accompanied by a significant heart injury including contractile dysfunction, elevated IL-1β levels, and oxidative stress. Meanwhile, neuroinflammation can trigger sympathetic nervous overexcitation with associated heart damage. DATS/MION-LPE can targetedly effect on ischemic brain, exhibiting cerebral and cardiac protective effects including downregulated cerebral NLRP3 and HDAC6 expressions, upregulated SIRT1 expressions in brain, reduced IL-1β and ATP in circulation, and alleviated cardiac impairment.

Conclusion: This study introduced the key role of neuroinflammation in stroke-heart syndrome and first investigated the crucial HDAC6/SIRT1-NLRP3 circuit in this process. Heart injury secondary to stroke is mediated by neuroinflammation induced systemic inflammatory responses and sympathoexcitation. DATS/MION-LPE is a unique tool and effective therapeutic agent, which provides new insights into combinational heart and cardiac protection.

背景:继发于中风的心血管事件--统称为中风-心脏综合征--严重影响了患者的预后,但其潜在机制尚未确定。为了研究中枢神经炎症的机制及其对中风-心脏综合征的影响,我们合成了一种温度-超声响应脑靶向给药系统 DATS/MION-LPE,专门研究小鼠大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)模型中的神经炎症:结果:DATS/MION-LPE的特异性聚合物能在37 °C时封闭纳米颗粒孔隙,限制药物在循环中的释放。纳米颗粒靶向作用于大脑后,聚合物可在外部超声波照射下裂解,重新打开纳米颗粒孔隙,使药物释放,从而直接控制神经炎症。中风后,脑部炎症明显,IL-1β和含吡啶结构域的3(NLRP3)炎性体升高。相应地,组蛋白去乙酰化酶6(HDAC6)明显增加,而sirtuin 1(SIRT1)则明显减少。研究发现,HDAC6和SIRT1之间存在拮抗关系,可共同调控大脑NLRP3的表达。脑卒中后全身 IL-1β 和 ATP 水平升高,并伴有明显的心脏损伤,包括收缩功能障碍、IL-1β 水平升高和氧化应激。与此同时,神经炎症可引发交感神经过度兴奋,从而导致心脏损伤。DATS/MION-LPE可靶向作用于缺血脑,表现出脑和心脏保护作用,包括下调脑NLRP3和HDAC6表达,上调脑SIRT1表达,降低循环中的IL-1β和ATP,减轻心脏损伤:本研究介绍了神经炎症在中风-心脏综合征中的关键作用,并首次研究了这一过程中至关重要的HDAC6/SIRT1-NLRP3回路。中风继发的心脏损伤是由神经炎症诱导的全身炎症反应和交感神经兴奋介导的。DATS/MION-LPE是一种独特的工具和有效的治疗剂,它为联合心脏和心脏保护提供了新的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Organoids and organoid extracellular vesicles-based disease treatment strategies. 基于细胞器和细胞器胞外囊泡的疾病治疗策略。
IF 10.6 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02917-3
Guangyin Zhou, Ruiyang Li, Shihao Sheng, Jingtao Huang, Fengjin Zhou, Yan Wei, Han Liu, Jiacan Su

Organoids are "mini-organs" that self-organize and differentiate from stem cells under in vitro 3D culture conditions, mimicking the spatial structure and function of tissues in vivo. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale phospholipid bilayer vesicles secreted by living cells, rich in bioactive molecules, with excellent biocompatibility and low immunogenicity. Compared to EVs, organoid-derived EVs (OEVs) exhibit higher yield and enhanced biological functions. Organoids possess stem cell characteristics, and OEVs are capable of delivering active substances, making both highly promising for medical applications. In this review, we provide an overview of the fundamental biological principles of organoids and OEVs, and discuss their current applications in disease treatment. We then focus on the differences between OEVs and traditional EVs. Subsequently, we present methods for the engineering modification of OEVs. Finally, we critically summarize the advantages and challenges of organoids and OEVs. In conclusion, we believe that a deeper understanding of organoids and OEVs will provide innovative solutions to complex diseases.

有机体是一种 "微型器官",可在体外三维培养条件下由干细胞自我组织和分化,模拟体内组织的空间结构和功能。细胞外囊泡(EVs)是活细胞分泌的纳米级磷脂双分子层囊泡,富含生物活性分子,具有良好的生物相容性和低免疫原性。与EVs相比,有机体衍生的EVs(OEVs)产量更高,生物功能更强。类器官具有干细胞特性,而 OEVs 则能够递送活性物质,因此二者在医学应用方面都大有可为。在这篇综述中,我们将概述有机体和 OEV 的基本生物学原理,并讨论它们目前在疾病治疗中的应用。然后,我们重点讨论 OEV 与传统 EV 之间的区别。随后,我们介绍了对 OEV 进行工程改造的方法。最后,我们批判性地总结了有机体和 OEV 的优势和挑战。总之,我们相信对有机体和 OEV 的深入了解将为复杂疾病提供创新的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Recent advances of photoresponsive nanomaterials for diagnosis and treatment of acute kidney injury. 用于诊断和治疗急性肾损伤的光致发光纳米材料的最新进展。
IF 10.6 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02906-6
Shijie Yao, Yinan Wang, Xiaozhou Mou, Xianghong Yang, Yu Cai

Non-invasive imaging in the near-infrared region (NIR) offers enhanced tissue penetration, reduced spontaneous fluorescence of biological tissues, and improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), rendering it more suitable for in vivo deep tissue imaging. In recent years, a plethora of NIR photoresponsive materials have been employed for disease diagnosis, particularly acute kidney injury (AKI). These encompass inorganic nonmetallic materials such as carbon (C), silicon (Si), phosphorus (P), and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs); precious metal nanoparticles like gold and silver; as well as small molecule and organic semiconductor polymer nanoparticles with near infrared responsiveness. These materials enable effective therapy triggered by NIR light and serve as valuable tools for monitoring AKI in living systems. The review provides a concise overview of the current state and pathological characteristics of AKI, followed by an exploration of the application of nanomaterials and photoresponsive nanomaterials in AKI. Finally, it presents the design challenges and prospects associated with NIR photoresponsive materials in AKI.

近红外区域(NIR)的无创成像具有更强的组织穿透性,可减少生物组织的自发荧光,并提高信噪比(SNR),因此更适用于体内深层组织成像。近年来,大量近红外光致发光材料被用于疾病诊断,尤其是急性肾损伤(AKI)。这些材料包括无机非金属材料,如碳(C)、硅(Si)、磷(P)和上转换纳米粒子(UCNPs);贵金属纳米粒子,如金和银;以及具有近红外响应性的小分子和有机半导体聚合物纳米粒子。这些材料可通过近红外线触发进行有效治疗,并可作为监测生命系统中 AKI 的重要工具。综述简要概述了 AKI 的现状和病理特征,随后探讨了纳米材料和光致发光纳米材料在 AKI 中的应用。最后,它介绍了与近红外光致发光材料在 AKI 中的应用相关的设计挑战和前景。
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引用次数: 0
A magnetic epitope-imprinted microsphere used for selective separation and rapid detection of SHV-type β-lactamases in bacteria: a novel strategy of antimicrobial resistance detection. 用于选择性分离和快速检测细菌中 SHV 型 β-内酰胺酶的磁性表位印迹微球:一种新型抗菌药耐药性检测策略。
IF 10.6 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02949-9
Yusun Zhou, Kunqi Wang, Lele Li, Hui Li, Qingwu Tian, Baosheng Ge, Yuanyuan Chi, Xiaotong Xu, Shuhui Liu, Meng Han, Tingting Zhou, Yuanqi Zhu, Qing Wang, Bing Yu

Background: The production of β-lactamases is the most prevalent resistance mechanism for β-lactam antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteria. Presently, over 4900 β-lactamases have been discovered, and they are categorized into hundreds of families. In each enzyme family, amino acid substitutions result in subtle changes to enzyme hydrolysis profiles; in contrast, certain conserved sequences retained by all of the family members can serve as important markers for enzyme family identification.

Results: The SHV family was chosen as the study object. First, a unique 10-mer peptide was identified as SHV family's epitope by an approach of protein fingerprint analysis. Then, an SHV-specific magnetic epitope-imprinted gel polymer (MEI-GP) was prepared by an epitope surface imprinting technique, and its sorption behavior and recognition mechanism for template epitope and SHV were both elaborated. Finally, the MEI-GP was successfully applied to selectively extract SHV from bacteria, and the extracted SHV was submitted to MALDI-TOF MS for specific determination. By following this strategy, other β-lactamase families can also be specifically detected. According to the molecular weight displayed in mass spectra, the kind of β-lactamase and its associated hydrolysis profile on β-lactams can be easily identified. Based on this, an initial drug option scheme can be quickly formulated for antimicrobial therapy. From protein extraction to medication guidance reporting, the mean time to detection (MTTD) was less than 2 h, which is much faster than conventional phenotype-based methods (at least 16-20 h) and gene-based techniques (usually about 8 h).

Conclusions: This enzyme-specific detection strategy combined the specificity of epitope imprinting with the sensitivity of mass spectrometry, enabling β-lactamase to be selectively extracted from bacteria and clearly presented in mass spectra. Compared with other drug resistance detection methods, this technique has good specificity, high sensitivity (≤ 15 mg of bacteria), a short MTTD (less than 2 h), and simple operation, and therefore has a broad application prospect in clinical medicine.

背景:产生β-内酰胺酶是革兰氏阴性细菌对β-内酰胺类抗生素最普遍的耐药机制。目前,已发现的 β-内酰胺酶超过 4900 种,可分为数百个家族。在每个酶家族中,氨基酸的替换会导致酶的水解特性发生微妙的变化;与此相反,所有家族成员保留的某些保守序列可作为酶家族鉴定的重要标志:结果:选择 SHV 家族作为研究对象。结果:选择 SHV 家族作为研究对象。首先,通过蛋白质指纹分析方法确定了一个独特的 10 聚体肽作为 SHV 家族的表位。然后,利用表位表面印迹技术制备了 SHV 特异性磁性表位印迹凝胶聚合物(MEI-GP),并对其吸附行为和模板表位与 SHV 的识别机制进行了阐述。最后,成功地将 MEI-GP 应用于选择性提取细菌中的 SHV,并将提取的 SHV 送入 MALDI-TOF MS 进行特异性测定。按照这一策略,其他β-内酰胺酶家族也可以被特异性地检测出来。根据质谱显示的分子量,可以很容易地识别出β-内酰胺酶的种类及其对β-内酰胺的相关水解情况。在此基础上,可快速制定抗菌治疗的初步药物选择方案。从蛋白质提取到用药指导报告,平均检测时间(MTTD)不到 2 小时,比传统的基于表型的方法(至少 16-20 小时)和基于基因的技术(通常约 8 小时)快得多:这种酶特异性检测策略结合了表位印记的特异性和质谱的灵敏度,能选择性地从细菌中提取β-内酰胺酶,并在质谱中清晰地显示出来。与其他耐药性检测方法相比,该技术特异性好、灵敏度高(≤ 15 mg 细菌)、MTTD 短(小于 2 h)、操作简单,在临床医学中具有广阔的应用前景。
{"title":"A magnetic epitope-imprinted microsphere used for selective separation and rapid detection of SHV-type β-lactamases in bacteria: a novel strategy of antimicrobial resistance detection.","authors":"Yusun Zhou, Kunqi Wang, Lele Li, Hui Li, Qingwu Tian, Baosheng Ge, Yuanyuan Chi, Xiaotong Xu, Shuhui Liu, Meng Han, Tingting Zhou, Yuanqi Zhu, Qing Wang, Bing Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12951-024-02949-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12951-024-02949-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The production of β-lactamases is the most prevalent resistance mechanism for β-lactam antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteria. Presently, over 4900 β-lactamases have been discovered, and they are categorized into hundreds of families. In each enzyme family, amino acid substitutions result in subtle changes to enzyme hydrolysis profiles; in contrast, certain conserved sequences retained by all of the family members can serve as important markers for enzyme family identification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SHV family was chosen as the study object. First, a unique 10-mer peptide was identified as SHV family's epitope by an approach of protein fingerprint analysis. Then, an SHV-specific magnetic epitope-imprinted gel polymer (MEI-GP) was prepared by an epitope surface imprinting technique, and its sorption behavior and recognition mechanism for template epitope and SHV were both elaborated. Finally, the MEI-GP was successfully applied to selectively extract SHV from bacteria, and the extracted SHV was submitted to MALDI-TOF MS for specific determination. By following this strategy, other β-lactamase families can also be specifically detected. According to the molecular weight displayed in mass spectra, the kind of β-lactamase and its associated hydrolysis profile on β-lactams can be easily identified. Based on this, an initial drug option scheme can be quickly formulated for antimicrobial therapy. From protein extraction to medication guidance reporting, the mean time to detection (MTTD) was less than 2 h, which is much faster than conventional phenotype-based methods (at least 16-20 h) and gene-based techniques (usually about 8 h).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This enzyme-specific detection strategy combined the specificity of epitope imprinting with the sensitivity of mass spectrometry, enabling β-lactamase to be selectively extracted from bacteria and clearly presented in mass spectra. Compared with other drug resistance detection methods, this technique has good specificity, high sensitivity (≤ 15 mg of bacteria), a short MTTD (less than 2 h), and simple operation, and therefore has a broad application prospect in clinical medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":16383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology","volume":"22 1","pages":"678"},"PeriodicalIF":10.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11539605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Retraction Note: A pH/enzyme dual responsive PMB spatiotemporal release hydrogel promoting chronic wound repair. 撤稿说明:促进慢性伤口修复的 pH/ 酶双响应 PMB 时空释放水凝胶。
IF 10.6 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02960-0
Lanlan Dong, Can Huang, Baohua Zhao, Guangyun Hu, Yong Huang, Xiaorong Zhang, Xiaohong Hu, Ying Wang, XiaoyanSun, Wei Qian, Gaoxing Luo
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引用次数: 0
IFITM1 is a host restriction factor that inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection. IFITM1 是一种抑制猪流行性腹泻病毒感染的宿主限制因子。
IF 10.6 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02884-9
Jiahao Cheng, Jiayi He, Simeng Feng, Lei Tan, Binghan Bai, Wei Dong, Bin Li, Lixin Wen, Aibing Wang, Xiaomin Yuan

Background: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection and transmission pose a serious threat to the global swine industry. The search for a new host factor with anti-PEDV effect may be an effective potential target for the development of novel antiviral drugs. Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) play a crucial role in the innate immune response triggered by viral infection, and it has been suggested that IFITMs can block the early stages of viral replication, but the mechanism of action is currently unclear. The current study sheds light on the role of IFITM1 in PEDV infection. Specifically, overexpression of IFITM1 suppresses PEDV proliferation in IPEC-J2 cells, while knockdown of IFITM1 has the opposite effect. Collectively, these findings underscore IFITM1's inhibitory role in PEDV infection, with critical implications for the residues and structural motifs within its CTD.

Results: The study demonstrates that IFITM1, an interferon-induced transmembrane protein, plays a critical role in the antiviral response against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV). Notably: Overexpression of IFITM1 suppresses PEDV proliferation.IFITM1 co-localizes with PEDV virions in the cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus.Immunocolloidal gold electron microscopy reveals IFITM proteins embedded on the surface of PEDV virions.IFITM1 directly interacts with the N protein of PEDV.C-terminal domain mutations in IFITM1 compromise its inhibitory function against PEDV, with specific amino acid residues playing a pronounced role.These findings enhance our understanding of innate immunity and antiviral defense mechanisms, with potential implications for therapeutic strategies against PEDV infection.

Conclusions: The study establishes IFITM1 as a key player in the antiviral response against PEDV. Its inhibitory function, co-localization with virions, and interaction with the N protein provide valuable insights. Notably, the CTD mutations of IFITM1 have a fundamental impact on its modulatory action. These findings contribute to our understanding of innate immunity and antiviral defense mechanisms, with potential implications for therapeutic strategies against PEDV infection.

背景:猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的感染和传播对全球养猪业构成严重威胁。寻找具有抗 PEDV 作用的新宿主因子可能是开发新型抗病毒药物的有效潜在靶点。干扰素诱导跨膜蛋白(IFITMs)在病毒感染引发的先天性免疫反应中起着至关重要的作用,有研究认为 IFITMs 可以阻断病毒复制的早期阶段,但其作用机制目前尚不清楚。本研究揭示了 IFITM1 在 PEDV 感染中的作用。具体来说,过表达 IFITM1 可抑制 PEDV 在 IPEC-J2 细胞中的增殖,而敲除 IFITM1 则会产生相反的效果。总之,这些发现强调了 IFITM1 在 PEDV 感染中的抑制作用,并对其 CTD 中的残基和结构基团产生了重要影响:研究表明,干扰素诱导的跨膜蛋白 IFITM1 在猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的抗病毒反应中发挥着关键作用。值得注意的是过表达 IFITM1 可抑制 PEDV 的增殖。IFITM1 与 PEDV 病毒共定位在细胞核周围的细胞质中,免疫胶体金电子显微镜显示 IFITM 蛋白嵌入 PEDV 病毒的表面。这些发现加深了我们对先天免疫和抗病毒防御机制的理解,对针对PEDV感染的治疗策略具有潜在影响:结论:本研究确定了 IFITM1 在 PEDV 抗病毒反应中的关键作用。它的抑制功能、与病毒的共定位以及与 N 蛋白的相互作用提供了有价值的见解。值得注意的是,IFITM1的CTD突变对其调节作用有根本性的影响。这些发现有助于我们了解先天性免疫和抗病毒防御机制,对针对 PEDV 感染的治疗策略具有潜在影响。
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引用次数: 0
MSC-microvesicles protect cartilage from degradation in early rheumatoid arthritis via immunoregulation. 间充质干细胞微囊通过免疫调节保护早期类风湿性关节炎软骨免于退化。
IF 10.6 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02922-6
Shixiong Wei, Rui-Juan Cheng, Sujia Li, Chenyang Lu, Qiuping Zhang, Qiuhong Wu, Xueting Zhao, Xinping Tian, Xiaofeng Zeng, Yi Liu

Objective: As research into preclinical rheumatoid arthritis (pre-RA) has advanced, a growing body of evidence suggests that abnormalities in RA-affected joint cartilage precede the onset of arthritis. Thus, early prevention and treatment strategies are imperative. In this study, we aimed to explore the protective effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived microvesicles (MVs) on cartilage degradation in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model.

Methods: A CIA mouse model was established to observe early pathological changes in cartilage (days 21-25) through histological and radiological examinations. On day 22, MSCs-MVs were intravenously injected into the mice with CIA. Radiological, histological, and flow cytometric examinations were conducted to observe inflammation and cartilage changes in these mice compared to the mice with CIA and the control mice. In vitro, chondrocytes were cultured with inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and TNFα to simulate inflammatory damage to cartilage. After the addition of MVs, changes in inflammatory levels and collagen expression were measured via Western blotting, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), and quantitative PCR to determine the role of MVs in maintaining chondrocytes.

Results: MSC-MVs expressed vesicular membrane proteins (CD63 and Annexin V) and surface markers characteristic of MSCs (CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105). In the early stages of CIA in mice, a notable decrease in collagen content was observed in the joint cartilage. In mice with CIA, injection of MSCs-MVs resulted in a significant reduction in the peripheral blood levels of IL-1β, TNFα, and IL-6, along with a decrease in the ratio of proinflammatory T and B cells. Additionally, MSC-MVs downregulated the expression of IL-1β, TNFα, MMP-13, and ADAMTS-5 in cartilage while maintaining the stability of type I and type II collagen. These MVs also attenuated the destruction of cartilage, which was evident on imaging. In vitro experiments demonstrated that MSC-MVs effectively suppressed the secretion of the inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNFα, and IL-6 in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Conclusions: MSCs-MVs can inhibit the decomposition of the inflammation-induced cartilage matrix by regulating immune cell inflammatory factors to attenuate cartilage destruction. MSC-MVs are promising effective treatments for the early stages of RA.

目的:随着对临床前类风湿性关节炎(pre-RA)研究的深入,越来越多的证据表明,受 RA 影响的关节软骨的异常会在关节炎发病之前出现。因此,早期预防和治疗策略势在必行。本研究旨在探讨间充质干细胞(MSC)衍生的微囊(MVs)对胶原诱导的关节炎(CIA)小鼠模型软骨降解的保护作用:方法:建立CIA小鼠模型,通过组织学和放射学检查观察软骨的早期病理变化(第21-25天)。第22天,向CIA小鼠静脉注射间充质干细胞-MVs。通过放射学、组织学和流式细胞术检查,观察这些小鼠与CIA小鼠和对照组小鼠的炎症和软骨变化。在体外,用 IL-1β 和 TNFα 等炎症因子培养软骨细胞,以模拟软骨的炎症损伤。加入中空膜后,通过 Western 印迹、免疫荧光、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和定量 PCR 测定炎症水平和胶原表达的变化,以确定中空膜在维持软骨细胞中的作用:结果:间充质干细胞-间充质干细胞表达了囊膜蛋白(CD63和Annexin V)和间充质干细胞特有的表面标志物(CD44、CD73、CD90和CD105)。在小鼠 CIA 的早期阶段,关节软骨中的胶原蛋白含量明显减少。在患有 CIA 的小鼠体内注射间充质干细胞-间充质干细胞后,外周血中的 IL-1β、TNFα 和 IL-6 水平明显降低,促炎性 T 细胞和 B 细胞的比例也有所下降。此外,间充质干细胞-间充质干细胞降低了软骨中IL-1β、TNFα、MMP-13和ADAMTS-5的表达,同时保持了I型和II型胶原蛋白的稳定性。这些中微粒还能减轻软骨的破坏,这在成像上很明显。体外实验表明,间充质干细胞-间充质干细胞能有效抑制受刺激的外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)分泌炎症因子IL-1β、TNFα和IL-6:结论:间充质干细胞-间充质干细胞能通过调节免疫细胞炎症因子抑制炎症诱导的软骨基质分解,从而减轻软骨破坏。间充质干细胞-间充质干细胞有望成为治疗早期RA的有效方法。
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引用次数: 0
High-throughput synthesis and optimization of ionizable lipids through A3 coupling for efficient mRNA delivery. 通过 A3 偶联高通量合成和优化可电离脂质,实现高效 mRNA 输送。
IF 10.6 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02919-1
Jingjiao Li, Jie Hu, Danni Jin, Haonan Huo, Ning Chen, Jiaqi Lin, Xueguang Lu

Background: The efficacy of mRNA-based vaccines and therapies relies on lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) as carriers to deliver mRNA into cells. The chemical structure of ionizable lipids (ILs) within LNPs is crucial in determining their delivery efficiency.

Results: In this study, we synthesized 623 alkyne-bearing ionizable lipids using the A3 coupling reaction and assessed their effectiveness in mRNA delivery. ILs with specific structural features-18-carbon alkyl chains, a cis-double bond, and ethanolamine head groups-demonstrated superior mRNA delivery capabilities. Variations in saturation, double bond placement, and chain length correlated with decreased efficacy. Alkynes positioned adjacent to nitrogen atoms in ILs reduced the acid dissociation constant (pKa) of LNPs, thereby hindering mRNA delivery efficiency. Conversion of alkynes to alkanes significantly enhanced mRNA delivery of ILs both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, combining optimized ILs with cKK-E12 yields synergistic LNPs that showed markedly augmented mRNA expression levels in vivo.

Conclusions: Overall, our study provides insights into the structure-function relationships of ILs, providing a foundation for the rational design of ILs to enhance the efficacy of LNPs in mRNA delivery.

背景:基于 mRNA 的疫苗和疗法的疗效有赖于脂质纳米颗粒 (LNPs) 作为载体将 mRNA 运送到细胞中。LNPs 中可电离脂质 (IL) 的化学结构对决定其递送效率至关重要:在这项研究中,我们利用 A3 偶联反应合成了 623 种含炔烃的可电离脂质,并评估了它们在递送 mRNA 方面的有效性。具有特定结构特征的IL--18碳烷基链、顺式双键和乙醇胺头基--显示出卓越的mRNA递送能力。饱和度、双键位置和链长的变化与功效下降有关。与 IL 中氮原子相邻的炔烃降低了 LNPs 的酸解离常数(pKa),从而阻碍了 mRNA 的递送效率。将炔烃转化为烷烃可显著提高ILs在体外和体内的mRNA递送能力。此外,将优化的ILs与cKK-E12结合可产生协同作用的LNPs,在体内明显提高了mRNA的表达水平:总之,我们的研究深入揭示了 ILs 的结构-功能关系,为合理设计 ILs 以提高 LNPs 在 mRNA 递送方面的功效奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Nitric oxide-based multi-synergistic nanomedicine: an emerging therapeutic for anticancer. 基于一氧化氮的多重协同纳米医学:一种新兴的抗癌疗法。
IF 10.6 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02929-z
Yaqin Tang, Qiyu Li, Ziwei Zhou, Huayang Bai, Nianting Xiao, Jing Xie, Chong Li

Gas therapy has emerged as a promising approach for treating cancer, with gases like NO, H2S, and CO showing positive effects. Among these, NO is considered a key gas molecule with significant potential in stopping cancer progression. However, due to its high reactivity and short half-life, delivering NO directly to tumors is crucial for enhancing cancer treatment. NO-driven nanomedicines (NONs) have been developed to effectively deliver NO donors to tumors, showing great progress in recent years. This review provides an overview of the latest advancements in NO-based cancer nanotherapeutics. It discusses the types of NO donors used in current research, the mechanisms of action behind NO therapy for cancer, and the different delivery systems for NO donors in nanotherapeutics. It also explores the potential of combining NO donors with other treatments for enhanced cancer therapy. Finally, it examines the future prospects and challenges of using NONs in clinical settings for cancer treatment.

气体疗法已成为治疗癌症的一种前景广阔的方法,氮氧化物、H2S 和 CO 等气体显示出积极的效果。其中,氮氧化物被认为是一种关键的气体分子,在阻止癌症进展方面潜力巨大。然而,由于 NO 的高反应性和短半衰期,将 NO 直接输送到肿瘤是加强癌症治疗的关键。氮氧化物驱动的纳米药物(NONs)已被开发出来,可有效地向肿瘤输送氮氧化物供体,近年来取得了巨大进展。本综述概述了基于 NO 的癌症纳米疗法的最新进展。它讨论了当前研究中使用的氮氧化物供体类型、氮氧化物治疗癌症的作用机制以及纳米疗法中氮氧化物供体的不同递送系统。报告还探讨了将氮氧化物供体与其他疗法相结合以增强癌症疗法的潜力。最后,它探讨了在临床环境中使用氮氧化物治疗癌症的未来前景和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Nanobiotechnology
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