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The Process of Reforming the System of State Administration and Administrative Reform in Uzbekistan 乌兹别克斯坦国家行政体制改革进程与行政改革
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.14505/jarle.v11.2(48).01
Mauvlyuda Akhatovna Akhmedshaeva, Makhmud Kamaladiinovich Nazhimov, Khajdarali Melievich Mukhamedov, Mukhitdinova Firuza Abdurashidovna
The research considers the processes of formation of the latest legislation on administrative responsibility in the Republic of Uzbekistan its relevance and problems that should receive proper scientific evaluation. The author considers and analyzes the reform in the field of a new model of administrative-tort legislation proceeding from the paradigm of priority jurisdictional protection of human rights and freedoms.
这项研究审议了乌兹别克斯坦共和国关于行政责任的最新立法的形成过程、相关性和应得到适当科学评价的问题。笔者从优先管辖权保护人权与自由的范式出发,对行政侵权立法新模式的改革进行了思考和分析。
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引用次数: 1
The Impact of Environmental Law on the Development of the City of Manado, Indonesia 环境法对印尼万鸦老市发展的影响
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.14505//jarle.v11.1(47).10
F. P. Kalalo
The environmental laws provide protection, good management, and conservation for the nature. The enforcement of said law does not mean stopping or negating development activities in the area. Progress must go on in accordance to agreed-upon development programs. Such developments, which in this case take place in Manado, need to take into account the impact towards the environment, in accordance to Environmental Protection and Management Act No. 32 of 2009 so as to not contaminate or compromise the life-supporting nature, both short-term and long term. For that purpose, developments in Manado must be executed with respect to sustainable, environmentally friendly development concepts, so development and natural conservation efforts can progress alongside each other.
环境法对自然进行保护、管理和养护。执行上述法律并不意味着停止或否定该地区的发展活动。必须按照商定的发展方案继续取得进展。根据2009年第32号《环境保护和管理法》,这种在万鸦老进行的开发需要考虑到对环境的影响,以便在短期和长期内不污染或损害维持生命的自然。为此目的,万鸦老的发展必须按照可持续的、对环境友好的发展概念来执行,以便发展和自然保护工作能够相互促进。
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引用次数: 1
Use of Balanced Scorecard for Enterprise Competitiveness Assessment 平衡计分卡在企业竞争力评估中的应用
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.14505/jarle.v11.2(48).08
S. Faizova, M. Ivanova, O. Faizova, V. Smiesova, O. Parshyna, O. Zavhorodnia
The problem of defining the prospects, opportunities, limitations and methodological format of assessing the competitiveness of an enterprise in a transitive economy using the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) concept has been considered. The relevance of the issue is due, on the one hand, to global trends in innovative development, and on the other hand, to the incompliance of performance of the post-socialist industrial enterprises with the characteristics of innovative development. The creation of mechanisms for improving the enterprise’s competitiveness and its appropriate assessment based on the use of advanced management practices and technologies is becoming increasingly relevant. The purpose of study is to improve methodological approach to the BSC-based assessment of competitiveness of a value-oriented enterprise, and to substantiate the prospects of effective integration of the BSC into the existing enterprise management system. This research paper justifies the possibility of using various methodological forms, including the simplest ones, of the Balanced Scorecard, which features a transformational nature, in the process of forming a balanced strategic management of enterprise. Methodical approach has been proposed for identification of the enterprise strategy directed at increase of its market value and strategic competitiveness. Matrix analysis was applied to assess the enterprise performance indicators; it revealed a relationship between the enterprise's competitive position and class of its innovation BSC-based strategies. To assess the enterprise’s competitiveness, an integral index of its investment attractiveness has been proposed, and to assess the class of the enterprise innovative strategies, an integral index of the enterprise innovations was calculated. The proposed methodological approach was used to perform expert sampling within the frame of indicators for determining the investment attractiveness and innovativeness of a metallurgical enterprise by the criteria of strategic orientation, efficiency and functionality. The study has analyzed the experience gained by the leading enterprises of Ukraine’s metallurgical complex in using BSC in a limited methodological format as a tool for identifying the strategy of an enterprise, assessing its competitiveness, innovativeness and investment attractiveness. The result of the study was the conclusion about the possibility of applying the simplest Balanced Scorecard forms as a catalyst for innovative transformations and developing balanced enterprise management in transition economies.
讨论了利用平衡计分卡概念确定过渡经济中评估企业竞争力的前景、机会、限制和方法格式的问题。这一问题的相关性一方面是由于全球创新发展的趋势,另一方面是由于后社会主义工业企业的绩效不符合创新发展的特征。建立提高企业竞争力的机制,并根据使用先进的管理做法和技术对其进行适当的评价,正变得日益重要。研究的目的是改进基于平衡记分卡的价值导向企业竞争力评估的方法方法,并证实将平衡记分卡有效整合到现有企业管理系统中的前景。本文论证了在形成企业均衡战略管理的过程中,运用具有转型性质的平衡计分卡的各种方法形式,包括最简单的方法形式的可能性。提出了以提高企业市场价值和战略竞争力为目标的企业战略识别方法。运用矩阵分析法对企业绩效指标进行评价;揭示了企业竞争地位与其基于平衡记分卡的创新战略等级之间的关系。为了评价企业的竞争力,提出了企业投资吸引力的积分指标;为了评价企业创新战略的类别,计算了企业创新的积分指标。建议的方法方法被用来在指标框架内进行专家抽样,以确定冶金企业的投资吸引力和创新能力,根据战略方向、效率和功能的标准。该研究分析了乌克兰冶金联合体的主要企业在有限的方法格式中使用平衡记分卡作为确定企业战略、评估其竞争力、创新性和投资吸引力的工具所获得的经验。这项研究的结果是得出结论,认为有可能采用最简单的平衡计分卡形式,作为在转型经济中促进创新变革和发展平衡企业管理的催化剂。
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引用次数: 7
Structuring Relations in Civil Law after the Termination of Relations between Subjects 主体关系终止后的民法关系建构
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.14505//jarle.v11.1(47).28
Viktor S. Dergachov, Valentyna A. Vasylyeva, Ali Kabaha, A. Gribincea, D. Kovach
The relevance of structuring relations in the field of civil law is determined by the forms of interaction between the subjects that were the initiators of the termination of legal relations. In this regard, the issues of maintaining relations, which could be continued in the future, are regulated on the basis of other contractual relations. With that, the works of legal scholars do not always provide sufficient grounds to propose points of fixation of the termination of relations. In this regard, the establishment of the meaning of legal facts for the formation of high-quality relationships between legal subjects after the termination of interaction remains very relevant. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that for the first time the aspects of creating and consolidating forms that would ensure sustainable development and minimize conflicts after termination of contractual relations are considered in civil law. The authors of the paper analyze the current legislative provisions and determine the direction of its development in the context of globalization. The article explores the theoretical construct of these relations and provides an analysis of civil legislation as applied to industry standards of economic legislation. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that the application of the developed provisions will facilitate the harmonization of national legislations in the formation of bloc legal systems.
民法领域中构建关系的相关性取决于作为法律关系终止发起者的主体之间的互动形式。在这方面,维持关系的问题是在其他合同关系的基础上加以管理的,这些关系将来可能继续存在。因此,法律学者的著作并不总是能够提供足够的依据来提出关系终止的固定点。就此而言,法律事实意义的确立对于法律主体在互动终止后形成高质量的关系仍然具有十分重要的意义。这项研究的新颖之处在于,它首次在民法中考虑了创造和巩固各种形式以确保可持续发展和在合同关系终止后尽量减少冲突的问题。本文分析了我国现行的立法规定,并在全球化背景下确定了其发展方向。本文探讨了这些关系的理论建构,并对民事立法适用于经济立法的行业标准进行了分析。本研究的现实意义在于,在形成集团法律制度的过程中,适用这些已制定的规定将促进各国立法的协调。
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引用次数: 0
Create a Traffic Control Information Space in the Logistics Environment 创建物流环境下的交通控制信息空间
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.14505/jarle.v11.2(48).03
G. Bakyt, Zhanerke S. Seidemetova, S. Abdullayev, Nazdana Adilova, Azhar D. Kamzina, M. Aikumbekov
The research describes the competitive environment in the market of transport-logistics services of Kazakhstan. Logistics networks are represented by two transport systems: JSC ‘National Company Kazakhstan Temirzholy’ hereinafter Operator, as well as other railway administrations and access routes of the Customer (LLP ‘KM Tranko). The experience of TRANKO JSC, where marketing systems in the railway services market of Kazakhstan occupy an important place, is of interest. This format of services in the Republic is not common, therefore the services of JSC ‘TRANKO’ are unique and the specifics of these services, including planning and management of the logistics process with a system of response to failures, can be provided only for large business.
研究描述了哈萨克斯坦运输物流服务市场的竞争环境。物流网络由两个运输系统代表:JSC“哈萨克斯坦Temirzholy国家公司”(以下简称运营商),以及其他铁路管理部门和客户的访问路线(LLP“KM Tranko”)。TRANKO JSC在哈萨克斯坦铁路服务市场的营销系统占有重要地位,其经验令人感兴趣。这种形式的服务在共和国并不常见,因此JSC“TRANKO”的服务是独一无二的,这些服务的细节,包括物流过程的规划和管理,以及对故障的响应系统,只能为大型企业提供。
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引用次数: 3
Legal Regulation in Digital Medicine 数字医学中的法律规制
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.14505//jarle.v11.1(47).18
Michail A. Osadchuk, A. M. Osadchuk, N. V. Kireeva, M. Trushin
The civilized world has achieved enormous progress in digital medicine, which is becoming the basis for further healthcare development. In the near future this can significantly improve people`s life , increase budget efficiency in the sphere of health, improve health indicators and life expectancy of the next generation. In this situation, digital medicine does not fully guarantee exclusion of any data leakage risks. This means that the use of better technologies in health care will require stricter compliance with a complex network of existing laws and regulations, which vary depending on the country, jurisdiction and region (for example, the European Union).However, this global process implementation requires strong political will to protect citizens from confidential data misuse, to increase responsibility of manufacturers and consumers of digital equipment and technologies to their citizens and the state.
文明世界在数字医学方面取得了巨大的进步,这正在成为医疗保健进一步发展的基础。在不久的将来,这可以显著改善人民的生活,提高卫生领域的预算效率,改善健康指标和下一代的预期寿命。在这种情况下,数字医疗并不能完全保证排除任何数据泄露风险。这意味着,在卫生保健中使用更好的技术将需要更严格地遵守现有法律和法规的复杂网络,这些法律和法规因国家、司法管辖区和区域(例如欧洲联盟)而异。然而,这一全球进程的实施需要强大的政治意愿,以保护公民免受机密数据滥用的侵害,并增加数字设备和技术的制造商和消费者对其公民和国家的责任。
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引用次数: 2
Problems of Social and Economic Optimization in Russia 俄罗斯社会经济优化问题
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.14505/jarle.v11.2(48).34
A. Troshin, V. Stolyarova, Z. Stolyarova, I. Sandu, L. Botasheva
At the current stage of economic development, there is a lot of discussions about optimization policies, which have become widespread in both the industrial and sociocultural spheres. There are ambiguous positions on the justification of its application and various interpretations of the phenomenon itself, which balance in the corridor of polar opinions from categorically negative, to acceptable and necessary. Despite the fact that economic experts traditionally see optimization as a way to improve the efficiency of all management systems and, consequently, increase the competitiveness of the national economy, among the population the latest results of such a policy have been persistently rejected. Moreover, optimization is perceived by most people primitively, through simple cutback of the number of social institutions, merger of enterprises, monopoly threats that leads to job losses, on the one hand, and towards quality deterioration of goods and services, on the other hand. Meanwhile, optimization remains the key factor of the growth of the competitiveness of the economy in a global scale. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the phenomenon of optimization of the socio-economic sphere, to understand the reasons for the divergence of the concept itself and to analyze possible options for adapting the optimization strategy to modern Russian conditions.
在当前的经济发展阶段,关于优化政策的讨论很多,在工业和社会文化领域都得到了广泛的应用。关于其应用的正当性和对这一现象本身的各种解释,存在着模棱两可的立场,这些立场在两极意见的走廊中保持平衡,从绝对否定到可接受和必要。尽管经济专家传统上认为,优化是提高所有管理制度的效率,从而提高国民经济竞争力的一种方法,但这种政策的最新成果一直受到人民的反对。此外,优化被大多数人认为是原始的,一方面是通过简单的削减社会机构的数量,企业合并,垄断威胁导致失业,另一方面是对商品和服务质量的恶化。同时,在全球范围内,优化仍然是经济竞争力增长的关键因素。因此,有必要研究社会经济领域的优化现象,了解概念本身分歧的原因,并分析使优化战略适应现代俄罗斯条件的可能选择。
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引用次数: 1
Issues in Local Self-Government Reform in Russia 俄罗斯地方自治改革中的若干问题
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.14505//jarle.v11.1(47).17
S. Nanba, E. Alimov
The research is devoted to the constitutional legal regulation of local self-government in Russia. A study of democratic principles and established social relations allows authors to understand the state of local democracy in Russia and to assess the current situation from various points of view. An analysis of the local self-government reforms in Russia and budget policy will allow a better understanding of the further public and social development in Russia. The article analyzes the directions of legislative developments concerning local self-government in the Russian Federation, which sometimes have a multidirectional nature. Also, there are several issues raised in this article: doctrinal approaches and law-enforcement practice the constitutional foundations of local self-government, the competence of local authorities, the direct citizens’ participation in the conduct of local self-government and the local self-government financing. The authors conclude that current legal regulation of the local self-government can be referred to the mixed model. In the course of the study, the several deviations from the constitutionally established model of local self-government have been revealed.
本研究以俄罗斯地方自治的宪法法规为研究对象。对民主原则和既定社会关系的研究使作者能够了解俄罗斯地方民主的状况,并从不同的角度评估当前的形势。通过对俄罗斯地方自治改革和预算政策的分析,可以更好地理解俄罗斯未来的公共和社会发展。本文分析了俄罗斯联邦地方自治立法发展的方向,这些方向有时具有多向性。此外,本文还提出了几个问题:理论方法和执法实践、地方自治的宪法基础、地方当局的权限、公民直接参与地方自治的行为和地方自治的财政。笔者认为,当前地方自治的法律规制可以借鉴这种混合模式。在研究过程中,揭示了与宪法确立的地方自治模式的若干偏差。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of the Measures Undertaken by the European Mediator Regarding the Protection of Human Rights 欧洲调解员在保护人权方面采取的措施的效果
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.14505//jarle.v10.2(40).14
C. Ignat
The research performs an accurate radiography regarding the measures the European Mediator unfolds in the Human Rights protection but also with regard to the social impact upon the European citizen. The European Mediator is a complement to the ombudsmen existing in each State. However, its competence is limited only to the European Union authorities, as it does not involve the ones of the Member States. Any possible reports between the European Mediator and the equivalent institutions from the European Union Member State can only be mutually supported as long as every ombudsman aims the fulfilment of the same main function, namely that of administration control and citizen protection.
该研究对欧洲调解员在人权保护方面采取的措施以及对欧洲公民的社会影响进行了准确的分析。欧洲调解员是对各国现有监察员的补充。但是,它的权限仅限于欧洲联盟当局,因为它不涉及成员国的当局。欧洲调解员与来自欧洲联盟成员国的相应机构之间的任何可能的报告,只有在每一位监察员的目的都是履行同样的主要职能,即行政控制和公民保护的情况下,才能相互支持。
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引用次数: 0
Conciliatory Justice in Modern Russia 现代俄罗斯的和解司法
Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.14505//jarle.v11.1(47).03
Katerina Dremova
The research studies conciliatory justice in modern Russia. Its formation and peculiarities in the institution of alternative ways of resolving legal conflict on the example of mediation are considered. Various views regarding the mediation definition are analyzed, and the author's vision of this category concept is given. The origins of mediation history abroad and in Russia are studied. The essence and peculiarities of mediation application as an alternative method of economic disputes settlement are characterized. The benefits of using conciliatory procedures in a business environment are revealed. The main aspects of the procedural legislation reform initiated by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation concerning the change in the legal regulation of conciliatory procedures application in the settlement of legal conflicts are outlined. It is noted that the beginning of procedural reform in Russia with regard to dispute settlement through conciliatory procedures was triggered by the resolution of the plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation ‘On submission to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of Russian Federation a federal law draft ‘On amendments to a number of legislative acts of the Russian Federation in connection with conciliatory procedure improvements’ adopted on 18 January 2018 and the resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation. Statistics on the ratio of dismissals agreed, dispute settlement through the mediation procedure, as well as plaintiff-triggered dismissals are provided. Methodology: the study is carried out on the basis of the universal method on scientific study of the social development principles –dialectical materialism provisions, as well as general and specific scientific methods: dogmatic, regulatory legal, legal comparative, fragmented historical and legal, case studies (statistical data and judicial statistics analysis), logical (hypotheses, analogy, modeling, analysis and synthesis methods), philosophic (axiological, derivation methods on the basis of priori and axiomatic provisions), generalization and abstraction methods. Conclusions: To date, entrepreneurs are increasingly using conciliatory procedures when settling disputes. This way of dispute settlement becomes very convenient, businessmen are not in the need to spend their time on litigation, often protracted, but can settle issues more quickly and effectively. Today, conciliatory justice in the Russian Federation is going through the stage of formation and development and in the future is to become a demanded institution of judicial law.
本研究以近代俄罗斯和解司法为研究对象。以调解为例,探讨了其在解决法律冲突的替代性方式制度中的形成和特点。分析了关于中介定义的各种观点,并给出了作者对这一范畴概念的看法。研究了国外和俄罗斯调解史的起源。分析了调解作为一种替代性经济纠纷解决方式的本质和特点。揭示了在商业环境中使用调解程序的好处。概述了俄罗斯联邦最高法院发起的程序法改革的主要方面,这些改革涉及在解决法律冲突中适用调解程序的法律规定的变化。值得注意的是,俄罗斯通过调解程序解决争端的程序改革的开始是由俄罗斯联邦最高法院全体会议于2018年1月18日通过的《关于向俄罗斯联邦联邦会议国家杜马提交联邦法律草案《关于修改俄罗斯联邦若干立法法案以改进调解程序》的决议和俄罗斯联邦政府。提供了关于协议解雇、通过调解程序解决争议以及原告触发解雇的比例的统计数据。方法论:根据科学研究社会发展原理的普遍方法——辩证唯物主义的规定,以及一般和具体的科学方法进行研究;教条主义、规范法学、法律比较、碎片化的历史法学、案例研究(统计数据和司法统计分析)、逻辑(假设、类比、建模、分析和综合方法)、哲学(价值论、基于先验和公理化规定的推导方法)、概括和抽象方法。结论:迄今为止,企业家在解决纠纷时越来越多地使用和解程序。这种纠纷解决方式变得非常方便,商人们不必在诉讼上花费时间,往往旷日持久,反而可以更迅速有效地解决问题。今天,和解司法在俄罗斯联邦正处于形成和发展阶段,并将在未来成为一种必要的司法制度。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics
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