Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions最新文献

Objectives: This observational study aims to summarize the disability profile, rehabilitation strategies, and six-month outcomes in patients with Spinal Cord Ischemia (SC-ischemia) following Major Vascular Surgeries (MVS) at our institution.

Methods: Retrospective data were collected from seven patients who underwent MVS between April 2016 and March 2020.

Results: All patients were male, with a mean age of 68.7 years. SC-ischemia affected predominantly Th10 (six patients) and Th12 (one patient), resulting in severe motor paralysis in six patients and moderate paralysis in one. The average intensive care unit stay was 19.6 days, with delayed mobility observed (9.6 days to sit upright, 14.9 days to sit in a wheelchair). Patients had a prolonged hospital stay (average 70.6 days) and showed minimal improvement in activities of daily living (median Barthel Index of 10). At six months, two patients regained walking ability, while five showed little improvement.

Conclusion: Recovery post-MVS-associated SC-ischemia is inconsistent and often limited. Future research should focus on optimizing rehabilitation strategies for these patients suffering from this catastrophic complication.

Objectives: The one of the developing methods in paediatric densitometry field is peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), however, very little is known about its precision in children. The aim of presented study was to evaluate the precision errors for bone density, mass, dimensions, strength and mechanostat parameters as well as for soft tissue composition in children with medical conditions.

Methods: Stratec XCT 2000L apparatus was used. The measurement sites were 4%, 14%, 38% and 66% of the lower leg length. The study group comprised of 60 patients (30 girls) aged 5,0-18,0 yrs.

Results: Relative precision errors (CV%RMS) were from 0,25% for tibia 38% cortical bone density to 5,49% for fat cross-sectional area to muscle cross-sectional area ratio. Least significant change (LSC) was from 0,70% to 15,20%, respectively. Weak to moderate correlations between precision errors and body size, with r from -0,43 to 0,71, have been observed.

Conclusion: Presented study revealed pQCT method at the lower leg in children with medical conditions as relatively precise technique. Obtained results provides an attainable basis for design and interpretation of pQCT studies in children with medical conditions.

Objectives: To explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy (SE) on the relationship between medication adherence (MA) and illness perception (IP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: A convenient sampling method was used to select 238 RA patients undergoing treatment at two hospitals in Guangzhou, China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted, utilizing a general information questionnaire, a chronic disease SE scale, an IP scale, and the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS-A). R software (Version 4.2.2) was used to construct a mediation model to examine the impact of SE and IP on MA among RA patients. The bootstrap method was employed to validate the mediating role of SE.

Results: The average scores for IP, SE, and MA were 120.50 ± 12.32, 29.36 ± 8.49, and 21.22 ± 2.96, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that SE was positively correlated with IP (r = 0.23, p < 0.01) and MA (r = 0.195, p < 0.001). IP was also positively correlated with MA (r = 0.532, p < 0.05). The mediating effect of SE in the relationship between IP and MA was confirmed.

Conclusion: SE partially mediates the relationship between IP and MA in patients with RA.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the relationship between self-reported lower extremity function, fear of movement, and quadriceps, hamstring, and hip stabilizer muscle strength in women with patellofemoral pain.

Methods: Fifty-four women (age: 32.59±7.00) were included in the study. We assessed self-reported function with the Lower Extremity Functional Scale and fear of movement with the Tampa Scale for kinesiophobia. The strength of the quadriceps, hamstring, and hip stabilizer muscles was determined with a hand-held dynamometer. Relationships between variables were examined using Pearson correlation analysis and binary logistic regression analysis.

Results: Self-reported function showed a moderate positive correlation with hip stabilizer muscle strength (r=0.408, p=0.002) and negative correlation with fear of movement (r=-0.500, p<0.01).

Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that fear of movement and hip stabilizer muscle strength are factors associated with self-reported lower extremity function in women with patellofemoral pain.

Objectives: This research explores the vertical force-velocity (FV) profiles of female volleyball players at different maturation stages and examines the correlation between these profiles and spike jump.

Methods: Forty-two volleyball players (≥1 year training) were grouped by maturation stage-pre-PHV (n=9), mid-PHV (n=14), or post-PHV (n=19)-determined using anthropometric measurements (standing height, sitting height, leg length, and weight) and the Mirwald method to estimate maturity offset. FV profiles were assessed using Samozino's method with countermovement jumps under different loads. ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests analyzed group differences, while correlation analysis explored links between FV profiles and spike jump height (SJ).

Results: Significant variances were observed among maturity groups concerning FV profile parameters, which included maximal force (F₀), maximal velocity (V₀), and maximal power (P_max) (p<0.05, η²=0.19-0.69). Players at more advanced maturity stages demonstrated higher force parameters yet lower velocity values. Furthermore, only weak correlations emerged between spike jump height and parameters such as F₀ and P_max (p<0.05, r=0.31-0.39).

Conclusion: Post-PHV female volleyball players exhibited greater force production, but lower velocity compared to pre- and mid-PHV players. The weak correlations between force-velocity profiles and spike jump height suggest that other factors may contribute to spike jump performance. Further research is needed to elucidate these determinants across different maturation stages.

Objectives: To explore the preventive effect of the FOCUS-PDCA management model on deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in elderly orthopedic patients after surgery.

Methods: A total of 229 elderly patients who underwent orthopedic surgery in our hospital between January 2021 and December 2023 were divided into two groups: the control group (n=104) and the intervention group (n=125), based on their admission order. The control group received routine intervention, while the intervention group was treated with the FOCUS-PDCA model. Coagulation function, DVT risk symptoms, incidence of DVT, intervention quality, and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.

Results: After the intervention, the PT and APTT/s levels in the intervention group were significantly better than those in the control group, while the Fibrinogen (FIB) level was significantly lower (P < 0.05). The DVT risk symptoms and incidence of DVT were also lower in the intervention group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the intervention quality and patient satisfaction were higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: The FOCUS-PDCA management model improves coagulation function and reduces the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in elderly orthopedic patients after surgery.

Objectives: This study investigated the therapeutic effects of stigmasterol (STG), derived from Cornus officinalis, on osteoporosis in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Twenty-four Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old) were used to establish a T2DM model and were divided into four groups: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), low-dose STG (STG-L, 100 mg/kg), and high-dose STG (STG-H, 200 mg/kg). The rats received daily gavage treatments for four weeks. Therapeutic effects were assessed by examining femoral bone structure, serum bone formation markers (P1NP, osteocalcin, and osteoprotegerin), bone resorption indices (CTX-1 and RANKL), and osteogenic protein expression (Runx2, osteopontin, and COL1A1).

Results: STG significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels and improved insulin resistance in T2DM rats. It enhanced trabecular bone microstructure, with the STG-H group demonstrating superior effects. Compared to the HFD group, STG increased bone mineral density, bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and trabecular thickness, while reducing bone surface-to-volume ratio (BS/BV) and trabecular separation. STG also elevated serum levels of P1NP, osteocalcin, and osteoprotegerin, while reducing CTX-1 and RANKL. Western blot analysis revealed increased expression of Runx2, osteopontin, and COL1A1 in femoral tissues.

Conclusions: STG appears to alleviate osteoporosis in diabetes by improving bone microstructure, promoting bone formation, and reducing bone resorption, indicating its potential as a therapeutic option for managing osteoporosis.

Objectives: Impact exercises are known to increase bone mineral density (BMD) through the biological process of bone remodeling, increasing strength and resistance to fracture. The purpose of this study was to compare several measures that have been used as surrogates for bone impact as a magnitude of its potential to induce bone remodeling.

Methods: Twenty healthy adults (10 male, 10 female) participated in a biomechanical investigation of how drop height and landing style (bilateral vs. unilateral) affect various estimates of bone remodeling stimuli. These stimuli surrogates include accelerations measured by Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), ground reaction forces, joint contact forces estimated by musculoskeletal modeling, and tibia strains estimated by finite element modeling.

Results: Drop height was directly related to stimulus magnitudes, but there was little benefit to drop heights greater than 0.4 m. In contrast, switching from a bilateral to a unilateral landing had a large positive effect. A post-hoc analysis revealed that a linear regression of kinematics and reaction force explained up to 79% of the variance in computationally expensive bone remodeling stimulus measures.

Conclusions: subject-specific bone strain analysis may not be necessary to understand the magnitude of a bone remodeling stimulus of an exercise.

Objectives: To investigate the role of a tendon-derived stem cell (TDSC) sheet in tendon-bone healing within an extra-articular bone tunnel rat model.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The superficial flexor tendon, with or without a TDSC sheet, was transplanted into a 1.0-mm diameter bone tunnel in the proximal tibia. The impact of the TDSC sheet on tendon-bone healing was assessed through radiological analysis, histological staining, and biomechanical testing.

Results: The TDSC sheet significantly enhanced tendon-bone healing, as evidenced by higher tunnel bone mineral density and bone volume/total volume at 4 weeks post-operation. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that the TDSC sheet promoted the alignment of perpendicular collagen fibers connecting the tendon to the bone, along with Sharpey's fibers and new bone formation at the tendon-bone junction at both 4 and 8 weeks. Additionally, Masson's staining demonstrated that the tendon-bone interface was filled with abundant collagen fibers, with a significantly higher proportion of collagen fiber area in the TDSC sheet group compared to the control group at both 4 and 8 weeks.

Conclusion: The TDSC sheet may enhance tendon-bone healing in the early stages, providing a potential therapeutic approach to accelerate tendon-bone remodeling.

Objectives: This study aims to characterize a three-dimensional-printed hydroxyapatite (HA)/polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold and assess its biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: A bionic, porous HA/PCL scaffold was fabricated using 3D printing, and its microstructure, porosity, hydrophilicity, and mechanical properties were evaluated through scanning electron microscopy and various assays. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and vascular endothelial progenitor cells (VEPCs) were co-cultured with the scaffold, and their proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8, ALP assays, and alizarin red staining. Osteogenic marker expression was analyzed via qRT-PCR. In vivo bone regeneration was evaluated through histological analysis of H&E and Masson's trichrome staining in a rat cranial defect model.

Results: The average pore size of the scaffold was 462.00 ± 100.389 μm, with a porosity of 53%, a water absorption expansion rate of 5.10%, a contact angle of 94.55°, an elastic modulus of 53.82 MPa, and a compressive strength of 6.10 MPa. ALP activity and qRT-PCR analysis of osteogenic markers (BMP2, OCN, Runx2) showed significant upregulation in cells co-cultured with the scaffolds. In vivo experiments demonstrated enhanced bone regeneration and collagen deposition in the HA/PCL scaffold group.

Conclusion: The results suggest that the HA/PCL scaffold promotes osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration, making it suitable for bone tissue engineering applications.