Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions最新文献

Objective: To explore the therapeutic effects of Maohuoside A (MHA) on rats with osteoarthritis (OA) induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection, and to analyze its impact on the activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK).

Methods: Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into six groups: Sham, OA, L-MHA, M-MHA, H-MHA, and H-MHA + Compound C (n = 12 per group). The Sham group had sham surgery, while the OA, L-MHA, M-MHA, and H-MHA groups underwent OA via ACL severing. L-MHA, M-MHA, and H-MHA groups received low, moderate, and high doses of Maohuoside A, respectively, and the H-MHA + Compound C group received high-dose Maohuoside A plus Compound C. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Safranin O/Fast Green staining were used to assess articular cartilage damage and degeneration, and the OARSI score was used to evaluate the extent of cartilage degeneration.

Results: Compared with the OA group, the L-MHA, M-MHA, and H-MHA groups showed decreased OARSI scores, increased relative levels of Bcl-2 mRNA, decreased relative levels of Bax mRNA, reduced serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, increased relative levels of Collagen II mRNA, decreased relative levels of MMP-13 mRNA, and increased relative levels of BMP2, Runx2, and Osterix mRNA. Additionally, the relative level of cartilage AMPKα (Thr172) phosphorylation increased (P<0.05).

Conclusion: This study suggests that Maohuoside A exerts anti-osteoarthritis (OA) effects by activating AMPK.

Objective: Obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) are major risk factors for osteoarthritis (OA), but it remains unclear how comorbidity affects apoptosis signaling in OA. This study investigated the effect of metabolic diseases on apoptosis and apoptosis-related intracellular and extracellular signaling in OA.

Methods: Excision materials of human articular cartilage from total knee arthroplasties were collected. The samples were divided into four groups as, control OA, OA+DM, OA+Obese, and OA+DM+obesity. Protein activities were determined using Western blot and ELISA.

Results: Caspase-3 levels were significantly increased in chondrocytes in which OA was associated with DM or obesity. However, an increase in Bcl-2 activity was also observed in these comorbidities. The increased levels of CaMKII in the same groups also indicate an increase in cellular activity in comorbidities. While IL-6 and TNF-α did not show significant changes, matrix regulatory protein CYR61 levels reflected the intracellular apoptotic activity.

Conclusion: Metabolic diseases have a stimulatory effect on the etiopathology of osteoarthritis by enhancing cellular signaling towards apoptosis and that matrix signaling proteins may play a key role in regulating these effects. Examining OA with its accompanying diseases will lead to a better understanding of the cellular mechanisms that differ in OA.

Objective: To investigate the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IC) on bilateral hip abductor strength, fatigue, and power in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Methods: Participants (n=10) with KOA completed isokinetic and isometric hip abductor assessments on a Biodex dynamometer both before and after IC. IC was administered during a single session and consisted of 5 minutes of inflation (225mmHg) followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion for 50 minutes. Changes in strength and endurance measures before and after IC were compared using paired t-tests and magnitude of significant differences were reported using Cohen's d effect sizes.

Results: Isokinetic hip abductor peak torque (d=.42, p=.027) and average power (d=.57, p=.029) in the involved limb, and isokinetic peak torque (d=.37, p=.044) in the uninvolved limb increased significantly after IC compared to baseline. There were no changes in isokinetic average power in the uninvolved limb, or isometric peak torque and fatigue index in both limbs after IC (p=.13-.77).

Conclusions: A single session of IC improved hip abductor strength in both limbs and power in the involved limb in KOA patients. IC should continue to be investigated as a safe and clinically convenient intervention that can supplement traditional modalities to improve muscle function in KOA.

Non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) with movement control impairment (MCI) subgroup often experiences postural pain and functional lumbar spine instability. This scoping review had two aims: 1) to map the evidence related to dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) efficacy as a spinal stabilization strategy and to identify gaps in the literature that may exist regarding the effectiveness of DNS in low back pain management and 2) to align the DNS approach as a potential intervention for MCI patients. The clinical trial studies related to DNS exercises were searched from inception until February 2024 through electronic databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, PEDro, and Science Direct. The Arksey and O'Malley methodology and PRISMA-ScR checklist were followed to report the findings. A total of 18 studies offering a total sample of 483, were included based on the inclusion criteria. The results of 14 studies summarized the DNS-related influence on neural substrates and core stability. The availability of only 4 studies on DNS efficacy in chronic low back pain indicates a dearth of evidence. This review highlighted the DNS efficacy in improving core muscle activation and pain-related symptoms in NSCLBP patients while emphasising the need for prospective research in the MCI subgroup.

Objectives: The synergy between arm and shoulder muscles, along with isometric finger flexor strength, are crucial for climbing proficiency. However, tests often assess these factors separately rather than in a unified action. This study aimed to determine the intra- and inter-session reliability of the mean propulsive velocity (MPV) during pull-ups on a large hold and on small climbing edges.

Methods: Ten male climbers (self-reported maximal grade 6b-8b on French scale) participated in two identical sessions. During each session, participants performed two blocks of two pull-ups on a large hold and on four small climbing edges (25, 20, 15, and 10mm) in randomized order. The MPV was recorded using a linear position transducer.

Results: The MPV during climbing pull-ups at 20mm (0.75±0.16 m/s), 15mm (0.73±0.16 m/s), and 10mm (0.52±0.15 m/s) was reduced compared to a pull-up on a large hold (0.84±0.16m/s). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were good-to-excellent across hold sizes for intra-session (ICC 0.84-0.99) and inter-session (ICC 0.73-0.96) measurements.

Conclusions: The results suggest that the MPV assessed during climbing-specific pull-ups on small holds provides valuable insights into finger, elbow and shoulder muscle force capacities in a unified action. This test could be considered a sport-specific test for monitoring performance in climbers.

Objectives: To record Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximal Expiratory Pressure (MEP) in neuro-rehabilitation patients and establish correlation with functional status, quality of life, demographics and co-morbidities.

Methods: Respiratory muscle strength was measured in 50 stroke patients and 50 spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Both groups were evaluated with the Modified Barthel Index (MBI-Shah version) and the 36-Item Short Form Survey. Demographics, medical history, history of moderate physical activity prior to injury and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification were recorded.

Results: Respiratory muscle strength declined with age and males exhibited higher MIP and MEP in the SCI group and higher MEP, but not MIP, in stroke. In the ASIA D SCI subgroup, the MBI total score was moderately positively correlated with MIP and MEP values. In stroke, MBI total score and MEP were positively correlated in both sexes and MBI total score and MIP in females. Diabetes mellitus absence correlated with higher MIP and MEP in SCI. Prior physical activity was linked to higher MIP, MEP in stroke and to higher MIP in SCI.

Conclusions: Age, sex, functional capacity, SCI classification, quality of life components, history of physical activity and diabetes influence respiratory muscle strength in the studied population.

Objective: To establish age and gender-specific paediatric and adult reference data for muscle function parameters assessed using Jumping Mechanography in the Indian population.

Methods: 2056 healthy individuals (1068 males), aged 5 to 60 years, performed 2 tests on a force platform (Leonardo Mechanograph, Novotec). Maximum power (Pmax) was assessed by single two legged jump and maximum force (Fmax) by multiple one legged hopping. LMS method was used to generate age and gender-specific reference curves for 5 - 20y group and mean ± SD and median ± IQR are presented for 21 - 60y group.

Results: In 5 - 20y group, Pmax and Fmax increased with age while in 21 - 60y group, the parameters declined with age. Females had lower Pmax values than males, consistently through all age groups. In children <15y, there were no intergender differences in Fmax, however, in further age groups, females had lower Fmax (p<0.001). Our participants showed lower Pmax and Fmax when compared with machine reference data based on German population (p<0.001).

Conclusion: We present ethnicity-specific reference values for muscle function by Jumping Mechanography. These values are intended to help in clinical assessment of muscle function of Indian population and to identify those at risk of poor muscle function.

Objectives: To compare early outcomes of proximal femoral bionic nail (PFBN), Inter-TAN, proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) for intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients.

Methods: Eighty-two elderly patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures treated at Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital affiliated with Hubei University of Medicine from December 2021 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were categorized into three surgical groups: PFBN (22 cases), Inter-TAN (20 cases), and PFNA (40 cases). Preoperative demographics and fracture characteristics were compared, alongside intraoperative and postoperative metrics like operative time and complication rates.

Results: In the PFBN group, operative time, fluoroscopy use, blood loss, and transfusion were higher, but postoperative weight-bearing, healing, and hospital stay were shorter compared to the Inter-TAN and PFNA groups (P<0.05). Inter-TAN had a significantly shorter postoperative weight-bearing time than PFNA (P<0.001). Other compared factors showed no significant differences between groups (P>0.05), including complication rates and scores at 6-month follow-up.

Conclusions: PFBN, a novel surgical approach for intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients, outperforms Inter-TAN and PFNA by accelerating early weight-bearing and hastening fracture recovery.