Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123929
Hanxin Lin , Nengbin Hua , Yanchun Zhao , Xiangjin Zhao , Wenfei Lu , Fei Sun , Jia Chen , Jiahua Zhu , Qiaohang Guo , Lei Zhang , Jun Shen
This study systematically investigates the influence of heat treatment on the microstructure and corrosion-wear performance of a Pd40Cu30Ni10P20 bulk metallic glass (BMG), with a Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30 BMG as a reference. Samples were annealed at 590 K (structural relaxation) and 620 K (crystallization). The as-cast Pd-BMG exhibits exceptional wet-sliding wear resistance in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, with a wear rate three orders of magnitude lower than the Zr-BMG, due to a protective bilayer surface structure and a solution lubrication-passivation synergy. Annealing at 590 K optimizes performance by annihilating free volume, enriching surface Pd/P content, and facilitating the in-situ formation of a Cu3Pd nanocrystal-containing tribolayer, leading to superior corrosion-wear resistance. In contrast, annealing at 620 K induces crystallization, introducing grain boundary defects that cause selective corrosion, deteriorate the passive film, and shift the wear mechanism to abrasive and brittle fracture, resulting in significant performance degradation. 590 K is confirmed as the optimal annealing temperature, providing a basis for applying Pd-BMGs in marine and biomedical fields.
{"title":"Heat treatment effects on corrosion-wear of Pd-Based bulk metallic glass: Microstructural evolution","authors":"Hanxin Lin , Nengbin Hua , Yanchun Zhao , Xiangjin Zhao , Wenfei Lu , Fei Sun , Jia Chen , Jiahua Zhu , Qiaohang Guo , Lei Zhang , Jun Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigates the influence of heat treatment on the microstructure and corrosion-wear performance of a Pd<sub>40</sub>Cu<sub>30</sub>Ni<sub>10</sub>P<sub>20</sub> bulk metallic glass (BMG), with a Zr<sub>55</sub>Al<sub>10</sub>Ni<sub>5</sub>Cu<sub>30</sub> BMG as a reference. Samples were annealed at 590 K (structural relaxation) and 620 K (crystallization). The as-cast Pd-BMG exhibits exceptional wet-sliding wear resistance in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, with a wear rate three orders of magnitude lower than the Zr-BMG, due to a protective bilayer surface structure and a solution lubrication-passivation synergy. Annealing at 590 K optimizes performance by annihilating free volume, enriching surface Pd/P content, and facilitating the in-situ formation of a Cu<sub>3</sub>Pd nanocrystal-containing tribolayer, leading to superior corrosion-wear resistance. In contrast, annealing at 620 K induces crystallization, introducing grain boundary defects that cause selective corrosion, deteriorate the passive film, and shift the wear mechanism to abrasive and brittle fracture, resulting in significant performance degradation. 590 K is confirmed as the optimal annealing temperature, providing a basis for applying Pd-BMGs in marine and biomedical fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 123929"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123921
Amirhossein Moghanian , Sirus Safaee , Ahmet Akif Kizilkurtlu , Mohammad Mehrdar , Ramin Farmani , Soroush Mehrani , Ali Akpek , Mahdis Nesabi
Advances in powder metallurgy (PM) have revolutionized the fabrication of dental biomaterials by enabling precise microstructural control and tailored porosity (up to 80 % porosity in scaffolds) while simultaneously reducing waste and processing time. Although conventional PM processes offer a versatile toolkit for dental applications, consolidation techniques achieve near-full densification (exceeding 85 % of theoretical density) and refine microstructures in metallic and ceramic dental restoratives, resulting in enhanced mechanical integrity (compressive strength up to 203 MPa for TiB2/Ti composites) and biocompatibility. Post-processing treatments, ranging from thermal unbinding and sintering schedules to surface modifications, further optimize the mechanical performance (Young’s modulus matching bone at 2.2–12.1 GPa), surface finish, and corrosion resistance of the PM-derived dental components. A diverse array of biomaterials, including titanium–indium alloys for endodontic posts and cobalt–chromium partial denture frameworks, has been successfully produced via PM, demonstrating favorable osseointegration and mechanical performance (tensile strength up to 290 MPa for Ta-Zr alloys). Comprehensive performance evaluations, including fatigue testing, wear analysis, and cytocompatibility assays, confirm the clinical viability of PM-fabricated dental biomaterials. Comparative analyses further elucidate the trade-offs between process parameters, part complexity, and cost efficiency, thereby guiding rational selection for specific prosthetic applications. Nonetheless, challenges persist in scaling PM processes for custom dental geometries, managing the residual porosity (5–15 % in sintered parts), and ensuring consistent biocompatibility across diverse alloy systems. This review aims to cover and analyze these issues by mentioning recent advancements, current limitations, and the future landscape of dental PM-derived biomaterial fabrication in a wide framework.
{"title":"Powder metallurgy for dental biomaterials: Applications, processing, properties and clinical relevance","authors":"Amirhossein Moghanian , Sirus Safaee , Ahmet Akif Kizilkurtlu , Mohammad Mehrdar , Ramin Farmani , Soroush Mehrani , Ali Akpek , Mahdis Nesabi","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advances in powder metallurgy (PM) have revolutionized the fabrication of dental biomaterials by enabling precise microstructural control and tailored porosity (up to 80 % porosity in scaffolds) while simultaneously reducing waste and processing time. Although conventional PM processes offer a versatile toolkit for dental applications, consolidation techniques achieve near-full densification (exceeding 85 % of theoretical density) and refine microstructures in metallic and ceramic dental restoratives, resulting in enhanced mechanical integrity (compressive strength up to 203 MPa for TiB<sub>2</sub>/Ti composites) and biocompatibility. Post-processing treatments, ranging from thermal unbinding and sintering schedules to surface modifications, further optimize the mechanical performance (Young’s modulus matching bone at 2.2–12.1 GPa), surface finish, and corrosion resistance of the PM-derived dental components. A diverse array of biomaterials, including titanium–indium alloys for endodontic posts and cobalt–chromium partial denture frameworks, has been successfully produced via PM, demonstrating favorable osseointegration and mechanical performance (tensile strength up to 290 MPa for Ta-Zr alloys). Comprehensive performance evaluations, including fatigue testing, wear analysis, and cytocompatibility assays, confirm the clinical viability of PM-fabricated dental biomaterials. Comparative analyses further elucidate the trade-offs between process parameters, part complexity, and cost efficiency, thereby guiding rational selection for specific prosthetic applications. Nonetheless, challenges persist in scaling PM processes for custom dental geometries, managing the residual porosity (5–15 % in sintered parts), and ensuring consistent biocompatibility across diverse alloy systems. This review aims to cover and analyze these issues by mentioning recent advancements, current limitations, and the future landscape of dental PM-derived biomaterial fabrication in a wide framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 123921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123922
Han Zeng, Maoqiang Bi, Zhonghe Tong, Yingtai Du, Xi Chen, Tianyan Jiang
In this study, the enhancement mechanism of SiO2 modified by different silane coupling agents (SCA) on the moisture resistance, thermal properties and electrical insulation properties of epoxy resin (EP) composites is discussed. Through the combination of experimental tests and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the performance differences of five systems (EP, SiO2-EP, KH550 / SiO2-EP, KH560 / SiO2-EP, KH570 / SiO2-EP) in water absorption, glass transition temperature (Tg) and volume resistivity are analyzed. The changes of free volume fraction (FFV), interaction energy, number of hydrogen bonds and diffusion behavior of water molecules are revealed from the microscopic point of view. The experimental results show that the introduction of modified SiO2 significantly improves the moisture resistance, thermal properties and electrical properties of EP. Among them, KH550 modified SiO2 has the best effect, Tg increases by 12.3 %, volume resistivity increases by 22.1 %, and water absorption rate decreases by 21.9 % at 60 °C. MD simulations further confirm that the nano-SiO2 modified by SCA can effectively limit the diffusion of water molecules and reduce the effect of temperature on the mean square displacement (MSD) of the system. The KH550 / SiO2-EP system has the smallest free volume and the highest number of hydrogen bonds, which effectively inhibits the diffusion of water molecules and the movement of molecular chains. This study provides a theoretical basis and material design strategy for the application of epoxy composites in hygrothermal environments.
{"title":"KH550, KH560, and KH570 modified SiO2 enhance the moisture resistance, thermal properties and electrical insulation properties of epoxy resin: Based on experiments and molecular dynamics simulations","authors":"Han Zeng, Maoqiang Bi, Zhonghe Tong, Yingtai Du, Xi Chen, Tianyan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the enhancement mechanism of SiO<sub>2</sub> modified by different silane coupling agents (SCA) on the moisture resistance, thermal properties and electrical insulation properties of epoxy resin (EP) composites is discussed. Through the combination of experimental tests and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the performance differences of five systems (EP, SiO<sub>2</sub>-EP, KH550 / SiO<sub>2</sub>-EP, KH560 / SiO<sub>2</sub>-EP, KH570 / SiO<sub>2</sub>-EP) in water absorption, glass transition temperature (<em>T</em><sub>g</sub>) and volume resistivity are analyzed. The changes of free volume fraction (FFV), interaction energy, number of hydrogen bonds and diffusion behavior of water molecules are revealed from the microscopic point of view. The experimental results show that the introduction of modified SiO<sub>2</sub> significantly improves the moisture resistance, thermal properties and electrical properties of EP. Among them, KH550 modified SiO<sub>2</sub> has the best effect, <em>T</em><sub>g</sub> increases by 12.3 %, volume resistivity increases by 22.1 %, and water absorption rate decreases by 21.9 % at 60 °C. MD simulations further confirm that the nano-SiO<sub>2</sub> modified by SCA can effectively limit the diffusion of water molecules and reduce the effect of temperature on the mean square displacement (MSD) of the system. The KH550 / SiO<sub>2</sub>-EP system has the smallest free volume and the highest number of hydrogen bonds, which effectively inhibits the diffusion of water molecules and the movement of molecular chains. This study provides a theoretical basis and material design strategy for the application of epoxy composites in hygrothermal environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 123922"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123924
Manuel Enns , Wolfgang Körner , Christian Elsässer , Daniel F. Urban
We present a theoretical study on the change of volume of silica glass due to the intercalation of molecular water and the formation of silanol groups. By a statistical representative set of density functional theory calculations, we obtained a volume increase per mole of molecular water in amorphous SiO2 of 2.5 cm/mol. For the reaction of water to silanol groups we found a volume increase of 8.7 cm/mol. These results partially deviate from previous experimental and theoretical work concerning the mechanisms and the size of the volume change: according to our simulations, the volume change due to molecular water is not negligible. Furthermore, our results show that the exothermic dissolution of HO into silanol pairs is not restricted to small rings of size three and four. We find an equal distribution over all ring sizes which we explain by the structural relaxation and the related energy gain of the entire amorphous neighbourhood. Most exothermic dissolution of HO may happen at five-membered rings since they outnumber the three- and four-membered rings in amorphous SiO2.
{"title":"Volume increase of silica glass due to water intercalation and silanol group formation","authors":"Manuel Enns , Wolfgang Körner , Christian Elsässer , Daniel F. Urban","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a theoretical study on the change of volume of silica glass due to the intercalation of molecular water and the formation of silanol groups. By a statistical representative set of density functional theory calculations, we obtained a volume increase per mole of molecular water in amorphous SiO<sub>2</sub> of 2.5 cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>/mol. For the reaction of water to silanol groups we found a volume increase of 8.7 cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>/mol. These results partially deviate from previous experimental and theoretical work concerning the mechanisms and the size of the volume change: according to our simulations, the volume change due to molecular water is not negligible. Furthermore, our results show that the exothermic dissolution of H<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O into silanol pairs is not restricted to small rings of size three and four. We find an equal distribution over all ring sizes which we explain by the structural relaxation and the related energy gain of the entire amorphous neighbourhood. Most exothermic dissolution of H<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O may happen at five-membered rings since they outnumber the three- and four-membered rings in amorphous SiO<sub>2</sub>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 123924"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123920
Sung Bo Lee , Jaehun Kim , Jeongin Paeng , Sung-Gyu Kang , Jihye Kwon , Chi Won Ahn , Hyoung Seop Kim
Prior studies have independently reported electron-beam-induced crystallization of amorphous silicon (a-Si) and amorphization of crystalline silicon (c-Si), yet a unified explanation for these opposing transitions remains elusive. Conventional models invoke knock-on atomic displacement or bond breaking via electronic excitation, though it is counterintuitive that both could arise from the same athermal mechanisms. Using in situ transmission electron microscopy, we present the first direct observation of reversible phase switching—from a-Si to c-Si and back—under constant irradiation. These findings challenge prevailing assumptions, suggesting distinct driving forces. To assess the possible contribution of beam heating to the driving forces, we employed a combination of Monte Carlo simulations and finite element analysis, incorporating Auger excitation as a plausible heating mechanism. The results reveal that heat accumulation becomes increasingly pronounced as thermal conductivity decreases from c-Si to a-Si. This trend suggests that crystallization in a-Si is driven by beam-induced heating, whereas amorphization in c-Si is primarily governed by knock-on atomic displacements. This study establishes a coherent framework for understanding electron–matter interactions and enables phase control in amorphous materials at the nanoscale.
{"title":"Electron-beam-induced reversible crystalline–amorphous phase switching in silicon: A unified beam-heating perspective","authors":"Sung Bo Lee , Jaehun Kim , Jeongin Paeng , Sung-Gyu Kang , Jihye Kwon , Chi Won Ahn , Hyoung Seop Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prior studies have independently reported electron-beam-induced crystallization of amorphous silicon (<em>a</em>-Si) and amorphization of crystalline silicon (<em>c</em>-Si), yet a unified explanation for these opposing transitions remains elusive. Conventional models invoke knock-on atomic displacement or bond breaking via electronic excitation, though it is counterintuitive that both could arise from the same athermal mechanisms. Using in situ transmission electron microscopy, we present the first direct observation of reversible phase switching—from <em>a</em>-Si to <em>c</em>-Si and back—under constant irradiation. These findings challenge prevailing assumptions, suggesting distinct driving forces. To assess the possible contribution of beam heating to the driving forces, we employed a combination of Monte Carlo simulations and finite element analysis, incorporating Auger excitation as a plausible heating mechanism. The results reveal that heat accumulation becomes increasingly pronounced as thermal conductivity decreases from <em>c</em>-Si to <em>a</em>-Si. This trend suggests that crystallization in <em>a</em>-Si is driven by beam-induced heating, whereas amorphization in <em>c</em>-Si is primarily governed by knock-on atomic displacements. This study establishes a coherent framework for understanding electron–matter interactions and enables phase control in amorphous materials at the nanoscale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 123920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123919
Lunyong Zhang , Xiyuan Chen , Xiuzhang Li , Hongyan Kang , Xianxing Wang , Jinglong Mi , Chaojun Zhang , Ruishuai Gao , Zhishuai Jin , Guanyu Cao , Hongxian Shen , Jun Yi , Juntao Huo , Minzhen Ma , Fuyang Cao , Jianfei Sun
Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have not been applied in engineering despite their great potential over the past few decades. The size and structural limitations in the formation of BMG components remain a bottleneck, which continues to be a significant challenge. This work overcomes that bottleneck by utilizing the advantages of counter-gravity casting technology, optimizing the casting processes, and successfully forming a Vit1 BMG bracket component with an outer diameter of 100 mm and a weight of 462 g. The results show that copper molds are not suitable for achieving a cooling rate higher than the critical rate required for glass transition in the entire component. Additional water cooling on the mold is necessary to achieve a sufficiently high cooling rate. Based on this, the melt pouring temperature, mold preheating temperature, and pressurization speed were carefully tuned to ensure complete filling of the mold cavity and stable melt flow during cavity filling. This work demonstrates that it is feasible to produce large-sized and complex BMG components by casting, paving the way for the large-scale application of BMGs in various fields.
{"title":"Realizing casting formation of 100 mm complex structure Vit1 metallic glass component over hundreds of grams","authors":"Lunyong Zhang , Xiyuan Chen , Xiuzhang Li , Hongyan Kang , Xianxing Wang , Jinglong Mi , Chaojun Zhang , Ruishuai Gao , Zhishuai Jin , Guanyu Cao , Hongxian Shen , Jun Yi , Juntao Huo , Minzhen Ma , Fuyang Cao , Jianfei Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have not been applied in engineering despite their great potential over the past few decades. The size and structural limitations in the formation of BMG components remain a bottleneck, which continues to be a significant challenge. This work overcomes that bottleneck by utilizing the advantages of counter-gravity casting technology, optimizing the casting processes, and successfully forming a Vit1 BMG bracket component with an outer diameter of 100 mm and a weight of 462 g. The results show that copper molds are not suitable for achieving a cooling rate higher than the critical rate required for glass transition in the entire component. Additional water cooling on the mold is necessary to achieve a sufficiently high cooling rate. Based on this, the melt pouring temperature, mold preheating temperature, and pressurization speed were carefully tuned to ensure complete filling of the mold cavity and stable melt flow during cavity filling. This work demonstrates that it is feasible to produce large-sized and complex BMG components by casting, paving the way for the large-scale application of BMGs in various fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 123919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123917
Xiangyang Peng , Qing Du , Shuo Hou , Peipei Cao , Ziyi Li , Xianzhen Wang , Lihong Zhai , Guangyao Lu , Yuan Wu , Xiongjun Liu
Fe-based metallic glasses exhibit high strength and hardness, as well as excellent wear and corrosion resistance, demonstrating significant potential as protective coatings in energy and chemical industries. Among various coating-preparation methods, high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying is widely used due to its ability to achieve high amorphous content and dense coatings. Spraying conditions in the HVOF process, particularly the gun length, significantly affect the phases and microstructure of the coating. In this study, three Fe50.5Cr19Mo9Si1C12.5B8 amorphous coatings were prepared by varying the gun length. XRD, DSC, and SEM analyses were conducted to investigate differences in coating microstructure, phase distribution, and thermal stability. The evolution of bond strength and coating hardness was attributed to coating porosity and carbide content, both of which are influenced by superheating during the spraying process. This study provides guidance for optimizing the preparation of Fe-based amorphous coatings.
{"title":"Enhancing microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-based amorphous coatings via optimized HVOF processing","authors":"Xiangyang Peng , Qing Du , Shuo Hou , Peipei Cao , Ziyi Li , Xianzhen Wang , Lihong Zhai , Guangyao Lu , Yuan Wu , Xiongjun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fe-based metallic glasses exhibit high strength and hardness, as well as excellent wear and corrosion resistance, demonstrating significant potential as protective coatings in energy and chemical industries. Among various coating-preparation methods, high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying is widely used due to its ability to achieve high amorphous content and dense coatings. Spraying conditions in the HVOF process, particularly the gun length, significantly affect the phases and microstructure of the coating. In this study, three Fe<sub>50.5</sub>Cr<sub>19</sub>Mo<sub>9</sub>Si<sub>1</sub>C<sub>12.5</sub>B<sub>8</sub> amorphous coatings were prepared by varying the gun length. XRD, DSC, and SEM analyses were conducted to investigate differences in coating microstructure, phase distribution, and thermal stability. The evolution of bond strength and coating hardness was attributed to coating porosity and carbide content, both of which are influenced by superheating during the spraying process. This study provides guidance for optimizing the preparation of Fe-based amorphous coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 123917"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123902
Kai Wang , Guan Zhang , Xueru Fan , Dongmei Zhao , Lei Xie , Jianping Zhou , Yong Huang , Lei Che , Tiezhen Ren
This study designed and fabricated a new Ni40Zr28.5Ti16.5Al10Cu5-XSiX (X = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, denoted as Si0, Si0.5, Si1, Si1.5, and Si2, respectively) bulk metallic glass (BMGs). It systematically investigated the effects of trace Si addition on the microhardness, compressive mechanical properties, and serrated flow behavior of this Ni-based BMGs. Mechanical testing revealed that at the optimal Si content (X = 1.5 at. %), the Ni-based BMG achieved a microhardness of 860 HV1, along with a yield strength of 3154 MPa and a plastic strain of 13.9 %. Statistical analysis of stress drop data showed that their distribution exhibited a significant monotonically decreasing trend, conforming to a power-law distribution, suggesting the alloy was in a self-organized critical (SOC) state. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) characterization revealed that Si addition promoted the formation of icosahedral clusters and short-range order (SRO) structures. These structures act as pinning points, inducing branching and intersection of shear bands and effectively inhibiting their propagation, thereby significantly enhancing the plastic deformation capability of the alloy.
{"title":"Effect of Si addition on mechanical properties of Ni40Zr28.5Ti16.5Al10Cu5 bulk metallic glasses","authors":"Kai Wang , Guan Zhang , Xueru Fan , Dongmei Zhao , Lei Xie , Jianping Zhou , Yong Huang , Lei Che , Tiezhen Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study designed and fabricated a new Ni<sub>40</sub>Zr<sub>28.5</sub>Ti<sub>16.5</sub>Al<sub>10</sub>Cu<sub>5-X</sub>Si<sub>X</sub> (<em>X</em> = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, denoted as Si0, Si0.5, Si1, Si1.5, and Si2, respectively) bulk metallic glass (BMGs). It systematically investigated the effects of trace Si addition on the microhardness, compressive mechanical properties, and serrated flow behavior of this Ni-based BMGs. Mechanical testing revealed that at the optimal Si content (<em>X</em> = 1.5 at. %), the Ni-based BMG achieved a microhardness of 860 HV<sub>1</sub>, along with a yield strength of 3154 MPa and a plastic strain of 13.9 %. Statistical analysis of stress drop data showed that their distribution exhibited a significant monotonically decreasing trend, conforming to a power-law distribution, suggesting the alloy was in a self-organized critical (SOC) state. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) characterization revealed that Si addition promoted the formation of icosahedral clusters and short-range order (SRO) structures. These structures act as pinning points, inducing branching and intersection of shear bands and effectively inhibiting their propagation, thereby significantly enhancing the plastic deformation capability of the alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 123902"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123913
Changjian Wang , Yujie Liu , Xingze Chen , Xianping Fan , Xvsheng Qiao , Qun Luo , Hai Guo
Spectral conversion technology provides an effective way to solve the spectral mismatch of solar cells by harvesting extra photons out of the response region. In this work, an Eu2+-doped fluorochlorosilicate glass was developed as a spectral conversion material. A dual compositional tuning strategy, involving the adjustment of the Cl−/F− and Al2O3/La2O3 ratios, was employed to optimize the transmittance, luminescence, and mechanical properties. The optimized glass exhibits a high external quantum yield exceeding 50%, visible light transmittance over 90%, and improved mechanical robustness. When applied as a spectral conversion layer in organic solar cells (OSCs), the glass enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from a reference value of 12.88% to 13.63%, for a relative enhancement of approximately 5.5%. These results suggest that this glass is a promising spectral conversion material for improving the performance of OSCs.
{"title":"Eu2+-doped fluorochlorosilicate transparent spectral conversion glass","authors":"Changjian Wang , Yujie Liu , Xingze Chen , Xianping Fan , Xvsheng Qiao , Qun Luo , Hai Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spectral conversion technology provides an effective way to solve the spectral mismatch of solar cells by harvesting extra photons out of the response region. In this work, an Eu<sup>2+</sup>-doped fluorochlorosilicate glass was developed as a spectral conversion material. A dual compositional tuning strategy, involving the adjustment of the Cl<sup>−</sup>/<em>F</em><sup>−</sup> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ratios, was employed to optimize the transmittance, luminescence, and mechanical properties. The optimized glass exhibits a high external quantum yield exceeding 50%, visible light transmittance over 90%, and improved mechanical robustness. When applied as a spectral conversion layer in organic solar cells (OSCs), the glass enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from a reference value of 12.88% to 13.63%, for a relative enhancement of approximately 5.5%. These results suggest that this glass is a promising spectral conversion material for improving the performance of OSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 123913"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A soft magnetic amorphous alloy Co58Ni10Fe5B11Si16 was designed based on empirical rules using the analysis of thermodynamic and structural parameters. The alloys were produced by melt quenching on a rotating copper wheel in the form of ribbons, parameterized by rotation speeds of 18 m/s and 28 m/s. Investigations were conducted both in the as-quenched state and after high-temperature annealing using methods of differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometer. Comprehensive analysis revealed differences in the nature of structural ordering, properties, and the scenario of structural relaxation of Co58Ni10Fe5B11Si16 ribbons spun at different quenching rates.
{"title":"Effect of quenching rate and annealing time on the microstructure and soft magnetic properties of rapidly quenched Co58Ni10Fe5B11Si16 amorphous alloy","authors":"K.E. Pinchuk, V.V. Tkachev, G.S. Kraynova, A.M. Frolov, I.M. Sapovskii, T.R. Rakhmatullaev, V.S. Plotnikov","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A soft magnetic amorphous alloy Co<sub>58</sub>Ni<sub>10</sub>Fe<sub>5</sub>B<sub>11</sub>Si<sub>16</sub> was designed based on empirical rules using the analysis of thermodynamic and structural parameters. The alloys were produced by melt quenching on a rotating copper wheel in the form of ribbons, parameterized by rotation speeds of 18 m/s and 28 m/s. Investigations were conducted both in the as-quenched state and after high-temperature annealing using methods of differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometer. Comprehensive analysis revealed differences in the nature of structural ordering, properties, and the scenario of structural relaxation of Co<sub>58</sub>Ni<sub>10</sub>Fe<sub>5</sub>B<sub>11</sub>Si<sub>16</sub> ribbons spun at different quenching rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"674 ","pages":"Article 123918"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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