Pub Date : 2024-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123324
Gülin Demirok , Semin Atilgan , Hong Li
E-Glass fibers with and without boron have been widely used in commercial composite materials as a lightweight strong and durable reinforcement material. Previously, the Raman spectroscopic method has been successfully applied to study quaternary system MgO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 (MACS) without boron and the network structures derived from Raman analysis have been used to model various glass properties relevant for processing, and composite mechanical application. In this study, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared)—ATR (total attenuated reflectance was applied to study a set of new MCAS glasses with and without boron to explore the feasibility in the development of a statistical-based database, composition–structure-property (C-S-P), for new glass design by using ATR method. Should a glass developer not have access to a Raman spectrometer, results from the current study support the use of ATR methodology to develop the C-S-P database. Furthermore, as demonstrated from this study, the use of the ATR method also avoids the complication of IR hydroxyl band interference with the curve deconvolution analysis, which occurs from the use of KBr chemical as a carrier matrix for conducting FTIR measurement in a transmission mode.
{"title":"FTIR-ATR spectroscopic study and statistical modeling of composition-structure-property of MgO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 Glasses with and without Boron","authors":"Gülin Demirok , Semin Atilgan , Hong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>E-Glass fibers with and without boron have been widely used in commercial composite materials as a lightweight strong and durable reinforcement material. Previously, the Raman spectroscopic method has been successfully applied to study quaternary system MgO-CaO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> (MACS) without boron and the network structures derived from Raman analysis have been used to model various glass properties relevant for processing, and composite mechanical application. In this study, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared)—ATR (total attenuated reflectance was applied to study a set of new MCAS glasses with and without boron to explore the feasibility in the development of a statistical-based database, composition–structure-property (C-S-P), for new glass design by using ATR method. Should a glass developer not have access to a Raman spectrometer, results from the current study support the use of ATR methodology to develop the C-S-P database. Furthermore, as demonstrated from this study, the use of the ATR method also avoids the complication of IR hydroxyl band interference with the curve deconvolution analysis, which occurs from the use of KBr chemical as a carrier matrix for conducting FTIR measurement in a transmission mode.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"648 ","pages":"Article 123324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to improve the amorphous forming ability (AFA) of FeSiBPCu nanocrystalline alloys and simplify their industrial production process. We investigated the AFA and soft magnetic properties of a series of Fe85Si2B9P3Cu1-xCx (x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1) by substituting for Cu with C. The results show that the substitution method significantly reduces the preparation requirements for producing of amorphous alloys in the quenched state. By selecting an annealing of 480 °C for 330 s, which corresponds to the interval between the first and second crystallization temperatures, we achieved nanocrystalline phases with fine sizes. The annealed Fe85Si2B9P3Cu1-xCx alloy exhibits an increase in grain size and coercivity (Hc). Notably, the Fe85Si2B9P3Cu0.7C0.3 nanocrystalline ribbons with high saturation magnetization strength (Bs) of 1.8 T and low Hc of 9.8 A/m demonstrate excellent soft magnetic properties and low production process requirements, indicating significant potential applications.
本研究旨在提高 FeSiBPCu 纳米晶合金的非晶形成能力（AFA），并简化其工业化生产过程。我们研究了用 C 替代 C 的一系列 Fe85Si2B9P3Cu1-xCx （x = 0、0.3、0.5、0.7 和 1）的非晶形成能力和软磁特性。通过选择 480 °C 退火 330 秒（相当于第一和第二结晶温度之间的时间间隔），我们获得了具有细小尺寸的纳米晶相。退火后的 Fe85Si2B9P3Cu1-xCx 合金显示出晶粒尺寸和矫顽力（Hc）的增加。值得注意的是，Fe85Si2B9P3Cu0.7C0.3 纳米晶带具有 1.8 T 的高饱和磁化强度（Bs）和 9.8 A/m 的低 Hc，表现出优异的软磁特性和较低的生产工艺要求，具有巨大的应用潜力。
{"title":"Improving the amorphous forming ability of FeSiBPCu nanocrystalline alloys by substituting Cu with C","authors":"Jiarui Hu, Siqian Bao, Yuanyao Cheng, Chen Liu, Yin Zhao, Yuxin Liu, Jiaqi Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to improve the amorphous forming ability (AFA) of FeSiBPCu nanocrystalline alloys and simplify their industrial production process. We investigated the AFA and soft magnetic properties of a series of Fe<sub>85</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>B<sub>9</sub>P<sub>3</sub>Cu<sub>1-x</sub>C<sub>x</sub> (<em>x</em> = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1) by substituting for Cu with C. The results show that the substitution method significantly reduces the preparation requirements for producing of amorphous alloys in the quenched state. By selecting an annealing of 480 °C for 330 s, which corresponds to the interval between the first and second crystallization temperatures, we achieved nanocrystalline phases with fine sizes. The annealed Fe<sub>85</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>B<sub>9</sub>P<sub>3</sub>Cu<sub>1-x</sub>C<sub>x</sub> alloy exhibits an increase in grain size and coercivity (H<sub>c</sub>). Notably, the Fe<sub>85</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>B<sub>9</sub>P<sub>3</sub>Cu<sub>0.7</sub>C<sub>0.3</sub> nanocrystalline ribbons with high saturation magnetization strength (B<sub>s</sub>) of 1.8 T and low H<sub>c</sub> of 9.8 A/m demonstrate excellent soft magnetic properties and low production process requirements, indicating significant potential applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"648 ","pages":"Article 123313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123310
Jianlu Zheng , Xiangdong Xing , Wenguo Liu , Zhuogang Pang , Rijun Hu , Qingguo Xue , Jingsong Wang , Haibin Zuo
Understanding the physical and chemical characteristics of fluorine-containing blast furnace slag is crucial for using fluorine-bearing ores in blast furnace melting. This paper comprehensively analyzes the effects of CaF2 on the viscous flow characteristics and structural changes of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-CaF2 blast furnace slag at 1773K. Viscosity measurement results suggest that a higher concentration of CaF2 contributes to a reduction in slag viscosity. Increasing the CaF2 content consistently decreases the viscosity of the slag, though the magnitude of this effect diminishes with higher CaF2 levels. FT-IR shows changes in structure: the diminishing intensity of the [SiO4]-tetrahedral vibration band and the T-O-T bond strength, shallowing of the groove depth. Besides, a slight narrowing of the shoulder width of the [AlO4]-tetrahedral structure, but the change is insignificant. Raman results indicate a depolymerization of Si-based structural units. As the CaF2 content increases from 0 % to 4 %, there is a rise in simpler Q0 and Q1 structural units and a reduction in more complex Q2 units. The Q3 structural units show a decreasing trend, without significant change upon further increase. The ratio of non-bridging oxygen to silicon (NBO/Si) increases from 1.95 to 2.28 with the addition of CaF2, suggesting a lower level of slag polymerization. Fluorine ion serves as a network modifier within the slag structure. XPS results show a decline in the relative concentration of bridging oxygen, whereas the relative concentrations of NBO and free oxygen increase. Finally, 27Al MAS NMR reveals that adding CaF2 reduces the proportion of [AlO4] and raises the proportion of [AlO5] and [AlO3F] units.
{"title":"An integrate study of the effects of CaF2 on the viscous behavior and structure of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-CaF2 blast-furnace slag","authors":"Jianlu Zheng , Xiangdong Xing , Wenguo Liu , Zhuogang Pang , Rijun Hu , Qingguo Xue , Jingsong Wang , Haibin Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the physical and chemical characteristics of fluorine-containing blast furnace slag is crucial for using fluorine-bearing ores in blast furnace melting. This paper comprehensively analyzes the effects of CaF<sub>2</sub> on the viscous flow characteristics and structural changes of CaO-SiO<sub>2</sub>-MgO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CaF<sub>2</sub> blast furnace slag at 1773K. Viscosity measurement results suggest that a higher concentration of CaF<sub>2</sub> contributes to a reduction in slag viscosity. Increasing the CaF<sub>2</sub> content consistently decreases the viscosity of the slag, though the magnitude of this effect diminishes with higher CaF<sub>2</sub> levels. FT-IR shows changes in structure: the diminishing intensity of the [SiO<sub>4</sub>]-tetrahedral vibration band and the T-O-T bond strength, shallowing of the groove depth. Besides, a slight narrowing of the shoulder width of the [AlO<sub>4</sub>]-tetrahedral structure, but the change is insignificant. Raman results indicate a depolymerization of Si-based structural units. As the CaF<sub>2</sub> content increases from 0 % to 4 %, there is a rise in simpler Q<sup>0</sup> and Q<sup>1</sup> structural units and a reduction in more complex Q<sup>2</sup> units. The Q<sup>3</sup> structural units show a decreasing trend, without significant change upon further increase. The ratio of non-bridging oxygen to silicon (NBO/Si) increases from 1.95 to 2.28 with the addition of CaF<sub>2</sub>, suggesting a lower level of slag polymerization. Fluorine ion serves as a network modifier within the slag structure. XPS results show a decline in the relative concentration of bridging oxygen, whereas the relative concentrations of NBO and free oxygen increase. Finally, <sup>27</sup>Al MAS NMR reveals that adding CaF<sub>2</sub> reduces the proportion of [AlO<sub>4</sub>] and raises the proportion of [AlO<sub>5</sub>] and [AlO<sub>3</sub>F] units.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"648 ","pages":"Article 123310"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123304
Santosh Kumar , K. Singh , Devender Kumar
Waste front windscreen glasses of cars are recycled to study their feasibility for reuse in automobiles. The waste glasses are remelted at 1550 C using 1 mol% of BO, NaCl, KCl, and PO as additives. The remelted glasses are characterised and tested using the Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Vicker’s microhardness tester, respectively. The addition of additives modified the glasses by changing the silicate structural units. These modifications lead to an increase in density and a decrease in molar volume compared to the glass without the above additives, recycled glass (RB7). The optical band gap of all the recycled glass falls within the insulating range of 3.43-3.54 eV, with a hardness range of 4.29-5.74 GPa. The PO contained recycled glasses that exhibited similar properties to those observed for pristine windscreen glasses. This approach finds a way to reuse windscreen glasses for automobiles with a decreased carbon footprint.
{"title":"A comprehensive study on tunable structural, optical and mechanical properties of recycled windscreen glasses","authors":"Santosh Kumar , K. Singh , Devender Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waste front windscreen glasses of cars are recycled to study their feasibility for reuse in automobiles. The waste glasses are remelted at 1550<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> C using 1 mol% of B<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, NaCl, KCl, and P<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> as additives. The remelted glasses are characterised and tested using the Fourier transform infrared, Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Vicker’s microhardness tester, respectively. The addition of additives modified the glasses by changing the silicate structural units. These modifications lead to an increase in density and a decrease in molar volume compared to the glass without the above additives, recycled glass (RB7). The optical band gap of all the recycled glass falls within the insulating range of 3.43-3.54 eV, with a hardness range of 4.29-5.74 GPa. The P<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>O<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> contained recycled glasses that exhibited similar properties to those observed for pristine windscreen glasses. This approach finds a way to reuse windscreen glasses for automobiles with a decreased carbon footprint.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"648 ","pages":"Article 123304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123306
Qiannan Li , Baoxing Xiong , Ziyi Ge , Xiang Zhang , Xiao Yuan
At present, volume Bragg grating (VBG) is the core devices in the field of precision optical field modulation, and their performance is mainly influenced by the substrate photothermal refractive (PTR) glass. The liquid phase separation (LLPS) behavior occurring in the base glass can lead to unnecessary scattering losses and have adverse effects on the engineering applications of VBG. In recent years, many glass scientists have conducted research on the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of glass, believing that the structure of glass phase separation is related to the composition of the glass. This study used high-temperature melting method to prepare Na-Zn-Al-Si PTR glass doped with Ag, Ce, Sn and other elements through two-step heat treatment. In this experiment, the influence mechanism of ZnO on the LLPS of PTR glasses was investigated by controlling the doping amount of ZnO. Modern analysis techniques were used to investigate the mechanism of ZnO on the LLPS, the results confirm that no crystal phase is generated during the glass phase separation in this work, and doping 4 mol% ZnO is beneficial for suppressing the LLPS of PTR glasses. In addition, the introduction of Na2O by using NaNO3 can avoid the generation of Ag2O and Ag2CO3 impurities, which is conducive to the precipitation of NaF grains.
{"title":"Influence of ZnO content on liquid-liquid phase separation in photothermal refractive glass","authors":"Qiannan Li , Baoxing Xiong , Ziyi Ge , Xiang Zhang , Xiao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At present, volume Bragg grating (VBG) is the core devices in the field of precision optical field modulation, and their performance is mainly influenced by the substrate photothermal refractive (PTR) glass. The liquid phase separation (LLPS) behavior occurring in the base glass can lead to unnecessary scattering losses and have adverse effects on the engineering applications of VBG. In recent years, many glass scientists have conducted research on the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of glass, believing that the structure of glass phase separation is related to the composition of the glass. This study used high-temperature melting method to prepare Na-Zn-Al-Si PTR glass doped with Ag, Ce, Sn and other elements through two-step heat treatment. In this experiment, the influence mechanism of ZnO on the LLPS of PTR glasses was investigated by controlling the doping amount of ZnO. Modern analysis techniques were used to investigate the mechanism of ZnO on the LLPS, the results confirm that no crystal phase is generated during the glass phase separation in this work, and doping 4 mol% ZnO is beneficial for suppressing the LLPS of PTR glasses. In addition, the introduction of Na<sub>2</sub>O by using NaNO<sub>3</sub> can avoid the generation of Ag<sub>2</sub>O and Ag<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> impurities, which is conducive to the precipitation of NaF grains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"648 ","pages":"Article 123306"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123312
Jiyu Qiu , Wenjie Li , Chengjun Liu , Maofa Jiang
The phase diagram of CaO-Al2O3-Ti2O3 system has significant implications for the metallurgical slag design of Al-Ti alloy steel. In this work, the high-temperature equilibrium experiments were conducted at 1500 °C and 1600 °C in C/CO equilibrium atmosphere, respectively. The types and compositions of the equilibrium phases were determined by Electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The isothermal section of CaO-Al2O3-Ti2O3 system in the low w(TiOx) region at 1500 °C was constructed for the first time, in which there are 6 three-phase fields, 7 two-phase fields, and a liquid phase field. The isothermal section of CaO-Al2O3-Ti2O3 system in the low w(TiOx) region at 1600 °C was constructed and revised, including 3 three-phase fields, 6 two-phase fields, and a liquid phase field. Additionally, under the current experimental condition, the reasons for the formation of TiC in the high w(TiOx) region of this slag system were analyzed, further discussing the effect of carbon on the phase equilibria of CaO-Al2O3-Ti2O3 system.
{"title":"Phase equilibria of CaO-Al2O3-Ti2O3 system at 1500 °C and 1600 °C in C/CO equilibrium atmosphere","authors":"Jiyu Qiu , Wenjie Li , Chengjun Liu , Maofa Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phase diagram of CaO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> system has significant implications for the metallurgical slag design of Al-Ti alloy steel. In this work, the high-temperature equilibrium experiments were conducted at 1500 °C and 1600 °C in C/CO equilibrium atmosphere, respectively. The types and compositions of the equilibrium phases were determined by Electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The isothermal section of CaO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> system in the low <em>w</em>(TiO<em><sub>x</sub></em>) region at 1500 °C was constructed for the first time, in which there are 6 three-phase fields, 7 two-phase fields, and a liquid phase field. The isothermal section of CaO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> system in the low <em>w</em>(TiO<em><sub>x</sub></em>) region at 1600 °C was constructed and revised, including 3 three-phase fields, 6 two-phase fields, and a liquid phase field. Additionally, under the current experimental condition, the reasons for the formation of TiC in the high <em>w</em>(TiO<em><sub>x</sub></em>) region of this slag system were analyzed, further discussing the effect of carbon on the phase equilibria of CaO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"648 ","pages":"Article 123312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using the melt quenching technique, a number of [(TeO₂)₇₀(B₂O₃)₃₀]₇₀(ZnO)₃₀₋ₓ(Gd₂O₃)ₓ glasses were created. The amorphous nature of the glasses was substantiated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the existence of GdO₃ nanoparticles was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Key vibrational groups were identified by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy: TeO₃, TeO₄, BO₃, and BO₄. The formation of TeO₄ units improved the radiation shielding capabilities of the glasses, especially in TBZG5, which showed superior photon absorption owing to the presence of large Gd³⁺ ions and lone pair electrons. Specifically, the Gd₂O₃ NP-doped glasses showed reverse saturable absorption and self-focusing behaviour with nonlinear absorption coefficients ranging from 0.660 to 0.729 cm/GW. These glasses also showed increasing nonlinear refractive indices coupled with decreasing overall refractive indices.
{"title":"Influence of gadolinium nanoparticle doped zinc boro tellurite glass system for potential radiation shielding and optical switching application.","authors":"S.N. Nazrin , Doha Jouay , Badreddine Lahrach , Mongi Amami , Halimah Badioze Zaman","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using the melt quenching technique, a number of [(TeO₂)₇₀(B₂O₃)₃₀]₇₀(ZnO)₃₀₋ₓ(Gd₂O₃)ₓ glasses were created. The amorphous nature of the glasses was substantiated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the existence of GdO₃ nanoparticles was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Key vibrational groups were identified by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy: TeO₃, TeO₄, BO₃, and BO₄. The formation of TeO₄ units improved the radiation shielding capabilities of the glasses, especially in TBZG5, which showed superior photon absorption owing to the presence of large Gd³⁺ ions and lone pair electrons. Specifically, the Gd₂O₃ NP-doped glasses showed reverse saturable absorption and self-focusing behaviour with nonlinear absorption coefficients ranging from 0.660 to 0.729 cm/GW. These glasses also showed increasing nonlinear refractive indices coupled with decreasing overall refractive indices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"648 ","pages":"Article 123307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123309
Huali Liu , Shiquan Liu , Junfeng Kang , Yunlong Yue , Xuchuan Jiang
Enhanced chemical stability and reduced glass transition temperature are surely desirable for the low-melting sealing glasses. An elusive trade-off between the glass transition temperature and chemical durability in the phosphate glass systems, however, greatly limits the applications of low-melting sealing glasses. In this work, the co-improvements of chemical stability and glass transition temperature are achieved in the xLi2O-(25-x)Na2O-17CaO-58P2O5 glass system (0 ≤ x ≤ 20 mol%) via a mixed-alkali effect, and this effect on the glasses structures, thermal properties and chemical stability were systematically investigated. The FTIR, Raman and XPS spectra showed that the replacement of Na2O with Li2O will enhance and cross-link the glassy network. Particularly, the significantly reduced glass transition temperature (Tg∼331 °C) and softening temperature (Ts∼366 °C) were achieved in the glass with an optimized 10 mol% substitution of Li2O, demonstrating a great potential of such the mixed-alkali-modulated glasses in the low-temperature sealing applications.
{"title":"Co-improvements of chemical stability and glass transition temperature via a mixed alkali effect in low-melting Li2O-Na2O-CaO-P2O5 sealing glasses","authors":"Huali Liu , Shiquan Liu , Junfeng Kang , Yunlong Yue , Xuchuan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhanced chemical stability and reduced glass transition temperature are surely desirable for the low-melting sealing glasses. An elusive trade-off between the glass transition temperature and chemical durability in the phosphate glass systems, however, greatly limits the applications of low-melting sealing glasses. In this work, the co-improvements of chemical stability and glass transition temperature are achieved in the <em>x</em>Li<sub>2</sub>O-(25-<em>x</em>)Na<sub>2</sub>O-17CaO-58P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> glass system (0 ≤ <em>x</em> ≤ 20 mol%) via a mixed-alkali effect, and this effect on the glasses structures, thermal properties and chemical stability were systematically investigated. The FTIR, Raman and XPS spectra showed that the replacement of Na<sub>2</sub>O with Li<sub>2</sub>O will enhance and cross-link the glassy network. Particularly, the significantly reduced glass transition temperature (<em>T</em><sub>g</sub>∼331 °C) and softening temperature (<em>T</em><sub>s</sub>∼366 °C) were achieved in the glass with an optimized 10 mol% substitution of Li<sub>2</sub>O, demonstrating a great potential of such the mixed-alkali-modulated glasses in the low-temperature sealing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"648 ","pages":"Article 123309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CuCl2 substituted bismuth borate tellurite glasses were examined for electrical conductivity at frequencies between 10−1 Hz and 106 Hz and temperatures between 463 K and 563K. The Almond West law used for fitting experimental data of ac conductivity, and determining cross-over frequency (ωH), frequency exponent (s), and dc conductivity (σdc). Depending on the glass composition, ac conduction process was modeled using correlated barrier hopping and non-overlapping small polaron tunneling. The imaginary component of the electric modulus included in the experimental data fitted by non-exponential Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts. Impedance examination reveals minimization of mixed former effect on electric charge transport at low frequencies in studies glasses. For x = 20, conduction occurs due to charge carriers (Cu2+ ions/polarons). An excellent match is found between the Nyquist plots and equivalent circuit models. There is good agreement between the estimated activation energy from conductivity EC (0.82–1.13 eV), electric modulus ER (0.81–1.12 eV), and impedance EZ (0.82–1.15 eV) analyses.
对 CuCl2 取代的铋硼酸盐碲玻璃在 10-1 Hz 至 106 Hz 频率和 463 K 至 563 K 温度范围内的导电性进行了研究。阿尔蒙德-韦斯特定律用于拟合交流电导率的实验数据，并确定交叉频率 (ωH)、频率指数 (s) 和直流电导率 (σdc)。根据玻璃成分的不同，利用相关势垒跳变和非重叠小极子隧道来模拟交流传导过程。实验数据中包含的电模量虚分量由非指数 Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts 拟合。阻抗检查显示，在研究玻璃中，混合前效应对低频电荷传输的影响最小。当 x = 20 时，传导是由电荷载流子（Cu2+ 离子/极子）引起的。奈奎斯特图和等效电路模型之间的匹配非常好。电导率 EC（0.82-1.13 eV）、电模量 ER（0.81-1.12 eV）和阻抗 EZ（0.82-1.15 eV）分析得出的估计活化能之间存在良好的一致性。
{"title":"Study of electric transport and impedance analysis in copper chloride modified bismuth boro-tellurite glasses","authors":"Komal Poria , Sunil Dhankhar , Rajesh Parmar , R.S. Kundu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CuCl<sub>2</sub> substituted bismuth borate tellurite glasses were examined for electrical conductivity at frequencies between 10<sup>−1</sup> Hz and 10<sup>6</sup> Hz and temperatures between 463 K and 563K. The Almond West law used for fitting experimental data of ac conductivity, and determining cross-over frequency (ω<sub>H</sub>), frequency exponent (s), and dc conductivity (σ<sub>dc</sub>). Depending on the glass composition, ac conduction process was modeled using correlated barrier hopping and non-overlapping small polaron tunneling. The imaginary component of the electric modulus included in the experimental data fitted by non-exponential Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts. Impedance examination reveals minimization of mixed former effect on electric charge transport at low frequencies in studies glasses. For <em>x</em> = 20, conduction occurs due to charge carriers (Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions/polarons). An excellent match is found between the Nyquist plots and equivalent circuit models. There is good agreement between the estimated activation energy from conductivity E<sub>C</sub> (0.82–1.13 eV), electric modulus E<sub>R</sub> (0.81–1.12 eV), and impedance E<sub>Z</sub> (0.82–1.15 eV) analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"648 ","pages":"Article 123301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123302
Qing-Yuan Han , Xiong-Yu Xi , Yixuan Ma , Xungai Wang , Dan Xing , Peng-Cheng Ma
Basalt fiber is a high-performance fiber made from natural basalt ore by high-temperature melting and filament-forming. The viscosity of basalt melt plays crucial role in regulating melting process and enhancing properties of formed fiber. Here, a dataset of oxide composition in basalt, temperature, and corresponding melt viscosity was collected from reported papers and self-tested samples. By using data-driven and interpretable machine learning technique, two models of Random Forest and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree were established. Both models could learn the dataset and predicted the melt viscosity from the input oxide composition and temperature. A Shapley additive interpretation was conducted on built models, which led to an understanding of significance and pattern of various oxide compositions that impact viscosity. Based on these findings, a prediction on temperature parameters for ore melting and filament-forming was achieved, and continuous basalt fibers were obtained on a fiber spinning facility by using self-tested samples.
{"title":"Predicting the viscosity of basalt melt by data-driven and interpretable machine learning","authors":"Qing-Yuan Han , Xiong-Yu Xi , Yixuan Ma , Xungai Wang , Dan Xing , Peng-Cheng Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2024.123302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Basalt fiber is a high-performance fiber made from natural basalt ore by high-temperature melting and filament-forming. The viscosity of basalt melt plays crucial role in regulating melting process and enhancing properties of formed fiber. Here, a dataset of oxide composition in basalt, temperature, and corresponding melt viscosity was collected from reported papers and self-tested samples. By using data-driven and interpretable machine learning technique, two models of Random Forest and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree were established. Both models could learn the dataset and predicted the melt viscosity from the input oxide composition and temperature. A Shapley additive interpretation was conducted on built models, which led to an understanding of significance and pattern of various oxide compositions that impact viscosity. Based on these findings, a prediction on temperature parameters for ore melting and filament-forming was achieved, and continuous basalt fibers were obtained on a fiber spinning facility by using self-tested samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"648 ","pages":"Article 123302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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