Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123838
Zhongwei Pei , Hangboce Yin , Songhao Shao , Yan Zhang , Meng Gao , Lijian Song , Wei Xu , Yu Tong , Xiao Jin , Jun Xu , Mingliang Xiang , Jun-Qiang Wang , Juntao Huo
Amorphous high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with rare-earth elements offer great potential for low-temperature magnetic refrigeration. In this study, Gd36RE20Ni20Al24 (RE = Dy, Ho, Er) amorphous HEAs were systematically investigated. The alloys exhibit fully amorphous structures and spin-glass states, with Curie temperatures tunable from 40 to 50 K, proportional to the de Gennes factor of the substituted rare-earth element. Magnetic measurements reveal relatively large magnetocaloric properties, with peak value of magnetic entropy changes of 7.79, 8.75, and 8.55 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ for RE = Dy, Ho, and Er, respectively, under a magnetic field change of 5 T. The corresponding refrigerant capacities reach 470, 528, and 492 J kg⁻¹. The broad working temperature spans are attributed to the atomic disorder, chemical disorder, and spin-glass state of these alloys. These results demonstrate that the designed rare-earth-containing amorphous HEAs are promising candidates for magnetic refrigerants in the 20–77 K range, particularly for hydrogen liquefaction applications.
{"title":"The magnetocaloric properties of Gd36RE20Ni20Al24 (RE = Dy, Ho, Er) amorphous high-entropy alloys for hydrogen liquefaction application","authors":"Zhongwei Pei , Hangboce Yin , Songhao Shao , Yan Zhang , Meng Gao , Lijian Song , Wei Xu , Yu Tong , Xiao Jin , Jun Xu , Mingliang Xiang , Jun-Qiang Wang , Juntao Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amorphous high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with rare-earth elements offer great potential for low-temperature magnetic refrigeration. In this study, Gd<sub>36</sub>RE<sub>20</sub>Ni<sub>20</sub>Al<sub>24</sub> (RE = Dy, Ho, Er) amorphous HEAs were systematically investigated. The alloys exhibit fully amorphous structures and spin-glass states, with Curie temperatures tunable from 40 to 50 K, proportional to the de Gennes factor of the substituted rare-earth element. Magnetic measurements reveal relatively large magnetocaloric properties, with peak value of magnetic entropy changes of 7.79, 8.75, and 8.55 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ for RE = Dy, Ho, and Er, respectively, under a magnetic field change of 5 T. The corresponding refrigerant capacities reach 470, 528, and 492 J kg⁻¹. The broad working temperature spans are attributed to the atomic disorder, chemical disorder, and spin-glass state of these alloys. These results demonstrate that the designed rare-earth-containing amorphous HEAs are promising candidates for magnetic refrigerants in the 20–77 K range, particularly for hydrogen liquefaction applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"671 ","pages":"Article 123838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A comparison between the thermal conductivities () determined using quasi-classical molecular dynamics and classical molecular dynamics for 33.3Na2O–66.7SiO2 (mol%) shows that we can neglect the quantum effect when the temperature exceeds 1100 K. At 1200 K, we identified a linear relationship between and sound velocity(v) in R2O–SiO2 (R: Li, Na, K), despite that the density (ρ), specific heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp), and mean free path (MFP, l) depend on the composition and contribute to thermal conductivity through = 1/3ρCpvl. Furthermore, for the R’O–SiO2(R’: Ca, Sr) system at 1200 K, as a function of v does not conform to the line of R2O–SiO2, which is attributed to the shorter MFP (l) of R’O–SiO2 than that of R2O–SiO2. This is counterintuitive because the O–R’–O bond would preferably act as a bridge between the two non-bridging oxygens for phonon transport.
{"title":"Anomalies in thermal conductivity and phonon mean free path in alkali and alkaline earth metal silicate melts: Quasi-classical and classical molecular dynamics study","authors":"Masahiro Shimizu , Yuma Noguchi , Sohei Sukenaga , Rie Endo , Tsuyoshi Nishi , Yasuhiko Shimotsuma , Kiyotaka Miura","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comparison between the thermal conductivities (<span><math><mi>κ</mi></math></span>) determined using quasi-classical molecular dynamics and classical molecular dynamics for 33.3Na<sub>2</sub>O–66.7SiO<sub>2</sub> (mol%) shows that we can neglect the quantum effect when the temperature exceeds 1100 K. At 1200 K, we identified a linear relationship between <span><math><mi>κ</mi></math></span> and sound velocity(<em>v</em>) in R<sub>2</sub>O–SiO<sub>2</sub> (R: Li, Na, K), despite that the density (<em>ρ</em>), specific heat capacity at constant pressure (<em>C<sub>p</sub></em>), and mean free path (MFP, <em>l</em>) depend on the composition and contribute to thermal conductivity through <span><math><mi>κ</mi></math></span> = 1/3<em>ρC<sub>p</sub>vl</em>. Furthermore, for the R’O–SiO<sub>2</sub>(R’: Ca, Sr) system at 1200 K, <span><math><mi>κ</mi></math></span> as a function of <em>v</em> does not conform to the line of R<sub>2</sub>O–SiO<sub>2</sub>, which is attributed to the shorter MFP (<em>l</em>) of R’O–SiO<sub>2</sub> than that of R<sub>2</sub>O–SiO<sub>2</sub>. This is counterintuitive because the O–R’–O bond would preferably act as a bridge between the two non-bridging oxygens for phonon transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"671 ","pages":"Article 123831"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123833
Jie Fu , Kang Yao , Xintao Yu , Haixiang Zhang , Shenghong Shi , Shiquan Liu
The fining process of borosilicate glass melts with the sole addition of TiO2 or the coaddition of TiO2 with CeO2 were recorded and compared. The results suggested the fining process was generally shortened with the increase of TiO2. This effect became obvious only when the content of TiO2 reached 4 wt% in the batches. The X-ray photoelectron and photoluminescence spectroscopic measurements evidenced the existence of Ti3+ in the glass, which suggested the reduction of the added Ti4+. However, the contribution of TiO2 to the fining process was mainly due to its depolymerization effect on the borosilicate glass structure. It was shown that the addition of 4 wt% of TiO2, which acted as a glass modifier, greatly increased the non-bridging oxygen in the glass network and decreased the glass viscosity. In addition, it was found that when small amounts of TiO2 (2∼3 wt%) were co-added with CeO2, the redox reaction between Ce4+/Ce3+ and Ti4+/Ti3+ redox pairs occurred within their equal molar concentrations, and the addition of TiO2 at such dosages weakened the fining performance of CeO2, due to the suppressed reduction of Ce4+ to Ce3+ by the added Ti4+.
{"title":"How did TiO2 influence the fining process of borosilicate glass melts: Phenomena and mechanism analysis","authors":"Jie Fu , Kang Yao , Xintao Yu , Haixiang Zhang , Shenghong Shi , Shiquan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fining process of borosilicate glass melts with the sole addition of TiO<sub>2</sub> or the coaddition of TiO<sub>2</sub> with CeO<sub>2</sub> were recorded and compared. The results suggested the fining process was generally shortened with the increase of TiO<sub>2</sub>. This effect became obvious only when the content of TiO<sub>2</sub> reached 4 wt% in the batches. The X-ray photoelectron and photoluminescence spectroscopic measurements evidenced the existence of Ti<sup>3+</sup> in the glass, which suggested the reduction of the added Ti<sup>4+</sup>. However, the contribution of TiO<sub>2</sub> to the fining process was mainly due to its depolymerization effect on the borosilicate glass structure. It was shown that the addition of 4 wt% of TiO<sub>2</sub>, which acted as a glass modifier, greatly increased the non-bridging oxygen in the glass network and decreased the glass viscosity. In addition, it was found that when small amounts of TiO<sub>2</sub> (2∼3 wt%) were co-added with CeO<sub>2</sub>, the redox reaction between Ce<sup>4+</sup>/Ce<sup>3+</sup> and Ti<sup>4+</sup>/Ti<sup>3+</sup> redox pairs occurred within their equal molar concentrations, and the addition of TiO<sub>2</sub> at such dosages weakened the fining performance of CeO<sub>2</sub>, due to the suppressed reduction of Ce<sup>4+</sup> to Ce<sup>3+</sup> by the added Ti<sup>4+</sup>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"670 ","pages":"Article 123833"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123839
Frizka Vietanti , Sudharshan PG , Yu-Jen Chou
Silica-based mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) has attracted significant attention due to its excellent bioactivity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, making it highly suitable for biomedical applications, particularly as scaffolds for tissue engineering. However, its limited antibacterial and mechanical properties remain major drawbacks. In this study, these limitations were achieved by incorporating nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) into 76S MBG. The results demonstrated that the addition of N-rGO (up to 3 wt%) could enhance both the elastic modulus and hardness by approximately 11.33 GPa and 0.06 GPa, respectively, as confirmed by nanoindentation, while maintaining adequate cytocompatibility (>79.52 % cell viability). Furthermore, increasing the N-rGO content led to progressively higher antibacterial activity against E. coli. However, in vitro bioactivity decreased with increasing N-rGO content after 14 days of immersion in SBF, likely due to a reduction in surface area and pore volume. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxicity assays indicated that higher N-rGO loading reduced the viability of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells.
{"title":"Initial assessment of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide-enhanced 76S mesoporous bioactive glass: structural, mechanical, and biological analysis","authors":"Frizka Vietanti , Sudharshan PG , Yu-Jen Chou","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silica-based mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) has attracted significant attention due to its excellent bioactivity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, making it highly suitable for biomedical applications, particularly as scaffolds for tissue engineering. However, its limited antibacterial and mechanical properties remain major drawbacks. In this study, these limitations were achieved by incorporating nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) into 76S MBG. The results demonstrated that the addition of N-rGO (up to 3 wt%) could enhance both the elastic modulus and hardness by approximately 11.33 GPa and 0.06 GPa, respectively, as confirmed by nanoindentation, while maintaining adequate cytocompatibility (<strong>></strong>79.52 % cell viability). Furthermore, increasing the N-rGO content led to progressively higher antibacterial activity against <em>E. coli</em>. However, <em>in vitro</em> bioactivity decreased with increasing N-rGO content after 14 days of immersion in SBF, likely due to a reduction in surface area and pore volume. Furthermore, <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxicity assays indicated that higher N-rGO loading reduced the viability of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"670 ","pages":"Article 123839"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123829
Ran Gao , Zengyou Liang , Chaohui Tong , Xiaojian Wang , Jiarui Luo
Tempered glass is a critical material in protection engineering. Its anti-penetration performance and dynamic damage mechanism have significant theoretical value in designing safety protection devices. The penetration response characteristics of tempered glass are investigated by numerical simulations of peridynamics and dynamic tests. The ballistic limit velocities of the three thicknesses of tempered glass target plates are obtained by multi-velocity penetration tests, and the crack propagation laws under dynamic loads are revealed based on the crack morphology characteristics. The results show that the penetration velocity of fragments and the thickness of the target plate influence the crack initiation, evolution, and damage mode of tempered glass by regulating the stress wave propagation mechanism. At the same time, the THOR equation is established under the normal penetration condition, as determined by the least squares method. This equation can calculate the residual velocity and the ballistic limit velocity of penetrating a tempered glass target plate. The tempered glass damage prediction model is established based on the energy dissipation theory, enabling a quantitative analysis of damage outcomes. The relative error between the model's predictions and the results of test and numerical simulations is ≤ 15.12 %. These results provide both validated theoretical and data support for glass design and material damage assessment.
{"title":"Crack propagation and damage prediction in tempered glass based on Peridynamics","authors":"Ran Gao , Zengyou Liang , Chaohui Tong , Xiaojian Wang , Jiarui Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tempered glass is a critical material in protection engineering. Its anti-penetration performance and dynamic damage mechanism have significant theoretical value in designing safety protection devices. The penetration response characteristics of tempered glass are investigated by numerical simulations of peridynamics and dynamic tests. The ballistic limit velocities of the three thicknesses of tempered glass target plates are obtained by multi-velocity penetration tests, and the crack propagation laws under dynamic loads are revealed based on the crack morphology characteristics. The results show that the penetration velocity of fragments and the thickness of the target plate influence the crack initiation, evolution, and damage mode of tempered glass by regulating the stress wave propagation mechanism. At the same time, the THOR equation is established under the normal penetration condition, as determined by the least squares method. This equation can calculate the residual velocity and the ballistic limit velocity of penetrating a tempered glass target plate. The tempered glass damage prediction model is established based on the energy dissipation theory, enabling a quantitative analysis of damage outcomes. The relative error between the model's predictions and the results of test and numerical simulations is ≤ 15.12 %. These results provide both validated theoretical and data support for glass design and material damage assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"670 ","pages":"Article 123829"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123828
Jianwei Hu , Haoliang Wang , Chengliang Zhao , Fang Wang , Chuntao Chang , Qiang Li
Measuring stress distribution in disordered systems is challenging due to the lack of common lattice structures. Although widely studied, the issue remains unresolved, particularly given the stress sensitivity of soft magnetic amorphous alloys. Observing that coercivity is high in the quenched state and decreases after heat treatment, this study investigates the amorphous ribbon (Fe0.7Co0.25Ni0.05)76 Mo3.5P10C4B4Si2, analyzing its two-dimensional strain field under different heat treatments macroscopically using digital image correlation technology (DIC) and characterizing its residual stress microscopically using focused ion beam combined with digital image correlation (FIB-DIC). Experimental results show that after optimal annealing, the edge region of the quenched amorphous alloy strip exhibits significant tensile and compressive strain areas, covering approximately 2 % of the total area. The main strain relaxation value after optimal annealing, upon returning to room temperature, is 4.87 × 10–4, with a difference of approximately 2 × 10–6 between the two optimal annealing treatments. This indicates that the main strain of the amorphous strip relaxes to saturation after optimal annealing, and the residual stress release is approximately 400 MPa. The average residual stress measured from five ring cores milled in the quenched and optimal annealing states of the amorphous strip is -2525 MPa and -1343 MPa, respectively. After optimal annealing, the residual stress in the central region of the strip is released by 72.4 %, whereas the edge region can only release 28.8 % due to stress concentration. The micro residual stress release value of amorphous alloy is approximately 368 MPa, which is roughly consistent with the macro value of 400 MPa.
{"title":"Residual stress evaluation of Fe-based amorphous alloy via optical and FIB milled digital image correlation analysis","authors":"Jianwei Hu , Haoliang Wang , Chengliang Zhao , Fang Wang , Chuntao Chang , Qiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Measuring stress distribution in disordered systems is challenging due to the lack of common lattice structures. Although widely studied, the issue remains unresolved, particularly given the stress sensitivity of soft magnetic amorphous alloys. Observing that coercivity is high in the quenched state and decreases after heat treatment, this study investigates the amorphous ribbon (Fe<sub>0.7</sub>Co<sub>0.25</sub>Ni<sub>0.05</sub>)<sub>76</sub> Mo<sub>3.5</sub>P<sub>10</sub>C<sub>4</sub>B<sub>4</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>, analyzing its two-dimensional strain field under different heat treatments macroscopically using digital image correlation technology (DIC) and characterizing its residual stress microscopically using focused ion beam combined with digital image correlation (FIB-DIC). Experimental results show that after optimal annealing, the edge region of the quenched amorphous alloy strip exhibits significant tensile and compressive strain areas, covering approximately 2 % of the total area. The main strain relaxation value after optimal annealing, upon returning to room temperature, is 4.87 × 10<sup>–4</sup>, with a difference of approximately 2 × 10<sup>–6</sup> between the two optimal annealing treatments. This indicates that the main strain of the amorphous strip relaxes to saturation after optimal annealing, and the residual stress release is approximately 400 MPa. The average residual stress measured from five ring cores milled in the quenched and optimal annealing states of the amorphous strip is -2525 MPa and -1343 MPa, respectively. After optimal annealing, the residual stress in the central region of the strip is released by 72.4 %, whereas the edge region can only release 28.8 % due to stress concentration. The micro residual stress release value of amorphous alloy is approximately 368 MPa, which is roughly consistent with the macro value of 400 MPa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"670 ","pages":"Article 123828"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123836
Weibang Guo , Weiwei Chen , Bozhao Yin , Xiongjian Huang , Anran Han , Qichao Sun , Guocheng Ji , Guoping Dong
Bismuth (Bi)-doped glasses have emerged as promising broadband gain media due to their exceptional ultra-broadband optical response spanning the low-loss transmission window of silica fibers. In this study, phosphate glass matrix capable of accommodating high Bi doping levels was selected, and a glass network engineering strategy was proposed to enhance near-infrared (NIR) luminescence via controlled incorporation of MgO. Owing to its depolymerizing effect and high cation field strength, MgO effectively modulates the glass structure, facilitating the homogeneous dispersion and activation of Bi luminescent centers. The resulting glass exhibits a 4.2-fold enhancement in broadband near-infrared emission. Notably, this composition can be readily drawn into optical fibers via the rod-in-tube technique. The fabricated fibers demonstrate clear broadband On-off gain in the O-band, achieving a maximum gain of 14 dB at 1330 nm. These findings underscore the potential of highly Bi-doped phosphate glass fibers as gain media for next-generation broadband optical amplifiers.
{"title":"MgO-modified glass network enabling enhanced NIR photoemission in highly Bi-doped phosphate glasses and fibers for broadband fiber amplifiers","authors":"Weibang Guo , Weiwei Chen , Bozhao Yin , Xiongjian Huang , Anran Han , Qichao Sun , Guocheng Ji , Guoping Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bismuth (Bi)-doped glasses have emerged as promising broadband gain media due to their exceptional ultra-broadband optical response spanning the low-loss transmission window of silica fibers. In this study, phosphate glass matrix capable of accommodating high Bi doping levels was selected, and a glass network engineering strategy was proposed to enhance near-infrared (NIR) luminescence via controlled incorporation of MgO. Owing to its depolymerizing effect and high cation field strength, MgO effectively modulates the glass structure, facilitating the homogeneous dispersion and activation of Bi luminescent centers. The resulting glass exhibits a 4.2-fold enhancement in broadband near-infrared emission. Notably, this composition can be readily drawn into optical fibers via the rod-in-tube technique. The fabricated fibers demonstrate clear broadband On-off gain in the O-band, achieving a maximum gain of 14 dB at 1330 nm. These findings underscore the potential of highly Bi-doped phosphate glass fibers as gain media for next-generation broadband optical amplifiers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"670 ","pages":"Article 123836"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123830
Dmitry Butenkov , Anna Vasilenkova , Anna Bakaeva , Kristina Runina , Pavel Strekalov , Karel Veselský , Pavel Loiko , Alain Braud , Maria Brekhovskikh , Olga Petrova
We report on the synthesis, thermal, vibrational, and spectral-luminescent properties of novel PbCl2-TeO2 oxychloride glasses doped with rare-earth ions (Tm3+, Er3+, and Ho3+) up to 2 mol % with the goal of developing low-phonon-energy active materials for the short-wave infrared. These glasses are obtained by the conventional melt-quenching technique at a relatively low temperature of 800°C in an air atmosphere. As host matrices, these glasses exhibit good thermal stability (ΔT = 63°C), broadband transparency (0.35 - 6.20 µm), prominent Raman peaks at 90-180 cm-1 attributed to Pb-Cl vibrations, and a relatively low content of OH groups compared to other oxychloride glasses. The broadband luminescence of the dopant ions is observed in the spectral range of 2.00 to 3.00 µm, and the luminescence lifetimes of the excited states responsible for these emissions are exceptionally long among TeO2-based oxide and oxyhalide glasses, paving the way for potential applications of these glasses in fiber lasers and amplifiers.
{"title":"Synthesis and optical spectroscopy of oxychloride lead tellurite glasses doped with Tm3+, Er3+ and Ho3+ ions","authors":"Dmitry Butenkov , Anna Vasilenkova , Anna Bakaeva , Kristina Runina , Pavel Strekalov , Karel Veselský , Pavel Loiko , Alain Braud , Maria Brekhovskikh , Olga Petrova","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report on the synthesis, thermal, vibrational, and spectral-luminescent properties of novel PbCl<sub>2</sub>-TeO<sub>2</sub> oxychloride glasses doped with rare-earth ions (Tm<sup>3+</sup>, Er<sup>3+</sup>, and Ho<sup>3+</sup>) up to 2 mol % with the goal of developing low-phonon-energy active materials for the short-wave infrared. These glasses are obtained by the conventional melt-quenching technique at a relatively low temperature of 800°C in an air atmosphere. As host matrices, these glasses exhibit good thermal stability (Δ<em>T</em> = 63°C), broadband transparency (0.35 - 6.20 µm), prominent Raman peaks at 90-180 cm<sup>-1</sup> attributed to Pb-Cl vibrations, and a relatively low content of OH groups compared to other oxychloride glasses. The broadband luminescence of the dopant ions is observed in the spectral range of 2.00 to 3.00 µm, and the luminescence lifetimes of the excited states responsible for these emissions are exceptionally long among TeO<sub>2</sub>-based oxide and oxyhalide glasses, paving the way for potential applications of these glasses in fiber lasers and amplifiers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"670 ","pages":"Article 123830"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123835
F. Angulo S． , J. Chacaliaza-Ricaldi , G. Lozano C． , J.L. Clabel H． , A.C.S. Pimenta , B. Mejía , E. Marega Jr． , V.A.G. Rivera
Tellurite-based glasses have emerged as promising candidates due to their favorable structural and optical properties. However, their shielding performance is susceptible to compositional variations. This research investigates the incorporation of various metal oxides, specifically GeO2, TiO2, WO3, and Nb2O5, to enhance the shielding properties of zinc-tellurite glasses. The work aimed to elucidate the relationship between the structural features of the glasses and their functional properties, specifically optical behavior and gamma-ray attenuation performance. Such performance was evaluated computationally over a broad energy range (0.015–15 MeV) using the Geant4 toolkit and validated against XCOM data. Raman spectroscopy showed that GeO2 promoted a more polymerized network, while Nb2O5, WO3, and TiO2 increased non-bridging oxygen content, inversely affecting the optical bandgap. WO3-modified glass exhibited the highest density and superior shielding performance, evidenced by the highest mass attenuation coefficients and effective atomic numbers across the entire energy spectrum, alongside the lowest half-value layers and mean free paths. These findings highlight metal oxide selection as a key strategy for tailoring zinc-tellurite glasses, not only to surpass the shielding performance of conventional concrete but also to enable the design of advanced, lead-free, and transparent materials for next-generation radiation shielding and photonic devices.
{"title":"Tailoring the gamma-ray shielding performance of zinc-tellurite glasses via metal oxide substitution","authors":"F. Angulo S． , J. Chacaliaza-Ricaldi , G. Lozano C． , J.L. Clabel H． , A.C.S. Pimenta , B. Mejía , E. Marega Jr． , V.A.G. Rivera","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tellurite-based glasses have emerged as promising candidates due to their favorable structural and optical properties. However, their shielding performance is susceptible to compositional variations. This research investigates the incorporation of various metal oxides, specifically GeO<sub>2</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>, WO<sub>3</sub>, and Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, to enhance the shielding properties of zinc-tellurite glasses. The work aimed to elucidate the relationship between the structural features of the glasses and their functional properties, specifically optical behavior and gamma-ray attenuation performance. Such performance was evaluated computationally over a broad energy range (0.015–15 MeV) using the Geant4 toolkit and validated against XCOM data. Raman spectroscopy showed that GeO<sub>2</sub> promoted a more polymerized network, while Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, WO<sub>3</sub>, and TiO<sub>2</sub> increased non-bridging oxygen content, inversely affecting the optical bandgap. WO<sub>3</sub>-modified glass exhibited the highest density and superior shielding performance, evidenced by the highest mass attenuation coefficients and effective atomic numbers across the entire energy spectrum, alongside the lowest half-value layers and mean free paths. These findings highlight metal oxide selection as a key strategy for tailoring zinc-tellurite glasses, not only to surpass the shielding performance of conventional concrete but also to enable the design of advanced, lead-free, and transparent materials for next-generation radiation shielding and photonic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"670 ","pages":"Article 123835"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145369834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123832
N. Shchedrina , M. Lancry , M. Leimane , A. Alessi , O. Cavani , N. Ollier
This study explores the combined effects of high-dose electron irradiation and elevated temperature on Type III silica glass, focusing on its vibrational structural evolution and defect formation. A systematic investigation was carried out on both pristine and pre-densified at high pressure high temperature conditions silica samples. Electron irradiation was performed at doses up to 11 GGy, with combined heating up to 1000 K, conditions that have not been systematically studied before. Structural changes were characterized through Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements (to identify defect populations). Results show that while densification is promoted around room temperatures by irradiation, increasing the temperature above 600 K activates significant defect annealing and glass network relaxation back towards a pristine-like SiO2 structure. These findings provide new insights into the dynamic behavior of silica under extreme conditions and help guide the design of silica-based components and sensors for high-dose, high-temperature applications, particularly in next-generation nuclear reactors.
{"title":"The influence of high temperature during electron irradiation on silica structure","authors":"N. Shchedrina , M. Lancry , M. Leimane , A. Alessi , O. Cavani , N. Ollier","doi":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the combined effects of high-dose electron irradiation and elevated temperature on Type III silica glass, focusing on its vibrational structural evolution and defect formation. A systematic investigation was carried out on both pristine and pre-densified at high pressure high temperature conditions silica samples. Electron irradiation was performed at doses up to 11 GGy, with combined heating up to 1000 K, conditions that have not been systematically studied before. Structural changes were characterized through Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence measurements (to identify defect populations). Results show that while densification is promoted around room temperatures by irradiation, increasing the temperature above 600 K activates significant defect annealing and glass network relaxation back towards a pristine-like SiO<sub>2</sub> structure. These findings provide new insights into the dynamic behavior of silica under extreme conditions and help guide the design of silica-based components and sensors for high-dose, high-temperature applications, particularly in next-generation nuclear reactors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Non-crystalline Solids","volume":"669 ","pages":"Article 123832"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145363888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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