This is the era of technology that is nictitated everyone to adopt with this age and does not participate actively in the successive developments of scientific discoveries and technological innovations will have no presence in it, where the power of science and technology, and the word for those who have the cornerstone of technical development, so must To include technical literacy dimensions in formal and non-formal education programs in order to achieve technical enlightenment for all, in particular scientific research. The aim of the research is to shed light on the impact of modern technologies on the development of scientific research, especially the Internet, geographic information systems, encouraging faculty members and graduate students to use modern techniques in scientific research, and to highlight the positive aspects which are encouraging reasons for the use of modern technologies in scientific research. For this purpose, the descriptive analytical approach was used The importance of modern technologies in providing time and effort of the researcher, the multiplicity of sources of electronic information between the center used to the substantive coverage, the expansion of electronic publishing and varied between the periodicals, books, magazines, manuals, dictionaries and dictionaries, so the research recommended the need to develop the infrastructure of technology, Cooperation between the relevant authorities to reach the maximum benefit.
{"title":"The role of modern technologies in Promoting scientific geographic research with reference to the Internet and geographic information systems (GIS): دور التقنيات الحديثة في تطوير البحث العلمي الجغرافي بالتركيز على الإنترنت ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS)","authors":"Amel Elmahi Elkhlifa Mohamed Amel Elmahi Elkhlifa Mohamed","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.l151220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.l151220","url":null,"abstract":"This is the era of technology that is nictitated everyone to adopt with this age and does not participate actively in the successive developments of scientific discoveries and technological innovations will have no presence in it, where the power of science and technology, and the word for those who have the cornerstone of technical development, so must To include technical literacy dimensions in formal and non-formal education programs in order to achieve technical enlightenment for all, in particular scientific research. The aim of the research is to shed light on the impact of modern technologies on the development of scientific research, especially the Internet, geographic information systems, encouraging faculty members and graduate students to use modern techniques in scientific research, and to highlight the positive aspects which are encouraging reasons for the use of modern technologies in scientific research. For this purpose, the descriptive analytical approach was used The importance of modern technologies in providing time and effort of the researcher, the multiplicity of sources of electronic information between the center used to the substantive coverage, the expansion of electronic publishing and varied between the periodicals, books, magazines, manuals, dictionaries and dictionaries, so the research recommended the need to develop the infrastructure of technology, Cooperation between the relevant authorities to reach the maximum benefit.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76008534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
3- ((2- Hydroxyphenyl) imino) indolin- 2- one was prepared by reacting isatin with 2- aminophenol(HIAP),The reagent was characterized by IR, H 1NMR spectrum, This reagent with a nickel complex forms a violet color (1: 2) at pH = 9.0, λmax =575nm and room temperature using sodium tetraborate buffer solution, The molar absorptivity 1.43 10+4 L mol- 1 cm- 1 and Sandell’s sensitivity value is 0.03800 μg cm- 2 and The Beer’s law is obeyed in the range 0.50- 5.28 μg mL- 1 of nickel (II) and the Calibration curve equation y = 0.0663x + 0.0749, R² = 0.9988.
{"title":"Spectrophotometric Determination of Ni+2 by 3- ((2- Hydroxyphenyl) imino) indolin- 2- one: التقدير الطيفي لـــ Ni+2 بواسطة 3- (2- هيدروكسي فنيل) إيمينو إندولين 2- ون","authors":"Braa Waled Al- Mofti, Abdulkder Al- Azrak Braa Waled Al- Mofti, Abdulkder Al- Azrak","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.b280221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.b280221","url":null,"abstract":"3- ((2- Hydroxyphenyl) imino) indolin- 2- one was prepared by reacting isatin with 2- aminophenol(HIAP),The reagent was characterized by IR, H 1NMR spectrum, This reagent with a nickel complex forms a violet color (1: 2) at pH = 9.0, λmax =575nm and room temperature using sodium tetraborate buffer solution, The molar absorptivity 1.43 10+4 L mol- 1 cm- 1 and Sandell’s sensitivity value is 0.03800 μg cm- 2 and The Beer’s law is obeyed in the range 0.50- 5.28 μg mL- 1 of nickel (II) and the Calibration curve equation y = 0.0663x + 0.0749, R² = 0.9988.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89153922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study addresses the domestic passenger air traffic at King Abdulaziz Airport in Jeddah, which is one of the most important airports in Saudi Arabia and a portal to the Two Holy Mosques, serving the population of the region's governorates through the Saudi Arabian Airlines Company; one of the oldest airlines in the Arab world. The study aims to analyze the volume of internal passenger air traffic in the area of study; determining the directions of this movement by identifying the most momentum routes because it's a vital aspect to airport and airline management, as the traffic volume is considered to be one of the most important criteria that define airlines significance and their trends at the level of urban centers in different regions. To achieve the study's objectives, a descriptive and analytical approach was used to describe the studied phenomenon and its affecting factors. A quantitative approach was also used to tabulate and classify the study data. Figures, graphs, and cartographic style were used to present results and conclusions. The study concluded with presenting the most important results that have been reached- a variation in the volume of movement of arrivals and departures according to months and seasonality affecting the study area. There is also a variation in the number of internal passengers between different routes due to the difference in the functions of airport cities and their inhabitants’ number as well as the natural conditions and economic activities that characterize some cities, and the impact of other ways of transport on the volume of air transport and airports' competition in the same region, especially airports that are located in cities with a large population. As for the most moving routes in the study area, passenger traffic was concentrated in five air routes with a rate of (77.57%) of the total passenger traffic volume on all routes.
{"title":"Domestic Air Traffic for Passengers on Saudi Arabian Airlines: Case Study of King Abdulaziz Airport in Jeddah: الحركةُ الْجويّةُ الداخليّةُ لركّاب الخطوطِ الجويةِ العربيّةِ السِّعوديةِ: دراسةُ حالةِ مطار الملك عبد العزيز بجدة","authors":"Manal Saleh Alansari Manal Saleh Alansari","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.l201220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.l201220","url":null,"abstract":" The study addresses the domestic passenger air traffic at King Abdulaziz Airport in Jeddah, which is one of the most important airports in Saudi Arabia and a portal to the Two Holy Mosques, serving the population of the region's governorates through the Saudi Arabian Airlines Company; one of the oldest airlines in the Arab world. The study aims to analyze the volume of internal passenger air traffic in the area of study; determining the directions of this movement by identifying the most momentum routes because it's a vital aspect to airport and airline management, as the traffic volume is considered to be one of the most important criteria that define airlines significance and their trends at the level of urban centers in different regions. To achieve the study's objectives, a descriptive and analytical approach was used to describe the studied phenomenon and its affecting factors. A quantitative approach was also used to tabulate and classify the study data. Figures, graphs, and cartographic style were used to present results and conclusions. The study concluded with presenting the most important results that have been reached- a variation in the volume of movement of arrivals and departures according to months and seasonality affecting the study area. There is also a variation in the number of internal passengers between different routes due to the difference in the functions of airport cities and their inhabitants’ number as well as the natural conditions and economic activities that characterize some cities, and the impact of other ways of transport on the volume of air transport and airports' competition in the same region, especially airports that are located in cities with a large population. As for the most moving routes in the study area, passenger traffic was concentrated in five air routes with a rate of (77.57%) of the total passenger traffic volume on all routes.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83455385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to compute the actual mean daily rainfall and analyze its statistical characteristics at the stations of Al Majma’ah (R101-460), Riyadh factories (R001-452), Duruma (R112-470), Jubaylah (R106-464), Sudus (R102-461), Rumah (HU103-954, Shaqra’a (R006-457), Hawtat Sudayr (R005-456), Al Hariq (R104-453), and Huraymilah (R103-462). To achieve the objectives, this study relied on the inductive approach with analyzing the statistical characteristics of rainfall distribution by applying dispersion measures (mean, standard deviation, standard error of the mean, standard error of standard deviation) and on calculating the ratio between annual rainfall amounts and the total number of rainy days per year. The spatial analysis also uses the homogeneous classes of the annual rainfall, the number of rainy days, and the actual mean daily rainfall. This study reached an analysis of the statistical characteristics of the annual rainfall and the number of rainy days recorded during the period 1970-2017 in a total of 10 rain stations. This data is used in calculating the mean actual daily rainfall and in analyzing the variation of its spatial and temporal distribution. The best model for the correlation (cubic model) between annual rainfall amounts and the number of rainy days was also identified. So, this study presents some recommendations to expand this study method in the various regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and compare its results with the results of similar studies in various dry and semi-arid regions. These study results can be used in inferring the effects of climate change and employ the actual mean daily of rain in estimating the water balance in Riyadh area and surface water resources during rainy days to benefit from them in various fields and in designing a climatic and hydrological database in the various regions of Saudi Arabia. The implementation of irrigation projects to prevent flood risks can be used these water resources.
{"title":"Spatial variance analysis of the actual daily mean rainfall in Riyadh for the period 1970 - 2017: تحليل التباين المكاني للمتوسط اليومي الفعلي للأمطار بمنطقة الرياض للفترة بين عامي 1970 و2017","authors":"Anoud Radhi Thamer Alanazi Anoud Radhi Thamer Alanazi","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.d200121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.d200121","url":null,"abstract":" This study aims to compute the actual mean daily rainfall and analyze its statistical characteristics at the stations of Al Majma’ah (R101-460), Riyadh factories (R001-452), Duruma (R112-470), Jubaylah (R106-464), Sudus (R102-461), Rumah (HU103-954, Shaqra’a (R006-457), Hawtat Sudayr (R005-456), Al Hariq (R104-453), and Huraymilah (R103-462). To achieve the objectives, this study relied on the inductive approach with analyzing the statistical characteristics of rainfall distribution by applying dispersion measures (mean, standard deviation, standard error of the mean, standard error of standard deviation) and on calculating the ratio between annual rainfall amounts and the total number of rainy days per year. The spatial analysis also uses the homogeneous classes of the annual rainfall, the number of rainy days, and the actual mean daily rainfall. This study reached an analysis of the statistical characteristics of the annual rainfall and the number of rainy days recorded during the period 1970-2017 in a total of 10 rain stations. This data is used in calculating the mean actual daily rainfall and in analyzing the variation of its spatial and temporal distribution. The best model for the correlation (cubic model) between annual rainfall amounts and the number of rainy days was also identified. So, this study presents some recommendations to expand this study method in the various regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and compare its results with the results of similar studies in various dry and semi-arid regions. These study results can be used in inferring the effects of climate change and employ the actual mean daily of rain in estimating the water balance in Riyadh area and surface water resources during rainy days to benefit from them in various fields and in designing a climatic and hydrological database in the various regions of Saudi Arabia. The implementation of irrigation projects to prevent flood risks can be used these water resources.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90682622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The group theory and its classifications are of great importance in many engineering, physical and chemical fields, especially those related to the concept of symmetry. In this paper, we study the problem of how a finite group can be generated by some subgroups. In order to the finite simple groups, we show that any finite non-abelian simple group can be generated by two Sylow P1- and P2-subgroups, where P1- and P2- are two different primes. We also, show that for a given different prime numbers P and q, any finite group can be generated by a Sylow P- subgroup and an intravariant q- subgroup. The paper consists of an introduction and two fundamental sections. In one section we study the problem of generating simple finite groups. In another section, we mention the fundamental results of the paper, that connected with generating the finite group from some subgroups.
{"title":"A Study About One Generation of Finite Simple Groups and Finite Groups: دراسة حول أحد توليدات الزمر البسيطة المنتهية والزمر المنتهية","authors":"Nader Mahmoud Taffach Nader Mahmoud Taffach","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.d250321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.d250321","url":null,"abstract":"The group theory and its classifications are of great importance in many engineering, physical and chemical fields, especially those related to the concept of symmetry. In this paper, we study the problem of how a finite group can be generated by some subgroups. In order to the finite simple groups, we show that any finite non-abelian simple group can be generated by two Sylow P1- and P2-subgroups, where P1- and P2- are two different primes. We also, show that for a given different prime numbers P and q, any finite group can be generated by a Sylow P- subgroup and an intravariant q- subgroup. The paper consists of an introduction and two fundamental sections. In one section we study the problem of generating simple finite groups. In another section, we mention the fundamental results of the paper, that connected with generating the finite group from some subgroups.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89443897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Moatz Ghazi Shollar, Joumaa Merza, Thanaa Shriteh Mohammad Moatz Ghazi Shollar, Joumaa Merza, Thanaa
The new enamine [1- Diphenyl enamine ascorbic acid] has been prepared according to two methods: The first method was “The reaction between ascorbic acid and diphenylamine” has been done directly, however the yield was relatively low. The second method was “the reaction between ascorbic acid and diphenylamine” which has been carried out through three steps: In the first step, the hydroxyl groups in (5, 6) position have been protected using the acetone, in the second step, the hydroxyl groups in (2, 3) position have been protected using iodide methyl. The obtained compound (5, 6-dioxolan-2, 3-metoxy ascorbic acid) have been reacted with Diphenylamine to obtain the target molecule in the third step'' the structural determination has been confirmed using spectroscopy methods (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR). The target compound gave very good biological activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus Aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas Aeruginosa) bacteria, with Gentamicin as a reference active compound.
{"title":"Synthesis of the new derivative 1- Diphenylamine Enamine Ascorbic Acid, and study of its biological activity: اصطناع المشتق الجديد 1- ثنائي فينيل إينامين حمض الأسكوربيك ودراسة نشاطه البيولوجي","authors":"Mohammad Moatz Ghazi Shollar, Joumaa Merza, Thanaa Shriteh Mohammad Moatz Ghazi Shollar, Joumaa Merza, Thanaa","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.s260421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.s260421","url":null,"abstract":"The new enamine [1- Diphenyl enamine ascorbic acid] has been prepared according to two methods: The first method was “The reaction between ascorbic acid and diphenylamine” has been done directly, however the yield was relatively low. The second method was “the reaction between ascorbic acid and diphenylamine” which has been carried out through three steps: In the first step, the hydroxyl groups in (5, 6) position have been protected using the acetone, in the second step, the hydroxyl groups in (2, 3) position have been protected using iodide methyl. The obtained compound (5, 6-dioxolan-2, 3-metoxy ascorbic acid) have been reacted with Diphenylamine to obtain the target molecule in the third step'' the structural determination has been confirmed using spectroscopy methods (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR). The target compound gave very good biological activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus Aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas Aeruginosa) bacteria, with Gentamicin as a reference active compound. ","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77200027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research work is a numerical study which conducted a spatiotemporal identification of a thermal source inside a domain using inverse method. Temperatures are simulated by means of resolving direct problem with finite differences method. The authors suggested heat source identification in diffusive medium. The studied problem has two distinctive aspects: (1) source location research; (2) identifying source amplitude in terms of time. Direct simulation: The authors achieved a leveled scale on the studied source over the total duration of the study time interval. Step responses, at measuring points, are saved (for matrix building). After that, the authors computed source value at every step time. In order to characterize inverse quality, the authors have introduced mean square deviations corresponding to inverse process, we notice that we have a good result for the location, whilst the intensity of the source volume we have a worse outcome, because we identified a point source is equivalent to an approximate solution.
{"title":"Method of removing the domain to identify the position of the heat source by the inverse method: طريقة إزالة المجال لتحديد موضع مصدر الحرارة بالطريقة العكسية","authors":"Abdelkarim Maamar Abdelkader, Bounegta Bachir Mohammed Abdelkarim Maamar Abdelkader, Bounegta Bachir Moha","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.k040221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.k040221","url":null,"abstract":"This research work is a numerical study which conducted a spatiotemporal identification of a thermal source inside a domain using inverse method. Temperatures are simulated by means of resolving direct problem with finite differences method. The authors suggested heat source identification in diffusive medium. The studied problem has two distinctive aspects: (1) source location research; (2) identifying source amplitude in terms of time. Direct simulation: The authors achieved a leveled scale on the studied source over the total duration of the study time interval. Step responses, at measuring points, are saved (for matrix building). After that, the authors computed source value at every step time. In order to characterize inverse quality, the authors have introduced mean square deviations corresponding to inverse process, we notice that we have a good result for the location, whilst the intensity of the source volume we have a worse outcome, because we identified a point source is equivalent to an approximate solution.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76733030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-29DOI: 10.53974/unza.jonas.3.1.465
L. Mazyopa, P. Chileshe
The mining industry has both positive and negative impacts on their host communities. Therefore, it is not enough for mines to only rely on the legal licence, but instead, they need to nurture a trust-based relationship with the community called ‘Social License to Operate’ (SLO). The main objective of the study was to examine how ‘Social License to Operate’ can be developed and sustained using community engagement between Konkola Copper Mines - Nchanga Mine (KCM) and the communities within 10 km radius from the mine operations in Chingola, Zambia. The conceptual and theoretical framework of the study was grounded in the ‘Relative Deprivation Theory’ and the ‘Social Identity Theory’. The methodology of the study was qualitative and delved into a contemporary stakeholder risk issue affecting KCM. Therefore, data in the form of voice recordings and field notes was collected through 28 semi-structured interviews out of an estimated population size of over 28,000 households from five research sites, namely, Chiwempala, Nchanga North, Kapisha, Lulamba and Shimulala in Chingola that sufficiently demonstrated data saturation in the participants’ responses. From data collected, analysis and interpretation, through ‘Thematic Content Data Analysis’, three themes emerged which were adopted as variables of ‘Trust’; ‘Social Infrastructure’ and ‘Interactional Trust’ which deals with the quality and quantity of engagement while ‘Procedural Fairness’ looks at how the mine’s stakeholder engagement and grievance mechanism procedures contributed towards building a mutual relationship with the community. Of the 28 participants, 34 per cent benefitted from the mines through access to income generation while the remainder were negatively impacted through unemployment, poor community infrastructure, high moral decay, poor social services delivery and environmental pollution. Further, 69 per cent complained of lack of engagement and only 7 per cent expressed satisfaction on how their complaints were resolved. Further 67 110 per cent did not share any relationship with the mine. Key findings, based on this research, were that KCM – Nchanga Mine has a mixed ‘Social License to Operate’ because four townships accepted the company while one township strongly felt that they do not share any relationship with the mine as they had not benefitted from the mineral wealth naturally entitled to them. The conclusion was that it is cardinal for mines to develop a highly active collaborative relationship with the community as a pathway to sustainable mining. The recommendation was that lessons learnt from this study can be adopted by other mines with legacy socio-environmental issues to build and maintain their ‘Social License to Operate’ through having a robust integrated community engagement system.
{"title":"Sustaining social licence to operate using community engagement: a case of Konkola Copper Mines - Nchanga, Zambia","authors":"L. Mazyopa, P. Chileshe","doi":"10.53974/unza.jonas.3.1.465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53974/unza.jonas.3.1.465","url":null,"abstract":"The mining industry has both positive and negative impacts on their host communities. Therefore, it is not enough for mines to only rely on the legal licence, but instead, they need to nurture a trust-based relationship with the community called ‘Social License to Operate’ (SLO). The main objective of the study was to examine how ‘Social License to Operate’ can be developed and sustained using community engagement between Konkola Copper Mines - Nchanga Mine (KCM) and the communities within 10 km radius from the mine operations in Chingola, Zambia. The conceptual and theoretical framework of the study was grounded in the ‘Relative Deprivation Theory’ and the ‘Social Identity Theory’. The methodology of the study was qualitative and delved into a contemporary stakeholder risk issue affecting KCM. Therefore, data in the form of voice recordings and field notes was collected through 28 semi-structured interviews out of an estimated population size of over 28,000 households from five research sites, namely, Chiwempala, Nchanga North, Kapisha, Lulamba and Shimulala in Chingola that sufficiently demonstrated data saturation in the participants’ responses. From data collected, analysis and interpretation, through ‘Thematic Content Data Analysis’, three themes emerged which were adopted as variables of ‘Trust’; ‘Social Infrastructure’ and ‘Interactional Trust’ which deals with the quality and quantity of engagement while ‘Procedural Fairness’ looks at how the mine’s stakeholder engagement and grievance mechanism procedures contributed towards building a mutual relationship with the community. Of the 28 participants, 34 per cent benefitted from the mines through access to income generation while the remainder were negatively impacted through unemployment, poor community infrastructure, high moral decay, poor social services delivery and environmental pollution. Further, 69 per cent complained of lack of engagement and only 7 per cent expressed satisfaction on how their complaints were resolved. Further 67 110 per cent did not share any relationship with the mine. Key findings, based on this research, were that KCM – Nchanga Mine has a mixed ‘Social License to Operate’ because four townships accepted the company while one township strongly felt that they do not share any relationship with the mine as they had not benefitted from the mineral wealth naturally entitled to them. The conclusion was that it is cardinal for mines to develop a highly active collaborative relationship with the community as a pathway to sustainable mining. The recommendation was that lessons learnt from this study can be adopted by other mines with legacy socio-environmental issues to build and maintain their ‘Social License to Operate’ through having a robust integrated community engagement system.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81196478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-29DOI: 10.53974/unza.jonas.3.1.463
Kanyanga Kambole, Stephens Kambani
Zambia copper industry has been in existence for over a century. The country contains most known reserves in Africa and holding about 6 percent known copper reserves in the world. Copper production plays a big role in the performance of the economy. Copper exports account for more than 70 per cent of total exports and 12 per cent of the country GDP. However, with the rich history of mining and copper reserves, studies have shown that Zambia still exports more than 70 per cent of her raw copper blister or copper anodes. Only 5 percent of copper cathodes produced consumed locally to further produce finished products such as copper rods and cables. The study will, therefore, focus on the potential that Zambia has to add value in the copper chain downstream. Specifically, the research focused on the downstream copper production and processing potential in respect of copper blister or anodes, copper cathodes, copper rod and cables. In addition the study reviewed whether the current mineral development policies and taxation are adequate to encourage value addition downstream and also investigate local and regional market for the final copper product. The research utilised statistical data available from Central Statistical Office, Bank of Zambia, Chambers of Mines, ZCCM-IH and international Copper Study groups to establish production, export copper and import of copper rods or cables. In addition to the above, research included visits to the only two copper fabricators ZAMEFA based in Luanshya and Neelkanth Cables Limited in Ndola. Using the statistical data collected and field visits to the fabrication industry, it was established that Zambia has a potential to add more value to its downstream copper chain by producing more than 1 million copper blister or cathodes from the available smelter facilities and though enhancement of policies and taxation incentives.
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Pub Date : 2021-01-29DOI: 10.53974/unza.jonas.3.1.457
Stephen Chanda
Drilling and blasting are considered to be the first unit of operations in mining. proper rock fragmentation is the key first element of the ore winning process, as it affects the economics of processing. To ensure a proper fragmentation is achieved, a lot of factors are considered, one of them being the accuracy and efficiency of drilling. This makes drilling an important part of the rock fragmentation process, and the selection of a drill rig that will result in achieving desired production rate is thus an important decision for mining engineers. In this paper, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method was applied to the selection of a Production Drill Rig. The methodology involved the application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method in calculation of the weights of the criteria. Expert opinion was used in the formation of AHP pairwise matrices. TOPSIS method was then used to rank the alternatives and finally, the most appropriate drill rig was selected. It was shown that TOPSIS method can be applied in equipment selection as opposed to the traditional trial-and-error methods, which will result in speedy decision making.
{"title":"Application of Topsis method to the selection of a production drilling rig","authors":"Stephen Chanda","doi":"10.53974/unza.jonas.3.1.457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53974/unza.jonas.3.1.457","url":null,"abstract":"Drilling and blasting are considered to be the first unit of operations in mining. proper rock fragmentation is the key first element of the ore winning process, as it affects the economics of processing. To ensure a proper fragmentation is achieved, a lot of factors are considered, one of them being the accuracy and efficiency of drilling. This makes drilling an important part of the rock fragmentation process, and the selection of a drill rig that will result in achieving desired production rate is thus an important decision for mining engineers. In this paper, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method was applied to the selection of a Production Drill Rig. The methodology involved the application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method in calculation of the weights of the criteria. Expert opinion was used in the formation of AHP pairwise matrices. TOPSIS method was then used to rank the alternatives and finally, the most appropriate drill rig was selected. It was shown that TOPSIS method can be applied in equipment selection as opposed to the traditional trial-and-error methods, which will result in speedy decision making.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78643961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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