This study aimed to analyze the indicators of spatial and temporal distribution of daily, monthly, and seasonal rainfall measurements. It is looking for the possibility of the stability or change of precipitation properties by using the data of the present. Also, it is working with the most important factors that effects on the rainfall, Moreover, many of some statistical methods applied in this study. Using inverted distance weighted Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method to generates rain interpolation surface that is tool approves in geographic information systems software. Rain is an important element of many economic activities. Therefore, the importance of predicting the spatial distribution of precipitation that is important from water rain resources. This study presents an analysis of spatiotemporal variation of the daily, monthly and seasonal rainfall in Qassim region, based on data seven weather stations, that is including, Buraidah, Unaizah, Al Rasa, and the General Authority for Meteorology and Environmental Protection, also Prince Nayef Airport Station between (2017-1987) which period included 31 years for the accuracy of the results. The study reached to several recommendations that can be used in geographical fields, whether environmental or human, which are related to water resources and torrents, rainwater drainage projects and urban areas to avoid disasters.
{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Rainfall Variability and its Prediction in Al-Qassim Region Using (1987-2017): التحليل المكاني والزماني لتباين التهاطل المطري والتنبؤ به في منطقة القصيم (2017-1987)","authors":"Aljazy Khalid Alturki, Ahmad Abdullah Aldughairi","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.l190920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.l190920","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to analyze the indicators of spatial and temporal distribution of daily, monthly, and seasonal rainfall measurements. It is looking for the possibility of the stability or change of precipitation properties by using the data of the present. Also, it is working with the most important factors that effects on the rainfall, Moreover, many of some statistical methods applied in this study. Using inverted distance weighted Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method to generates rain interpolation surface that is tool approves in geographic information systems software. Rain is an important element of many economic activities. Therefore, the importance of predicting the spatial distribution of precipitation that is important from water rain resources. This study presents an analysis of spatiotemporal variation of the daily, monthly and seasonal rainfall in Qassim region, based on data seven weather stations, that is including, Buraidah, Unaizah, Al Rasa, and the General Authority for Meteorology and Environmental Protection, also Prince Nayef Airport Station between (2017-1987) which period included 31 years for the accuracy of the results. The study reached to several recommendations that can be used in geographical fields, whether environmental or human, which are related to water resources and torrents, rainwater drainage projects and urban areas to avoid disasters.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86665769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The geochemical study of concentrated phosphatic grains show two main groups of elements, the first one represents (CaO, P2O5, F, CO3, SO3, Na, Sr and Cl) which are considered in determining the chemical formula of francolite, and are positively correlated with some trace elements (e.g. U, Y, REE, Cr, Mn and V). The second group of elements represents the clay minerals (palygorskite, sepiolite and montmorillonite). These minerals found in phosphatic grains in fractures and between coated layers by organic activity. This study suggests that the couple substitution of anions and cations for calcium, phosphorous and fluorine in francolite don't take place as coupled substitution but as open substitution of many anions and cations depending on the conformity in the coordination numbers of any site. In the same time, it is a compound substitution because of sharing many ions in the process. The decreasing in moles/formula of Na, S and Cl in the chemical formula of francolite indicates the slightly increasing in salinity and alkalinity of seawater. Sr reflects the effect of chemical composition of interstitial water on the francolite formation. CO3 mole/formula shows the role of the diagenesis process on the growth of francolite. The low Mg mole/formula reflects the consumption of magnesium in dolomite and clay minerals which enable the growth of phosphatic grains.
{"title":"The Crystal Chemistry of Francolite in Akashat Phosphorites (Middle Paleocene), Iraqi Western Desert: الكيمياء البلورية لمعدن الفرانكولايت في فوسفورايت عكاشات (الباليوسين الأوسط)، الصحراء الغربية العراقية","authors":"Kotayba Tawfiq Al-Youzbakey, Salim Mahmood Al-Dabb","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.q170620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.q170620","url":null,"abstract":"The geochemical study of concentrated phosphatic grains show two main groups of elements, the first one represents (CaO, P2O5, F, CO3, SO3, Na, Sr and Cl) which are considered in determining the chemical formula of francolite, and are positively correlated with some trace elements (e.g. U, Y, REE, Cr, Mn and V). The second group of elements represents the clay minerals (palygorskite, sepiolite and montmorillonite). These minerals found in phosphatic grains in fractures and between coated layers by organic activity. This study suggests that the couple substitution of anions and cations for calcium, phosphorous and fluorine in francolite don't take place as coupled substitution but as open substitution of many anions and cations depending on the conformity in the coordination numbers of any site. In the same time, it is a compound substitution because of sharing many ions in the process. The decreasing in moles/formula of Na, S and Cl in the chemical formula of francolite indicates the slightly increasing in salinity and alkalinity of seawater. Sr reflects the effect of chemical composition of interstitial water on the francolite formation. CO3 mole/formula shows the role of the diagenesis process on the growth of francolite. The low Mg mole/formula reflects the consumption of magnesium in dolomite and clay minerals which enable the growth of phosphatic grains.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"93 10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83473831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper relates to the mathematical linear model of the elastic, homogeneous and isotropic body, with neglected structure and infinitesimal elastic strains, subjected to temperature field; discussed by Hooke, and shortly called (H). We firstly introduce the variable tensorial forms of the traditional and Lame descriptions of the coupled dynamic state of considerable Hooke body, in an arbitrary curve coordinate system. We study the variable tensorial forms in an arbitrary curve coordinate system, of the generalized Beltrami–Michell stress-temperature equations, and of the stress-temperature Ignaczak equations and its completeness problem for the (H) thermoelastic body.
{"title":"Stress–temperature equations of motion of Ignaczak and Beltrami–Michell types in arbitrary curve coordinate system: معادلات الحركة بلغة الإجهادات والحرارة من نوعي إغناتشاك وبيلترامي– ميشيل في أي نظام احداثي منحني","authors":"Waad Samir Attiah, Mountajab Al-Hasan","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.w160620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.w160620","url":null,"abstract":"This paper relates to the mathematical linear model of the elastic, homogeneous and isotropic body, with neglected structure and infinitesimal elastic strains, subjected to temperature field; discussed by Hooke, and shortly called (H). We firstly introduce the variable tensorial forms of the traditional and Lame descriptions of the coupled dynamic state of considerable Hooke body, in an arbitrary curve coordinate system. We study the variable tensorial forms in an arbitrary curve coordinate system, of the generalized Beltrami–Michell stress-temperature equations, and of the stress-temperature Ignaczak equations and its completeness problem for the (H) thermoelastic body. ","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"235 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78132262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to identify the archaeological and historical sites, the geographical distribution, and the spatial relations between them and other geographical phenomena in Al-Baha, which provides us with a comprehensive view of the current status of these archaeological and historical sites and developing awareness of its importance as tourist sites. To achieve the research goals, to achieve research objectives, the spatial analysis approach in the GIS environment was used to measure spatial geographical phenomena in the study area through its statistical and spatial analysis tools. The cartographic presentation and mapping method was adopted using the GIS software 10.6. The study concluded that the number of archaeological and historical sites in Al-Baha has reached about 129 sites distributed among 7 governorates. Its relative distribution was very different between the western and eastern parts of the region (about 97 archaeological and historical sites in east and 32 archaeological and historical sites west, with 75% of sites in the east and 25% of sites in the west) in close association with topography, water resources, mineral resources and historic trade routes. The distribution of archaeological and historical sites in the area of Al-Baha was a close distribution in its entirety (Neighborhood Index=0.63) due to the limitation and small areas of plains that are suitable for settlement and the proliferation of the steep highlands and vast desert over the area of Al-Baha. The density of archaeological and historical sites was high in the eastern part and fell in the western part of the study area. The study recommended the importance of using GIS applications to study the spatial distribution of archaeological and historical sites and the spatial relations between them and the various natural and human phenomena in the study area. Using the spatial analysis output to prepare archaeological atlas containing maps, illustrations and photographs of the archaeological and historical sites in the region for the purpose of exploiting and commercializing these potential resources. Also, encouraging studies and research that contribute to highlighting the importance of archaeological and historical sites and encouraging exploiting them in several special fields, including tourism.
{"title":"Spatial analysis of Archaeological and historical sites and their relationship with the Natural and Human Factors case study: Al Baha region: التحليل المكاني للمواقع الأثرية والتاريخية وعلاقتها بالعوامل الطبيعية والبشرية، دراسة حالة: منطقة الباحة","authors":"Ashwag Said Alahmari, Sarra Al-Habib Ouerghi","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.h200620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.h200620","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to identify the archaeological and historical sites, the geographical distribution, and the spatial relations between them and other geographical phenomena in Al-Baha, which provides us with a comprehensive view of the current status of these archaeological and historical sites and developing awareness of its importance as tourist sites. To achieve the research goals, to achieve research objectives, the spatial analysis approach in the GIS environment was used to measure spatial geographical phenomena in the study area through its statistical and spatial analysis tools. The cartographic presentation and mapping method was adopted using the GIS software 10.6. The study concluded that the number of archaeological and historical sites in Al-Baha has reached about 129 sites distributed among 7 governorates. Its relative distribution was very different between the western and eastern parts of the region (about 97 archaeological and historical sites in east and 32 archaeological and historical sites west, with 75% of sites in the east and 25% of sites in the west) in close association with topography, water resources, mineral resources and historic trade routes. The distribution of archaeological and historical sites in the area of Al-Baha was a close distribution in its entirety (Neighborhood Index=0.63) due to the limitation and small areas of plains that are suitable for settlement and the proliferation of the steep highlands and vast desert over the area of Al-Baha. The density of archaeological and historical sites was high in the eastern part and fell in the western part of the study area. The study recommended the importance of using GIS applications to study the spatial distribution of archaeological and historical sites and the spatial relations between them and the various natural and human phenomena in the study area. Using the spatial analysis output to prepare archaeological atlas containing maps, illustrations and photographs of the archaeological and historical sites in the region for the purpose of exploiting and commercializing these potential resources. Also, encouraging studies and research that contribute to highlighting the importance of archaeological and historical sites and encouraging exploiting them in several special fields, including tourism.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86743352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.53974/unza.jonas.4.1.408
L. Siaminwe
The COVID-19 pandemic global crisis has hastened transformations in all spheres of our lives and activities. The digital transformations that were taking place at snails’ pace suddenly gained pace at lightning speed due to the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Academic publishing, a subfield of publishing which distributes academic research and scholarly works, has equally experienced renewed focus on Academic journal publishing reform. Open publication models have proved invaluable in fast and wide distribution of academic research and scholarly works during the COVID-19 pandemic disruptions. Consequently, traditional journal space is quickly giving way to online journal space.
{"title":"Academic Journal Publishing Reform","authors":"L. Siaminwe","doi":"10.53974/unza.jonas.4.1.408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53974/unza.jonas.4.1.408","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic global crisis has hastened transformations in all spheres of our lives and activities. The digital transformations that were taking place at snails’ pace suddenly gained pace at lightning speed due to the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Academic publishing, a subfield of publishing which distributes academic research and scholarly works, has equally experienced renewed focus on Academic journal publishing reform. Open publication models have proved invaluable in fast and wide distribution of academic research and scholarly works during the COVID-19 pandemic disruptions. Consequently, traditional journal space is quickly giving way to online journal space.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86894571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.53974/unza.jonas.4.1.379
T. Ziwa, Erastus Mwanaumo, J. Nyirenda
Fumigation involves the use of a highly toxic pesticide known as a fumigant, to kill target organisms under airtight conditions. After fumigation, the residual containers left are classified as hazardous wastes. Such wastes enter our environment owing to improper disposal of the containers and poses a huge threat to public health and the environment. This study assessed the methods of disposal of fumigant containers practiced in Zambia and the extent to which fumigators comply with Zambian environmental regulations. Both qualitative and quantitative data collection approaches were used and purposive sampling helped in establishing the fumigant package disposal sites. Data was collected from 15 districts along the line of rail, from Livingstone to Chingola. Participants constituted 25 fumigators and 50 assistants conducting fumigation in the 15 districts. Data from 25 questionnaires distributed to the fumigators was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 alongside Excel 2010. The findings revealed that 68 % always buried the fumigant containers in a 1-meter-deep pit. However, through observations, 17 fumigators from the 15 districts disposed the containers on open surfaces despite being aware of the environmental regulations. On the other hand, the Zambia Environmental Management Agency visited only 48 % of fumigators’ premises. Only 21 % of fumigators were compliant with the law in their disposal methods while the remaining 79 % were non-compliant. Though fumigators were trained before engaging in fumigation activities, they took little useful action for safe disposal of fumigant containers. Findings in this study require immediate enactment laws that will help abolish unsafe disposal of fumigant containers in Zambia. Further, trained fumigators and not their assistants should conduct disposal of fumigant containers. The Zambia Environmental Management Agency should intensify their inspections combined with law enforcement and standard fumigant disposal protocols must be devised and made available to the fumigators.
{"title":"Disposal of Used Fumigant Containers in Zambia","authors":"T. Ziwa, Erastus Mwanaumo, J. Nyirenda","doi":"10.53974/unza.jonas.4.1.379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53974/unza.jonas.4.1.379","url":null,"abstract":"Fumigation involves the use of a highly toxic pesticide known as a fumigant, to kill target organisms under airtight conditions. After fumigation, the residual containers left are classified as hazardous wastes. Such wastes enter our environment owing to improper disposal of the containers and poses a huge threat to public health and the environment. This study assessed the methods of disposal of fumigant containers practiced in Zambia and the extent to which fumigators comply with Zambian environmental regulations. Both qualitative and quantitative data collection approaches were used and purposive sampling helped in establishing the fumigant package disposal sites. Data was collected from 15 districts along the line of rail, from Livingstone to Chingola. Participants constituted 25 fumigators and 50 assistants conducting fumigation in the 15 districts. Data from 25 questionnaires distributed to the fumigators was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 alongside Excel 2010. The findings revealed that 68 % always buried the fumigant containers in a 1-meter-deep pit. However, through observations, 17 fumigators from the 15 districts disposed the containers on open surfaces despite being aware of the environmental regulations. On the other hand, the Zambia Environmental Management Agency visited only 48 % of fumigators’ premises. Only 21 % of fumigators were compliant with the law in their disposal methods while the remaining 79 % were non-compliant. Though fumigators were trained before engaging in fumigation activities, they took little useful action for safe disposal of fumigant containers. Findings in this study require immediate enactment laws that will help abolish unsafe disposal of fumigant containers in Zambia. Further, trained fumigators and not their assistants should conduct disposal of fumigant containers. The Zambia Environmental Management Agency should intensify their inspections combined with law enforcement and standard fumigant disposal protocols must be devised and made available to the fumigators.","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81504206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted on the waters of Lake Al-Wand and parts of the Al-wand River within Diyala province southeast of Khanaqin city 6 km from the Iraqi-Iranian border, five main sites were taken by the eight stations of the first and fifth sites on the river Al-Wand before entering the water and leaving the lake with one station for each site respectively. The second, third and fourth sites were on Lake Al-Wand with six stations and two deep depths, The study started from May 2018 to April 2019 and included the four seasons, the measurement of some heavy metals such as nickel, chrome, cobalt, and cadmium, If measured at a rate of three times and depending on the method followed by the American public health and its concentrations within the limits allowed by Iraqi and international standards.
{"title":"Study of some heavy elements of Lake AL wand water in Khanaqin city in Diyala province: دراسة بعض العناصر الثقيلة لمياه بحيرة الوند في مدينة خانقين ضمن محافظة ديالى","authors":"Khaled Khairuddin Khalid, Ibrahim Omar Seed","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.k220919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.k220919","url":null,"abstract":" This study was conducted on the waters of Lake Al-Wand and parts of the Al-wand River within Diyala province southeast of Khanaqin city 6 km from the Iraqi-Iranian border, five main sites were taken by the eight stations of the first and fifth sites on the river Al-Wand before entering the water and leaving the lake with one station for each site respectively. The second, third and fourth sites were on Lake Al-Wand with six stations and two deep depths, The study started from May 2018 to April 2019 and included the four seasons, the measurement of some heavy metals such as nickel, chrome, cobalt, and cadmium, If measured at a rate of three times and depending on the method followed by the American public health and its concentrations within the limits allowed by Iraqi and international standards. ","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"15 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81006891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study describes the analysis of flooding areas south of Himreen dam to the north of Baqubah district. The study aims at different measurements of flooding in a simulated manner. to minimize the amount of damage that these areas could suffer in actual flooding. Stream measurements and flow forecasting are the basis for understanding flood mechanics. And select it at each river station for a certain time period. . This research used different study methods. The HEC-RAS model was used with ArcGIS for flood design and analysis. Based on the available data, the areas south of Himreen Dam to the north of Baqubah district were selected as a study area. The area of the Hamrin reservoir is about 347 km², with a storage capacity of 2. 06 billion cubic meters under normal conditions. It provides water for some 300, 000 hectares of lands. The maximum area of the reservoir is about 450 km², and the maximum storage capacity of 3. 95 billion cubic meters In flood conditions. The information in HEC-RAS is to re-create the input and output files. In addition to the time format in the geographic database data model. A statement of capabilities according to the movement drawn.
{"title":"Using GIS to study the analysis of flooding areas south of Himreen dam to the north of Baquba district/ Iraq: استخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية لدراسة تحليل فيضان مناطق جنوب سد حمرين إلى شمال قضاء بعقوبة/ العراق","authors":"Ammar Hussein Mohammed","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.a210819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.a210819","url":null,"abstract":" This study describes the analysis of flooding areas south of Himreen dam to the north of Baqubah district. The study aims at different measurements of flooding in a simulated manner. to minimize the amount of damage that these areas could suffer in actual flooding. Stream measurements and flow forecasting are the basis for understanding flood mechanics. And select it at each river station for a certain time period. . This research used different study methods. The HEC-RAS model was used with ArcGIS for flood design and analysis. Based on the available data, the areas south of Himreen Dam to the north of Baqubah district were selected as a study area. The area of the Hamrin reservoir is about 347 km², with a storage capacity of 2. 06 billion cubic meters under normal conditions. It provides water for some 300, 000 hectares of lands. The maximum area of the reservoir is about 450 km², and the maximum storage capacity of 3. 95 billion cubic meters In flood conditions. The information in HEC-RAS is to re-create the input and output files. In addition to the time format in the geographic database data model. A statement of capabilities according to the movement drawn. ","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77052484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, NMR spectroscopy can be used to investigate and quantify selected chemical bonds in different melanoidins formed from glucose and some Maillard intermediates as HMF, MGO and GO with alanine. Chemical shifts between 100 ppm and 160 ppm are characteristic for sp2 hybridized carbons as found in conjugated double bond systems (C=C). The sp2 hybridized carbons cannot be found in melanoidin formed from Glc/Ala in the region between 110 ppm and 160 ppm and showing a higher content of sp2 hybridized carbon than in HMF/Ala, GO/Ala and MGO/Ala. Melanoidins formed from HMF/Ala, GO/Ala and MGO/Ala have been shown to be HMW compounds and LMW in melanoidin from Glc/Ala using UV/Vis, FTIR and NMR spectroscopy.
{"title":"Characterization of melanoidins formed from glucose and some α- carbonyl compounds with alanine by NMR spectroscopy: تشخيص مركب الميلانويدين المتشكل من الكلوكوز وبعض مركبات الالفا كاربونيل مع الألنين بواسطة مطيافية الرنين المغناطيسي NMR","authors":"Ghassan Faisal Mohsin","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.g140919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.g140919","url":null,"abstract":" In this study, NMR spectroscopy can be used to investigate and quantify selected chemical bonds in different melanoidins formed from glucose and some Maillard intermediates as HMF, MGO and GO with alanine. Chemical shifts between 100 ppm and 160 ppm are characteristic for sp2 hybridized carbons as found in conjugated double bond systems (C=C). The sp2 hybridized carbons cannot be found in melanoidin formed from Glc/Ala in the region between 110 ppm and 160 ppm and showing a higher content of sp2 hybridized carbon than in HMF/Ala, GO/Ala and MGO/Ala. Melanoidins formed from HMF/Ala, GO/Ala and MGO/Ala have been shown to be HMW compounds and LMW in melanoidin from Glc/Ala using UV/Vis, FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. ","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86587992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An important type of basic functions named basis spline (B-spline) is provided a simpler approximate and more stable approach to solve problems in optimal control. Furthermore, it can be proved that with special knot sequence, the B-spline basis are exactly Bernstein polynomials. The approximate technique is based on state variable is approximate as a linear combination of B-spline then anon linear optimization problem is obtained and the optimal coefficients are calculated using an iterative algorithm. Two different examples are tested using the proposed algorithm.
{"title":"State Parameterization Basic Spline Functions for Trajectory Optimization: دوال سبلاين الاساسية لمعلمات الحالة لأمثلية المسار","authors":"Maha Delphi, Suha Shihab","doi":"10.26389/ajsrp.s270519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.s270519","url":null,"abstract":" An important type of basic functions named basis spline (B-spline) is provided a simpler approximate and more stable approach to solve problems in optimal control. Furthermore, it can be proved that with special knot sequence, the B-spline basis are exactly Bernstein polynomials. The approximate technique is based on state variable is approximate as a linear combination of B-spline then anon linear optimization problem is obtained and the optimal coefficients are calculated using an iterative algorithm. Two different examples are tested using the proposed algorithm. ","PeriodicalId":16473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of natural sciences, life and applied sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90797400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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